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Effect of Oven Drying Temperature on The Tanin Content of Bungur (Lagerstroemia speciosa Auct. non (L.) Pers) Leaves Upa, Nurul Fatmawati Pua; Kolobani, Matias Nataniel; Wardani, Nimas Prita R.K; Kale, Maria Laurenci Fanny Permata; Tunggal, Deif
Golden Ratio of Data in Summary Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): November - April
Publisher : Manunggal Halim Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52970/grdis.v4i1.1001

A study was conducted on the effect of oven drying temperature on tannin content of bungur leaves (Lagerstroemia speciosa Auct. non (L.) Pers). Bungur leaves were picked, dry sorted, washed, wet sorted, and drained then oven dried at 30oC, 60(o)C, 90oC respectively. After drying, the samples were then measured for moisture content and then made into bungur leaf powder. Bungur leaf powder was then extracted by modified maceration using aquadem solvent. The extract obtained was tested qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitative test results showed the presence of tannins. Quantitative tests using permanganometry, obtained tannin levels at drying temperatures of 30oC, 60oC, and 90oC were 7.27% ± 0.1429, 15.26% ± 1.0610, and 9.92% ± 0.7156, respectively. The highest tannin content was obtained at 60oC drying temperature.

An Ethnographic Study on Traditional Healing Practices and Their Influence on Medical Treatment Adherence Prita Rahajeningtyas Kusuma Wardani, Nimas; Fitrahulil Jannah, Insani; Tunggal, Deif; Syahrir
Golden Ratio of Data in Summary Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): May - July
Publisher : Manunggal Halim Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52970/grdis.v5i3.1450

This study explores the intersection between traditional healing practices and medical treatment adherence through a qualitative literature-based analysis grounded in an integrative ethnographic framework. The objective is to examine how cultural beliefs, spiritual interpretations of illness, and healer-patient dynamics influence adherence behaviors, particularly within low- and middle-income contexts where medical pluralism is prevalent. The research adopts a constructivist epistemology, employing a systematic review of 37 peer-reviewed qualitative and mixed-methods studies published between 2015 and 2025. Data were thematically synthesized to identify key patterns in dual treatment use, cultural logics of illness, relational trust, and healthcare system interfaces. The findings reveal that traditional healing does not inherently contradict biomedical adherence but interacts with it in complex and context-dependent ways. Patients often navigate between healing systems based on cultural alignment, familial influence, and perceived trustworthiness, while systemic barriers such as inadequate communication and institutional mistrust further complicate adherence. Integrative models—such as healer-clinic collaborations, culturally tailored counseling, and participatory communication strategies—demonstrated improved adherence outcomes in several settings. The study contributes to theoretical frameworks of adherence by incorporating sociocultural dimensions and proposes managerial innovations to institutionalize culturally embedded practices. It concludes by emphasizing the need for sustainable, inclusive health models that bridge epistemic divides between biomedicine and indigenous knowledge systems. These findings offer implications for health system reform, policy integration, and community-based intervention design in pluralistic healthcare environments.

Depression Levels Among Nursing Students: A Descriptive Study Tunggal, Deif; syahrir, Syahrir; Asa, Halena Meldy; Jannah, Insani Fitrahulil; Riwu, Audrey Gracelia
Cendana Medical Journal Vol 12 No 2 (2024): Cendana Medical Journal
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/cmj.v12i2.23698

Background : Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders and a serious global concern, particularly among university students. Nursing students are highly vulnerable to depression due to academic pressure, professional expectations, and the challenges of clinical and social environments. Objective : This study aimed to assess the level of depression among nursing students at Nusantara Institute of Health Sciences as a foundation for developing targeted mental health interventions. Methods : This research employed a descriptive quantitative design with 55 participants selected using purposive sampling. The instrument used was the Indonesian-validated version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. The results showed that the majority of respondents were over 20 years old (52.7%), female (67.3%), lived in boarding houses (67.3%), and were self-motivated to pursue nursing education (76.4%). Based on PHQ-9 scoring, 49.1% of the participants experienced mild depression, 9.1% moderate depression, 3.6% moderately severe depression, and 38.2% had no signs of depression. Conclusion: These findings indicate that although most respondents had intrinsic motivation and independent living conditions, mild depressive symptoms remained prevalent. Therefore, early detection and preventive mental health interventions are essential to support academic success and future professionalism among nursing students. Keywords: Depression, Nursing Students, PHQ-9, Mental Health, Early Detection.

Understanding Drug Abuse Patterns in Asia: A Systematic Comparative Review of Community-Level Impacts and Interventions Tunggal, Deif; Wardani, Nimas Prita Rahajeningtyas Kusuma
Golden Ratio of Data in Summary Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): May - July
Publisher : Manunggal Halim Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52970/grdis.v5i3.1596

This study explores the evolving landscape of drug abuse across Asia and critically examines the role of community-level interventions in addressing substance use disorders within diverse cultural and structural contexts. Employing a qualitative systematic literature review approach, the research synthesizes findings from 75 peer-reviewed articles, institutional reports, and policy briefs published between 2005 and 2024. The study investigates three primary dimensions: emerging epidemiological patterns of drug use, the design and effectiveness of community-based interventions, and the enabling or constraining structural factors that shape public health outcomes. Data analysis was conducted through thematic coding and narrative synthesis, enabling cross-national comparisons and contextual interpretation of intervention frameworks. The findings reveal a significant shift from traditional opioid use in rural and borderland regions to increasing synthetic stimulant and poly-substance use in urban centers, driven by socio-economic stress, youth culture, and digital influences. Community-based interventions that integrate vocational support, mental health counseling, peer mentorship, and cultural components show higher efficacy in relapse prevention and social reintegration. Digital innovations, such as tele-counseling and mobile relapse monitoring, are expanding access, though digital divides remain a concern. Structural enablers, such as health-oriented policies in Malaysia and Vietnam, contrast sharply with punitive frameworks in countries like the Philippines, significantly influencing community trust and intervention sustainability. The study concludes that community-based, multidimensional, and culturally grounded strategies are critical to reducing drug-related harm in Asia and recommends further longitudinal and participatory research to inform equitable policy development..

Effect of Oven Drying Temperature on The Tanin Content of Bungur (Lagerstroemia speciosa Auct. non (L.) Pers) Leaves Upa, Nurul Fatmawati Pua; Kolobani, Matias Nataniel; Wardani, Nimas Prita R.K; Kale, Maria Laurenci Fanny Permata; Tunggal, Deif
Golden Ratio of Data in Summary Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): November - April
Publisher : Manunggal Halim Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52970/grdis.v4i1.1001

A study was conducted on the effect of oven drying temperature on tannin content of bungur leaves (Lagerstroemia speciosa Auct. non (L.) Pers). Bungur leaves were picked, dry sorted, washed, wet sorted, and drained then oven dried at 30oC, 60(o)C, 90oC respectively. After drying, the samples were then measured for moisture content and then made into bungur leaf powder. Bungur leaf powder was then extracted by modified maceration using aquadem solvent. The extract obtained was tested qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitative test results showed the presence of tannins. Quantitative tests using permanganometry, obtained tannin levels at drying temperatures of 30oC, 60oC, and 90oC were 7.27% ± 0.1429, 15.26% ± 1.0610, and 9.92% ± 0.7156, respectively. The highest tannin content was obtained at 60oC drying temperature.

Relationship Between Waist-To-Hip Ratio and HbA1c Levels Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Community Health Centers in Kupang Situmorang, William Kevin Nathanael; Setianingrum, Elisabeth Levina; Tunggal, Deif; Lada, Christina Olly
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11250

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus continues to increase, alongside a growing burden of central obesity as a major contributing risk factor. The waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) serves as a practical anthropometric indicator for assessing central obesity, whereas glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) reflects long-term glycemic control. Nevertheless, the evidence regarding the association between WHR and HbA1c levels remains inconclusive and varies across studies. Research objective to analyze the relationship between waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and HbA1c levels among patients with diabetes mellitus at primary health care centers in Kupang City. This study employed a cross-sectional design. Venous blood samples were collected to measure HbA1c levels, while waist and hip circumferences were measured to obtain the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) values. Data were analyzed using the Chi Square test. Result: The respondents were aged 18–59 years. The Chi-Square analysis indicated a non-significant association, with a p-value of 0.067. There was no significant association between waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and HbA1c levels among patients with diabetes mellitus at community health centers in Kupang City. Glycemic control is influenced not only by anthropometric parameters but also by various other factors, including dietary patterns, sex, physical activity, and lifestyle behaviors.

Effect of Isometric Handgrip Exercise on Blood Pressure Reduction in Individuals with Prehypertension and Stage 1 Hypertension Pajukang, Marescha Alehandro L.; Rante, Su Djie To; Hutasoit, Regina Marvina; Tunggal, Deif
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11394

Hypertension is a significant worldwide health concern that greatly affects heart-related illnesses and deaths. One recommended method to help lower blood pressure without medication is the isometric handgrip exercise. This research aimed to investigate the impact of isometric handgrip exercise on lowering blood pressure in those with prehypertension and stage 1 hypertension. The study utilized a quasi-experimental design following a two-group pretest–posttest format. The participants included 50 seminarians from Seminari Tinggi St. Mikhael Penfui, Kupang, who were chosen through purposive sampling based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants were split into two groups: the intervention group (n = 25) that engaged in isometric handgrip exercises for three minutes daily over five days, and the control group (n = 25) that did not participate in any exercise. The data were evaluated using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test and the Mann–Whitney test. After five days of exercise, a notable decrease in blood pressure occurred in the intervention group, both for prehypertension (systolic p < 0.001; diastolic p = 0.005) and stage 1 hypertension (systolic p = 0.003; diastolic p = 0.012). No remarkable changes were noted in the control group (p > 0.05). The comparison between the two groups indicated significant differences in blood pressure changes for both categories (p < 0.05). Isometric handgrip training significantly affects reducing blood pressure in individuals with prehypertension and stage one hypertension.

The Relationship Between Hemodialysis Frequency and the Tendency of Depressive Symptoms Among Dialysis Patients Maheswari, Jessica Maria Karminda; Nugroho, Teguh Dwi; Tunggal, Deif; Damanik, Efrisca Meliyuita Br
Journal of Research in Social Science and Humanities Vol 5, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/jrssh.v5i4.482

Background: Patients undergoing hemodialysis often experience both physical and psychological impacts. This study aimed to determine the relationship between hemodialysis frequency and the tendency of depressive symptoms. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at three hospitals in Kupang City: Siloam Hospital Kupang, Prof. W.Z. Yohanes Regional Hospital, and dr. Ben Mboi Central Hospital. Research variables included hemodialysis frequency and the tendency of depressive symptoms. Data were collected using the BDI-II questionnaire through interviews or self-administration. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman’s correlation with a 95% confidence level. Results: Among 163 respondents, 5 (3.1%) had a low frequency, 140 (85.9%) had a moderate frequency, and 18 (11%) had a high frequency. A total of 101 patients (62%) were categorized as normal, 28 (17.5%) had mild depression, 22 (13.5%) moderate depression, and 12 (7.4%) severe depression. Statistical analysis revealed no significant relationship between hemodialysis frequency and depressive symptom tendency (p = 0.491 0.05). Conclusion: Although many hemodialysis patients experienced depressive symptoms, statistical analysis did not show a significant association between hemodialysis frequency and the tendency of depressive symptoms. Further studies are needed to explore other factors influencing depression in this population.

Relationship Between Low Birth Weight and Neonatal Asphyxia Incidence at Kalabahi-Alor Regional Hospital in the 2021-2024 Period Sandy, Calistha Regina; Ob-Adang, Gottfrieda P. Taeng; Handoyo, Nicholas Edwin; Tunggal, Deif
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11341

Neonatal mortality is still a worldwide issue. Two of the main reasons for new-born deaths, including those at Kalabahi-Alor Regional Hospital, are neonatal asphyxia and low birth weight. It is vital to comprehend how low birth weight is connected to asphyxia to implement preventive measures. This research intends to examine the connection between low birth weight and the occurrence of asphyxia in newborns at Kalabahi-Alor Regional Hospital from 2021 to 2024 after adjusting for other risk factors. The study employs an analytical observational design with a descriptive method. It is a case-control retrospective research. The data analysis comprises univariate, bivariate (Chi-Square), and multivariate (logistic regression) to pinpoint independent risk factors. The bivariate analysis indicates that low birth weight significantly correlates with the occurrence of asphyxia (p-value 0.004), along with prematurity (p-value 0.044). Additionally, the multivariate analysis results revealed that low birth weight is an independent predictor of asphyxia occurrence after accounting for the variables of primiparity and prematurity with a p-value of 0.031 and odds ratio of 5.426, which shows that newborns with low birth weight are over five times more likely to face asphyxia compared to those with normal birth weight. In conclusion, there is a significant correlation between low birth weight and the incidence of neonatal asphyxia at Kalabahi-Alor Regional Hospital from 2021 to 2024 after other risk factors have been taken into account.

The Relationship Between the Use of Insecticide-Treated Mosquito Nets and Malaria Incidence in Gaura Village, West Lamboya District, West Sumba Regency Sandewi, Aliefa Sansabila Putri; Koamesah, S. M. J.; Deo, Dwita A.; Tunggal, Deif
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11494

Malaria remains a major public health problem in Indonesia, particularly in eastern regions such as East Nusa Tenggara. Gaura Village in West Lamboya District has the highest malaria incidence in West Sumba Regency. Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are a key prevention strategy, but their effectiveness depends on consistent use, net condition, and adequate household coverage. Objective to assess the relationship between ITN usage and malaria occurrence among residents of Gaura Village. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 252 participants. Data on malaria history, ITN use frequency, net condition, duration of use, washing frequency, and household coverage were collected through questionnaires and home observations. Statistical analyses included the Chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: Consistent ITN use was significantly associated with lower malaria incidence (p < 0.05). Net condition, bedroom coverage, and household member coverage also showed significant relationships with malaria occurrence. Multivariate analysis indicated that ITN usage remained the most influential variable. ITN usage is significantly associated with malaria incidence in Gaura Village. Ensuring consistent use, maintaining good net condition, and improving household coverage may strengthen malaria prevention efforts.

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