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All Journal Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization ILKOM Jurnal Ilmiah Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Komputer Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Universitas Al Asyariah Mandar Jurnal Tecnoscienza Computer Science and Information Technologies Jurnal Abdidas Indonesian Journal of Data and Science Journal of Applied Data Sciences International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Ilmu Terapan (JPMIT) Jurnal Minfo Polgan (JMP) Buletin Sistem Informasi dan Teknologi Islam Ilmu Komputer untuk Masyarakat JURNAL SIPISSANGNGI: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat - Teknologi Digital Indonesia Jurnal Inovasi Teknologi dan Edukasi Teknik
Lokapitasari Belluano, Poetri Lestari
Program Studi Teknik Informatika Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Univeristas Muslim Indonesia
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Journal : Journal of Applied Data Sciences

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Clustering-Based Adaptive UX in E-Learning Systems: Aligning Microservices with the 4C Framework Belluano, Poetri Lestari Lokapitasari; Patmanthara, Syaad; Ashar, Muhammad; Kurniawan, Fachrul; Kurubacak, Gulsun
Journal of Applied Data Sciences Vol 6, No 4: December 2025
Publisher : Bright Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47738/jads.v6i4.884

Abstract

This study introduces a clustering-driven adaptive User Experience (UX) architecture for e-learning systems, aligning machine learning segmentation with the 21st-century 4C educational framework (critical thinking, communication, collaboration, creativity). The objective is to dynamically personalize digital learning interactions through a microservices architecture responsive to users' UX profiles. A quantitative survey was conducted involving 50 active users of Shopee and Tokopedia, whose interaction feedback was mapped using the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). Three unsupervised clustering techniques—KMeans, Agglomerative, and DBSCAN—were compared. KMeans outperformed the others with a silhouette score of 0.157, compared to 0.146 for Agglomerative and −0.017 for DBSCAN, identifying three meaningful clusters representing high, medium, and low UX proficiency. A one-way ANOVA test confirmed statistically significant differences (p 0.01) among the clusters in dimensions such as error clarity, support responsiveness, and user confidence. These UX profiles were then mapped to individualized microservices: Cluster 0 received autonomous content with minimal support, Cluster 1 was offered guided prompts, and Cluster 2 was provided with simplified interfaces and proactive assistance. Each cluster was aligned with specific 4C competencies to ensure pedagogical relevance. The proposed architecture, built with gRPC-based microservices, enabled asynchronous, low-latency personalization based on user cluster membership. The novelty of this research lies in its dual alignment—technological (microservices + machine learning) and educational (4C competency mapping)—to construct a scalable and responsive e-learning environment. The system design, although validated through simulation, demonstrates a practical foundation for future deployment in platforms like Moodle or OpenEdX. By linking behavioral UX clustering to pedagogical intervention strategies, this study offers a model for adaptive, data-informed instructional systems that are both scalable and learner-centered.
Co-Authors A Ulfah Tenripada Syahar A. Ulfa Tenripada Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Abdul Muftia Abdul Rahman Mustafa Mustafa Alfian Putra Ramadhan Alriadi Tri Putra Amaliah Faradibah Ambarwati, Nisrina Dwi AR, Fatimah Ashar, Muhammad Aulia Putri Utami Ayu Aksari Benny Leonard Enrico P Benny Leonard Enrico Panggabean Benny Leonard Enrico Panggabean Darwis, Herdianti Dewi Widyawati Dirgahayu Lantara Erick Irawadi Alwi, Erick Irawadi Fachrul Kurniawan Fahmi Fahmi Faradibah, Amalia Faradibah, Amaliah Farniwati Fattah Fatima A.R Tuasamu Furqaan Ismail Gaffar, Andi Widya Mufila Harlinda Lahuddin Hasan, Fadlan Herdianti Darwis Herman Herman Herman Huzain Azis Indrawan, Alfad Indrawati Indrawati Indrawati Indrawati Irawati Irawati Ismaldyka, Ismaldyka Kasmira Kasmira Kasmira, Kasmira Khatimah, Nur Khusnul Kurubacak, Gulsun La Saiman lilis nurhayati Lutfi Budi Ilmawan, Lutfi Budi Manga, Abdul Rachman Mardiyyah Hasnawi Melisa Melisa Mubarak, Syahrul Muh Fachrul Islam Muh Syawal Muh Taufik Rifaat Muh. Aliyazid Mude Muh. Iqbal Muhammad Akbar Muhammad Fadhiel Muhammad Farid Zulfadly MUHAMMAD ILHAM Muhammad Kamil Muhammad Razaq Fajar Nazirah, Aliyah Nia Kurniati Nia Kurniati Noor Fauzi, Muh Hilmy Nur Chaerunnisa Nur wahidah Panggabean, Benny Leonard Enrico Pradinata, Awal Purnawansyah Purnawansyah Rachman Manga, Abdul Rahma, Reyna Aprilia Rahmadani Rahmadani Rahmadani Rahmadani Rahmat Ramadhan Ramdan Satra Rizal Rahmadani Saiman, La Sainlia, Ahmad Fauzan Siska Anraeni Sitti Rahmah Jabir Sitti Ramlah St Radiatul Adawiah Abidin Syaad Patmanthara Syafie, Lukman Tasrif Hasanuddin Tuasamu, Fatima A.R Wa Ode Tanti Widia Ningsih, Widia Yudha Islami Sulistya Yulita Salim Yundari, Yundari Zahrizhal Ali Zam, Aydil Akbar