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Effect of Radon and Lung Cancer Risk: A Narrative Literature Review Elsesmita; Sabrina Ermayanti; Dewi Wahyu Fitrina
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 15 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i15.669

Abstract

Exposure to cigarette smoke has been known to be a major risk factor for lung cancer. Although smoking has long been considered the main cause of lung cancer, about 5 to 25% of lung cancer cases occur in non-smokers. Radon is said to be the second most important cause of lung cancer after smoking. Radon-222 is a chemical element in the form of a highly radioactive gas that comes from the decay of the parent radioactive element, uranium, which is found in the earth's crust. Inhaled radon gas can adhere to the mucosal lining of the airways and damage the airway epithelium. The process of ionizing radiation by alpha particles due to the decay of radioactive substances can cause mutations and chromosomal aberrations, severance of DNA double chains, and formation of reactive oxygen species. (ROS) that cause cell cycle changes, up-and down-regulation of cytokines, and increased production of proteins associated with cell cycle regulation and carcinogenesis. Research on radon and lung cancer has not been widely conducted in Indonesia. This literature review aims to describe radon and its effects on lung health.
Profile of Side Effects of Chemotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients (NSCLC) Undergoing Chemotherapy at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia Isnaniyah Usman; Sabrina Ermayanti; Afriani Afriani
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 16 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i16.704

Abstract

Background: Chemotherapy is one of the treatment options for lung cancer at any stage. Side effects due to chemotherapy are still a problem in the treatment of lung cancer patients. Chemotherapy drugs have different side effects according to their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. This study aimed to determine the side effects of both hematological and non-hematological chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated at the lung ward of Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia, from 2017 to 2019. Methods: This was a descriptive observational study, a total of 42 study subjects. The study subjects were non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing first-line chemotherapy. Sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS software in a univariate manner. Results: The study subjects were mostly male (85.36%), the age range of 40-60 years (66.67%), at risk of exposure from work (45.23%), smokers (59.52%), had a history of pulmonary TB (11.9%), history of COPD (2.38%), history of malignancy of other organs (2.38%) with the most cell type being adenocarcinoma (54.76%). The most common hematological side effects were first-degree anemia (21.43%) and first-degree leukopenia (21.43%). The most non-hematological side effects were first-degree alopecia (90.48%), followed by first-degree nausea and vomiting (78.57%). Conclusion: Chemotherapy side effects were found in all regimens given with mild degrees. The side effects obtained were in the form of hematological and non-hematological side effects.
Karakteristik Pasien COVID-19 Simtomatik dan Asimtomatik di Rumah Sakit Amellya Sucieta; Sabrina Ermayanti; Sukri Rahman
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 3 No 1 (2022): Maret 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jikesi.v3i1.729

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Karakteristik pasien COVID-19 diperlukan dalam pengendalian pandemi COVID-19. Beragamnya gejala klinis yang muncul, mulai dari asimtomatik sampai kritis menyebabkan perbedaan dalam diagnosis, isolasi, dan pengobatan pasien. Pasien asimtomatik dapat bertindak sebagai karier yang menyebarkan virus kepada orang lain. Pasien simtomatik dengan gejala ringan sampai berat memerlukan intervensi dan pengobatan yang berbeda untuk mencegah penularan dan perburukan klinis. Perbedaan intervensi juga perlu mempertimbangkan durasi konversi negatif yang berkaitan dengan risiko penularan dan peningkatan kasus COVID-19. Objektif: Tinjauan literatur ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran karakteristik pasien COVID-19 simtomatik dan asimtomatik di rumah sakit. Metode: Pencarian artikel penelitian bersumber dari database PUBMED dan ScienceDirect, yang melalui proses penyaringan dan analisis data. Hasil: Tinjauan ini dilakukan terhadap 13 artikel penelitian yang terdiri dari: 3 artikel meneliti pasien simtomatik, 4 artikel meneliti pasien asimtomatik, 6 artikel meneliti pasien simtomatik dan asimtomatik. Prevalensi pasien COVID-19 simtomatik di rumah sakit lebih banyak dibandingkan pasien asimtomatik. Pasien simtomatik lebih banyak ditemukan pada kelompok usia yang lebih tua dibandingkan pasien asimtomatik. Pasien simtomatik memiliki median usia berkisar antara 22-69 tahun, sedangkan pasien asimtomatik berkisar antara 19-37 tahun. Sebagian besar studi menemukan dominasi laki-laki pada kelompok pasien simtomatik, dan perempuan pada kelompok pasien asimtomatik. Durasi konversi negatif hasil pemeriksaan RT-PCR pada pasien simtomatik dan asimtomatik dari tinjuan ini tidak ditemukan perbedaan signifikan. Kesimpulan: Durasi konversi negatif dalam penentuan bebas isolasi pasien COVID-19 perlu mempertimbangkan durasi sejak awal terkonfirmasi positif pada pasien asimtomatik, pertimbangan perbaikan gejala klinis dan pemeriksaan penunjang pada pasien simtomatik.
Gambaran Riwayat Asma pada Pasien Rinitis Alergi di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Dolly Irfandy; Dolly Irfandy; Muhammad Farhan Ramadhan; Sabrina Ermayanti
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 3 No 1 (2022): Maret 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jikesi.v3i1.874

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Rinitis alergi adalah penyakit inflamasi pada hidung yang sering ditemukan pada masyarakat. Asma merupakan salah satu komorbid yang dapat ditemukan pada penderita rinitis alergi. Hubungan rinitis alergi dan asma dijelaskan melalui konsep united airway disease. Objektif: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran dan karakteristik riwayat asma pada pasien rinitis alergi. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain cross-sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang dengan jumlah sampel 78 pasien rinitis alergi. Hasil: Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebanyak 13 orang (16,7%) sampel memiliki riwayat asma. Karakteristik sampel dengan riwayat asma banyak ditemukan pada kelompok usia lebih dari 16 sampai 25 tahun (38,5%) dengan jenis kelamin terbanyak ditemukan pada perempuan (53,8%). Klasifikasi rinitis alergi persisten sedang-berat paling banyak ditemukan (46,2%). Gejala bersin-bersin ditemukan pada semua sampel dengan riwayat asma (100%). Riwayat atopi dalam keluarga ditemukan pada 12 orang (92,3%) sampel dengan riwayat asma. Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu riwayat asma ditemukan pada 1 dari 6 pasien rinitis alergi pada kelompok usia lebih dari 16 sampai 25 tahun. Pasien rinitis alergi dengan riwayat asma banyak ditemukan pada perempuan. Klasifikasi rinitis alergi terbanyak ditemukan berupa rinitis alergi persisten sedang-berat dengan gejala yang dominan yaitu bersin-bersin. Riwayat atopi dalam keluarga ditemukan pada sebagian besar pasien rinitis alergi disertai dengan riwayat asma.
Benefits of Conventional Chemotherapy in Progressive Disease Patients with Tyrosine-Kinase Inhibitors: A Case Report Ahmad Junaidi; Sabrina Ermayanti; Afriani Afriani
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 14 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i14.657

Abstract

Background. Mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in non-small cell lung carcinoma is a favorable predictive factor for targeted EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy, but patients with EGFR-mutated lung cancer who are given EGFR-TKI will experience disease progression after average 10 to 14 months on average. This study aims to describe a case of progressive lung adenocarcinoma and its chemotherapy treatment. Case presentation: A 54 years old woman who came with stage IV left lung adenocarcinoma (exon 21 mutation) who had received EGFR TKI for 17 months progressed, so the treatment was shifted to systemic chemotherapy. Based on these diagnostic results, the patient was diagnosed with progressive disease T3N1M1c left lung adenocarcinoma (pleura, contralateral nodule, ribs, suprarenal) Stage IVb PS ECOG 0. The patient was then treated with conventional doublet-platinum-based chemotherapy with the Carboplatin-Paclitaxel combination. Conclusion: Systemic chemotherapy with doublet-platinum is an option in patients with progressive adenocarcinoma with EGFR-TKI who cannot obtain tissue for histopathological examination at rebiopsy or do not have access to advanced molecular biology (e.g., T790M) or follow-up therapy (third-generation TKI, osimertinib).
Effect of Radon and Lung Cancer Risk: A Narrative Literature Review Elsesmita; Sabrina Ermayanti; Dewi Wahyu Fitrina
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 15 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i15.669

Abstract

Exposure to cigarette smoke has been known to be a major risk factor for lung cancer. Although smoking has long been considered the main cause of lung cancer, about 5 to 25% of lung cancer cases occur in non-smokers. Radon is said to be the second most important cause of lung cancer after smoking. Radon-222 is a chemical element in the form of a highly radioactive gas that comes from the decay of the parent radioactive element, uranium, which is found in the earth's crust. Inhaled radon gas can adhere to the mucosal lining of the airways and damage the airway epithelium. The process of ionizing radiation by alpha particles due to the decay of radioactive substances can cause mutations and chromosomal aberrations, severance of DNA double chains, and formation of reactive oxygen species. (ROS) that cause cell cycle changes, up-and down-regulation of cytokines, and increased production of proteins associated with cell cycle regulation and carcinogenesis. Research on radon and lung cancer has not been widely conducted in Indonesia. This literature review aims to describe radon and its effects on lung health.
Profile of Side Effects of Chemotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients (NSCLC) Undergoing Chemotherapy at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia Isnaniyah Usman; Sabrina Ermayanti; Afriani Afriani
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 16 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i16.704

Abstract

Background: Chemotherapy is one of the treatment options for lung cancer at any stage. Side effects due to chemotherapy are still a problem in the treatment of lung cancer patients. Chemotherapy drugs have different side effects according to their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. This study aimed to determine the side effects of both hematological and non-hematological chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated at the lung ward of Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia, from 2017 to 2019. Methods: This was a descriptive observational study, a total of 42 study subjects. The study subjects were non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing first-line chemotherapy. Sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS software in a univariate manner. Results: The study subjects were mostly male (85.36%), the age range of 40-60 years (66.67%), at risk of exposure from work (45.23%), smokers (59.52%), had a history of pulmonary TB (11.9%), history of COPD (2.38%), history of malignancy of other organs (2.38%) with the most cell type being adenocarcinoma (54.76%). The most common hematological side effects were first-degree anemia (21.43%) and first-degree leukopenia (21.43%). The most non-hematological side effects were first-degree alopecia (90.48%), followed by first-degree nausea and vomiting (78.57%). Conclusion: Chemotherapy side effects were found in all regimens given with mild degrees. The side effects obtained were in the form of hematological and non-hematological side effects.
High Levels of Leucocyte and Thrombocyte Increasing COVID-19 Mortality Rate in RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Maulana Muharam; Sabrina Ermayanti; Afriani Afriani
Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 43, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/jri.v43i1.239

Abstract

Background: Different leukocytosis, leucopenia, thrombocytosis, thrombocytopenia, and clinical severity appear in COVID-19's cases. This study is aimed to identify the association between leucocyte, thrombocyte, and clinical severity in COVID-19's outcome.Methods: A retrospective cohort study involving 121 patients with COVID-19 whom admitted from January to March 2021. Kruskal Wallis test was applied for analysis.Results: The majority of participants were female (55.4%), aged between 18-49 years old (42.1%), and had comorbidities (81.8%). Most participants had a normal range of leucocyte (57.9%), thrombocyte (62.8%), and moderate clinical severity (67.8%). Subjects with full recovery were 79.3%, with sequelae such as weakness, and/or shortness of breath 3.3%, and deceased 17.4%. Leucocyte and thrombocyte had an association with COVID-19 outcome (P=0.045 and P=0.030 respectively). Clinical severity had no association with COVID-19 outcome (P=0.304). Conclusion: Leucocyte and thrombocyte have an association with COVID-19 outcome. Clinical severity has no association with COVID-19 outcome.
Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer: A Narrative Literature Review Hendris Utama Citra Wahyudin; Afriani Afriani; Fenty Anggrainy; Sabrina Ermayanti
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v7i1.755

Abstract

Lung cancer is the most common cause of death from cancer in both men and women worldwide. Cancers with low immunogenicity often do not present antigens, so immune responses can be avoided. Uncontrolled growth of tumor cells occurs due to various factors such as activation of immunosuppressive mechanisms, induction of various immunosuppressive cells, and expression of immune checkpoint molecules. The development of lung cancer management has progressed since the discovery of molecular-based target therapy and immunotherapy. The high expression of tumor mutational burden in lung cancer indicates high immunogenicity in lung cancer. Various immunological mechanisms involving programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have been developed for the treatment of lung cancer by utilizing immune system modulation. Nivolumab is the first approved immunotherapy for lung cancer, followed by pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, and durvalumab. The use of immunotherapy involving immune checkpoint inhibitors is an important breakthrough in the management of cancer, including lung cancer. This literature review aimed to describe immunotherapy in lung cancer that focuses on immune checkpoint inhibitors anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1.
Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer: A Narrative Literature Review Hendris Utama Citra Wahyudin; Afriani Afriani; Fenty Anggrainy; Sabrina Ermayanti
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v7i1.755

Abstract

Lung cancer is the most common cause of death from cancer in both men and women worldwide. Cancers with low immunogenicity often do not present antigens, so immune responses can be avoided. Uncontrolled growth of tumor cells occurs due to various factors such as activation of immunosuppressive mechanisms, induction of various immunosuppressive cells, and expression of immune checkpoint molecules. The development of lung cancer management has progressed since the discovery of molecular-based target therapy and immunotherapy. The high expression of tumor mutational burden in lung cancer indicates high immunogenicity in lung cancer. Various immunological mechanisms involving programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have been developed for the treatment of lung cancer by utilizing immune system modulation. Nivolumab is the first approved immunotherapy for lung cancer, followed by pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, and durvalumab. The use of immunotherapy involving immune checkpoint inhibitors is an important breakthrough in the management of cancer, including lung cancer. This literature review aimed to describe immunotherapy in lung cancer that focuses on immune checkpoint inhibitors anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1.