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Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
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Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 43 No. 1 (2024)" : 15 Documents clear
Giant congenital melanocytic nevus of the back: a case report Idarto, Areta
Universa Medicina Vol. 43 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2024.v43.128-132

Abstract

BackgroundGiant congenital melanocytic nevus (GCMN) is a rare disease with an extremely low incidence, that is present from or develops at birth and typically affects the dermis but may also affect other skin layers. Its incidence is estimated at <1 in 20,000 newborns. Despite its rarity, this lesion is important because it may be associated with severe complications such as malignant melanoma. A thorough follow-up is crucial since the probability of malignancy can vary depending on the clinical course. As such, careful observation is necessary to support possible management plans. Case DescriptionIn this case report, we present a three-day-old newborn male with abrasions on a black patch on his back. He presented with fever, jaundice, and black patches on more than 50% of his trunk down to the sacral area. The black raised patches resembling nodules had wounds on the lower back near the gluteus. A histopathology examination of specimens taken from 3 nodules on the back revealed hypocellular tissues with lymphocytes, histiocytes, neutrophils, fat droplets, and mature fat cells interspersed with some erythrocytes. The lesion was, therefore, diagnosed as a giant congenital melanocytic nevus (GCMN). Parents were counseled regarding the possible future course and were asked to come for regular follow-ups. Conclusions In this instance, we document a rare occurrence of GCMN that warrants recognition and appropriate treatment. To accumulate evidence for improving disease prognosis and outcomes, children with congenital melanocytic nev
Macrophage modulation in activation process induced immune thrombocytopenia Mahdaleny, Mahdaleny; Bustami, Arleni; Iswanti, Febriana Catur
Universa Medicina Vol. 43 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2024.v43.76-87

Abstract

The immune system operates like an orchestra that harmoniously maintains the homeostasis balance while protecting from external or internal pathogens attack. Inflammation is one of the key critical immune defenses to eradicate pathogens and encourage tissue repair and recovery by activating the host’s immune and non-immune cells. As a part of the immune response during inflammation, blood platelets serve various functions; however, their activation and involvement in inflammation can also contribute to pathological conditions, such as thrombosis, which results in myocardial infarction, stroke, and venous thromboembolism. Activated platelets can mobilize and release intracellular granules (alpha and dense granules), which include secondary mediators like chemokine PF4/CXCL4. In contrast to most other chemokines, PF4 participates in several long-term regulatory processes, such as cell differentiation, survival, and proliferation. However, recent findings suggest that PF4 is also responsible for modulating macrophage polarization, which can substantially impact the development of induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. This review aims to explain how PF4 induced vascular problems by modulation of macrophage development during immunological thrombocytopenia. A literature search using the keywords PF4, CXCL4, macrophage M4, platelet macrophage M4, and induced immune thrombocytopenia was done using the following databases: Google Scholar, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and Scopus for articles published from 2000 to 2023. The literature study was done to find the connection between platelet activation, macrophage modulation, and vascular problems such as atherosclerosis and thromboembolism in induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. Several recent studies on PF4, macrophage modulation, and vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia were carefully reviewed. This review concludes that macrophage polarization modulation is promising in managing vascular problems in patients with induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia.
Trends in iron deficiency anemia research 2010 – 2023: a bibliometric analysis Santosa, Budi; Damayanti, Fitriani Nur; Suparman, Suparman
Universa Medicina Vol. 43 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2024.v43.114-127

Abstract

Anemia is a health disorder marked by a reduction in hemoglobin concentration (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), and erythrocyte count. Iron deficiency anemia is marked by a reduction in hemoglobin synthesis, resulting in the production of hypochromic microcytic erythrocytes. The interest over time in the topic of iron deficiency anemia throughout the world is increasing. Many studies associated with iron deficiency anemia have been conducted by various authors and are increasing from year to year. The aim of the present review was to evaluate the literature on iron deficiency published between 2010 and 2023, with a focus on the trend in number of publications and citations, the trend of the link strength on the topic of iron deficiency anemia, and the low density of articles published from 2010 to 2023, to determine the trend and novelty of the topic of iron deficiency anemia. This review was a systematic study with the stages conforming to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) diagram. The data on scientific publications on the topic of iron deficiency anemia were collected using dimensions.ai from 2010 to 2023. The data were subsequently analyzed with the Vosviewer program. This review resulted in the following findings. First, the number of publications and citations on the topic of iron deficiency anemia increased exponentially from year to year. Second, there were 139 items, 3 clusters, and 5579 links, with a link strength of 18253 for the topic of iron deficiency anemia. Third, the recommended study topics connected with iron deficiency anemia are topics of low density, namely clinician, pathogenesis, and biofortification. The study findings may assist the interested researchers to know the trends and novelties of studies on iron deficiency anemia, and may recommend suggestions for further research.
HIV-1 drug resistance-associated mutations in relation to viral load among HIV/AIDS patients at Dr. M. Djamil-Hospital Padang Nadia, Rizka; Elvira, Dwitya; Raveinal, Raveinal
Universa Medicina Vol. 43 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2024.v43.38-43

Abstract

BackgroundAccording to the WHO, 38 million people suffer from HIV worldwide and according to the HIV Drug Resistance Report, the prevalence of antiretroviral therapy (ART) resistance is 3-29%. Drug resistance-associated mutations (DRAMs) are the presence of one or more HIV mutations that reduce the ability of certain drugs to inhibit viral replication and that will increase viral replication and HIV RNA, which can lead to therapeutic failure. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HIV-1 DRAMs among patients with chronic HIV-1 infections and to compare HIV RNA viral load between M184V and K103N mutations. Methods A cross-sectional was conducted involving 80 patients with HIV who met the inclusion criteria. The study subjects were examined for genotype and HIV RNA viral load, both using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results The overall drug resistance mutation prevalence was 10.0%. The most common mutations were M184V and K103N. There was a significant difference between the median HIV RNA viral load counts in patients with either M184V or K103N, and with both M184V and K103N mutations, the values being 45.420, 13.207, and 97.517 copies/mL, respectively (p<0.001). Conclusion The HIV RNA viral load count was higher in the mutation group than in the group without mutation. Long-term and ongoing surveillance of HIV DRAMs among these patients is necessary, which will help us to adjust the treatment regimen.
Effect of cognitive stimulation therapy in combination with other intervention modalities on cognitive ability in elderly with cognitive impairment: a quasi-experimental study Turana, Yuda; Sani, Tara Puspitarini; Prasetya, Virginia Geraldine Hanny; Suswanti, Ika; Konny, Lisye; Halim, Magdalena Surjaningsih; Handajani, Yvonne Suzy
Universa Medicina Vol. 43 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2024.v43.13-19

Abstract

BackgroundCognitive stimulation therapy (CST) has been proven to be beneficial in improving cognition and quality of life in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia (MD). This study investigates the benefit of more frequent exclusively CST intervention compared to less-frequent CST-exercise combination on cognitive ability among elderly people with cognitive impairment. MethodsA quasi-experimental controlled study involving 22 subjects aged = 60 years with cognitive impairment. They were divided into three groups: group A (6 months, weekly CST + exercise sessions, n=13), Group B (3 months, twice-weekly CST-only sessions, n=5), group C (3 months, no intervention, n=4) as control. The Modified Mini Mental State Examination Indonesian Version was used for evaluating the cognitive ability of the elderly subjects. Data were analyzed using one-way Anova and Kruskal-Wallis tests ResultsAll participants completed the study, the majority being female with mean age of 70.43 ± 6.97 years and differences in education level distribution across the three groups. The scores before and after the intervention showed a significant difference in the registration and construction domains (p<0.005). However, there was a greater improvement of the mean difference in cognitive scores in groups A and B compared to the control group, although the difference was not statistically significant (p >0.05). ConclusionA twice-weekly CST-only intervention and a once-a-week CST-exercise combination provide better cognitive improvement than no intervention (control). Therefore, elderly people with cognitive impairment should be encouraged to engage in physical activities, brain training, and group activities for promoting the brain’s ability.
The effect of listening to Holy Quran recitation on stress among healthy adults: a non-blinded randomized controlled trial Hanafi, Muchtar; Rahmatillah, Arif; Wiyono, Nanang; Mirawati , Diah Kurnia
Universa Medicina Vol. 43 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2024.v43.61-68

Abstract

BackgroundStress is the body’s inability to reach a balance between physical or psychological demands and the ability to meet them. Failure to meet these demands has a crucial impact which includes physical, emotional, and behavioral disorders. Recitation of the Quran is believed to cause relaxation by lowering adrenocorticotropic and cortisol hormonal levels. This study aimed to assess the effects of Quran recitation on stress levels using the biofeedback indicators electromyogram, skin conductance, and heart rate among healthy adults. MethodsThis study used a pre- and post-test group design involving 40 males between 19 and 23 years of age, randomized into two groups, i.e. control group (n=20) and Quran recitation listeners (n=20). The subjects were conditioned in a quiet room for 30 minutes before the stress level measurements were taken. The stress level measurements by means of electromyogram, skin conductance, and heart rate were performed with biofeedback before and after giving the stressor tests’ protocol. Statistical analysis using independent t-test was then performed. ResultsThe baseline comparative measurement using biofeedback between control and treatment groups revealed nonsignificant between-group differences in electromyogram, skin conductance, and heart rate (p=0.150; p= 0.389; and p=0.985 respectively). After applying the stress protocol followed by the intervention, the independent t-test revealed significant between-group differences in electromyogram and skin conductance (p= 0.042 and p=0.030), but not in heart rate (p=0.741). ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that Quran recitation has a significant effect in relieving stress levels assessed using biofeedback parameters (electromyogram and skin conductance) among healthy adults.
Assessing patient safety implementation and its associate factors in a pediatric inpatient ward Rukmini, Rukmini; Qomariah, Siti Nur; Savage, Eileen
Universa Medicina Vol. 43 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2024.v43.4-12

Abstract

BackgroundPatient safety is an emerging healthcare discipline with the ultimate goal of reducing errors and harm to patients by implementing quality health services. The provision of patient safety is complex and difficult to achieve. The purpose of this research was to assess patient safety in hospital pediatric inpatient care and factors affecting nurses implementing pediatric patient safety. MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved 80 nurses (male and female) at several private and public hospitals in Surabaya City. The research instruments used were secondary data on patient safety in hospital pediatric inpatient wards, hospital medical records, as well as questionnaires, and observations of the implementation of pediatric patient safety goals. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. ResultsMost participants were female (71.3%), were over 45 years old (18%), and had more than 5 years of work experience in pediatric wards (76%). There were reportedly 145 patient safety incidents, consisting of 46% unexpected events (Kejadian Tidak Diharapkan), 48% nearly injurious events (Kejadian Nyaris Cedera), 6% potential injurious events (Kejadian Potensial Cedera), and 0% sentinel events. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that nurses who work in less positive working settings are at higher risk of negative implementation of pediatric patient safety than those who work in positive working settings [AOR= 1.85 (95% CI 1.62-4.92)]. ConclusionThis study demonstrated that work setting and frequency of reported events were significantly associated with negative implementation of pediatric patient safety. Therefore, intervention is recommended to minimize unnecessary pediatric patient harm.
Factors that influence refractive errors in premature infants Surasmiati, Ni Made Ayu; Handayani, Ariesanti Tri; Sutyawan, I Wayan Eka
Universa Medicina Vol. 43 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2024.v43.44-50

Abstract

Background The prevalence of refractive errors is reported to be higher in children born preterm. Factors such as gestational age, birth weight, and retinopathy of prematurity status, have a significant impact on the refractive development in preterm infants. Prematurity and low birth weight affect the development of organ systems in infants, including the eyes. In addition to immature retinas, other eye conditions, such as refractive status, are also observed. This study aimed to determine the risk factors of refractive status, specifically refractive errors (spherical equivalent, astigmatism, and anisometropia) in premature infants at a tertiary hospital in Bali. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 53 premature infants. This study collected samples from January to August 2023 at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Prof. dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital. Data regarding gender, gestational age, birth weight, retinal condition, spherical equivalent, and refractive disorders were collected. The relationship between risk factors and spherical equivalent, astigmatism, and anisometropia were analyzed using multiple regression analysis with statistical significance set at p<0.05. ResultsHypermetropia is the most common finding in premature infants, followed by myopia and astigmatism. The prevalence of myopia (9.4%) and astigmatism (5.7%) is also more common among newborns of gestational age ≤30 weeks (p=0.024). Chronological age was significantly associated with spherical equivalent (β=0.424; p=0.019). ConclusionIn premature infants, chronological age was the risk factor of spherical equivalent. Other risk factors were not associated with the prevalence of refractive errors among premature infants.
Nicotine reduces cell viability and induces oxidative stress in human gingival fibroblasts Azmi, Sabrina; Hadi, Restu Syamsul; Kusuma, Indra; Suciati, Yulia; Sari, Wening
Universa Medicina Vol. 43 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2024.v43.20-30

Abstract

BackgroundNicotine, as the main component of cigarettes, is known to interfere with the proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and can trigger oxidative stress. This study aimed to analyze the impact of nicotine on viability, expression of the antioxidant Nrf2, levels of the product of oxidative stress malondialdehyde (MDA), and the migration capacity of HGFs. MethodsAn experimental laboratory study used fibroblasts isolated from healthy human gingiva. The cells were grouped into the non-treatment control group (NTC), the solvent control (SC), and the treatment groups, exposed to nicotine at various concentrations for twenty-four hours. Cell viability was assesed using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), Nrf2 expression was examined using ELISA, MDA level was measured using an MDA kit, and migration capacity was assessed using a scratch assay. Statistical analysis used one-way Anova or Kruskal-Wallis test. A p-value of <0.05 was expressed statistically significant. ResultsThe Cell viability was substantially reduced in the nicotine group compared to the untreated group, accompanied by changes in cell morphology. In contrast, Nrf2 expression increased significantly (p=0.010) in the 5 mM nicotine group compared with the control group. The MDA levels were not significantly distinct across groups (p=0.056). Cell migration was delayed significantly in the 5 mM nicotine group at 72 hours after scratching compared to the control group. ConclusionNicotine decreased HGFs viability and increased Nrf2 expression significantly in a dose-dependent manner. Nicotine at 5 mM concentration did not alter MDA levels but delayed cell migration.
Evaluation of risk factors of postpartum urinary retention after vaginal delivery Djusad, Suskhan
Universa Medicina Vol. 43 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2024.v43.31-37

Abstract

BackgroundUrinary retention is a condition where a person is unable to urinate even after making sufficient efforts. It can be classified as either acute or chronic, as well as overt or covert. Urinary retention can be caused by various factors such as poor detrusor muscle contraction, a decrease in bladder contractility, anatomical anomalies, impaired neurological coordination while urinating, and disruption of outlet relaxation. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors of postpartum urinary retention (PPUR) after vaginal delivery. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 500 female subjects who were in labor. All data obtained including variables such as age, parity, perineal rupture, episiotomy, history of using assisted vaginal birth during labor, and newborn weight, were compared between female subjects with and without postpartum urinary retention. The data were was analyzed using chi square test and multiple logistic regression analyses as a means to identify risk factors for PPUR. Results Among the 500 patients recruited to our study, 68 (13.6%) had PPUR. Episiotomy and parity were found to be potential risk factors for PPUR (OR=1.84;95% CI = 1.06-3.18 and OR=2.19;95% CI = 1.16-4.12, respectively). Severe perineal rupture was not a risk factor of PPUR (OR= 0.82;95% CI =0.82-5.89). ConclusionThe prevalence of PPUR was quite high. Risk factors identified for PPUR were parity and episiotomy. In clinical practice, healthcare providers should pay more attention to women with these risk factors to prevent PPUR.

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