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INDONESIA
GIZI INDONESIA
Published by DPP PERSAGI Jakarta
ISSN : 04360265     EISSN : 25285874     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Gizi Indonesia (Journal of The Indonesian Nutrition Association) is an open access, peer-reviewed and inter-disciplinary journal managed by The Indonesia Nutrition Association (PERSAGI). Gizi Indonesia (Journal of The Indonesian Nutrition Association) has been accredited by Indonesian Institute of Sciences since 2004. Gizi Indonesia aims to disseminate the information about nutrition, therefore it is expected that it can improve insight and knowledge in nutrition to all communities and academics. Gizi Indonesia (Journal of The Indonesian Nutrition Association) offers a specific forum for advancing scientific and professional knowledge of the nutrition field among practitioners as well as academics in public health and researchers
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 538 Documents
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RISIKO OSTEOPOROSIS DI INDONESIA Jahari, Abas Basuni; Prihatini, Sri
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 30, No 1 (2007): Maret 2007
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36457/gizindo.v30i1.35

Abstract

RISK OF OSTEOPOROSIS IN INDONESIABackground: Osteoporosis is on of growing problems in the world which is related to ageingprocess. It is estimated that in the year 2050 around 50% bone fracture in Asia is associated withosteoporosis. However, epidemiological information about osteoporosis in Indonesia is still rarelyavailable.Objective: To provide information on the magnitude of osteoporosis in Indonesia.Method: In 1999 and 2003-2005 PT FBI carried free Bone Mineral Density (BMD) examination inseveral provinces of Indonesia. The total samples of 126,265 subjects were those who came tothe examination center set by the PT FBI. The equipment used to examine BMD is ”SaharaClinical Bone Sonometer”.Results: It is found that the proportion of risk of osteoporosis was 19.7 percent in 2002, 7.7percent in 2003, 7.0 percent in 2004 and 10.7persen in 2005. The pattern of the problem wassimilar from 2002 to 2005; the risk of osteoporosis is increasing following the ages. The proportionof osteophenia was higher than that of risk of osteoporosis. The proportion of osteophenia was36.0 percent in 2002, 46.8 percent in 2003, 46.5 percent in 2004 and 41.8 percent in 2005. Theproportion of risk of osteoporosis below 55 years of age was less in male than in female, howeverin the age of = 55 years the proportion was higher in female than in male subjects.Conclusion: The proportion of risk of osteoporosis was less in 2005 than that in 2002. However,this figure is not an indication of decreasing problem of risk of osteoporosis, because the nature ofthe population distribution and sampling method did not provide evidence of representativenessfor the areas. The problem of ostephenia relatively did not change much from 36.0 percent in 2002to 41.8 percent in 2005 or around 40 percent. This means that four out of 10 elderly having risk ofdeveloping osteoporosis.Recommendation: Problem of osteoporosis should be taken care not only for older people butshould start from the younger age. To obtain more representative figures on osteoporosis a moreappropriate designed study needs to be carried out.Keywords: osteoporosis, osteophenia, bone mineral density
STATUS VITAMIN D TERKINI ANAK INDONESIA USIA 2,0-12,9 TAHUN Ernawati, Fitrah; Budiman, Basuki
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 38, No 1 (2015): Maret 2015
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36457/gizindo.v38i1.169

Abstract

Masalah kurang vitamin D merupakan masalah gizi terbaru yang menjadi perhatian saat ini. Berbagai studi di luar negeri, baik di negara sub-tropis maupun tropis, menunjukkan prevalensi yang cukup tinggi. Di Indonesia belum banyak laporan tentang status vitamin D pada anak dan kelompok lain. Studi ini bertujuan mengetahui status vitamin D pada anak umur 2,0-12,9 tahun di Indonesia dan faktor yang berperan. Analisis menggunakan data anak usia 2,0 – 12,9 tahun dari South East Asian Nutrition Survey (SEANUTS) yang dikumpulkan tahun 2011. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang di 48 Kabupaten di Indonesia. Pengukuran kadar 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] menggunakan enzym immuno assay. Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA and korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata kadar vitamin D anak umur 2,0-12,9 tahun 52.6 + 0,7 nmol/L. Prevalensi deficiency vitamin D (serum 25(OH)D 25 nmol/L), insufficiecy (25-49 nmol/L), inadequate (50-74 nmol/L), dan desirable ( 75 nmol/L) berturut-turut 0%, 45,1%, 49,3%, dan 5,6%. Kadar vitamin D lebih tinggi pada anak lelaki (54,7±0,9 nmol/L) dibanding perempuan (49,9±1,0 nmol/L). Dijumpai hubungan positif antara lama melakukan aktifitas diluar rumah dengan kadar vitamin D (r=0,164, p=0,012). Kadar vitamin Dpada anak kelompok umur 2,0-2,9 tahun yaitu 54,0±2,3 nmol/l, sedangkan pada anak kelompok umur 9,0-12,9 tahun yaitu 50,3 ± 1,4 nmol/l. Kadar vitamin D anak yang tinggal di kota (52,5 nmol/l) tidak berbeda dengan anak yang tinggal di desa (52,6 nmol/l). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status vitamin D pada anak usia sekolah perlu mendapat perhatian.ABSTRACT CURRENT STATUS OF VITAMIN D IN INDONESIAN CHILDREN 2,0-12,9 YEARS OLD Vitamin D deficiency is an emerging nutritional problem. Studies in subtropical and tropical countries have shown high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. However, the vitamin D status of school children and other groups in indonesia is still underreported. The objective of this study is to assess vitamin D status and its associated factors in children aged 2.0-12.9 year. The data used for the analysis is secondary data of children 2.0-12.9 year old taken from the cross-sectional study of South East Asian Nutrition Survey (SEANUTS) conducted in 48 districts in 2011. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level was measured using enzyme immuno assay. Statistical analysis of data used ANOVA and Correlation test. The results showed that the mean serum 25(OH)D was 52.6 + 0,7 nmol/L. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH)D 25 nmol/L), insufficiency (25-49 nmol/L), inadequate (50-74 nmol/L), and desirable ( 75 nmol/L) were 0%, 45.1per cent, 49.3per cent, dan 5.6per cent ,respectively. Vitamin D level in boys (54,0±2,3 nmol/L) was higher than in girls (49.9±1.0 nmol/L). There was an association between vitamin D levels with outdoors activity (r=0.164, p=0.012). Mean vitamin D level in children aged 2,0-2,9 years was 54.0±2.3 nmol/l, while in children aged 9.0-12.9 years was 50,3 ± 1,4 nmol/l. There was no significant difference of vitamin D level between urban children (52.5 nmol/L) and rural children (52.6 nmol/L). The study draws our attention to vitamin D status in children 2.0-12.9 years old..Keywords: vitamin D status, children aged 1,0-12,9 years, outdoors activity 
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP STATUS GIZI OBESITAS ORANG DEWASA DI KOTA DEPOK, TAHUN 2007 ., Rahmawati; ., Sudikno
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 31, No 1 (2008): Maret 2008
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36457/gizindo.v31i1.51

Abstract

RISK FACTORS OF ADULT OBESITY IN DEPOK, WEST JAVA, IN 2007 There has been eating habit changes in big cities from consuming healthy food containingcomplex carbohydrate, and high fiber to junk food containing a lot of protein, fat, sugar, and saltbut little fiber and lack of physical activities will increase obesity. This study is an advance analysisof the risk factors of adult obesity and their characteristics in Depok. A cross-sectional study wasconducted to collect data from 366 samples, 176 men and 190 women aged 18-55 years old. Thesamples were selected using rapid assessment survey methodology. Percentage of adult obesitystatus (18-55 years old) is 16.4 percent, which is higher than the result of a study conducted in2004 (12.5 %). Percentage of women adult obesity status is higher than men. The women alsohave the risks of becoming obese 2.274 times higher than men. Percentage of adult obesity isdifferent across age group (p=0.044). The study showed that consuming deep fried food affectedobesity status (p= 0.010). Respondents who often consumed deep fried food had the risks ofbeing obese 2.337 times higher than those who rarely did that. In addition, it was found thatrespondents’ favorite food (deep fried food, fatty food, and food containing a lot of sugar) affectedtheir obesity status (p0.05). The analysis found the risks factors for adult obesity include age,sex, habits of consuming deep fried food, and favorite food (deep fried food, fatty food, and foodcontaining a lot of sugar).Keywords: adult, obesity, risk factors
ASUPAN CAIRAN DAN STATUS HIDRASI MEMPENGARUHI PROFIL TEKANAN DARAH PADA ATLET SEPAKBOLA REMAJA Penggalih, Mirza Hapsari Sakti Titis; Juffrie, Mohammad; Sudargo, Toto; Sofro, Zaenal Muttaqien
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 39, No 2 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36457/gizindo.v39i2.212

Abstract

KEMATIAN IBU DI INDONESIA (Analisis Data Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 1994-2007) Arsyad, Syahmida S.
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 32, No 1 (2009): Maret 2009
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36457/gizindo.v32i1.68

Abstract

MATERNAL MORTALITY IN INDONESIA(AN ANALYSIS OF THE 1994-2007 IDHS DATA)Maternal mortality is one of the main indicators of a community’s health status. It also reflects theperformance of a country’s health system. Almost 90 percents of maternal mortality can be preventedby, among others, maternal health care programs, nutrition improvement programs, family planningprograms, and increasing women’s education level. This paper has two objectives. The first objectiveis to describe maternal mortality ratios and its trend which are obtained from the 1994, 1997, 2002-2003 and 2007 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) results. The second objective is toanalyze factors influencing maternal mortality ratios in Indonesia. This information would be usefulfor policy makers to improve maternal health care programs. The 1994 IDHS used both direct andindirect methods, known as ”sisterhood method”, while the 1997, 2002-2003, and 2007 IDHS usedonly direct method to estimate maternal mortality rates and ratios. The surveys’ results show adeclining trend in maternal mortality for the five-year period prior to the surveys. The maternalmortality ratios according to the 1994, 1997, 2002/03 and 2007 IDHS are 390, 334, 307, and 228 per100,000 live births respectively. However, due to high sampling errors, it is difficult to concludewhether a decline in maternal mortality ratios has occurred during the last 20 years. The 1994, 1997,2002-2003 and 2007 IDHS results also demonstrate the effects of maternal health care programs onmaternal mortality ratios. Therefore, this paper concludes that the quality of maternal health careprograms need to be improved, which include antenatal, delivery and postnatal care, and also familyplanning programs.Keywords: Maternal mortality rate and ratio, Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey, maternalhealth care programs.
ANALISIS KONSUMSI PANGAN TINGKAT MASYARAKAT MENDUKUNG PENCAPAIAN DIVERSIFIKASI PANGAN Ariani, Mewa
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 33, No 1 (2010): Maret 2010
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36457/gizindo.v33i1.84

Abstract

THE ANALYSIS OF FOOD CONSUMPTION AT COMMUNITY LEVEL TO ACHIEVE FOOD DIVERSIFICATIONAs a country with large population, having food-self-sufficiency-based-food security is very important. One of the strategies to be secured in food-self-sufficiency-based-food is through achieving food consumption diversification. This paper was aimed to analyze recent food consumption pattern in Indonesia with respect to food consumption diversification. Source of the data was National Household Socio-economic Survey (SUSENAS) year 2005-2009 obtained from the Food Security Council, Ministry of Agriculture. The data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive method and presented i n tables. Results of the analyses showed that: 1) Community’s welfare in Indonesia is improving, showed by reducing proportion of food expenditure; 2) Protein consumption among Indonesian people exceeds Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for protein, while energy consumption is still below RDA for energy; and 3) The diversity of food consumption pattern among Indonesian people is improving, showed by increasing Dietary Diversity Score (Pola Pangan Harapan/PPH). However, to reach PPH-based food pattern, rice consumption should be limited, while consumption of tubers, animal food and fruitsvegetables still has to be increased significantly. Government created various instruments to achieve food diversification, such as Regulation of President No. 22, 2009 about Local Resources-based-Accelerating Food Consumption Diversification Policy, which further regulated by Ministry of Agriculture based on Regulation of Minister of Agriculture No. 43, 2009 about the action. Learning from past experience, simultaneous commitment and consistency from all stakeholders including legislative institution and media (newspaper, TV, radio, etc.) is important to implement. By having similar perception, right action and consistency in implementation, food diversification is no longer being a dream.Keywords: food diversification, food consumption, community
KONSUMSI MINUMAN DAN PREFERENSINYA PADA REMAJA DI JAKARTA DAN BANDUNG Briawan, Dodik; ., Hardinsyah; ., Marhamah; ., Zulaikhah; Aries, M.
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 34, No 1 (2011): Maret 2011
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36457/gizindo.v34i1.100

Abstract

Studi ini adalah cross-sectionalyangdilakukan di Jakarta (pantai) dan di Bandung (pegunungan) dengan suhu  rata-rata  harian  masing  masing  adalah  28 C  dan  22 C.  Sampel  dipilih  secara  acak  dari  sekolah berturut-turut  sebanyak  masing  masing  110  orang  dan 99  orang.  Data  dikumpulkan  melalui  pengisian kuesioner, dan recallselama satu minggu untuk konsumsi aneka jenis minuman. Sebagian besar (73,2%) remaja di Bandung lebih menyukai air minum tanpa kemasan. Namun kebiasaan tersebut berbeda untuk di Jakarta, yaitu proporsi remaja yang mengkonsumsiair minum tanpa kemasan relatif sama dengan air kemasan (52,3% dan 47,7%). Rata-rata konsumsi air minum tanpa kemasan per hari secara signifikan lebihrendah  di  Jakarta  (934  mL)  daripada  di  Bandung  (1038  mL)  (p0,05),  sedangkan  air  minum  kemasan secara  signifikan  berbeda,  yaitu  berturut-turut  1138  mL  dan  452  mL  (p0,05).  Remaja  di  pantai mengonsumsi air minum 500-600 ml lebih banyak dibandingkan di pegunungan. Lebih dari 16 kelompok minuman lainnya yang terdiri dari berbagai jenis minuman yang dikonsumsi oleh remaja, sehingga total asupan minuman per hari secara signifikan lebih besar di Jakarta (2787 mL) daripada di Bandung (2196 mL)  (p0,05).  Meskipun  asupan  air  minum  (plain  water)  remaja  di  pegunungan  hanya  sekitar  1500  mL, namun rata-rata total asupan cairan di kedua daerahsudah lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan anjuran minum air (PUGS) sebanyak 2 liter.Kata kunci: konsumsi minuman, preferensi minuman, asupan cairan, remaja
PERAN BEBERAPA ZAT GIZI MIKRO DALAM SISTEM IMUNITAS ., Siswanto; ., Budisetyawati; Ernawati, Fitrah
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 36, No 1 (2013): Maret 2013
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36457/gizindo.v36i1.116

Abstract

Zat  gizi  mikro  adalah  vitamin  dan  mineral.  Salah  satu  peran  vitamin  dan  mineral  adalah  sebagai antioksidan yang mampu memperkuat  sistem daya tahan tubuh manusia (sistem imun).  Peran vitamin A banyak pada pemeliharaan sel epitel, dimana sel epitel merupakan salah satu jaringan tubuh yang terlibat di dalam fungsi  imunitas non-spesifik.  Vitamin E atau α-tokoferol mempunyai peran penting di membran eritrosit  dan  lipoprotein  plasma,  vitamin  ini  mampu  mempertahankan  integritas  membran  sel  karenavitamin  E  mempunyai  cincin  fenol  yang  mampu  memberikan  ion  hidrogennya  kepada  radikal  bebas.Demikian  pula  dengan  vitamin  C  sebagai  donor  elektron  sehingga  cepat  memutus  rantai  reaksi  SOR (Spesies Oksigen Reaktif) dan SNR (Spesies Nitrogen Reaktif). Selenium merupakan mineral kelumit yang penting untuk sintesis protein dan aktivitas enzim glutation peroksidase (GSH-PX). Selenium mempunyai peranan  sebagai katalisator dalam pemecahan peroksida yang terbentuk di dalam tubuh menjadi ikatan yang  tidak  bersifat  toksik.  Maka  karena  itu  kecukupan  zat  gizi  terutama  vitamin  dan  mineral  sangat diperlukan  dalam  mempertahankan  sistem  kekebalan  tubuh  yang  optimal  sebagai  upaya  preventif  agar selalu sehat.Kata kunci: zat gizi mikro, antioksidan, sistem kekebalan tubuh
DESAIN PENELITIAN SOUTH-EAST ASIAN NUTRITION SURVEY (SEANUTS) DI INDONESIA Sandjaja, nFN; Budiman, Basuki; Harahap, Heryudarini; Ernawati, Fitrah; Soekatri, Moesijanti; Widodo, Yekti; Sumedi, Edith; Sofia, Gustina; Effendi, Rustan; Syarief, Hidayat; Minarto, nFN
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 36, No 2 (2013): September 2013
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36457/gizindo.v36i2.136

Abstract

South-East Asian Nutrition Survey (SEANUTS) merupakan multi-center study yang dilakukan di Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand dan Vietnam yang diprakarsai oleh FrieslandCampina Belanda tahun 2011 untuk mengetahui besaran masalah gizi utama di masing-masing negara. SEANUTS merupakan studi komprehensif gizi yang mengumpulkan data antropometri gizi (berat, tinggi badan, tinggi duduk, lapisan lemak bawah kulit, lingkaran lengan atas, lebar lengan tangan, siku, lutut), biokimia gizi (vitamin A, D, Hb, ferritin, DHA), iodium urine, perkembangan mental/ kognitif dan motorik, aktivitas fisik, kualitas tulang, konsumsi makanan, dan morbiditas. Tulisan ini menjelaskan desain umum SEANUTS. Desain SEANUTS adalah studi potong lintang (cross-sectional). Sampel adalah anak umur 0,5-12,9 tahun sebanyak 7211 anak yang dipilih dengan metode two-stage randomized cluster sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, pengamatan, pengukuran, dan pemeriksaan sesuai dengan data yang dikumpulkan. Enumerator terlatih mengumpulkan data morbiditas, antropometri, aktivitas fisik, kualitas tulang, perkembangan mental dan kognisi, konsumsi makanan, urin. Pemeriksaan klinis oleh tenaga medis setempat, pengambilan darah oleh plebotomis. Tulisan-tulisan dalam nomor majalah ini berisi hasil deskriptif tentang besaran masalah gizi makro dan mikro di Indonesia, konsumsi makanan, aktivitas fisik, dan perkembangan mental, sedangkan tulisan ini menjelaskan desain umum SEANUTS
INDONESIAN NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN 1989-2005: POVERTY AND HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY, DIETARY DIVERSITY AND INFECTION: WHICH IS THE MOST IMPORTANT RISK? -, Atmarita; L. Tilden, Robert; Nur, Noor Nasry; Ghani, Ascobat; Widjajanto, RM
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 28, No 2 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36457/gizindo.v28i2.18

Abstract

STATUS GIZI ANAK INDONESIA 1989-2005 DAN FAKTOR RISIKO TERPENTINGIndonesia berhasil mengendalikan masalah gizi-mikro, kurang vitamin A (KVA) dan Gangguan Akibat Kurang Iodium (GAKI), dengan mengembangkan program-program yang berbasis komunitas. Namun demikian, kurang energi protein masih masalah. Walaupun besar masalah gizi berkurang cukup bermakna selama 25 tahun terakhir, namun risiko gagal tumbuh pada usia penyapihan berdampak pada semua sektor ekonomi dan menjadi kendala pertumbuhan ekonomi dan kualitas hidup. Makalah ini mengupas risiko faktor kemiskinan, keamanan pangan keluarga, keanekaragaman pangan dan infeksi penyakit terhadap gagal tumbuh anak Indonesia. Sumber data adalah hasil Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (SUSENAS) 1989-2005. Data yang diolah meliputi konsumsi rumahtangga, data kesehatan individu dari modul gizi. Status gizi diukur menurut Z-skor yang mengacu pada rujukan internasional, NCHS. Pengolahan menggunakan alat bantu komputer. Selama 10 tahun terakhir, status gizi anak Indonesia tidak berubah secara bermakna dan rendahnya cakupan ASI eksklusif merupakan penyebab penting. Proporsi ibu yang mengaku menyusui sampai 12 bulan sebesar 75 persen, tetapi makanan pendamping telah diperkenalkan terlalu dini. Ibu yang menyusui bayinya secara eksklusif hingga enam bulan sebesar 12 persen dan rendahnya berperan terhadap gagal tumbuh bayi pada bulan ke 4 sampai ke 18. Penyebab utama gagal tumbuh anak-anak tersebut adalah infeksi penyakit dan rendahnya konsumsi makanan padat energi. Pola dasar penyebab gagal tumbuh anak ini dijumpai pada semua kelompok ekonomi. Anak-anak kelompok kuintil ekonomi terbawah yang terbanyak anak yang gagal tumbuh, namun tiga kelompok di atasnya tidak jauh berbeda. Anak dalam kelompok ekonomi teratas, berhasil mengurangi risiko gagal tumbuh walau masih dalam pola umum gagal tumbuh dan dalam rentang satu simpang baku di bawah baku internasional. Sementara kelompok lain berada dalam rentang 1,5 simpang baku di bawah baku internasional. Masalah ekonomi bersama-sama dengan faktor sanitasi lingkungan, akses kepada air bersih dan pendidikan yang rendah merupakan penyebab yang dominan. Pergeseran prioritas pengeluaran sedikit saja akan berdampak pada status gizi karena hampir 70 persen pendapatan penduduk Indonesia di bawah satu dolar per orang per hari. Sejak program gizi dilimpahkan kepada kewenangan pemerintah daerah, penanganan masalah gizi menghadapi kendala keterbatasan jumlah dan ketrampilan tenaga pelaksana. Gagal tumbuh pada anak usia penyapihan menjadi tantangan yang berat bagi perbaikan gizi masyarakat di Indonesia. Kerjasama pemerintah, keterlibatan masyarakat dalam perencanaan, lembaga-lembaga non pemerintah, lembaga-lembaga donatur non pemerintah akan sangat berarti dalam menurunkan masalah ini.Katakunci: gagal-tumbuh, anak usia penyapihan, gizi masyarakat, kemiskinan.

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