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INDONESIA
GIZI INDONESIA
Published by DPP PERSAGI Jakarta
ISSN : 04360265     EISSN : 25285874     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Gizi Indonesia (Journal of The Indonesian Nutrition Association) is an open access, peer-reviewed and inter-disciplinary journal managed by The Indonesia Nutrition Association (PERSAGI). Gizi Indonesia (Journal of The Indonesian Nutrition Association) has been accredited by Indonesian Institute of Sciences since 2004. Gizi Indonesia aims to disseminate the information about nutrition, therefore it is expected that it can improve insight and knowledge in nutrition to all communities and academics. Gizi Indonesia (Journal of The Indonesian Nutrition Association) offers a specific forum for advancing scientific and professional knowledge of the nutrition field among practitioners as well as academics in public health and researchers
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 538 Documents
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ASUPAN NATRIUM PENDUDUK INDONESIA: Analisis Data Survei Konsumsi Makanan Individu (SKMI) 2014 Prihatini, Sri; Permaesih, Dewi; Julianti, Elisa Diana
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 39, No 1 (2016): Maret 2016
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Abstract

Hypertension, heart disease and stroke become a major cause of death in Indonesia. Many studies showed that there were a relationship between excess of sodium intake and the incidence of hypertension. Globally, excess of sodium intake were responsible for 1,7 million death from cardiovascular diseases. The Regulation of Minister of Heath of the Republic of Indonesia of the year of 2013 recommends to decrease sodium intake approximately 2 gram of sodium per day. This study aimed to estimate sodium intake among Indonesian population using Indonesian Food Consumption Survey data in 2014. Data collection used 24-hour recall method. Descriptive analysis was conducted using 145,360 subjects from 33 provinces in Indonesia. The study showed that the average sodium intake was 2764 mg/day, 52.7 percent of the population consumed more than 2000 mg/day, 73 percent sodium intake came from home-cooked meal and 23 percent from processed foods. Estimated 47,6 percent intake of sodium naturally occurred in foods and 52,4 percent from salt added into food. The average salt intake among Indonesian population aged 5 years and above has exceeded the recomendation limit.ABSTRAK  Saat ini hipertensi, jantung dan stroke menjadi penyebab utama kematian di Indonesia. Banyak penelitian menunjukkan kaitan antara asupan natrium dan kejadian hipertensi. Setiap tahunnya sekitar 1,7 juta kematian akibat penyakit kardiovaskular selalu dikaitkan dengan kelebihan assupan natrium. Mengingat dampak buruknya, WHO dan pemerintah Indonesia melalui Permenkes nomor 30 tahun 2013 merekomendasikan penurunan konsumsi garam di bawah 5 g per hari atau sekitar 2 g natrium per hari untuk mencegah kejadian hipertensi dan risiko penyakit jantung dan stroke. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai jumlah asupan natrium pada penduduk Indonesia dari data Survei Konsumsi Makanan Individu (SKMI) 2014. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode food recall 1x 24 jam. Analisis deskriptif dilakukan pada sampel sebanyak 145.360 orang, yang tersebar di 33 provinsi di Indonesia. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa rerata asupan natrium penduduk Indonesia sebesar 2764 mg/orang/hari. Sekitar 52,7 persen penduduk Indonesia mengonsumsi natrium > 2000 mg/hari. Sebanyak 73 persen natrium berasal dari makanan yang dimasak di rumah dan 23 persen dari makanan yang dibeli di luar rumah. Kontribusi asupan natrium berasal dari bahan makanan sebesar 47,6 persen dan 52,4 persen dari garam. Kesimpulan: Rata-rata asupan natrium penduduk Indonesia usia di atas 5 tahun sudah melebihi 2000 mg/hari atau melebihi batas yang dianjurkan.  Kata kunci: Asupan natrium, garam, penduduk Indonesia
PERANAN PROTEKTIF DAN NON-PROTECTIF NITRIC OXIDEs(NOs) PADA RESPON IMUN Budiman, Basuki
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 31, No 2 (2008): September 2008
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Abstract

THE ROLE OF PROTECTIVE AND NON-PROTECTIVE NITRIC OXIDES (NOs) IN IMMUNE RESPONSNitric oxides (NO), included in this term are radical NO., (ionic) NO-, NO, NO2, NO2-, NO3-, N2O3,N2O4, S-nitrosothiols, peroxynitrite (ONOO-), and nitrisyl-metal complex. NOs are radical substances which have characteristic both protective and non-protective immunity due to unable to distinguish pathogen DNA or host DNA. NO is by_product of arginine metabolism. NO plays roles in muscle relaxation to prevent platelets aggregation, as intra cell neurotransmitter, mediated macrophage of tumor cell and bacteria. The activity is under controlled by NO-synthetase (NOS) which has three isomers, namely NOS1 or neural NOS (nNOS), NOS2 or inducible NOS (iNOS) and NOS3 or endothelial NOS (eNOS). The role of iNOS/NO in immune system could be as a protective and non-protective which work simultaneously and depend on the immune system equilibrium. The function of iNOS/NO is as regulator and effector. As regulator the function includes change of lymphocyte from proliferation and modulated cytokine response. As effector the function includes necrosis and immnunoprotective activities. The main target of NO 2 toxicity is lungs but depends on the concentration of toxicity and duration of exposure to the targetKeywords: arginine, immonology, NOS, nitric oxide, protective
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN MALTODEKSTRIN DALAM MINUMAN ELEKTROLIT TERHADAP DAYA TAHAN JANTUNG-PARU ATLET SEPAK BOLA Amin, Nur; Susanto, Hardhono; Rahfiludin, M. Zen
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 40, No 2 (2017): September 2017
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Abstract

Latihan maksimal, status hidrasi, dan pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi yang baik dapat meningkatkan daya tahan jantung paru. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh penambahan maltodekstrin dalam minuman elektrolit terhadap daya tahan jantung paru atlet sepak bola selama latihan. Penelitian ini adalah quasi- experiment dengan desain crossover pada 17 atlet PPLP sepak bola Jawa Tengah Tahun 2015. Penelitian berlangsung selama 6 minggu, pada saat latihan atlet diberikan minuman elektrolit sebanyak 4x300 mL pada menit ke-30, 60, 90 dan 120 kemudian dilakukan tes daya tahan jantung paru. Kelompok perlakuan diberikan minuman elektrolit yang ditambah 4x18 g maltodekstrin sedangkan kelompok kontrol hanya diberikan minuman elektrolit. Pengukuran yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini meliputi berat badan, tinggi badan, IMT, persentase lemak tubuh, BMR, asupan mineral dan zat gizi makro, dan daya tahan jantung paru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan daya tahan jantung paru atlet sepak bola sesudah diberikan maltodekstrin (51,05 + 3,160 menjadi 51,60 + 3,286 mL/kg BB/menit) (p=0,001). Peningkatan daya tahan jantung paru pada kelompok perlakuan (0,55 + 0,126 mL/kg BB/menit) lebih tinggi dari pada kelompok kontrol (0,18 + 0,031 mL/kg BB/menit) dengan nilai  p=0,02. IMT, persentase lemak tubuh, BMR, asupan mineral dan zat gizi makro tidak berkorelasi dengan daya tahan jantung paru. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian maltodekstrin sebanyak 4x18 g dalam 4x300 mL minuman elektrolit meningkatkan daya tahan jantung-paru atlet sepak bola selama latihan.ABSTRACTThe Effect of Additional Maltodextrin in Electrolyte Drinks to Cardiorespiratory Endurance in Soccer Athletes During ExerciseMaximum exercise, hydration status, and proper nutrition intake could improve the cardiorespiratory endurance. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of additional maltodextrin in the electrolyte drinks to cardiorespiratory endurance among soccer athletes during exercise. This quasi-experimental study used a crossover design on 17 soccer athletes of Central Java PPLP in 2015. The study had been  done during six weeks periods, during the exercise athletes were given 4x300 mL drink at 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes continued with cardiorespiratory endurance test. The control group was given only an electrolyte drink whereas the treatment group was given an electrolyte drink plus 18 gram maltodextrin. Measurements included body weight, body height, BMI, body fat percetage, BMR, minerals and macro nutrient intake, and cardiorespiratory endurance. The result showed that cardiorespiratory endurance of soccer athletes after giving maltodextrin increase significantly (51.0 + 3.16 to 51.6 + 3.28 mL/kg BW/min) (p=0.001). The result  showed that increasing of the cardiorespiratory endurance in treatment group (0.6 + 0.80 mL/kg BW/min) is significantly higher than control group (0.2 + 0.15 mL/ kg BW/min) with p=0.02. BMI, fat mass percentage, BMR, minerals and macro nutrient intakes have no correlation with cardiorespiratory endurance. It can be concluded that the giving maltodextrin as much as 4x18 g in 4x300 mL electrolyte drinks increased the cardiorespiratory endurance of soccer athletes during exercise. Keyword: maltodextrin, cardiorespiratory endurance, soccer athletes, electrolyte drink
THE EMERGENCE OF COMBINED STUNTING AND OBESITY AS A NUTRITIONAL THREAT TO CHILD DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA* ., Atmarita; Soendoro, Triono; Jahari, Abas B; ., Trihono; Tilden, Robert
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 32, No 2 (2009): September 2009
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Abstract

KEJADIAN MASALAH BALITA PENDEK BERSAMAAN DENGAN KEGEMUKAN MERUPAKAN ANCAMAN BAGI PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN ANAK DI INDONESIATahun 2007 Indonesia melakukan penilaian status gizi anak balita meliputi berat badan (BB) dantinggi badan (TB), sehingga variasi TB/U dan BB/TB dapat ditentukan. Penulis menelaah sebarankependekan dibandingkan dengan kekurusan pada anak-anak di berbagai wilayah diIndonesia, danmembandingkannya dengan risiko pendek dan kurus untuk menentukan apa dan bagaimanakebijakan baru dan intervensi gizi masyarakat dibutuhkan. Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas)2007/2008, yang merupakan survei potong-lintang berskala nasional, mencakup satu juta orang,termasuk penilaian status gizi 100.000 anak-anak prasekolah dengan menggunakan standarantropometri WHO 2005. Anak-anak dengan TB/U < -2 SD dianggap pendek, anak-anak dengan BB/TB< -2 SD dianggap kurus, dan anak-anak dengan BB/TB > 2 SD dianggap gemuk ( obese). Sekitar 37persen balita yang diukur ternyata pendek. Dua persen pendek dan kurus, 8 persen gemuk danpendek, 27,8 persen pendek tetapi tidak kurus atau gemuk. Risiko ini bervariasi menurut jeniskelamin, usia dan daerah. Saat ini Indonesia tidak mempunyai program gizi masyarakat yang terfokuspada masalah terlalu pendek atau terlalu gemuk. Secara jelas kependekan dan kegemukan adalahancaman utama pada pengembangan sumberdaya manusia di Indonesia. Kata kunci:anthropometric assessment, stunting, obesity
LENGTH OF PATERNAL EDUCATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH HEIGHT-FOR-AGE OF SCHOOL CHILDREN IN RURAL AREA OF SEPATAN TIMUR-TANGERANG Angkasa, Dudung; Sitoayu, Laras; Jus'at, Idrus
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 41, No 1 (2018): Maret 2018
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Abstract

Paternal educational status plays an important role in long-term nutritional status of children. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between paternal factors and school children nutritional status in rural setting, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study carried out in September  up to November 2015 involving 368 primary public school children in Sepatan Timur, Tangerang. Structured questionnaires were administered to parents, containing household characteristics such as length of school year, working status, number of siblings. Children weight and height were measured using a weighing scale and microtoise, respectively. Anthropometric indices, height-for-age (HAZ) and body mass index for-age (BAZ), were produced by using WHO-Antroplus. Children’s food intake and snacking habits were assessed using single 24 hours food recall and food frequency questionnaire, respectively. Others variables were physical activity and infectious disease history. Multiple regression analyses were employed to enquire research questions. Results indicated that children with father’s educational status less than 9 years had a significant 0.607 lower HAZ if compared to those educational status more or equal to 9 years after adjustment for mother’s schooling year, working status, number of household member, children’s history of diarrhea and physical activity status, sex, age and snacking frequency. Conclusion, father’s educational status was associated with height for age among school children in rural area of Sepatan Timur. ABSTRAK Pendidikan orang tua berperan penting dalam menentukan status gizi anak dalam jangka panjang. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis hubungan faktor orang tua dengan status gizi anak sekolah di wilayah pedesaan. Penelitian menggunakan desain potong lintang dilaksanakan selama September-November 2015 dengan melibatkan 368 anak sekolah dasar negeri di Sepatan Timur, Tangerang. Kuesioner terstruktur diberikan pada orang tua untuk mengetahui lama sekolah, status pekerjaan, dan jumlah anak. Berat dan tinggi badan akan diukur dengan timbangan badan dan microtoise kemudian dihitung indeks antropometri tinggi badan menurut umur (TB/U) dan indeks massa tubuh menurut umur (IMT/U). Konsumsi sampel dinilai dengan food recall 24 jam satu hari dan kuesioner frekuensi makanan. Variabel lain yang diamati ialah aktivitas fisik dan riwayat infeksi. Analisis Regresi berganda digunakan untuk menjawab tujuan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sampel dari ayah yang berpendidikan <9 tahun lebih rendah skor TB/U sebesar 0,607 poin dibandingkan sampel dari ayah yang berpendidikan >9 tahun setelah dikontrol lama pendidikan ibu, status pekerjaan, jumlah anak, riwayat diare, aktivitas fisik, jenis kelamin, umur dan frekuensi jajan anak. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pendidikan ayah yang rendah berhubungan dengan tinggi badan anak pada anak sekolah di wilayah pedesaan, Sepatan Timur. Kata kunci: pendidikan ayah, status gizi, anak sekolah, pedesaan
KANDUNGAN ASAM LEMAK, ZINK, DAN COPPER PADA TEMPE, BAGAIMANA POTENSINYA UNTUK MENCEGAH PENYAKIT DEGENERATIF? Utari, Diah M.
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 33, No 2 (2010): September 2010
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Abstract

FATTY FOOD, ZINC, AND COPPER CONTENTS IN TEMPE, HOW ITS POTENTIAL TO PREVENT DEGENERATIF DISEASES?Tempe is Indonesian traditional food that very popular, but its function has not been well informed by community. During the fermentation process, Rhizopus sp causes compositional changes in lipid, by hydrolysis more than one-third of fat of soybeans. The fatty acid composition that predominant in tempe composed by linoleic acid, oleic acid and linolenic acid. Tempe also contains minerals, namely Zn and Cu,that have role in increasing SOD antioxidant enzyme activity. The role of the enzyme is as a first barrier to free radical. Tempe could be considered as functional food which have benefit for address of lipid profile and prevent free radical which may reduce degenerative disease risk. Although there are no dietary recommendation of tempe for individual, it may a great benefit to consume tempe about 2-3 slice/day (100-150 g). It is better to cook with boiling or steaming to get maximal benefit of tempe for health.Key words: traditional food, tempe, fermentation
FAKTOR RISIKO SOSIAL EKONOMI, ASUPAN PROTEIN, ASUPAN ZAT BESI TERHADAP KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR Fajrin, Amalia; Sudargo, Toto; ., Waryana
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 35, No 1 (2012): Maret 2012
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Abstract

Anemia merupakan masalah kesehatan untuk semua umur termasuk anak usia sekolah. Dengan melihat besarnya  masalah  dan  prevalensinya,  anemia  menjadi  masalah  kesehatan  yang  serius  dan  perlu penanganan. Tingkat sosial ekonomi seperti pendapatan keluarga, pendidikan ibu dan pengetahuan ibu, mempengaruhi kemampuan keluarga untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gizi nya terutama protein dan zat besi. Tujuan  penelitian  ini  adalah  untuk  mengidentifikasi  faktor  sosial  ekonomi  sebagai  faktor resiko  anemia pada anak sekolah umur 9-13 tahun. Desain studi ini adalah case-control. Kelompok control adalah anak sekolah yang tidak anemia berjumlah 66, sedangkan kelompok kasus ditentukan berdasarkan identifikasi haemoglobin  konsentrasi  menggunakan  metoda   cyanmethemoglobin.  Sosial  ekonomi  keluarga  diambil dengan menggunakan daftar pertanyaan. Data asupan protein dan besi dikumpulkan melalui recall 24 jam. Data diolah dengan menggunakan test chi square untuk mengidentifikasi faktor resiko. Hasil ujia statistik menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan ibu merupakan faktor resiko terjadinya anemia pada anak sekolah  (OR =  4.14;  95%  CI  1.38  to  12.3),  demikian  juga  pendapatan  keluarga  (OR  =  1.98;  95%  CI  =  0.575  to  6.837).Pendidikan ibu  (OR = 1.42; 95% CI = 0.434 to 4.682),  asupan  protein (OR = 1.24; 95% CI = 0.408 -  3.798), dan zat besi  (OR = 3.9; 95% CI = 0.457 to 34.54)  bukan merupakan  factors  resiko terjadinya  anemia  pada anak  anak  sekolah  dasar.  Dapat  disimpulkan  bahwa  pengetahuan  ibu  yang  rendah  adalah  merupakan faktor resiko terjadinya    anemia  pada anak sekolah dasar.  Pendapatan keluarga, pendidikan ibu, asupan protein, dam asupan zat besi adalah bukan merupakan faktor resiko pada anak sekolah dasar.Kata kunci: anemia, sosio ekonomi, asupan, protein, zat besi, anak sekolah dasar
STATUS VITAMIN A DAN ZAT BESI ANAK INDONESIA Ernawati, Fitrah; Sandjaja, nFN; Soekatri, Moesijanti
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 36, No 2 (2013): September 2013
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Abstract

Zat besi dan vitamin A mempunyai peran penting dalam pertumbuhan anak. Kekurangan kedua zat gizi tersebut mempunyai dampak yang luas terhadap, tumbuh kembang anak. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status anemia dan status vitamin A anak Indonesia. SEANUTS adalah survai status gizi anak 0,5-12,9 tahun multi-center study dengan rancangan potong lintang yang dilaksanakan pada tahun 2011 di Indonesia yang mencakup 48 kabupaten/kota. Data yang dikumpulkan antara lain biokimia darah, termasuk hemoglobin, ferritin, dan vitamin A serum. Penentuan kadar hemoglobin dengan Cyanmethemoglobin, ferritin dengan ELISA, kadar serum vitamin A menggunakan HPLC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi anemia tertinggi ditemukan pada kelompok umur 0,5-0,9 tahun yang tinggal di perdesaan yaitu 61,9 persen dibandingkan pada kelompok umur 9,0-12,9 tahun yaitu 11,4 persen. Demikian pula dengan prevalensi kurang besi, pada kelompok umur 1,0 - 2,9 tahun sebesar 29,7 persen, sedangkan pada kelompok umur 9,0-12,9 tahun hanya 5,3 persen. Prevalensi kekurangan vitamin A di perkotaan, pada kelompok umur 1,0-2,9 tahun tidak dijumpai masalah kurang vitamin A (0,0 persen), namun di perdesaan dijumpai sebanyak 3,1 persen, sementara itu pada kelompok usia 9,0-12,9 tahun di perkotaan dijumpai sebesar 4,9 persen dan di perdesaan sebesar 4,8 persen. Anemia masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat dengan kategori berat terutama pada anak di bawah usia 3 tahun. Kekurangan zat besi lebih banyak ditemui pada anak kelompok usia dibawah 3 tahunABSTRACT VITAMIN A AND IRON STATUS OF INDONESIAN CHILDREN The aim of this study was to identify the iron and vitamin A status in Indonesian children. SEANUTS Indonesia covered children of age 0.5-12.9 years old from 48 sub-districts. The study collected biochemical parameters which included iron, ferritin and serum vitamin A status.  Hemoglobin was determined by Cyanmethemoglobin, ferritin by ELISA and serum vitamin A serum by HPLC. The prevalence of anemia was lower (11.4 %) in the older children (9.0-12.9 years) compared to younger children (0.5-0.9 years) were 61.9 % which was found in the rural area. Similarly, the prevalence of iron deficiency was lower (5.3 %) in the older children (9.0-12.9 years) compared to younger children (0.5-0.9 years) were 29.7 % which was found in the rural area. In contrast, the prevalence of retinol deficiency was higher (4.9 %) in the older children (9.0-12.9 years) compared to younger children (0.5-0.9 years) were 0,0 % which was found in the urban area, and it was higher (4.8 %) in the older children (9.0-12.9 years) compared to younger children (0.5-0.9 years) were 3.1 % which was found in the rural area.  Anemia among children under 3 years old remains a severe public health problem. Iron deficiency more prevalent among children under 3 years oldKeywords: vitamin A status, iron status, Indonesian children
PERANAN PEMBERIAN MAKANAN TAMBAHAN PADA ANAK UMUR 6 – 23 BULAN PADA SAAT KRISIS EKONOMI -, Sandjaja; Mulyati, Sri; Saidin, M.; -, Suhartato; Widodo, Yekti
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 28, No 1 (2005): Maret 2005
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Abstract

THE IMPACT OF FOOD SUPPLEMENTATION FOR CHILDREN AGED 6-23 MONTHS DURING ECONOMIC CRISISSupplementary feeding program (PMT) for children aged 6-23 months of poor families (Gakin) is a sub-component of Social Safety Net – Health Sector (SSN-HS) following economic crisis that hit Indonesia the end of 1997. It is intended to provide additional food and prevent deteriorating impact of nutritional status of the target. The main objective of the study was to determine the impact of PMT for children on malnutrition and growth as compared with that for children not receiving PMT. The design of the study is case control. Case was children of poor family who had or ever had received PMT for three months provided by SSN-HS in the last six months. Control was children of near poor families but who had never received PMT. Matching criteria for case and control were age, sex, and residence of the family. The study was conducted in West Java, Central Java, South Kalimantan covering 1014 cases and 1014 controls and their families. Data on child collected were current weight and height, and retrospective weight in the last 10 months. Other data collected were characteristics of chlidren and therir families including socioeconomic status, clinical examination, dietary intake including food suplement. Program implementation of PMT varied among study areas on selection criteria for child beneficiaries in addition to poor families, duration of PMT, method of distribution, type of food. There were similar characteristics between case and control in age, sex, breastfeeding, morbidity except for socioeconomic status of the family, age of father, educational attainment of parents. Foods distributed for 6-11 month old samples included supplementary food, foodstuff, cooked (rice/flour porridge+egg). Foods for 12-23 month old samples more varied than food suplement for 6-11 months old children. Nutrient content of food distributed was 268 Kcal for energy and 9.2 grams protein, below the recommended nutrient content of PMT 360-430 Kcal and 9-15 grams protein. Dietary intake were similar in both groups consisting of energy around 46% RDA and protein 67-73% RDA (excluding breast milk). This finding shows that part of PMT became substitute rather than supplement. Cases had significantly lower nutritional status in W/A and H/A anthropometric indices than control except for W/H. Growth pattern as analyzed using retrospective data found that there was faltering growth pattern in both groups. Period between three months prior to PMT to the baseline showed that more decreasing Z-score was significantly (repeated measures of ANOVA) greater in case than in control group. Three months during PMT, there was still further decreasing mean Z-score in both groups although it was not as great as three months before. This finding showed that PMT was able to prevent deteriorating nutritional status among child beneficiaries of poor families but was not able to improve their nutritional status.Keywords: food suplementation, economic crisis
ANTROPOMETRI WANITA PRA HAMIL DAN PENGARUHNYA PADA PERTAMBAHAN BERAT BADAN SELAMA KEHAMILAN DI KECAMATAN BOGOR TENGAH, KOTA BOGOR Irawati, Anies; Susilowati, Andi
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 37, No 2 (2014): September 2014
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Abstract

Kehidupan janin dalam kandungan merupakan tahap peratama 1000 hari kehidupan yang menentukan kualitas manusia dimasa depan. Pertambahan berat badan ibu selama kehamilan merupakan indikator status gizi ibu hamil dan janin, yang tergantung pada status gizi ibu sebelum hamil. Ukuran antropometri ibu pra mil merupakan indikator yang mudah dan valid untuk prediksi status gizi ibu hamil. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menilai perbedaan pertambahan berat badan ibu selama kehamilan menurut ukuran antropometri berisiko (tinggi badan < 150 cm, berat badan sebelum hamil < 45 kg, indeks massa tubuh sebelum hamil < 18,5 kg/m2 dan lingkar lengan atas < 23,5 cm). Penelitian kohor prospektif dilakukan pada 401 ibu sejak sebelum ibu hamil sampai anak dilahirkan dan berumur sedikitnya 23 bulan di Kecamatan Bogor Tengah, Kota Bogor yang dilakukan sejak tahun 2012 sampai sekarang. Berat badan dan lingkar lengan atas ibu di ukur setiap bulan, dan tinggi badan di ukur ketika responden dinyatakan hamil oleh bidan. Perbedaan pertambahan berat badan menurut ukuran antropometri berisiko dianalisis menggunakan uji T. Hasil menunjukkan bahwapertambahan berat badan ibu selama kehamilan lebih rendah secara bermakna pada ibu dengan ukuran antropometri berisiko (berat badan sebelum hamil < 45 kg, tinggi badan < 150 cm, IMT sebelum hamil < 18,5 kg/m2, LiLA < 23,5 cm). Selisih terbesar adalah pada ibu dengan berat badan sebelum hamil < 45 kg (3,5 kg dari standar IOM 2009). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa berat badan ibu sebelum hamil merupakan indikator untuk pertambahan berat badan ibu selama kehamilan. Disarankan pada ibu yang memulai kehamilan dengan berat badan < 45 kg perlu pemantauan berkala lebih ketat agar pertambahan berat badan selama kehamilan sesuai anjuran dapat terpenuhi. ABSTRACT  THE MEASUREMENT OF ANTROPOMETRY IN PREGNANT WOMEN AND ITS IMPACT TO THE INCREASE OF BODY WEIGHT DURING PREGNANCY IN CENTRAL BOGOR SUBDISTRICT, BOGOR CITY Maternal anthropometry measurement is a valid indicator for predicting pregnancy weight gain. The objective of the study is to evaluate the difference in weight gain during pregnancy according to maternal anthropometric measurement Prospective cohort study was applied tof 401 pregnant women from pre pregnancy until giving birth in the District Central Bogor, Bogor City since 2012 until now. Weight and mid arm circumference measured every month, and the height is measured one time. The difference in weight gain according maternal anthropometry measurement analyzed using T-test. The results showed that maternal weight gain during pregnancy was significantly lower in women with pre pregnancy body weight <45 kg, height <150 cm, BMI before pregnancy < 18.5 kg / m2, MUAC <23.5 cm. In conclusion, maternal antropometry measurement before pregnancy is an indicator of maternal weight gain during pregnancy. It is suggested that Women who start pregnancy with anthropometry measurement less than 45 kg need regular monitoring more frequent in order to achieve weight gain as recommended.Keywords: anthropometry, body weight, pregnancy

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