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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,520 Documents
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Effervescent Tablet Formulation for Appetite Stimulation with Extracts of Temulawak, Pegagan, Lempuyang Wangi, and Sweet Fennel Sugito, Esther Shirley; Sulastri, Titin; Suwitono, Marvel Reuben
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7894

Abstract

The study develops an effervescent tablet formulation with a combination of extracts from temulawak, pegagan, lempuyang wangi, and sweet fennel to increase appetite. Such underweight conditions always lead to a lot of health burdens, like a poor immune system and stunted growth, which makes it highly relevant to have an effective appetite stimulant. The aim of this study is to test the acceptability and effectiveness of the sweeteners (i.e., cane sugar, stevia, and maltodextrin) used in the tablets. The results indicate that all tablet formulations (F1, F2, and F3) passed the granule and physical tablet tests, demonstrating that all variants are of good quality. Moreover, the well-structured formulation process and selection of ingredients in their natural form make the product safe for consumption and effective, hence a really good alternative for improving one's appetite naturally. The present study provides evidence for the role that potentially existing herbal remedies from traditional knowledge may play in their modern applications, nutraceuticals, and improved public health via a simple and effortless means of stimulating appetite.
Estimation of Carbon Content in Mangrove Stands in The Santong Bay Mangrove Ecotourism Area Sumbawa Regency Safitri, Desti Suci; Latifah, Sitti; Valentino, Niechi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7917

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the vegetation composition, estimate biomass content, and examine carbon storage in mangrove stands in the Mangrove Ecotourism Area of Teluk Santong. The research employs a descriptive method to provide insights into natural phenomena or community relations by studying existing issues based on collected data, which is then processed through data presentation, analysis, and drawing conclusions. *Rhizophora apiculata* species dominate the mangrove area, with the highest Importance Value Index (IVI) for tree level reaching 365.50%. The estimated carbon stored in the mangrove stands is 3.07 tons/ha, with a biomass of 6.53 tons/ha and carbon dioxide storage of 76.52 tonsCO₂/ha. Carbon storage in a particular mangrove species increases with the growth in individual tree diameter. *Rhizophora apiculata* has higher density, diameter, and biomass values than *Avicennia alba*. Additionally, the CO₂ absorption capacity of *Rhizophora apiculata* is much higher than that of *Avicennia alba*, reaching 69 tons CO₂/ha.
Potential of Kopasanda Leaf Ethanol Extract as Anti-Hyperglycemia Hartati; Sahribulan, Sahribulan; Duprah, Nur Awaliah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7921

Abstract

Indonesia has various types of plants that grow and spread naturally that have the potential as medicinal plants. Plants that are commonly used by the community as medicinal ingredients are kopasanda (Chromolaena odorata L.) or known as kirinyu. Kopasanda leaves contain several main compounds such as tannins, phenols, flavonoids, saponins and steroids. Essential oils from the leaves contain isomers of α-pinene, cadinene, camphora, limonene, β-caryophyllene and candinol. The flavonoid group has antioxidant activity including flavones, flavonols, isoflavols, isoflavones, cathexins, and chalcones, so that kopasanda leaves are rich in antioxidants that can lower blood glucose levels. According to the above description, the researcher will investigate the potential benefits of kopasanda leaf ethanol extract as an anti-hyperglycemia agent in mice. In this study, kopasanda leaves are extracted using an ethanol solvent, and the effect of the extract on the blood glucose levels of mice is tested. According to the findings, kopasanda leaf ethanol extract at a dose of 150 mg/kgBW significantly reduced blood glucose levels by 54.99%. The administration of kopasanda leaf extract significantly lowers blood glucose levels in mice, according to the findings. The ethanol extract of kopasanda leaves at a concentration of 150% is the most effective at lowering blood glucose levels, with a 54.99% reduction.
Vegetation Characteristics of The Nesting Area of The Orange-Footed Scrubfowl (Megapodius reinwardt) In Tunak Mountain Natural Tourism Park Central Lombok District Wardani, Heny; Yamin, M.; Khairuddin, Khairuddin
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7924

Abstract

Orange-footed scrubfowl (Megapodius reinwardt) is a protected species and needs to be preserved. They build mounds using leaves, twigs, plant litter and soil. The importance of plant vegetation around the Orange-footed scrubfowl nesting area while until this research was conducted no one had examined plant vegetation in Orange-footed scrubfowl nesting area became the background of this research. The data collection method of this research is by using the plotted method. Variables in this study include plant vegetation (tree diameter, number of individuals and tree species) and environmental data including temperature, humidity and light intensity. The results showed that the vegetation of Orange-footed scrubfowl nesting area in TWA Gunung Tunak has differences in species between one nest and another, but there are still many similar species. The diversity index shows that the vegetation around the nest is not diverse, ranging from 11-15 species with high dominance evenness. The species similarity index between inside the nest and outside the nest is high. This is also influenced by environmental factors that are not too different from one nest and another. Based on the results of the research that has been done, it is concluded that the vegetation of the gosong bird nesting area in the red foot of TWA Gunung Tunak has differences in species between one nest and another, but there are still many similar species.
Improving Fertilization Efficiency through Biochar Application and the Development of Superior Varieties of Red Chili Peppers Permana, Indra; Intan Nurcahya; Abdul Hakim; Romy Faisal Mustofa; Dewi, Tirta Kumala
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7937

Abstract

Soil quality improvement can be achieved through the application of soil ameliorants such as Biochar. Developing superior varieties that are efficient in fertilization is also an effort to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. This study aims to improve fertilization efficiency through the application of Biochar and the development of hybrid large red chili varieties at Siliwangi University. The research method used a Split-split plot design, consisting of large red chili varieties as the main plot, Biochar dosage treatment as the sub-plot, and different doses of inorganic fertilizers as the sub-sub plot. The main plot treatment consisted of four levels: Baja Variety (V1), UNSIL-01 (V2), UNSIL-02 (V3), and UNSIL-03 (V4). The sub-plot had two levels: without Biochar (B0) and 10 tons/ha of Biochar (B1). The inorganic fertilizer treatment consisted of three levels: 25% (P1), 50% (P2), and 75% (P3) of the standard dose. Each treatment was repeated three times, resulting in 72 research plots. The slow pyrolysis of coconut shell produced biochar with an average efficiency of 33.7% based on the dry weight of the feedstock. Optimal pyrolysis conditions, with temperatures ranging between 275°C and 485°C over 6 to 9 hours. Among the tested chili varieties, UNSIL-03 (V4) and Baja (V1) showed the highest growth performance, particularly in height and stem diameter, in biochar-amended soil. The application of 25% of the standard inorganic fertilizer dose, in combination with biochar, was sufficient to achieve optimal plant growth across most varieties, especially Baja (V1) and UNSIL-03 (V4).
Optimization of Vaname Shrimp Growth (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Feeding with The Addition of Moringa Leaf Extract (Moringa oleifera Lam) Naban, Sulthon Hamid Faros; Lumbessy, Salnida Yuniarti; Rahmadani, Thoy Batun Citra
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7938

Abstract

The addition of moringa leaf extract is one way to increase the production of vaname vaname shrimp farming. Moringa leaves are considered as feed supplements because they contain active compounds that are beneficial for shrimp growth. This study aims to analyze the growth of shrimp vaname on feeding supplemented with moringa leaf extract. The method used in this study is an experimental method using a complete randomized design (RAL) with 4 treatments and 3 repetitions.  Shrimp used is the size of PL 25 and maintained for 50 days parameters measured include absolute weight, absolute length, SGR, molting frequency, survival rate (SR) and water quality parameters. The Data obtained were analyzed by statistical ANOVA test and then tested by DUNCAN test, as well as descriptive water quality parameters in anasis. The results showed that phytochemical compounds identified in moringa leaf extract are flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and phenolics. The addition of moringa leaf extract with different extraction time in commercial feed affects the growth, molting frequency and survival rate of vaname shrimp, but does not affect the absolute length of vaname shrimp. Moringa leaf extract with 60 Minutes extraction time is the best treatment with antioxidant content of 66.78% and vitamin C 133.76 mg / 100g so that it can increase the absolute weight of vanname shrimp by 2.4 g, specific growth rate of 0.052% / day, molting frequency of 2.0 times / head and survival rate of 67%.
The Economic Value of Candlenut Utilization in the Batudulang Village Forest Area, Batu Lanteh Subdistrict, Sumbawa Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Apriara, Lisa; Markum, Markum; Setiawan, Budhy
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7952

Abstract

This study aims to identify the various uses of non-timber forest products (NTFPs), specifically candlenuts, and to analyze the economic value of candlenuts utilized by the community of Batudulang Village, Batulanteh Subdistrict, Sumbawa Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. The study is expected to serve as a basis for consideration and evaluation for forest managers, enabling them to make informed decisions and establish appropriate policies to improve the management system of the area. This research employs a descriptive method using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The respondents were determined using a census method, with a total of 23 respondents participating in the study. The results of the study show that the respondents, who are members of the Sumber Alam Business Group (KUB), utilize candlenuts in three forms: whole nuts, shelled nuts (oce), and candlenut oil. The analysis of the economic value of candlenuts utilized by the members of the Sumber Alam KUB reveals that the average annual income per person from whole candlenuts is IDR 19.979.501, from shelled nuts (oce) is IDR 38.250.000, and from candlenut oil is IDR 1,700,000.
Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extract of Butterfly Leaf (Bauhinia Purpurea L.) with Maceration Extraction Method Surendro, Yasmeen Nazhifah Amani; Nasution , Muhammad Amin; Lubis, Minda Sari; Pulungan, Anili Fithri
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7963

Abstract

The butterfly plant (Bauhinia purpurea L.) is a plant widely used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments. The butterfly plant's leaves have medicinal properties. The leaves of butterfly plants contain bioactive chemicals that can be employed as natural antibacterial and antioxidant agents. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ethanol extract of butterfly leaves' antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Butterfly leaf extract was obtained using a maceration process with 96% ethanol solvent. Antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl) and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) techniques, with ascorbic acid as a comparator. The disc paper diffusion method was used to test the antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The DPPH method has an IC50 value of 27.5484 µg/ml with a very strong category, while the FRAP method has an IC50 value of 72.9311 µg/ml with a strong category. Butterfly leaf extract showed antibacterial efficacy against Streptococcus mutans bacteria at all doses, with maximum inhibition seen at an extract concentration of 50% (inhibition zone diameter: 16.3 mm ± 0.81). The study's findings suggest that butterfly leaf extract works well as a natural antibacterial and antioxidant.
Antagonistic Test of Endophytic Bacteria of Chili Pepper Roots Producing Siderophores and Hydrolase Enzymes against Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Ralstonia Solanacearum Hidayati, Siti Nur Isnaini; Zulkifli, Lalu; Sedijani, Prapti; Rasmi, Dewa Ayu Citra
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7966

Abstract

This study aims to test the ability of endophytic bacterial isolates of cayenne pepper roots (Capsicum frutescens) to produce siderophore compounds and protease enzymes and to test the antagonistic activity of endophytic bacterial isolates in controlling the growth of plant pathogenic bacteria (Ralstonia solanacearum). The stages in this study are isolation of endophytic bacteria from cayenne pepper roots, siderophore production test, protease enzyme activity test, and biochemical and physiological characterization of potential endophytic bacteria, antagonistic test of endophytic bacteria against the growth of Ralstonia solanacearum bacteria. Endophytic bacteria were isolated from cayenne pepper plant roots taken from Selong, East Lombok. Characterization of siderophore-producing isolates used the Arnow test method. The activity of bacterial protease enzymes was tested qualitatively on Skim Milk Agar solid media. The antagonistic activity test of endophytic bacteria against pathogenic bacteria was carried out using the Kirby-Bauer diffusion method. Characterization of endophytic bacteria was carried out by observing colony morphology, Gram staining, and biochemical tests. There were 3 isolates that were able to produce siderophores (catecholate type) with codes EC5, EC12, and EC15. Six isolates showed protease enzyme activity with codes EC3, EC4, EC5, EC7, EC11, and EC15, with the highest Proteolytic Index (2.02) shown by isolate EC4. There were 3 isolates that were able to inhibit the growth of Ralstonia solanacearum (EC4, EC5, and EC15), with the highest inhibitory power shown by isolate EC15 (3.67 mm). The results of the study indicate that endophytic bacteria from cayenne pepper plant roots have the potential as biopesticides in the future.
Exploration of P-Solubilizing and IAA-producing Rhizobacteria from Saline Environments: Their Effects on Vigna radiata Growth-promotion Utami, Ni Wayan Anggun Diah; Zulkifli, Lalu; Rasmi, Dewa Ayu Citra; Sedijani, Prapti
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7968

Abstract

Rhizobacteria that are able to dissolve P and produce IAA can be used as component of biofertilizers to help increase plant growth, which can be a more environmentally friendly fertilizer alternative compared to chemical fertilizers. Rhizobacteria originating from sub-optimal environments have the potential to overcome environmental stress such as osmotic stress. To obtain potential isolates that can be used as biofertilizer, exploration of the rhizosphere of the sentigi (Pemphis acidula) has been carried out from the coast of Gili Sulat, Lombok. The method for isolating and selecting IAA producing bacteria was carried out using the colorimetric test method, while for the P solubilization ability, it was carried out by growing rhizobacteria on Pikovskaya media. Isolate PA6 with the highest IAA producing ability (21 ppm) and PL4 with the highest P solubilizing ability (20.9 ppm), were tested for their effect on the growth-promotion of Vigna radiata cultured on Murphy agar media by measuring the parameters of plant height, root length, fresh weight, and plant dry weight. Based on the One Way ANOVA statistical analysis with a p value ≤ 0.05, it showed that the inoculation of IAA-producing and P solvent rhizobacteria was proven to be able to have a significant effect with significantly different results on increasing plant dry weight. In the future, the isolate obtained can be developed into a biofertilizer component that can be applied in saline and dryland agriculture.

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