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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,520 Documents
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Impact of Blood Disease Bacteria Spread and Economic Losses from Banana Supply Chain Process in Ngada Regency Mau, Maria Clara; Bao, Antonia Paulina; Uta, Maria Edmunda; Limbu, Umbu N.; Widinugraheni, Sri
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10628

Abstract

Ngada Regency is one of the regencies in Flores that produces bananas, especially plantains. Kepok banana production has declined over the past four years due to the spread of banana blood disease (BDB). The decrease in harvest yields has resulted in economic losses in the region. This research aims to determine the transportation and distribution mechanisms of banana harvest yields and the handling of bananas in Ngada Regency, the impact of blood disease bacteria on banana transportation and handling, and the economic losses at the farmer producer level, as well as the banana supply chain in Ngada Regency. Additionally, it aims to map the distribution of blood disease bacteria in Ngada Regency. This research employed a qualitative approach using a case study methodology. The data collection techniques in this study consist of three methods: observation, interviews, and documentation. Data from the observation of banana land affected by disease will be displayed in the QGIS mapping program, while data on distribution and transportation mechanisms, handling, economic losses, and the banana supply chain will be analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The area of banana plantations affected by disease in 2025 is 2,453.21 hectares, covering all areas in Ngada Regency. Traders and distributors supply kepok bananas from the eastern regions of Flores Island, namely Sikka Regency (Maumere) and East Flores Regency (Larantuka), and then sell them to Ngada, Ende, and Manggarai at high prices. Handling of unpackaged bananas is done by covering them directly with tarpaulins during distribution. Banana farmers experienced a drastic economic loss, with a 100% decrease in yield, while traders/collectors saw a 50% decrease in yield and distributors experienced a 63% decrease in yield. The spread of BDB disease has extended throughout the Ngada region, resulting in economic losses for banana farmers, collectors/traders, and distributors. To meet the banana supply chain, bananas are distributed from the Sikka and East Flores Regency.
Analysis of the Physical and Chemical Properties of Petung Bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) Charcoal Briquettes Jannah, Nurul; Rini, Dwi Sukma; Lestari, Dini
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10629

Abstract

Bamboo is a very abundant resource with high diversity. There are 157 types of bamboo in Indonesia, one of which is petung bamboo. Petung bamboo is used as raw material for handicrafts and construction, but much of it remains unused and becomes waste, making it a potential alternative fuel source such as bio-briquettes. This study aims to determine the effect of compression pressure on the characteristics of petung bamboo charcoal briquettes and to determine the suitability of the quality of petung bamboo charcoal briquettes according to SNI 01-6235-2000. The research design used was a non-factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with compression pressure factors consisting of 200 psi, 350 psi, and 500 psi. The conversion of bamboo biomass into charcoal was carried out using the pyrolysis method with a drum kiln. The results showed that the highest average density value was found in treatment T3, which was 0.53 g/cm3, while the lowest average density value of charcoal briquettes was found in treatment T1, which was 0.44 g/cm3. Based on SNI, the moisture content that met the SNI standard was found in treatment T2 (350 psi) < 8%. The ash content of all treatments of charcoal briquettes meets the standard of < 8%, the volatile matter content of all treatments of charcoal briquettes does not meet the standard of <15%, and the calorific value of all treatments of charcoal briquettes meets the standard of > 5000 cal/g. Compression pressure does not affect the characteristics of petung bamboo charcoal briquettes. All characteristics of petung bamboo charcoal briquettes in this study met the SNI No. 01-623-2000 standard, except for the volatile matter content and moisture content at pressures T1 (200 psi) and T2 (350 psi).
Insect Diversity and Intensity of Leaf Caterpillar (Plutella xylostella) Attacks on Nita F1 Variety Kailan Plants with the Application of Several Vegetable Pesticides Fitriani, Laela; Siriyah, Siti Latifatus; Laksono, Rommy Andhika
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10637

Abstract

Pest attacks are an important problem in vegetable cultivation practices. Pest control using synthetic pesticides is still widely used, but excessive use has a negative impact on human health and the environment, one of which is insect diversity. As an alternative to pest control, pesticides can be used with active ingredients that are secondary metabolites from plants or commonly called plant pesticides. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of vegetable pesticides on insect diversity and the intensity of leaf caterpillar pest attacks on kailan plants. The method used is an experimental method using a single-factor Random Group Design (RAK) consisting of 5 treatments and 5 replicates. These treatments include K (Control), PP (Papaya Leaf Pesticide), PM (Neem Leaf Pesticide), PB (Babanandan Leaf Pesticide), and PS (Synthetic Pesticide). Insect sampling was done 4 times at 7-28 hst with an interval of 7 days using slope pifall traps, yellow board traps and insect nets. The data was analyzed using ANOVA variety analysis and a follow-up test of BNT at 5%.  The results of the variance analysis showed that the PP treatment was able to maintain diversity with an index value of H'= 2.689 and an abundance of 369.800. PP treatment gave the lowest caterpillar attack intensity value ranging from 0.833% – 15,000%, which is a plant-based pesticide treatment with results close to synthetic pesticide treatment. Therefore, papaya leaf plant pesticides can be recommended as an alternative pesticide to maintain diversity and suppress the intensity of pest attacks in kailan cultivation.
Eggs Fertility, and Hatchability of Kampong Hens Inseminated Using Brahma, Cochin, and Bangkok Roosters Semen Asnawi, Asnawi; Maskur, Maskur; Dradjat, Adji Santoso
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10641

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to evaluate Brahma, Cochin, Bangkok roosters spermatozoa quality and compare fertility and hatch-ability following insemination into Kampong hens. The semen quality was evaluated using a completely random design of three strains of the rooster with 5 replications. The results showed that spermatozoa concentrations of Brahma, Cochin, and Bangkok rooster were 1252.0± 7.92x106, 1140.0± 5.83x106, and 1304.0± 12.28x106 respectively (p >0.05). The percentage of motility of Brahma, Cochin, and Bangkok spermatozoa was 72 ± 2.74 %, 74 ± 2.24 %, and 73 ± 2.74 % respectively (p>0.05). The percentage viability of spermatozoa of Brahma, Cochin, and Bangkok were 99.2 ± 1.30 %, 99.4 ± 0.55 % dan 99.2 ± 1.10 % respectively (p>0.05). The percentage normality of Brahma, Cochin, and Bangkok spermatozoa were 94.6 ± 2.30 %, 94.4 ± 2.70 % dan 97.4 ± 2.07 % respectively (p >0.05). Fertility of eggs inseminated using Brahma, Cochin, and Bangkok, spermatozoa to Kampong hens were, 36.21 ± 17.52%, 34.29 ± 14.50%, and 73.27 ± 9.90% respectively and they were significantly different (p <0.05). The hatchability of eggs inseminated using Brahma, Cochin, and Bangkok spermatozoa were 59.40 ± 34.80%, 87.26 ± 8.81%, and 82.63 ± 5.34% respectively and they were significantly different (p<0.05). It can be concluded that Brahma, Cochin, and Bangkok roosters have good quality semen, which can be used inseminate into Kampong hens.
The Role of Rice Husk Charcoal and Cow Manure on The Availability of Nutrients and Yield of Cherry Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) on Ultisol Soil Suswati, Denah; Murni, Sri Dewi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10669

Abstract

Ultisol as a growing medium for cultivated plants requires proper management because it has chemical limiting factors, namely acidic soil pH, availability of macro and micro nutrients and low base saturation. Acidic soil reaction in Ultisol soil can cause nutrients, especially P and Ca, to be less available while Fe, Al and Mn nutrients are in excessive amounts so that they become toxic to plants. The purpose of this study was to obtain a combination of rice husk charcoal and cow manure doses that can increase the availability of macro nutrients and the highest yield of Cherry Tomato plants on Ultisol soil. The technique is a Completely Randomized Factorial Design (CRD Factorial), with 48 experimental units made up of the first treatment (a dose of rice husk charcoal with four treatment levels) and the second treatment (a dose of cow manure with four treatment levels) repeated three times. As demonstrated by the study's findings, the A3S3 treatment (rice husk charcoal 2,250 g/polybag, cow manure 3,000 g/polybag) can raise pH by 370.86%, increase nutrient availability (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Na) by 121.74%-539.39%, and increase crop yields (number of fruits per plant and fruit weight per plant) of corn in Ultisol soil by 230.27%-370.86% when compared to the A0S0 treatment.
DNA Barcoding Analysis Areca Nut from Riau Based on matk Gene Herman, Herman; Fitriadi, Zul; Jumin, Hasan Basri; Nurbaiti, Nurbaiti; Roslim, Dewi Indriyani
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10689

Abstract

Areca nut (Areca catechu) is a monocotyledonous plant and belongs to the Arecaceae family. Areca nut trees have an important role in the economic, religious, cultural, and traditional medicine sectors. The use of matK sequence DNA barcodes to identify areca nut species from Riau has never been done before. This study aims to analyze the potential of matK sequences as DNA barcodes for areca nut plants from Riau. Areca nut samples were taken from the Indrigiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia. The samples consisted of five varieties, each represented by seven different individuals. The research stages carried out were fresh leaves colleting, DNA isolation using the Geneaid Mini Plant kit, PCR following Thermo Scientific instructions, agarose gel electrophoresis, sequencing, and data analysis using bioinformatics programs such asBioEdit, BLASTn, and MEGA 11. The results showed that the highest identity value (99.87%) was found in A. catechu (MW785259.1). Six nucleotide variations were found with one critical nucleotide for A. catechu. The matK DNA sequence of areca nut from Riau from this study is the first sequence reported in the GenBank database.
Similarity Analysis of Physical Properties of Red Soils Formed from Quaternary and Tertiary Volcanic Parent Materials Kusuma, Eka Widiawati Wijaya
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10700

Abstract

Indonesia hosts numerous active and inactive volcanoes that have produced a wide range of volcanic rocks, giving rise to diverse soil types, including red soils that are predominant in humid tropical regions. This study aimed to investigate the physical characteristics of two red soil pedons developed from Quaternary and Tertiary volcanic parent materials. Soil sampling was conducted at the Quaternary volcanic red soil pedon located in Tugu Village, Jumantono Sub-district, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java, and the Tertiary volcanic red soil pedon located in Nglanggeran Village, Patuk Sub-district, Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region. Soil profile selection was conducted purposively based on morphological uniformity and representativeness. The analyzed soil physical properties included soil color, ten particle-size fractions, particle density, bulk density, and porosity. The highest degree of soil redness was observed in the Tertiary volcanic red soil pedon at Nglanggeran. This pedon comprises five horisons that mostly exhibit very low or uncertain degrees of similarity. In contrast, the Quaternary volcanic red soil pedon at Tugu consists of several horisons with comparable physical characteristics. Overall, the comparison between the Tertiary and Quaternary red soil pedons indicates substantial similarity, suggesting that the physical properties of mineral soils developed from volcanic materials are generally comparable despite differences in parent material age.
Analysis of Fingerprint Patterns and Axial Triradius Digital Angles in Mentawai Children Aulia, Afifah Mabrukah; Yuniarti, Elsa; Rosalina, Linda; Amran, Rika
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10705

Abstract

Dermatoglyphic characteristics, including fingerprint patterns and the axial triradius digital (ATD) angle, are widely used as biological markers to assess genetic variation and developmental stability within populations. This study aimed to analyze the distribution of fingerprint patterns and the variation of ATD angles among Mentawai children in West Sumatra. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed involving 10 Mentawai individuals aged 6–18 years. Fingerprint patterns were collected using the ink-and-paper method, and ATD angles were measured manually with a protractor. The results showed that the most common fingerprint patterns were plain whorl and ulnar loop, each representing 40% of observations. The majority of participants exhibited an ATD angle greater than 45° on both the left (70%) and right (60%) hands. These findings reveal distinctive dermatoglyphic characteristics in Mentawai children, indicating potential genetic influences and intrauterine environmental factors. Overall, this study enhances the scientific understanding of biological diversity within the Mentawai population.
Probiotic Gummies for Improving Gut Microbiota and Nutritional Status in Stunted Children: A Narrative Review Rusmayanti, Agustina; Kasasiah, Ahsanal; Irgi, Khaeru
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10708

Abstract

Stunting remains a major nutritional problem in Indonesia and is often linked to gut microbiota imbalance that can limit nutrient absorption and weaken intestinal function. This article reviews evidence on how probiotics can support gut health and examines the potential of gummy formulations that children can consume easily. The review process used Publish or Perish to search scientific articles from 2016 to 2025 in Google Scholar, PubMed and Scopus. Titles, abstracts and full texts were screened to ensure relevance. A total of 17 studies were included in the analysis. The findings show that probiotics can increase SCFA-producing bacteria, improve the gut mucosal barrier and support the absorption of minerals such as calcium and iron. Several studies also report better digestive comfort and improved microbiota diversity after probiotic intake. Probiotic gummies show good stability, maintain viable cells and are well accepted by children, which makes them a practical delivery system. The evidence from these 17 studies suggests that probiotic gummies have potential to support gut health and contribute to stunting prevention. Longer studies are still needed to measure their direct impact on child growth and guide future nutritional interventions.
Morphometric Study of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Grow-Out Ponds at the Freshwater Aquaculture Center (PBIAT) Polnustar Indriani, Yeni; Mose, Numisye Iske; Manganang, Yessi Ayu Putri; Ulaan, Magdalin; Saselah, Jetti Treslah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10714

Abstract

Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is an important freshwater aquaculture species whose morphometric characteristics provide essential insights into growth performance and sexual dimorphism in cultured populations. This study aimed to analyze the morphometric traits of male and female Nile tilapia reared in grow-out ponds at the Freshwater Aquaculture Center (PBIAT) of Politeknik Negeri Nusa Utara. Thirty fish were sampled using simple random sampling, and eleven morphometric parameters were measured alongside water quality observations to evaluate the suitability of the rearing environment. The results showed significant differences in several morphometric traits, including total length, standard length, body length, head length, body height, snout length, and caudal peduncle height, all of which were higher in males, with average body weight also greater in males (257.75 g) than females (205.15 g). Water quality parameters remained within optimal ranges for tilapia culture throughout the study period. The study concludes that male tilapia exhibit superior morphometric performance compared to females, indicating their potential advantages for selective breeding and improved grow-out production, and recommends further research involving larger populations and genetic evaluation to strengthen the use of morphometric indicators in tilapia aquaculture.

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