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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,520 Documents
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Measurement of Heavy Metal Mercury (Hg) Content in Catfish (Clarias batrachus) from Rawa Taliwang Lake West Sumbawa Permatasari, Tri Lintang; Khairuddin, Khairuddin; Yamin, M.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10842

Abstract

Rawa Taliwang is one of the major lakes in West Sumbawa Regency and is vulnerable to mercury (Hg) contamination resulting from surrounding activities such as illegal gold mining, agricultural runoff, and domestic waste disposal. This study aimed to determine the mercury concentration in catfish (Clarias batrachus) inhabiting the lake and to assess its safety for human consumption. Fish samples were collected from two sampling stations using purposive sampling and analyzed in the laboratory using a Mercury Analyzer. The measured mercury concentrations ranged from 0.058 to 0.086 mg/kg, with an average of 0.072 mg/kg, which is below the maximum allowable limit of 0.50 mg/kg set by the Indonesian National Agency for Drug and Food Control (BPOM) Regulation No. 9/2022. These results indicate that catfish from Rawa Taliwang Lake remain safe for consumption. Continued monitoring and improved environmental management are recommended to prevent future increases in mercury contamination and to ensure long-term ecosystem and public health safety.
Vegetation Diversity in the Mangrove Ecosystem of Jorong District, Tanah Laut Regency Hartanto, Delon Tri; Putra, Guruh Mayka; Rizalli, Akhmad
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10845

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems play a crucial role in maintaining coastal environmental stability and supporting biodiversity in tropical regions. This study aims to analyze the diversity, structure, and dominance of mangrove vegetation in Jorong District, Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan, as a scientific basis for sustainable mangrove management. The research was conducted in September 2025 in the mangrove forests of Muara Asam-Asam and Swarangan Villages using a purposive sampling method combined with transect plots. Vegetation data were collected at three growth levels, namely seedlings, saplings, and trees, through nested plots of different sizes. Vegetation analysis included species density, relative density, frequency, relative frequency, Important Value Index (IVI), and species diversity using the Shannon-Wiener index. The results showed that three mangrove species were identified, namely Avicennia marina, Rhizophora apiculata, and Sonneratia alba. Avicennia marina was the most dominant species across all forest density categories, as indicated by its high IVI values. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index revealed moderate diversity in high-density mangrove forests (H’ = 1.09) and lower diversity in medium (H’ = 0.66) and low-density forests (H’ = 0.63). These variations are influenced by habitat conditions and anthropogenic pressures such as land conversion and logging activities. Overall, the mangrove ecosystem in Jorong District still exhibits sufficient ecological diversity but requires sustainable management to prevent further degradation and ensure long-term ecosystem stability.
The Use of Snakehead Fish (Channa striata) Bioindicat ors from Taliwang Swamp Lake to Determine Mercury (Hg) 2025 Murthi, I Wayan Aditya Arya; Khairuddin, Khairuddin; Yamin, M.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10855

Abstract

Taliwang Swamp Lake is a source of livelihood for the people of West Sumbawa. High levels of local activity, such as agriculture and mining, have the potential to pollute the lake with mercury (Hg) due to waste from the amalgamation process and fertilizer residues flowing into the lake. This study aims to determine the heavy metal content of mercury (Hg) in snakehead fish (Channa striata) from Rawa Taliwang Lake and its suitability for consumption. Sampling was carried out using a purposive sampling technique at both stations. The criteria for selecting the sampling location were that it could represent the west and east sides of the lake and also take into account the fishing points that could be accessed, considering that the lake was partly covered with vegetation. Data analysis included determining mercury (Hg) levels using a mercury analyzer. The results showed that the mercury (Hg) content in snakehead fish was 0.078 mg/kg. This level is still suitable for consumption according to Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM) regulation No. 9 of 2022.
Implementation of pH and TDS Sensor Automation Systems on Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Growth in Hydroponic Cultivation Putri, Gusti Dinia; Fevria, Resti; Vauzia, Vauzia; Violita, Violita
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10857

Abstract

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a vegetable commodity that is currently in high demand because it has many health benefits. Hydroponic cultivation is a method that can improve lettuce growth by utilizing IoT based pH and TDS sensors. This study aims to compare lettuce growth in hydroponic cultivation by applying Internet of Things (IoT)-based pH and TDS sensors and manual methods. The method used was an experimental method by comparing the average of two treatments, namely the use of IoT-based pH and TDS sensors and the manual method, with each treatment consisting of nine replicates. The results showed that the application of IoT sensors had a significant effect on increasing plant height, leaf area, wet weight, and dry weight. IoT technology can improve efficiency and productivity in hydroponic systems because the sensors can maintain a stable balance of nutrients and acidity in the solution, resulting in better plant growth. These findings indicate that the application of IoT has great potential in supporting sustainable agriculture, while also providing benefits in the form of increased production efficiency and resource savings.
The Effect of Vitamin B1 and Nano Zinc on Drip Irrigation Systems for Macakal Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) Nurreni, Annisa; Susiyanti, Susiyanti; Hilal, Samsu; Sulistyorini, Endang
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10858

Abstract

The macakal mangosteen plant (Garcinia mangostana var. Macakal) is a plant that originates from Lebak Regency, Banten Province. Mangosteen plants experience slow growth due to their root system, which makes it difficult for them to absorb water and nutrients from the soil. Vitamin B1 is a substance that can stimulate plant tissue growth and development. The nutrient Zn functions to form hormones to achieve physiological balance. This study aims to determine the effect of vitamin B1 and nano zinc fertilizer application through a drip irrigation system on the growth of macakal mangosteen plants. This study was conducted from May to August 2023. It used a factorial randomized block design consisting of two factors. The first factor was vitamin B1 (V) (15 mg/l, 30 mg/l, and 45 mg/l), and the second factor was nano zinc fertilizer (T) (2 ml/l, 4 ml/l, and 6 ml/l). From these two factors, nine treatment combinations were obtained, and each treatment was repeated three times, resulting in 27 experimental units. The responses observed included Plant Height (cm), Stem Diameter (mm), Number of Leaves (pieces), Number of Branches, Leaf Length (cm), Leaf Width (cm), Leaf Length and Width Ratio (cm), and Leaf Greenness Level (chlorophyll units). The concentration of 45 mg/l of vitamin B1 had the best effect on the stem diameter parameter of 10.64 mm and the leaf greenness parameter of 69.81 units. The concentration of 2 ml/l of nano zinc fertilizer had the best effect on the plant height parameter of 43.50 cm. There is an interaction between vitamin B1 and nano zinc fertilizer on the number of leaves parameter, which is 16.33 leaves.
Application of pH and TDS Sensors to the Growth of Red Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) in a Hydroponic System Putri, Amelia Dwi; Fevria, Resti; Anhar, Azwir; Razak, Abdul
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10859

Abstract

Red lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) cultivated using hydroponic systems requires precise nutrient management to optimize growth. Internet of Things (IoT)-based sensors, particularly pH and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) sensors, enable real-time automatic regulation of nutrient solutions. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of IoT-based nutrient automation using pH and TDS sensors combined with a 50% AB Mix and 50% nano gamal leaf POC formulation on the growth of red lettuce. Data were analyzed using an independent t-test at the 5% significance level. The results showed that all growth parameters in the sensor-based system were significantly higher than those in the manual system (p < 0.05). The automated system improved nutrient balance, increased nutrient absorption efficiency, and maintained stable pH and TDS values throughout the growth period. This study demonstrates that IoT-based nutrient automation effectively enhances hydroponic red lettuce productivity and supports sustainable agricultural practices through efficient resource management. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences between treatments, indicating that IoT technology improves the efficiency and productivity of hydroponic systems by providing real-time nutrient supply. This research strengthens the potential application of IoT technology in sustainable agriculture and contributes to improved production efficiency and resource savings.
The Relationship Between BRCA1 Expression and Grade in Breast Cancer Patients in NTB Mikailla, Romy Healthy; Padauleng, Novrita; Lestari, Rizka Vidya; Prihatina, Lale Maulin; Priyanto, Bambang; Kumaladewi, Baiq Ratna
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10860

Abstract

Breast cancer is the malignancy with the highest incidence among women in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB). The Breast Cancer 1 (BRCA1) gene is a tumor suppressor gene that plays a crucial role in DNA repair and genome stability. A decrease in BRCA1 expression is theoretically associated with more aggressive tumor characteristics, such as a low degree of differentiation (high grade). However, data regarding the relationship between BRCA1 protein expression and the degree of cell differentiation in the patient population in NTB remains limited. This study employed a cross-sectional design with an observational analytic approach on 50 paraffin block samples from Invasive Breast Carcinoma patients at the NTB Provincial General Hospital from 2022-2023. BRCA1 protein expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry with a positive cut-off defined as staining in >20% of tumor cell nuclei. Data on the degree of differentiation (Grade 1, 2, and 3) were obtained from medical records. The relationship between the two variables was analyzed using the Lambda, Pearson’s R, and Spearman Correlation tests with a significance level of p < 0.05. The majority of samples (84%) were grade 3 tumors. The distribution of BRCA1 expression in the total sample was balanced, with 25 cases (50%) showing positive expression and 25 cases (50%) showing negative expression. In the grade 3 subgroup, this distribution remained balanced. Statistical analysis consistently showed no significant relationship between BRCA1 expression and the degree of cell differentiation (p > 0.05).
Effect of Follicular Substances on Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of Ketip Banana (Musa paradisiaca Forma typiaca) Peel Ethanol Extract Bahri, Syamsul; Hijriani, Baiq Isti; Wirdullutfi, Wirdullutfi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 3 (2025): Juli-September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i3.10868

Abstract

A healthy lifestyles require both synthetic antioxidants and those sourced from food. Antioxidants can be obtained from food ingredients or can also be synthetic oxidants. Antioxidants derived from plants contain quite high levels. One type of tropical fruit contains antioxidants is the banana, and one cultivar of banana is Musa paradisiaca Forma typiaca, locally name is Ketip. The research aimed to compare the phytochemical profile of peel ethanol extract of this cultivar using different sample preparation techniques and then compare the antioxidant capacity of the extracts using the DPPH method. This research employed two types of techniques in preparing the sample. The first one leaves the sap attached to the sample, the second one uses tissue paper to reduce the follicular substances, soon after chopping the sample. Phytochemical results of the extract prepared by the first technique showed that the extract contains flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, and tannins, while the extract prepared by the second technique also detected phenolic compounds. Despite the phytochemical profile showing no difference at all from both techniques, their antioxidant capacity showed a significant difference. The IC50 score of the extract prepared by the first technique was 554,84. This score is categorized in the very weak activity group, whereas the IC50 score of the extract prepared by the second technique was 202,13. This score is categorized in the intermediate activity group. It is concluded that the follicular substances significantly increase the IC50 score of ethanol extract of Ketip banana peel.
Isolation and Antibacterial Activity Test of Mangrove Rhizosphere Bacteria Against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus Asriatno, Okto; Dewinta Nur Alvionita; Muhammad Syarief; Dwirariska Aprilianasari Syamsuardi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10875

Abstract

The global rise in multidrug-resistant pathogens necessitates the exploration of unique ecological niches, such as the mangrove rhizosphere, as promising reservoirs for novel antibacterial agents. In this study, we aimed to isolate and characterize bacteria from the rhizosphere of Rhizophora sp. in the mangrove forest of Bypass Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, and to evaluate their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Isolation was performed using the spread plate method on three different media: Nutrient Agar (NA), Zobell Marine Agar (ZMA), and International Streptomyces Project 2 (ISP2). A total of seven bacterial isolates were obtained (NA.1, ZMA.1, ZMA.2, ZMA.x, ISP2.1, ISP2.2, and ISP2.x), exhibiting diverse morphological characteristics ranging from mucoid to smooth colonies. Antibacterial screening using a modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method revealed that only one isolate, ZMA.1, possessed broad-spectrum antagonistic activity, effectively inhibiting both the Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Further microscopic identification via Gram staining characterized isolate ZMA.1 as a Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacteria, appearing in monobacillus and diplobacillus arrangements. These findings underscore the potential of Gram-negative bacteria from the mangrove rhizosphere as a promising source of new antibacterial candidates to combat multidrug-resistant pathogens.
Antibacterial Analysis of Andrographolide Against Selected Gram Positive and Negative Bacteria Zaki, Muhammad; Multazam, Syamsul; Fakhrurrozi, Fakhrurrozi; Nawawi, Muhammad
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10879

Abstract

Andrographolide is an active compound extracted from Andrographis paniculata. It is commonly used in traditional medicine to reduce inflammation and fight bacteria. Studies show that andrographolide can stop bacteria from growing by disrupting their DNA and biofilm formation. It can also help regulate the immune system and lower inflammation caused by bacterial infections. Therefore, andrographolide has the potential to be an alternative to synthetic antibiotics, helping to prevent bacterial resistance and reduce side effects from synthetic antibiotic use. This study aims to investigate the potential antibacterial activity of andrographolide against S. aureus (ATCC 25923), S. epidermidis (ATCC 12228), K. pneumoniae (ATCC 70063), and P. aeruginosa (ATCC 9027). This study utilized the disc diffusion method to determine the inhibitory effects of andrographolide, as well as Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) assays to evaluate its bactericidal properties. Disc diffusion test (3.0 mg/mL) found that andrographolide can inhibit P. aeruginosa (23.70 mm), S. aureus (16.37 mm), S. epidermidis (19.77 mm), and K. pneumoniae (14.63 mm). The bacteria S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and K. pneumoniae have the same MIC and MBC values (1.5 mg/mL), while P. aeruginosa has a different value (0.75 mg/mL). These results indicate the bactericidal category at this concentration. Future research should explore how andrographolide works against various strains of bacteria and also investigate how andrographolide affects biofilms.

Page 240 of 252 | Total Record : 2520

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