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Kota mataram,
Nusa tenggara barat
INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,695 Documents
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The Potential Application of IoT and Multispectral UAV Soil Sensor Technology in Sorgum (Sorgum bicolor L. Moench) Cultivation in Dry Land in Pujut District, Central Lombok Regency Pramesthi, Ardi Yoga; Safitri, Auliya; Misbahuddin, Misbahuddin; Idris, Muhammad Husni
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11867

Abstract

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is a drought-tolerant crop with significant potential for dryland cultivation in Pujut District, Central Lombok Regency, Indonesia. This study reviews the potential application of Internet of Things (IoT) and multispectral Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technologies for precision sorghum cultivation in dryland ecosystems. A qualitative descriptive literature review was conducted, synthesizing 13 peer-reviewed studies on IoT sensor networks, UAV-based remote sensing, machine learning algorithms, and their integration in precision agriculture. The results indicate that IoT soil sensors can continuously monitor soil moisture, temperature, pH, and nutrient levels in Vertisol soils, while multispectral UAVs capture vegetation indices (NDVI, NDRE, CWSI) for biomass estimation, drought stress assessment, and yield prediction. The integration of both technologies, combined with machine learning approaches including ensemble learning and transfer learning, produces comprehensive crop health maps and site-specific management recommendations. The dryland characteristics of Pujut District, with Vertisol soils (pH 6.5–8.4) and limited water availability, are highly suitable for sorghum cultivation and would benefit substantially from precision agriculture interventions. A five-stage implementation framework is proposed, encompassing baseline survey, monitoring, analytics, precision management, and evaluation. Despite challenges including initial investment costs and technical capacity requirements, the long-term benefits of improved productivity and resource efficiency make IoT-UAV integration a viable strategy for sustainable dryland sorghum farming.
Optimization Yield and Physical Characteristics of Household-Scale Coconut Oil through Various Simple Extraction Methods Rasmiyana, Rasmiyana; Prasetyo, Angga
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11880

Abstract

The selection of coconut oil extraction methods at the household scale needs to consider the quality and quantity of the resulting product. This study aimed to optimize simple coconut oil extraction methods based on physical characteristics, organoleptic properties, yield, and water content. A Completely Randomized Design (RAL) was used with 4 treatment methods: P1 (dry method/direct heating of grated coconut), P2 (wet method with direct heating of coconut milk), P3 (wet method with the addition of 1% papain enzyme), and P4 (wet method with separation of skim and cream from coconut milk). Test parameters included organoleptic tests (color, aroma, taste), yield, and water content. The results showed that the extraction method significantly affected yield and water content but did not significantly affect panelists preference for color. The dry method (P1) produced the highest yield (14.77%) but had the lowest organoleptic quality. The wet methods with skim-cream separation and papain enzyme addition (P3) produced the best organoleptic quality with the lowest water content (0.17%). SNI standard of water content maximum 0.5%. In conclusion, the wet extraction method with skim-cream separation and the addition of proteolytic enzymes such as papain is recommended for household-scale production as it produces superior quality oil with low water content.
Optimization of Hatching Rate in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Through Aquatic Plant Substrate Combinations Faadihillah, Galih; Affandi, Rangga Idris; Junaidi, Muhammad
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11881

Abstract

Fisheries are an important sector in providing animal protein sources and supporting national food security. The success of fish reproduction is a crucial factor that determines the continuity of production and the sustainability of cultivation businesses. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a freshwater fish that is often used in biomedical research and reproductive biology due to its fast reproductive cycle, embryo transparency, and ease of maintenance process. The study was conducted for 45 days at Andar Farm Lingsar. The method used was an experimental Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments and 3 replications, resulting in 18 experimental units. The treatments tested were a combination of various types of aquatic plants. The parameters measured included fecundity growth, fertilization rate, hatching rate, and gonadosomatic index. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA. If there were significant differences, Duncan's further test was used to identify significantly different treatments. The results showed that in the fecundity parameter, the Water hyacinth + cabomba substrate type produced the highest fecundity (117.6 ± 13.0 grains). In terms of Fertilization Rate (FR) and Hatching Rate (HR), the water hyacinth substrate produced the highest FR (79.96%), and HR (62.47%). Meanwhile, the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) parameter also produced the highest results in the combination of water hyacinth + cabomba (20.4%). Water quality obtained during the study was within the optimal range with a temperature of 25-26 oC, Ph 7, and 6 mg/L.
Correlation Between Glucosuria Positivity Values in Patients Diabetes Mellitus and The Incidence of Candiduria Setya, Adhi Kumoro; Khoirudin, Ridwan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11882

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and is associated with various complications, including opportunistic infections such as candiduria. Hyperglycemic conditions, glucose detected in urine (glucosuria) is presumed to provide a supportive environment for the growth of microorganisms, including Candida spp. The relationship between the degree of glucosuria positivity and the incidence of candiduria still requires further investigation. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the association between the level of glucosuria positivity and the occurrence of candiduria among diabetes mellitus patients enrolled in the Chronic Disease Management Program (PROLANIS). This study employed an analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. Samples were selected using a purposive sampling technique based on predetermined inclusion criteria, resulting in 21 female respondents aged ≥45 years. Glucosuria examination was performed using the urine dipstick method based on the glucose oxidase–peroxidase enzymatic reaction principle. Urine culture was conducted on CHROMagar Candida (CAC) medium using the 100-conversion method to calculate colony counts, and candiduria was defined as colony growth ≥10³ CFU/mL. Data were analyzed using Fisher’s Exact Test.The results showed that most respondents had positive glucosuria with varying degrees, and the prevalence of candiduria was 66,6%. Statistical analysis indicated no significant association between the level of glucosuria positivity and the occurrence of candiduria 0,892 (p>0.05). In conclusion, glucosuria was not significantly associated with candiduria in the study population.
Potential of Beauveria bassiana Controlling Nilaparvata lugens for Food Security: A Review Article Fathurohman, Fijar Muhamad; Parsa, Raisa Shakila; Lestari, Indah; Falihah, Farica; Soesanto, Loekas
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11885

Abstract

The Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) is a strategic pest threatening the stability of national rice production. Farmers' dependence on synthetic insecticides has triggered pest resistance and environmental degradation, making the utilization of biological agents such as the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana an urgent alternative solution. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the potential, mechanisms, and effectiveness of B. bassiana in controlling N. lugens. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by examining experimental articles from accredited national journals and reputable international journals published between 2018 and 2025. Results of data synthesis indicate that B. bassiana has a very high level of pathogenicity (nymph mortality >78%), especially when using local isolates cultured on corn media. However, its effectiveness is highly influenced by abiotic factors, where conidial viability is optimal at 25°C and drops sharply at extreme temperatures (34°C). Recent findings prove that B. bassiana can colonize as an endophyte within rice tissues, suppressing planthopper fecundity while simultaneously inducing systemic plant resistance. Additionally, this fungus is proven compatible and synergistic when combined with sublethal insecticide doses. It is concluded that B. bassiana is effective as both a contact biopesticide and an internal protection agent within Integrated Pest Management.  
Article Review: The Role of Trichogramma Japonicum Egg Parasitoids in The Control of The Rice Stem Borer (Scirpophaga Incertulas) to Support Food Security Rahmah, Naila; Khairunnisa, Jihan Naila; Wahyuni, Alma Maylina Riski; Zein, Jilan Aulia Nabilah; Soesanto, Loekas
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11886

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa) is a strategic food commodity that plays an important role in supporting food security. However, rice production is often disrupted by attacks from the rice stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas), which can reduce crop productivity. This study aims to analyze the role of Trichogramma japonicum in suppressing rice stem borer populations and its contribution to food security. The study used a literature review method by analyzing various relevant scientific articles. The results showed that Trichogramma japonicum was able to parasitize pest eggs, thereby inhibiting larval hatching and reducing the population of Scirpophaga incertulas.  Trichogramma japonicum has the potential to be an environmentally friendly biological control agent to support sustainable rice production and food security.
Streptomyces spp. as a Biological Control Agent for Xanthomonas oryzae: A Strategy to Improve National Food Security; Review Article Rahmadani, Bahtiar; Setioningrum, Nabila Revicha; Destafi, Zidan Zifa; Kristian, Abraham Febiano; Loekas Soesanto
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11891

Abstract

National food security faces serious challenges due to bacterial leaf blight in rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae. This article aims to analyze the potential of Streptomyces spp. as biological control agents to suppress the development of this pathogen through a literature study approach. The method employed was a systematic review of national and international scientific journals discussing antagonistic mechanisms, secondary metabolite production, and the role of rhizobacteria in enhancing rice plant resistance. The findings indicate that Streptomyces spp. inhibit the growth of Xanthomonas oryzae by producing antibiotics, lytic enzymes, and inducing systemic resistance in rice plants. Furthermore, their application may reduce dependence on chemical pesticides, making them more environmentally friendly. Therefore, the utilization of Streptomyces spp. represents a promising biological strategy to improve rice productivity and strengthen national food security.
Influence of Light Wavelength on the Growth Performance and Protein Content of Arthrospira platensis Siama, Gabriela Sabatin; Suwitono, Marvel Reuben; Situmeang, Doli
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11925

Abstract

Microalgae play an important role in aquatic ecosystems as primary producers and have significant potential as a sustainable source of protein. One of the microalgae with high economic value is Arthrospira platensis, which is rich in bioactive compounds and protein content. Light is a key factor influencing microalgae growth, particularly its wavelength and spectrum, which can affect biomass production and biochemical composition. This study aimed to analyze the effect of different LED light wavelengths (red, blue, and a combination of red–blue) on the growth performance and protein content of Arthrospira platensis. The experiment was conducted in January 2026 using a completely randomized design with three treatments and three replications. The microalgae were cultivated in Walne medium under controlled conditions with continuous aeration for 14 days. Growth was monitored daily, and protein content was analyzed using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at wavelengths of 280 nm and 260 nm. The results indicated that different light wavelengths significantly influenced the growth and protein content of Arthrospira platensis. The combination of red–blue light showed better performance compared to single wavelengths in enhancing biomass production and protein content. In conclusion, the use of combined LED light spectra can optimize the cultivation of Arthrospira platensis and improve its potential as an alternative protein source
The Effect of Sawdust and Cocopeat Planting Media on Root Growth in Grafting of Mahkota Dewa Plants (Phaleria Macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.) Sari, Poni Delita; Vauzia, Vauzia; Chatri, Moralita; Putri, Irma Leilani Eka
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11996

Abstract

Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl., referred to as Mahkota Dewa, is a valuable medicinal plant with significant economic importance, requiring effective propagation methods to enhance its cultivation. Grafting is a frequently utilized technique, and its effectiveness is affected by the kind of growth medium used. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different planting media on root growth of grafted Mahkota Dewa. The research was carried out between January and March 2026 in Lubuk Minturun, employing a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three different treatments: soil (P0), sawdust (P1), and cocopeat (P2), each consisting of six replications. The parameters monitored included the number of roots, root length, and dry weight of roots. Data were evaluated by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings showed that the type of growth medium did not have a significant impact (p>0.05) on any of the root growth parameters measured. These results imply that alternative mediums like sawdust and cocopeat can serve as replacements for soil without notably hindering root growth in grafted P. macrocarpa.
Antibacterial Activity of Red Algae Extract (Eucheuma cottonii) Against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis Bacteria Bongga, Andreas Lapu Dwitama; Panjaitan, Ivonne Mona Selly; Tobing, Joshua H. L.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11997

Abstract

Acne is a frequent skin issue characterized by inflammation, linked to an overproduction of oil and the growth of bacteria, especially Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of red algae (Eucheuma cottonii) extract at concentrations of 25%, 35%, and 45% against these acne-causing bacteria. The extraction process utilized the maceration technique with 96% ethanol over a period of 72 hours. The evaluation of antibacterial activity was performed through the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion technique. The results demonstrated that all tested concentrations produced inhibition zones classified as moderate against both bacteria. The highest antibacterial activity was observed at the 45% concentration, with mean inhibition zones of 7.3 ± 0.87 mm for P. acnes and 8.2 ± 1.67 mm for S. epidermidis. Statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA indicated no significant differences in antibacterial activity among the tested concentrations for both P. acnes shown p value is .171 (p > 0.05) and S. epidermidis shown p value is .053 (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that E. cottonii extract possesses moderate antibacterial activity and has potential as a natural active ingredient for the development of anti-acne topical formulations, although increasing concentration within the tested range does not significantly enhance its effectiveness.

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