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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,695 Documents
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Evaluating Changes in the Sensory Profiles of Smoked Fish Across Different Processors During Storage Haryati, Kristina
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11818

Abstract

Smoked fish remains a widely consumed product due to the characteristic taste and aroma acquired during the smoking process. Smoked fish is still produced traditionally using coconut shells and mangrove wood. The use of shells and mangrove wood is done because both are classified as hardwood, so they can affect the organoleptic qualities of smoked fish. This study sought to evaluate the organoleptic profiles of smoked fish sourced from different producers, specifically comparing the effects of coconut shell and mangrove wood combustion. This method is divided into 2 stages: the raw material preparation stage and the fish smoking stage. The fish sample used was fresh tuna smoked using coconut shell and mangrove wood fuel. Organoleptic testing carried out included appearance, odor, and texture using a scoresheet. The results showed that for all smoked fish samples using coconut shells and mangrove wood against the storage period, the quality value for day 0 was 9 (Very Liked), then the value decreased on the 2nd day of storage, with a quality of Very Dislike to Dislike. In conclusion, the organoleptic specification value decreased during storage, depending on the type of fuel. The use of fuel did not affect storage time, as a decrease in quality was observed on the second day, indicated by the appearance of mold on the samples. It is recommended that microbiological testing of the smoked fish be conducted.
Effects of Processing on Cadmium Accumulation and Dietary Risk Assessment in Penaeus merguiensis from Sungsang, South Sumatra, Indonesia Desmarinda, Jecika; Diansyah, Gusti; Putri, Wike Ayu Eka; Apri, Rezi; Nur, Muhamad
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11821

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) contamination in estuarine fisheries products raises concerns due to its capacity for bioaccumulation and dietary exposure in humans. Metal accumulation in aquatic organisms is influenced by body size and tissue distribution, with higher concentrations often reported in non-muscle parts such as the head and exoskeleton. However, information on Cd distribution and consumption risk in P. merguiensis from Sungsang, South Sumatra, remains limited. This study quantified Cd concentrations in P. merguiensis stratified by size (small and large) and processing condition (peeled and unpeeled), and evaluated potential health risks using Maximum Weekly Intake (MWI) and Maximum Tolerable Intake (MTI) reference thresholds. Cadmium concentrations, determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), ranged from 0,038 ± 0,0002 to 0,231 ± 0,0008 mg/kg. Higher levels were observed in unpeeled samples compared to peeled prawns, and larger individuals exhibited greater metal accumulation. Estimated weekly intake values for adult and child consumption scenarios remained below established tolerable limits, indicating that current exposure levels are unlikely to pose significant non-carcinogenic health risks under typical dietary patterns. Continuous monitoring is nevertheless necessary to support long-term seafood safety management in the region.
Eutrophication in Indonesian Aquatic Systems: Causes and Ecological Consequences Rahmi, Cut Sarah Rizkita; Nitami, Lili; Wahdini, Wahdini; Firdus, Firdus; Nasir, M.; Rizki, Alia
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11841

Abstract

Eutrophication is one of the major environmental problems affecting the quality and sustainability of aquatic ecosystems. Excessive inputs of nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, can accelerate water fertility and lead to changes in aquatic community structure as well as a decline in water quality. This study aims to review the causes, indicators, and ecological impacts of eutrophication in various aquatic ecosystems in Indonesia. The study employed a literature review approach by analyzing scientific articles obtained from academic databases such as Google Scholar, Garuda Kemdikbud, and ScienceDirect. The results indicate that eutrophication in Indonesian waters is mainly driven by anthropogenic activities, including domestic wastewater, agricultural runoff, aquaculture practices, and industrial activities within watershed areas. These conditions are characterized by increased nutrient concentrations, changes in phytoplankton composition, and the occurrence of algal blooms that may reduce water quality and disrupt the balance of aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, nutrient source management and continuous water quality monitoring are essential to control eutrophication and maintain the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems in Indonesia.
Evaluation of Antidiabetic Drug use Profile in Outpatients at A Private Hospital in Bandar Lampung City Sitanala, Frenca Elsa; Madalena, Louis; Suwitono, Marvel Reuben
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11846

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a long-lasting metabolic condition marked by high blood sugar levels resulting from insufficient insulin production. This study aims to evaluate the profile of antidiabetic drug use in outpatients with diabetes mellitus at a private hospital in Bandar Lampung and assess its compliance with current treatment guidelines. This study employed a non-experimental method with a retrospective descriptive design based on medical records and outpatient prescriptions from January to July 2025. The data analyzed included gender, age, comorbidities, and the types of antidiabetic drugs used. The results showed that type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were more prevalent in women (60.78%) than in men (39.22%), with the largest group of diabetes mellitus patients falling within the 45–60 age group. Most patients also had comorbidities, with hypertension being the most common. The pattern of medication use showed that biguanides, particularly metformin, were the most commonly prescribed drugs as first-line therapy. In general, the use of antidiabetic drugs in outpatients at the hospital was in accordance with the PERKENI treatment guidelines.
Diversity of Ferns (Pteridophyta) as an Indicator of Environmental Sustainability in Fogi Village, Sula Islands Regency Banapon, Nursina; Nurjannah, Siti; Hadun, Ramli; Adriani, Adriani; Ashari, Reyna; Irmayanti, Laswi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11847

Abstract

Ferns (Pteridophyta) are spore-reproducing vascular plants important in tropical forest ecosystems, and Indonesia is a global center of their diversity with over 2,000 species. However, fern diversity in North Maluku is still poorly documented. This study aimed to analyze the species composition and diversity of ferns as well as their implications for environmental sustainability in Fogi Village, Sanana District, Sula Islands Regency. The study was conducted across four habitat types: home garden, residential, riverbank, and mixed plantation, using purposive sampling with line transects of 1 km length and 10 m width. Data analysis included the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), Margalef species richness index (Dmg), and species evenness index (E), complemented by a descriptive-ecological assessment to discuss implications for the sustainability of the local ecosystem. A total of 10 fern species were recorded comprising 229 individuals. The dominant species across habitat types were Pteris tripartita in home garden habitat (9 individuals) and Selaginella sp. in residential (15), riverbank (12), and mixed plantation (17) habitats. The residential habitat recorded the highest values of species diversity (H') and species richness (Dmg) compared to other habitat types. Species evenness (E) approached 1 across all habitats, indicating a relatively balanced distribution of fern species. Ecologically, the Fogi Village area retains potential to sustain its ecosystem functions; however, the low species richness recorded across all habitat types warrants attention in efforts toward sustainable environmental management of the area. In conclusion, the fern community at the research site shows a moderate level of diversity with a relatively even distribution of species across various habitat types. The high uniformity in all habitats indicates the absence of extreme dominance by a single species.
Fermentation of Banana Stems with Indigofera sp using MA-11 on Dry Matter and Organic Matter Digestibility Santoso, Bayu; Yakin, Engkus Ainul
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11848

Abstract

The limited availability of quality feed, especially during the dry season, encourages the use of agricultural waste as an alternative livestock feed. Fermentation with the addition of microbes has been widely used to improve feed quality, but information regarding the optimal dosage of MA-11 in a mixture of banana stems (Musa paradisiaca) and Indigofera sp. is still limited. The most effective dosage of MA-11 for increasing dry matter and organic matter digestibility in the fermentation of a mixture of banana stems and Indigofera sp. The study aimed to determine the most effective dosage of MA-11 for increasing dry matter and organic matter digestibility in a mixture of banana stems (Musa paradisiaca) and Indigofera sp. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three MA-11 dosage treatments: P0 (0 mL), P1 (1 mL), and P2 (2 mL), each replicated four times. The fermentation process was carried out for 12 days and was followed by a two-stage in vitro digestibility test. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Duncan's Test (DMRT) at a significance level of P < 0.05. MA-11 administration significantly increased dry matter and organic matter digestibility. The best treatment was achieved at a dose of 2 mL (P2). Improved feed quality is influenced by the activity of cellulolytic, proteolytic, and amylolytic bacteria in MA-11, which are capable of breaking down crude fiber into simpler compounds. Fermenting banana stem waste combined with *Indigofera* sp. using MA-11 can improve feed quality, particularly dry matter and organic matter digestibility.
Substitution of Maggot Flour (Hermetia Illucens) in Feed on The Performance of Male Peking Duck Firmansyah, Muhammad Fandy; Yakin, Engkus Ainul
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11849

Abstract

Black Soldier Fly (BSF) maggot meal is one of the sustainable protein sources that need to be investigated due to the rising expense of conventional protein feed. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of BSF (Hermetia illucens) maggot meal substitution in rations on the growth performance of male Peking broiler ducks and to determine the optimal level of use. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments and four replications (four ducks per experimental unit) was the research methodology. Grower phase ducks were treated with P0 (0% maggot meal), P1 (10% maggot meal), and P2 (20% maggot meal). Feed consumption, body weight increase (PBB), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were among the metrics noted. With an average intake of 45.00 g/head/day, statistical analysis revealed that maggot meal substitution had no significant effect (P>0.05) on feed consumption. On daily body weight gain, however, there was a significant influence (P<0.05), with P1 attaining the maximum growth rate of 17.65 g/head/day. Regarding feed efficiency, although statistically the FCR values ​​between treatments did not show a significant difference (P=0.056), the P1 treatment numerically recorded a lower conversion rate (2.37) compared to the control (3.07). This study concluded that the use of maggot flour up to 10% (P1) has the potential to increase growth rates without compromising feed palatability. These findings provide practical implications for livestock farmers in optimizing production efficiency through the use of local feed ingredients based on organic waste.
Phylogenetic Analysis of Groupers at Labuhan Lombok Based on CO1 Gene Ramdhani, Baiq Endang Kurnia; Mahrus, Mahrus; Zulkifli, Lalu
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11854

Abstract

Groupers (family Serranidae) are high-value reef fish that are often prone to misidentification due to their morphological similarities. This research examined the phylogenetic relationships of grouper species landed at the Pondok Sampan Fish Landing Site in Labuhan Lombok using the Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (CO1) gene. One specific sample (K5) was analyzed to verify its taxonomic status. DNA isolation was performed through the CTAB technique, followed by PCR amplification and sequencing. Morphological identification initially suggested the sample belonged to the genus Epinephelus. However, molecular results showed that K5 is Aethaloperca rogaa (100% similarity). The phylogenetic analysis was conducted using the Neighbor-Joining approach with 10,000 bootstrap iterations and the Kimura 2-Parameter model in MEGA XI, which placed the specimen within a monophyletic group alongside A. rogaa sequences from Egypt, showing a genetic distance of 0.00. The nucleotide composition (T: 29.8%, C: 27.3%, A: 25.5%, G: 17.4%) was identical to the reference sequence, confirming the anti-G bias typical of teleost mitochondrial DNA. This research illustrates the critical importance of DNA barcoding to correct morphology-based misclassifications. It emphasizes the need for genetic confirmation in fisheries diversity evaluations and in the sustainable management of grouper populations across the Indo-Pacific.  
Ethnomedical Study of Skin Diseases (Smallpox, Measles, and Hives) in North Pringgajurang Village, District of East Lombok Prasasthi, Winiayu Devhi; Qotrunnada, Baiq Citra Azzahra; Sasvania, Anisa; Kaori, Jasmine Zaskia; Azariani, Wiwin; Mukhlishah, Neneng Rachmalia Izzatul; Hanifa, Nisa Isneni
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11855

Abstract

In West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), infectious and allergic skin diseases occupy a significant role in the regional morbidity profile, with a relatively high number of cases. Treatment of skin diseases generally uses synthetic drugs such as antibiotics, antifungals, corticosteroids, and antihistamines. In addition to synthetic drug therapy, traditional medicine using medicinal plants can be used. Ethnomedicinal studies on skin disease treatment in East Lombok have never been conducted. People in North Pringgajurang Village, Montong Gading District, East Lombok Regency still believe in alternative medicine and use medicinal plants as traditional remedies. This study aims to determine the composition of ingredients, preparation and use methods, and the importance of certain plants for treating skin diseases by the belian in North Pringgajurang Village, Montong Gading District, East Lombok Regency. Informants were selected using the discriminatory snowball sampling method. Qualitative analysis was conducted through semi-structured interviews and quantitative analysis using the Index of Cultural Significance (ICS) for each plant species. Based on interviews with 5 informants, 12 species from 11 plant families were used to make herbal remedies for skin diseases. The herbal remedies were prepared by pounding, grinding, grating, chewing, and cutting and slicing thinly. There are 5 ways to use the herbal remedies for skin diseases: rubbing, applying, spraying, drinking, and dousing. The highest ICS score, 33, was obtained for the galangal plant (Kaempferia galanga).
Diversity of Dragonflies (Odonata) in Habitat Types in Palaes Village, North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Hutajulu, Lora Gian Auberta; Koneri, Roni; Langoy, Marnix
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11864

Abstract

Dragonflies (Odonata) are an important component of aquatic ecosystems, serving as natural predators and bioindicators of environmental quality. This study aims to identify species and analyze dragonfly diversity in three habitat types in Palaes Village, North Minahasa Regency. Dragonfly sampling was conducted using the transect method (300 m; 5 m wide on both sides) with a purposive sampling approach. The results showed that 555 dragonfly individuals were found, comprising 28 species, 18 genera, and 7 families, with the family Libellulidae as the dominant group. The most abundant species was Neurothemis stigmatizans (95 individuals; 17.12%). Diversity levels were moderate, with the highest H’ value in plantation habitats, followed by waterfalls, and the lowest in residential areas. The highest species richness was found in waterfall and plantation habitats, while species evenness was high across all locations. The highest density was found in the waterfall area. Dragonfly diversity in Palaes Village falls into the moderate category, with community structure influenced by habitat conditions and the level of human activity pressure, particularly in residential areas.

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