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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,695 Documents
 265   266   267   268   269 
Photoperiod Extension Enhances Lettuce Performance Across LED Spectra in an Indoor Vertical Farming Setup Riyadi, Fajar; Ully, Parwati Wiwin Dyah; Avianto, Yovi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11752

Abstract

Artificial lighting is a key factor in indoor vertical farming because light spectrum and photoperiod strongly regulate plant growth, biomass accumulation, and pigment formation. Lettuce is highly responsive to light manipulation, making it an important model crop for evaluating lighting strategies that can improve productivity and quality under controlled environments. This study evaluated the effects of LED light color and photoperiod on the growth, yield, and pigment content of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivated in an indoor vertical farming system in Yogyakarta, Indonesia (November 2025 – January 2026). A 3 × 3 factorial experiment arranged in a nested design was conducted with three light colors (white, blue, and green) and three photoperiods (8, 12, and 16 h). Data were analyzed using ANOVA (α = 0.05), followed by Tukey's HSD when significant differences were detected. Growth and yield were assessed using stem diameter, plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight, while physiological responses were evaluated using chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll. Significant light color × photoperiod interactions were observed for stem diameter, root length, fresh and dry weight, and chlorophyll contents. Overall, white light produced superior lettuce performance compared with blue and green light, particularly under a 16-h photoperiod. The combination of white light and a 16-h photoperiod resulted in the highest biomass accumulation and pigment content, indicating that optimizing both light spectrum and photoperiod is critical to improve lettuce productivity and quality in indoor vertical farming.
The Effect of Cooling Pad Spacing in Closed Cages on Broiler Chicken Performance Fitri , Khayla Nur Aisya; Mulyono, Ali Mursyid Wahyu; Husein, Muhammad
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11759

Abstract

Optimizing cooling pad placement in closed house systems is critical to ensuring uniform thermal distribution and preventing heat stress, yet the effect of cooling pad distance on broiler performance during the starter phase remains insufficiently studied. Objective: This study investigated the effect of three cooling pad distances (6 m, 12 m, and 18 m) on feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of broiler chickens during the starter phase. Methods: A completely randomized design (CRD) was applied with three treatments (P1, P2, P3) and four replications (5 birds/replication; 60 birds total) over 14 days at a commercial broiler farm in Jenawi, Karanganyar. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Range Test. Results: Cooling pad distance had no significant effect (P>0.05) on FI, BWG, or FCR, with all FCR values remaining within the normal commercial range. The evaporative cooling pad effectively distributed cool air uniformly up to 18 m, demonstrating that the full capacity of the closed house can be utilized without compromising production efficiency. These findings contribute scientific evidence that proper cooling pad installation eliminates thermal gradients across house zones, providing a basis for optimizing housing design and management in tropical broiler production.
Inventory and Conservation Status of Herpetofauna Species at Tapos Resort, Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park Al Gifari, Muhamad Rafi; Hasyalillah, Muhammad Daffa; Albiansyah, Muhammad Saltes; Mawla, Muhammad Fazly; Bainahum, Ahmad Syafiq; Rozaq, Mikail Abdul; Al Ghiyasi, Rafi Hilman; Murfi, Fatihatsal; Fitriana, Narti; Haribowo, Dinda Rama
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11761

Abstract

Herpetofauna is a group of reptiles and amphibians. Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park (TNGGP) has a diverse range of herpetofauna. This study aims to record and inventory the conservation status of herpetofauna in the Tapos Resort area of Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park. Herpetofauna data collection was carried out in the Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park (TNGGP) area, in the Lebak Bumi Ciherang (LBC) forest block and the Cinakimun forest block. West Java, Ciawı District, Bogor Regency, West Java Province. The methods used were Visual Encounter Survey (VES) and Hand Searching. Based on the observation results, a total of 39 individuals were recorded, consisting of 2 orders, 9 families, 10 genera, and 12 species. The most commonly found species in the order Anura was Microhyla achatina with 6 individuals, while in the order Squamata it was Cyrtodactylus marmoratus with 9 individuals. The conservation status according to the IUCN for all species found is Least Concern. Further research is recommended to add to the list of herpetofauna in the Tapos Resort area that have not yet been found.
Effect of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) and Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.) on Alloxan-Induced Toxicity Sasnita, Natalia; Indahsari, Noer Kumala; Tjandra, Lusiani
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11772

Abstract

Alloxan is a diabetogenic substance that damages pancreatic β-cells through mechanisms involving oxidative stress. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of extracts derived from bitter melon and garlic (Momordica charantia L. and Allium sativum L.) in liver histology of rats given alloxan. An experimental laboratory approach with a post-test control group design was applied. The animals were allocated into seven groups: K- as the negative control, K+ as the positive control, P0 receiving glibenclamide, P1 and P2 treated with garlic extract (100 and 150 mg/kgBW), and P3 and P4 given bitter melon extract at similar dose levels. Following the intervention, liver histopathology was assessed. The findings indicated that alloxan administration led to greater hepatic tissue damage compared to the negative control group. The P3 and P4 groups had the highest histopathology values, which suggested more serious liver damage. These results imply that the given doses of bitter melon and garlic extracts may raise the metabolic burden in hepatic tissue and did not show hepatoprotective benefits in alloxan-induced rats.
Detection and Antibiotic Resistance of Salmonella spp. in Peranakan Etawa Goats Rosyidi, Anwar; Ali, Muhammad; Sriasih, Made; Depamede, Sulaiman N.; Wariata, Wayan; Yusuf, Muhammad Deni
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11787

Abstract

Diseases in goats reduce productivity and may cause reproductive disorders and zoonotic risks. Salmonellosis, caused by Salmonella spp., is an important livestock disease that can infect ruminants and poultry and contaminate animal products, affecting animal and human health. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence and the prevalence of Salmonella in Peranakan Etawa (PE) goats and to evaluate the antibiotic resistance profile of the isolates. Fecal samples were collected from 20 Peranakan Etawa goats and examined for the presence of Salmonella. Data on Salmonella cases and inhibition zone diameters (mm) obtained from antibiotic susceptibility testing were analyzed descriptively. The goats were managed under a semi-intensive system. They were fed odot grass supplemented with concentrate and silage additives, provided with well water as a drinking source, with feed troughs cleaned once daily and manure removed weekly. No anthelmintic treatment had been administered during the previous eight months. The results indicated that Salmonella infection was detected in 5% of the PE goats. The isolates showed the highest sensitivity to ciprofloxacin (25 mm inhibition zone), followed by chloramphenicol (8 mm) and tetracycline (7.33 mm), while resistance was observed against ampicillin.  
Application of Recombinant DNA Technology (RDT) in Insulin Production as Diabetes Mellitus Therapy: Systematic Literature Review Tajusman, Marwadani; Putri, Amelia; Hala, Yusmina
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11792

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is known as a chronic metabolic disease characterized by impaired insulin production or function, resulting in prolonged hyperglycemia. The availability of safe, effective, and affordable insulin is crucial in managing this disease. Advances in biotechnology through the application of recombinant DNA technology (RDT) have enabled the mass production of human insulin with high purity. This literature review aims to analyze the application of recombinant DNA technology in insulin production and evaluate its contribution as a diabetes mellitus therapy. The method used was a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of various scientific articles and relevant academic sources discussing genetic engineering processes, microorganism expression systems, and the effectiveness of recombinant insulin through the Scopus database. The results of the study indicate that the technique of inserting the human insulin gene into a plasmid vector and expressing it through microorganisms such as Escherichia coli or yeast allows the production of insulin that is structurally identical to natural human insulin. This technology improves therapeutic safety, reduces the risk of immunological reactions compared to animal-based insulin, and supports the availability of industrial-scale production. The application of recombinant DNA technology plays a significant role in the development of more effective, safe, and sustainable diabetes mellitus therapies.
Diversity of Waterbirds in the Mangrove Area of Syiah Kuala District, Banda Aceh Ghifari, Ahmad Zidan Al; Ahadi, Rizky; Kamal, Samsul; Agustina, Elita; Putri, Riri Rahmadani
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11796

Abstract

The diversity of bird species illustrates the range of species present across ecosystems, which is characterized by variations in morphology, behavior, ecological roles, and their adaptability to environmental conditions. In mangrove ecosystems, birds function as important biological components that contribute to maintaining ecological balance and overall system stability. This research was conducted to determine the diversity level and composition of water bird species in the mangrove area of Syiah Kuala District, Banda Aceh, in order to provide scientific information for conservation planning and sustainable ecosystem management. The study applied an exploratory survey method by carrying out direct observations at selected sampling points based on purposive sampling considerations. Fieldwork was conducted in December 2025 within the mangrove ecosystem of Syiah Kuala District, Banda Aceh. The collected data on water bird diversity were processed and analyzed using the Shannon–Wiener diversity index formula. The observation results recorded a total of 291 individual water birds, consisting of 10 species grouped into 5 families. The calculated diversity index value (H' = 2.010429) indicates a moderate diversity category. These findings demonstrate that the mangrove ecosystem in Syiah Kuala District still has the capacity to support biodiversity. Therefore, proper management and continuous conservation efforts are necessary to ensure the sustainability of this ecosystem.
Efficacy and Antifungal Mechanism of root exudate Kaempferia galanga against Colletotrichum capsici Purniawan, Andri; Suwandi, Suwandi; Fadli, Rahmad; Apriliani, Berta
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11802

Abstract

Colletotrichum capsici causes anthracnose in chili plants, which can drastically impair productivity and fruit quality. Pesticide-based pest control is often ineffective, necessitating a more environmentally friendly option. The purpose of this study is to investigate the suppressive microbiome capability of Kaempferia galanga rhizome exudate in preventing C. capici growth. The microbiome is obtained by enrichment with a pathogenic inoculum and the addition of chitin. In vitro, antifungal activity was assessed by monitoring the percentage of colony inhibition, changes in hyphal shape, and measuring electrical conductivity (EC) as a sign of cell membrane damage. According to research findings, the suppressive microbiome can restrict the establishment of pathogenic colonies while also inducing the creation of chlamydospores in response to stress. The inclusion of chitin resulted in the strongest antifungal activity and elevated the EC value to 320.67 µS cm-1, indicating electrolyte leakage from cell membrane disruption. These findings suggest that the microbiome from K. galanga rhizome exudate has the potential to act as a biological control agent for anthracnose in chili peppers. More research is required to discover the important microorganisms and bioactive chemicals involved in antifungal processes.
The Effect of Adding Molasses to Avocado Seed Flour (Persea americana) Silage on Physical and Chemical Quality Yakin, Engkus Ainul; Mulyono, Ali Mursyid Wahyu; Purwati, Catur Suci; Sukaryani, Sri
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11807

Abstract

Avocado seed meal, a part of the avocado plant that is rich in antioxidants and various other nutrients and non-nutrient substances, has great potential to be used as an herbal additive in animal feed. This study aims to determine the effect of molasses addition on the nutrient profile and quality of avocado seed meal silage. The control treatment (P1) used plain avocado seed flour, while the experimental treatments (P2, P3, and P4) incorporated increasing molasses concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3% of dry matter, respectively. All treatments were stored for 21 days at ambient temperature. The metrics assessed included nutrient composition, physical characteristics, and fresh silage quality. The data collected were evaluated using analysis of variance, and differences in parameter values among treatments were additionally examined with DMRT at a significance level of 5%. Findings showed that molasses notably improved the silage's nutrient composition and fresh quality (P<0.05), but had no significant effect on physical quality (P>0.05). The conclusion of this study suggests that adding 3% molasses can produce the highest-quality avocado seed meal silage as an optimal feed for livestock.
Evaluation of Land Suitability for Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in Banyuroto, Nanggulan Subdistrict, Kulonprogo Regency, Yogyakarta Al Farezi, Rizky Ahmad; Kusumawati, Anna; Widyatama, Adiprasetya; Pambayun, Lintang
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11809

Abstract

The government has launched a sugar self-sufficiency program to increase sugarcane production. One of the strategies is land extensification by opening and managing new areas based on land suitability that meets the growth requirements of sugarcane. This research aims to identify the land suitability in Banyuroto Village for sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.). The research was conducted from February to May 2024 in Banyuroto Village, Nanggulan Subdistrict, Kulonprogo Regency, Yogyakarta. This study used a descriptive exploratory method with a field survey approach to identify land characteristics and evaluate the level of land suitability. Location points were determined using a purposive method with two Land Map Units (LMU) in Sambiroto and Kesoh hamlets. Soil sampling at each LMU was carried out using simple random sampling. Rainfall and air temperature data were obtained from the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) for the period 2019–2023. Observed land characteristics include soil texture, drainage conditions, effective soil depth, soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic C content, total nitrogen (N-total), available phosphorus (P-available), percentage of surface rocks, and slope gradient. Calculation and determination of land suitability class, using the matching method, by comparing observed climate and land characteristics with sugarcane growing requirements based on land suitability evaluation criteria. The results show that Banyuroto Village, Nanggulan District, Kulon Progo, has an actual suitability class of S3oa,na for sugarcane cultivation, which means marginally suitable for sugarcane cultivation, with limiting factors being soil drainage and available nutrients. This is likely the cause of less-than-optimal sugarcane productivity. If improvements have been made, such as through soil cultivation (plowing), the creation of an intensive drainage system, and proper KCl fertilizer management, it has the potential to become a suitability class of S2 (fairly suitable).

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