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Kota mataram,
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,562 Documents
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Fauna Biodiversity as Indicator of Mangrove Forest Health on Moti Island, Moti District, Ternate City Salim Abubakar; Masykhur Abdul Kadir Masykhur Abdul Kadir; Reni Tyas Asrining Pertiwi; Rina Rina; Riyadi Subur; Sunarti Sunarti; Yuyun Abubakar; Adi Noman Susanto; Ariyati H. Fadel
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2021): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i3.3009

Abstract

The health condition of mangrove forests can be determined by assessing forest health indicators. One of the indicators used in determining the health of mangrove forests is faunal biodiversity. Measurement of forest health is a step that can be taken to ensure forest functions and benefits. The study's objectives were to determine the composition of mangrove species and mangrove forest fauna (birds and epifauna), to determine the structure of the fauna community which includes species diversity and species dominance and to determine the health condition of mangrove forests on Moti Island, Ternate Island District. This research was conducted on Moti Island, Moti District, Ternate City, North Maluku Province for six months, April - September 2021. A Sampling of mangroves was carried out using the "spot check" method. Meanwhile, the method used to assess mangroves' health condition refers to the FHM (Forest Health Monitoring) method. There are nine species of mangrove, namely Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora mucronata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Sonneratia alba, Xylocarpus granatum, Avicennia offincinalis, A. marina and Nypa fruticans. While the composition of fauna species is as many as 18 species consisting of Epifauna (Gastropoda = 12 species, Bivalve = 2 species) and birds as many as four species. The diversity of mangrove forest fauna species in all research locations is moderate and no species dominate. The health status of mangrove forests, both Tafaga and Figur villages, has 60% good condition, 20% moderate and poor conditions.
Ethnobotanical Study of Sengkineh Cultural Tradition in Keruak District, East Lombok Regency Sp. Ridha Titiani Fitri Al-idrus; Sukiman Sukiman; Kurniasih Sukenti
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2021): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i3.2898

Abstract

Sengkineh is a seven-month cultural tradition since pregnancy, a coastal cultural tradition originating from Sulawesi that passed down from generation to generation. Three ethnic descendants carry out this tradition in the coastal area of Keruak District, namely Mandar, Bugis, and Bajo tribes. The rule consists of three rituals stages: throwing reinforcements into the sea, attaching a necklace to the stomach, and putting the bantang as a sign that they have followed or undergone the ritual. This tradition uses plant resources during its rituals. This study aims to determine the types of plants used in Sengkineh tradition in the Keruak District, East Lombok Regency, related to the plants used and the socio-cultural aspects of the tradition. It is hoped that the results of this research can become a reference for efforts to conserve natural and cultural resources, especially the types of plants used in Sengkineh tradition. This research is a descriptive exploratory survey that was conducted in August - September 2020 in Keruak District, East Lombok Regency. Data collection was carried out through interviews, participatory observation and documentation. Selection of respondents used purposive sampling and snowball sampling (non-discriminative snowball) methods. Data were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively, based on the calculation of Reported Use (RU) and Index of Cultural Significance (ICS). Based on the results obtained, 19 species of plants belong to 12 families and 17 genera used in Sengkineh tradition in Keruak District, East Lombok Regency. Plant species are dominated by Poaceae and Arecaceae which involves three species each. There are four use categories in Sengkineh tradition: offerings, ritual equipment, food ingredients, and secondary materials.
Local Wisdom of the Rantau Panjang Community, Simpang Hilir District, Kayong Utara Regency in Utilizing Medicinal Plants Muhammad Saupi; Hikma Yanti; Yeni Mariani; Fathul Yusro
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2021): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i3.2949

Abstract

Medicinal plants for modern society today are still one of the alternative options in healthcare treatment. This condition is due to the local culture, tradition, and wisdom of a group of people that are still solid and thick. This study aims to analyze the types of medicinal plants used by the community in Rantau Panjang, Simpang Hilir District, North Kayong Regency. This research uses the survey method by conducting interviews with the community and identifying medicinal plants in the field. A sampling of the people who became respondents was done with a purposive sampling technique. The total number of respondents is 333 people distributed in several sub-village, namely Sepakat Jaya 71 people, Tembok Baru 65 people, Ampera 37 people, Makmur 61 people, Sinar Palung 25 people, Kebal Manuk 12 people, Sinar Selatan 35 people and Siput Lestari 27 people. The data obtained were analyzed for Use Value (UV) and Fidelity Level (FL). The village community of Rantau Panjang utilizes 69 types of medicinal plants, with the predominant plant family is Zingiberaceae. The highest use of plant parts is leaves (37.68%), the most common method of processing is boiled (57.97%), and the most extensive way of use is drunk as much as (60.86%). The plants with the highest UV values are turmeric (Curcuma longa L) (0.42), red liyak (Zingiber officinale Linn) (0.34), white turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria L) (0.28), and betel (Piper betle L) (0.22). The types of plants have the highest FL value (100), namely simpur, ketumbar, sawo, leban, pulai, jantung pisang, bunga raya, alalang, durian, nipah, kopi, selo daging, keladi, paku ikan, pegage, kumis kucing, mahkota dewa, belange, belimbing pelunjuk, asam jawa, andong, limau sambal, jambu biji, lidah buaya, pinang, leban, mentimun, daun salam, mentimun, manggis, bajakah, cempedak, pandan wangi, pasak bumi, tebu merah, jengkol, cengkodok, anggrek dan ketepeng.
Efficacy of fumigation Medang wood (Chinnamomum javanicum) at different times against Schizophyllum commune Fries fungus Farah Diba; Lolyta Sisillia; Juan Arif Tertiadi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2021): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i3.2920

Abstract

The use of wood for the timber industry increases, but wood with a high natural durability class, especially class I & II was limited. Efforts to improve the quality of wood are needed. The research purposed to increase the durability of Medang wood (Chinnamomum javanicum) with the preservation methods using fumigation and evaluated against Schizophyllum commune Fries fungi. Medang wood from gubal area was achieved from Kubu Raya Regency and made into a sample for preservation treatment measuring 5 cm x 2 cm x 2 cm. The wood preservation methods used fumigation. The fumigation process used an oven and time of fumigation consisting of 12 hours, 24 hours, and 36 hours. The temperature process was 80oC. After preservation, the wood was tested against Schizophyllum commune Fries based on SNI 7207-2014. The result of preservation showed that the fumigation process changed the color of Medang wood. The color changed from white pale into brown (12 hours fumigation), dark brown (24 hours fumigation), and very dark brown (36 hours fumigation). The weight loss of Medang wood after 12 weeks attacked by Schizophyllum commune Fries fungi was range between 2.45% - 3.44%. The weight loss of Medang wood on treatment 12 hours fumigation was 3.44%, on treatment 24 hours was 3.34% and on the treatment of 36 hours was 2.45%. After the fumigation methods, the durability of Medang wood increased into II class. The compound from smoke during the fumigation process, which functions as antifungi, was phenol. The optimum treatment to increase the durability of Medang wood was fumigation for 36 hours with a temperature of 80oC.
Physiological Respons of Bali and Simbal Cattles on the Thermal Environtment of Lowland and Highland Areas in Lombok Island Lalu Wira Pribadi; Rr. Agustien Suhardiani; Tahyah Hidjaz; M. Ashari; Happy Poerwoto; Rina Andriati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2021): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i3.2771

Abstract

The effort to increase productivity of Bali cattle in Lombok Island made use of crossbreeding with exotic breeds, such as Simmental, Limousine, Charolais, Hereford, and Brahman breed, in which Simmental was suggested the best one. However, replacing indigenous with exotic breed might in fact create significant problem, especially low tolerance on harsh environment condition and increased work to feed each animal because of higher growth and greater size at maturity. This study that mean objective to investigate the physiological respons of Bali and Simbal cattle  on the thermal environment of lowland and highland areas in Lombok island, was carried out by measure the rectal temperature (BT, oC), respiration rate (RR, resp/min), and heat tolerance coefficient (HTC) of 320 cattles in lowland and 280 cattle in highland, each consisted of pure Bali breed (B), crossbred of B x Simmental (SB), backcross of SB x Simmental (SBS), and backcross of SB x Bali (SBB). Each genotype consist of male and female, and 24-36 months of age. All cattle observed are ordered to be similar condition with BCS 3-5. The thermal condition of lowland and highland are measured from air temperature (oC), relative humidity (%), and temperature humidity index (THI). Data were analysed by using Anova and further test using HSD-test. Results of the study shows, the daily temperature and THI data obtained for the lowland environment are in considered to thermal stress zone for beef cattle, whereas those of found for the highland are within range of safety zone for cattle production. Physiological response shuch as BT, RR, and HTC, were significantly higher for cattle in the lowland than those in highland. The crossbreds cattle with higher proportion of Simmental genetic showed higher BT, RR, and HTC in the lowland, but became decrease in highland environment by higher decreasing index. It could be conclused that environmental condition in lowland with average THI of 80.02 lead to coused thermal stress to genotypes of Simbal cattle based on HTC wich in average of 2.91; however in highland wich average THI of 69.39 each genotype of cattle shows physiological responses in the normal range. 
The Effect of Red Paprika Juice (Capsium annum) Addition into the Feed to Brightness of The Red Comet Fish Colour (Carassium auratus) Anisa Larasati Humairo; Muhammad Junaidi; Muhammad Marzuki
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2021): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i3.2989

Abstract

This study aims to determine the color change of comet fish (Carasium auratus) after being given additional feed in the form of red paprika juice. Measurement of the fish color was carried out every 10 days for 1 month and visual observations were made with digital photos and analyzed the colors using Adobe Photoshop CS4 software. In this study, different concentrations of paprika juice were used. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD).There were 5 treatments, namely P0 without the addition of red paprika juice (control), P1 with the addition of 2% paprika juice, P2 with the addition of 4% paprika juice, P3 with the addition of 6% paprika juice, and P4 with the addition of 8% paprika juice, which was performed on 3 times for each. The research data were analyzed using statistical analysis Unvariate One Way Analysis of Variance at 5% level with a 95% confidence interval. The results showed that the highest increase in color quality was obtained in the P3 treatment with an average value of 63.85 ± 2.12, the highest specific weight growth rate was obtained in P3 treatment with an average value of 60.825 ± 0.59 days, the highest specific length growth rate was obtained atP3 treatment with an average value of 1.37 ± 0.28 grams, while at the survival rate there is a significant value or not significantly different. The conclusion of this study is the effect of adding red paprika juice in the feed affects the color quality and specific growth rate, while the survival rate is not affected. Furthermore, the dose of red paprika juice added to the feed can improve the color quality of comet fish with the highest value found in P3 (with the addition of 6% paprika juice), namely 63.85.
Growth of Pepper Plant (Piper nigrum Linn.) After Application of Organic Fertilizer Leaves of Gamal (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq) Kunth.) Iir Purwanto; Zulfa Zakiah; Riza Linda
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2021): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i3.2838

Abstract

Pepper (Piper nigrum Linn.) is the most traded spice commodity among other spices.  The problem with pepper farming in West Kalimantan is the lack of nutrient availability because plantation land is dominated by ultisol soils. Gamal leaf liquid organic diapers application is expected to increase the availability of nutrients in the growing media.  The aim of the study was to determine the nutrient content of the liquid organic diapers of gamal leaves, to see the effect, as well as the best concentration and time of application on the vegetative growth of pepper plants. The study was carried out for four months, namely from January to April 2020 at the Pepper Plantation of Tengon Village, using a factorial compeletely randomized design pattern consisting of 2 factors, the concentration such as 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% control and liquid organic fertilizer application time (every time week and every two weeks).  The results showed that liquid organic fertilizer of gamal leaves contained 12.7% C-organic., 0.27% N-Total., 47.03 C/N ratio., 0,25% P., and 0,29 K. The results of the research that giving Gamal leaf liquid organic fertilizer had a significant effect on shoot length, number of shoots and number of leaves of pepper plants, however, it did not significantly affect the time of emergence of pepper shoots. Liquid organic fertilizer concentration of 40% and time of application every week gave the best effect on shoot length (25.33 cm), number of shoots (4.33 shoots), and number of leaves (14.33 strands).  It was concluded that the  liquid organic diapers concentration treatment of gamal leaves had a significant effect on shoot length, number of shoots, and number of leaves of pepper plants but did not significantly affect the time of shoots emerging for pepper plants.  The best poc concentration that increases pepper plant growth is 40% with every week application.  It is recommended that further research can be carried out on the manufacture of  liquid organic diapers of gamal leaves combined with animal waste on the growth of pepper plants, with application time of 2-3 times in one week.
Analysis of Heavy Metal Content of Copper (Cu) in Milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsk) from Milkfish Farms in Bima Bay 2020 Muhamad Alfian Yunanmalifah; khairuddin khairuddin; M. Yamin
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2021): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i3.2907

Abstract

Fish are aquatic organisms and are often used as biological indicators of heavy metals in waters, because fish belong to the highest trophic level and their nature is to settle in certain habitats. This research aims to explore the Cu content in milkfish from the Bima Bay milkfish aquaculture to determine the copper content in milkfish from the Bima Bay milkfish aquaculture. The usefulness of this research is to provide information on the Cu content of milkfish aquaculture in Bima Bay. This research was conducted for four months, starting from February - June 2021. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling at 2 location points with three repetitions. Samples were analyzed at BLKPK NTB Province using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry tool. The results showed that the Cu Content in Palibelo ranged from 0.814 mg/kg (ppm) to 0.915 mg/kg (ppm), so that an average of 0.856 mg/kg (ppm) was obtained. Meanwhile, the Cu Content in Melayu ranged from 0.351 mg/kg (ppm) to 0.441 mg/kg (ppm), so that an average of 0.387 mg/kg (ppm) was obtained. The average total Cu content in milkfish in the Bima Bay area is 0.621 mg/kg (ppm). Based on these results, it can be concluded that the Cu content in milkfish meat from milkfish aquaculture in Bima Bay is 0.621 mg/kg (ppm). The content is very far below the threshold according to the Regulation of the Dirjen POM No.03725/B/SK/VII/89 which is 20 mg/kg so that it is safe for consumption by the public.
Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) Effect on Mutagenesis in Balinese Red Rice (Oryza sativa cv. Barak Cenana) Ida Bagus Made Arta Dana; Popy Hartatie Hardjo; Maria Goretti Marianti Purwanto; Aloysia Sri Pujiyanti; Indriyani Indriyani
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2021): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i3.2815

Abstract

“Barak Cenana” is one of the local red rice (Oryza sativa) with high economic value due to its nutrient content. Some of the agronomic characters such as tall shoot, low number of tiller, and late harvesting are drawbacks to improving production. Ethyl Methyl Sulphonate (EMS) is a chemical mutagen widely used to improve rice characters by mutation breeding. The present research aims to investigate the EMS concentration suitable to induce mutation in Barak Cenana and observe the mutagenesis effect of EMS on some agronomic characters of Barak Cenana. For those purposes, mature seeds of Barak Cenana were treated with various concentrations of EMS (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, and 1.1 %) for 24 hours. Seed germination, plant growth, some agronomic character related to productivity were compared to untreated rice. EMS reduced and delayed seed germination and inhibit shoot and root growth in early vegetative stage. The ability of EMS to reduce and delay seed germination and inhibit shoot and root growth were doses dependent. EMS concentration of more than 1.0% was lethal for Barak cenana and EMS concentration at 0.75% was able to reduce rice productivity by increasing seed sterility. EMS concentrations between 0.25 and 0.5% with 24 h of soaking are suitable for inducing mutagenesis in Barak Cenana. Additionally, some mutants with distinct morphology such as sterile plant, semi-dwarf, high tillering capacity, and high chlorophyll contents were produced in this research.
Supplementation of Lysine Essential Amino Acids in Commercial Feed to Increase Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) in Catfish (Pangasius sp.) Fillet Muhammad Taufiq Shidqi; Agustono Agustono; Mirni Lamid; Putu Angga Wiradana
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2021): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i3.2995

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to see how adding the amino acid lysine to commercial feed affects the amount of EPA and DHA in catfish (Pangasius sp.) flesh. This study is an experimental study with a totally randomized design that includes four treatments and five replications. P0 (100% commercial feed + 1.2 percent amino acid lysine), P2 (100% commercial feed + 2.2 percent amino acid lysine), and P3 (100% commercial feed + 3.2 percent amino acid lysine) were the treatments. The parameters observed were EPA and DHA in catfish meat. Data analysis used ANOVA and continued with the DUNCAN test (p 0.05). The results showed that the addition of the amino acid lysine to commercial feed for 30 days of maintenance was able to increase the EPA and DHA content in catfish meat. The highest EPA content was obtained by treatment P1 (1.2% amino acid lysine), which was 0.597%, while the highest DHA content was obtained by treatment P2 (2.2% amino acid lysine), which was 0.747%. Our findings demonstrate that adding the amino acid lysine to the diet can result in nutrient-rich catfish flesh. However, studies on the influence of lysine amino acid on the growth rate, survival rate, and cholesterol ratio in catfish flesh are predicted to enhance the productivity of this very nutritious fish.

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