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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14119420     EISSN : 24601578     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,956 Documents
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Synthesis, Characterization and Thermogravimetric Study of Some Metal Complexes of Selenazone Ligand Nanoparticles Analogue of Dithizone Zuhair Ali Abdulnabi; Faris Abdulridhah Jassim Al-doghachi; Hassan Thamir Abdulsahib
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 5 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.65763

Abstract

A new method for preparing 1,5-diphenylselenocarbazone (selenazone) nanoparticles and their complexes with Pb2+, Cd2+, Co2+, and Ni2+ has been performed using hot methanol solvent. The ligand and its complexes were characterized using FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), EI-mass spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), HG and flame-atomic absorption spectrophotometer, thermal analysis (TG/DTA), and molar conductance measurements. The molar conductance measurements in all complexes were recorded low values in DMSO, indicating that all the metal complexes were non-electrolytes except the nickel complex that possessed an electrolytic nature. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of complexes (A, E, ∆H, ∆S, and ∆G) have been computed using three kinetic models of Coast-Redfern, Broido, and Horowitz-Metzger, that illustrated the decomposition reactions in all steps were nonspontaneous. Thermogravimetric analyses (TG/DTA) were consistent with the atomic spectroscopy data proving that the geometry shape of all the complexes was octahedral.
Influence of Cobalt Substitution in LaMnO3 on Catalytic Propylene Oxidation Teotone Inas Mariano Vaz; Sridhar Maruti Gurav; Arun Vithal Salker
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 5 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.65766

Abstract

Perovskite-type structures LaBO3 with the compositions of LaMn1-xCoxO3 (x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0) were synthesized at 800 °C by a modified co-precipitation precursor technique for total oxidation of propylene, as a model test of the hydrocarbon oxidation reaction. Details concerning the evolution of the crystal structure, morphology, and crystallite size were performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermo Gravimetry Analysis (TGA)/Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) techniques. All compositions were identified to be single-phase and are indexed to rhombohedral structures. TG/DSC technique evidenced a temperature of 330 °C needed for the precursor as the start point and 800 °C completion for perovskite phase formation. Slight distortion in XRD diffraction peaks was observed on substituting manganese with cobalt in B-site, and new peaks emerged. An attempt has been made to understand the effect of the B-site substitution of Co3+ ions in the lattice of LaMnO3 and their influence on catalytic total propylene oxidation efficiency. These compounds show a considerable increase in the activity of propylene oxidation to carbon dioxide and water and could be explored for hydrocarbon pollution control.
Exploring the Potency of Nigella sativa Seed in Inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Using Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations Ari Hardianto; Muhammad Yusuf; Ika Wiani Hidayat; Safri Ishmayana; Ukun Mochammad Syukur Soedjanaatmadja
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 5 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.65951

Abstract

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a pandemic burdening the global economy. It is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Black cumin (Nigella sativa) seed may contain antivirals for the disease since it was reported to inhibit the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Main protease (Mpro) is a vital protein for viral replication and a promising target for COVID-19 drug development. Hence, in this study, we intended to uncover the potency of N. sativa seed as the natural source of inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. We collected secondary metabolites in N. sativa seed through a literature search and employed Lipinski’s rule of five as the initial filter. Subsequently, virtual screening campaigns using a molecular docking method were performed, with N3 inhibitor and leupeptin as reference ligands. The top hits were analyzed further using a molecular dynamics simulation approach. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that binding affinities of nigellamine A2 and A3 to Mpro are comparable to that of leupeptin, with median values of -43.9 and -36.2 kcal mol–1, respectively. Ultimately, this study provides scientific information regarding N. sativa seeds’ potency against COVID-19 and helps direct further wet experiments.
Solubility and Partition Coefficient of Salicylamide in Various pH Buffer Solutions Dewi Isadiartuti; Noorma Rosita; Esti Hendradi; Firdausiah Fania Dwi Putri Putri; Frida Magdalena
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 5 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.66411

Abstract

The solubility and partition coefficient are essential physicochemical parameters in developing a pharmaceutical dosage form of medicine. In addition, these parameters help to predict the absorption of an active compound in oral or topical dosage forms. Salicylamide, an active ingredient available in oral and topical dosage forms, is a weak acid (pKa 8.2) and is sparingly soluble in water. Meanwhile, its solubility and partition coefficients are influenced by the pH of the environment. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is used to predict solubility-pH and partition-pH profiles at various pH solutions. This study aims to determine salicylamide's solubility and partition coefficient in various pH (2–11). Both tests were carried out in various pH buffer solutions (at a concentration of 0.02 M and 0.2 ionic strength) in a water bath shaker at a temperature of 37 ± 0.5 °C. In addition, the salicylamide content was determined using the UV spectrophotometer method at the maximum wavelength at each pH. The results showed that the solubility increased at pH 2–10, while the partition coefficient value decreased. On the other hand, at pH 11, there was an increase in the number of ionized species, but the solubility decreased.
Difluoroboron Curcumin Complex: A Study on Determination of Acidity Constants and Quantitative Analysis of Arsenic(III) Nguyen Quoc Thang; Tran Nguyen Minh An; Le Thi Thanh Tran; Do Tam Nhan; Mai Ngoc Tan; Le Van Tan
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 5 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.66990

Abstract

In this study, the complex of difluoroboron, curcumin (BF2-Cur), has been synthesized and characterized via the combination of Boron trifluoride-diethyl etherate ((C2H5)2OBF3) and curcumin. However, the new dissociation constants, pKa1 and pKa2 of the BF2-Cur complex, have been indicted by the values of 8.44 ± 0.16 and 9.76 ± 0.13, respectively. On the other hand, the reagent was also used to determine As(III) in aqueous solutions by UV–Vis spectrophotometry. As a result, the method was validated for accuracy, precision, linearity, and sensitivity, and the linear range was from 1.0 to 25.0 µmol/L, with the linear regression, A = 0.0027 C + 0.0106, correlation coefficient R2 = 0.9969. Besides, the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were determined as 0.83 and 2.10 µmol/L, respectively. Thus, the developed method is successfully used for quantitative analysis of total arsenic in wastewater by reducing As(V) to As(III), then determining As(III) with high accuracy results.
The Use of Chemometrics for Classification of Sidaguri (Sida rhombifolia) Based on FTIR Spectra and Antiradical Activities Abdul Rohman; Asefin Nurul Ikhtiarini; Widiastuti Setyaningsih; Mohamad Rafi; Nanik Siti Aminah; Muhamad Insanu; Irnawati Irnawati; Djoko Santosa
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 6 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.64360

Abstract

Sidaguri (Sida rhombifolia) is one of the herbal components used in traditional medicine. The application of chemometrics in the standardization of herbal medicine is common. The objective of this study was to classify Sidaguri from different regions based on FTIR spectra with chemometrics of principal component analysis (PCA) and to correlate the antioxidant activities with FTIR spectra using the multivariate calibration of partial least square regression (PLSR). The extraction of Sidaguri powder was performed using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) at optimum conditions. The obtained extracts were subjected to antiradical scavenging activities using DPPH (2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals. The PCA result shows that Sidaguri from different regions could be separated using 14 wavenumbers of FTIR spectra based on the PCA's loading plot. PLSR regression using the second derivative FTIR spectra at wavenumbers of 3662–659 cm–1 could predict radical scavenging activities (RSA) of Sidaguri with R2 values of 0.9636 and 0.9024 for calibration and validation models, with RMSEC and RMSEP values of 1.45% and 2.65%, respectively. It can be concluded that FTIR spectra treated by PCA were reliable for classifying Sidaguri from different regions. At the same time, PLSR was accurate and precise enough to predict the RSA of Sidaguri.
Synthesis of Symmetrical Acetophenone Azine Derivatives as Colorimetric and Fluorescent Cyanide Chemosensors Nur Masyittah Irmi; Bambang Purwono; Chairil Anwar
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 6 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.64428

Abstract

Cyanide is a highly toxic anion and poison to the environment. Therefore, fast, effective, and efficient analysis methods to detect cyanide are needed. Herein, symmetrical chemosensor of 2’-hydroxy acetophenone azine (1) and 2’,4’-dihydroxy acetophenone azine (2) has been synthesized tested as colorimetric and fluorescent cyanide chemosensor. The azines were produced from the condensation of acetophenone derivatives with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol under reflux or ultrasonic irradiation methods. Colorimetric and fluorescent chemosensor tests showed selectivity to acetate and cyanide anions in DMSO. The limit of detection (LOD) for colorimetric measurement of cyanide anion was 9.68×10–4 M for compound (1) and 9.63×10–5 M for compound (2), while the fluorescent method showed 15.90×10–4 M for compound (1) and 8.95×10–5 M for compound (2), respectively. In addition, test paper-strips containing sensor 2 indicated noticeable results for 'naked eye' detection of cyanide in an aqueous medium.
Isolation of Ethyl p-Methoxycinnamate from Azadirachta indica Root Bark as Hong Kong Caterpillar (Tenebrio molitor) Antifeedant Rosnani Nasution; Cut Nyak Candein; Nurdin Saidi; Muhammad Bahi; Marianne Marianne
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 6 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.64487

Abstract

This study aims to identify the antifeedant activity of Azadirachta indica A. Juss root bark against Hong Kong caterpillar (Tenebrio molitor). A. indica A. root was macerated in n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The investigation of antifeedant activity was conducted by using the no choice leaf disk method. The antifeedant activity (%AI) tests showed that the extracts of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol with each concentration of 0.5% were 6.71, 71.78, and 40.14%, respectively. The ethyl acetate extract demonstrated the most active antifeedant activity. Ethyl acetate extract was fractionated to obtain five subfractions (A-E). Each subfraction with each concentration of 0.5% showed the %AI of 70.55, 85.29; 67.40, 82.70 and 82.22%, respectively. Furthermore, GC-MS results demonstrated that ethyl acetate extract contained 19 compounds. The main compounds are methyl hexadecanoate and methyl 8-octadecenoate. Further purification of fraction A, which has the highest amount, was then carried out. The obtained isolate, i.e., A32, was determined as ethyl p-methoxycinnamate confirmed by 13C- and 1H-NMR, FTIR, and MS spectra. The presence of ethyl p-methoxycinnamate makes A. indica A. root is potential as T. molitor antifeedant. The implication of these findings is to reference herbal antifeedants and reduce the use of synthetic pesticides.
Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Munronia Genus (Meliaceae) Kindi Farabi; Unang Supratman
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 6 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.64502

Abstract

Munronia is a genus in the Meliaceae family, which consists of over 17 species that are distributed in the subtropical and tropical area of Asia, including southern China, Vietnam, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, India, Indonesia, and the Philippines. It is known that these plants contain valuable bioactive compounds. Since the first isolation of new stigmastane steroid was reported in 2003, researchers have been able to study the chemical composition of these plants, especially the largest secondary metabolite obtained, limonoid. About 97 compounds were isolated successfully and characterized. The reported compounds showed various biological activities, such as antifeedant, antimicrobial, antiangiogenic, cytotoxic against several cancer cell lines, inducing apoptosis, and anti-tobacco mosaic virus activities. Therefore, the results suggest that the use of this plant as a source of bioactive compounds is promising for the medicinal chemistry field.
Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation of Clove (Syzgium aromaticum) Stem Oil: Optimization and Chemical Constituents Analysis Haqqyana Haqqyana; Ali Altway; Mahfud Mahfud
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 6 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.64521

Abstract

One of the extensively prosperous potential aromatic plants is the clove (Syzgium aromaticum). This is owing to all parts of this plant (bud, stem, and leaves) contain a decent amount of essential oils. The current study focuses on the use of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MHD) in extracting clove stem essential oils. This study aims to obtain the best possible combination of operating parameters for a high yield of clove stem oil using response surface methodology. The current study adopted a face-centered central composite design to optimize the MHD operational parameters, including the feed-to-solvent ratio, microwave power, and extraction time. The observed data from the experiments were fitted to a reduced quadratic polynomial equation. The three operational parameters were shown to significantly affect the extraction yield of the clove stem oil (p  < 0.05), yet the statistical significance for the interaction between each parameter was considerably weak. Furthermore, the adjusted R2 value measured comparably to the corresponding R2 value with the difference below 0.2, implying a high correlation between experimental and model-predicted data. Thus, this result demonstrates the suitability of the model used in the experiment.

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