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INDONESIA
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Published by Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
ISSN : 0853196X     EISSN : 26148889     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Indonesian Journal of Oil Palm Research Volume 26 Number 2 Year 2018 is published by presenting articles: Utilization of candlenut shell charcoal (Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.) as adsorben on refinery of Crude Palm Oil (CPO); Application of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model for predicting oil palm Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) yield based on rainfall and the previous level of yield; Utilization of endophytic bacteria to improve the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) seedlings growth; Nutrients use efficiency of several types of fertilizers on the oil palm seedling; and Fatty acid and carotene composition in Elaeis oleifera, interspecific hybrid, and the first pseudo-backcross in North Sumatra, Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 155 Documents
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Dampak Peningkatan Produktivitas dan Kapasitas Produksi CPO Pada Industri Hilir CPO Terhadap Produksi Biodiesel Indonesia Adelina Siregar, Indah; Rifin, Amzul; Novindra, Novindra
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 33 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v33i2.247

Abstract

Biodiesel adalah bahan bakar alternatif yang dihasilkan dari pengolahan minyak sawit. Berdasarkan kapasitas produksi, biodiesel menempati posisi kedua tertinggi produk turunan minyak sawit setelah minyak goreng, yaitu sebesar 11.4 juta ton, minyak goreng sebesar 15.3 juta ton, sabun dan detergen sebesar 3.6 juta ton, oleokimia dasar sebesar 1.7 ton dan margarin/shortening sebesar 0.8 juta ton (Ditjenbun, 2019). Dengan kapasitas industri hilir yang demikian, industri hilir minyak sawit domestik diperkirakan sudah mampu mengolah sekitar 32 juta ton CPO. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu: (1) Menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi, produktivitas dan supply demand CPO serta supply demand Biodiesel; (2) Menganalisis dampak harga permintaan minyak mentah Indonesia terhadap industri biodiesel Indonesia; (3) Menganalisis dampak peningkatan produktivitas dan kapasitas produksi CPO pada industri hilir CPO terhadap produksi biodiesel Indonesia. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa penerapan kebijakan DMO melalui peningkatan permintaan minyak sawit oleh industri biodiesel sebesar 10% berdampak terhadap meningkatnya harga riil domestik minyak sawit sebesar 0.006% sehingga menyebabkan peningkatan terhadap permintaan domestik minyak sawit Indonesia sebesar 0.05% dengan peningkatan permintaan minyak sawit oleh industri biodiesel sebesar 0.007%, permintaan minyak sawit oleh industri lain sebesar 0.001%. Peningkatan kebijakan DMO berdampak juga terhadap peningkatan produksi biodiesel sebesar 0.85% sehingga penawaran domestik biodiesel Indonesia meningkat sebesar 16.7%, ekspor biodiesel meningkat sebesar 6.88% dan terjadi penurunan harga riil domestik biodiesel sebesar 2.34%. Dampak peningkatan kapasitas produksi biodiesel maka permintaan terhadap biodiesel akan meningkat sehingga produksi bahan baku biodiesel yaitu minyak sawit akan meningkat. Dengan peningkatan produksi minyak sawit tersebut maka akan berdampak terhadap penawaran minyak sawit dan pemerintah akan melakukan ekspor yang lebih tinggi lagi.
Penilaian Tingkat Keberlanjutan Usaha Perkebunan Sawit Rakyat dengan Aplikasi Metode RAPPO di Kabupaten Simalungun, Sumatera Utara Nabila, Asma; Prima Sani Nasution, Zulfi; Akmal Agustira, Muhammad
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 33 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v33i2.291

Abstract

Eksistensi perkebunan sawit rakyat memegang peran sentral dalam pertumbuhan luas lahan perkebunan sawit di Indonesia. Namun, perkebunan sawit rakyat masih menghadapi tantangan besar terkait produktivitas dan keberlanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai tingkat keberlanjutan pekebun sawit rakyat bersertifikasi dan non-sertifikasi di Kabupaten Simalungun, Sumatera Utara, dengan menggunakan metode Rapid Appraisal for Palm Oil (RAPPO). Analisis dilakukan berdasarkan empat dimensi keberlanjutan, yaitu ekonomi, sosial, ekologi, dan kelembagaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pekebun bersertifikasi memiliki tingkat keberlanjutan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pekebun non-sertifikasi. Skor keberlanjutan kumulatif untuk pekebun bersertifikasi adalah 67,71 (kategori cukup berkelanjutan), sedangkan pekebun non-sertifikasi hanya mencapai 47,45 (kategori kurang berkelanjutan). Dimensi kelembagaan menjadi faktor pembeda, di mana pekebun bersertifikasi mendapatkan manfaat dari kelompok tani dan koperasi dalam bentuk penyuluhan, akses pasar, dan penerapan teknik budidaya berkelanjutan. Oleh karena itu, upaya penguatan kelembagaan melalui peningkatan partisipasi dalam kelompok tani dan koperasi, serta penyuluhan berkelanjutan, menjadi langkah strategis dalam meningkatkan keberlanjutan usaha perkebunan sawit rakyat di Kabupaten Simalungun.
Respon Morfologi Bibit Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Pemberian Pupuk Fadli Pangaribuan, Ikhwan; Diah Setiowati, Retno; Wening, Sri; Rahma Pratiwi, Dian; Novandi Ginting, Eko; Mardiana, Cut; Ernayunita, Ernayunita
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 33 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v33i2.294

Abstract

Kelapa sawit memerlukan pasokan nutrisi yang seimbang dan cukup untuk mencapai hasil yang optimal. Unsur-unsur seperti nitrogen (N) dan kalium (K) adalah makronutrien yang paling penting dibutuhkan oleh tanaman. Biaya aplikasi pupuk relatif tinggi, yang menimbulkan peluang dan tantangan dalam merakit bahan tanaman yang efisien dalam pemanfaatan nutrisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati respons berbagai populasi tanaman kelapa sawit terhadap perlakuan aplikasi pupuk. Penelitian ini disusun menggunakan rancangan split-split plot dengan tiga faktor: jenis pupuk [nitrogen (N1) dan kalium (N2)], dosis pupuk [0% (P0), 100% (P1), 75% (P2), dan 50% (P3) dari dosis yang dianjurkan], dan bahan tanaman [populasi 1-6 (V1-V6)], diulang sebanyak enam kali. Perlakuan dengan rata-rata tinggi tanaman tertinggi diamati pada P2, dimana pupuk diaplikasikan sebesar 75% dari dosis yang dianjurkan. Sebaliknya, kombinasi jenis pupuk dan dosis terbaik diperoleh dari N1, yang mengacu pada tanaman yang diperlakukan dengan 75% pupuk nitrogen yang dianjurkan. Berdasarkan populasi yang digunakan, populasi V1 menunjukkan rata-rata tinggi tanaman terendah, berbeda signifikan dari populasi lainnya. Ketika mengamati populasi, rata-rata jumlah daun populasi V2 dan V6 berbeda signifikan dari yang lain dan memiliki rata-rata tertinggi. Namun, ketika mengamati interaksi dengan jenis pupuk, interaksi N2V6 yang melibatkan populasi enam yang diperlakukan dengan pupuk kalium menunjukkan rata-rata jumlah daun tertinggi dan berbeda signifikan dari interaksi lainnya. Mengenai diameter batang, populasi V3, V2, V4, dan V6 memiliki rata-rata diameter batang terbesar dan berbeda signifikan dari V5 dan V1. Kombinasi perlakuan N2P2V6 (populasi enam yang diperlakukan dengan 75% pupuk kalium) dan N1P3V2 (populasi dua yang diperlakukan dengan 50% pupuk nitrogen) memiliki rata-rata diameter batang terbesar, masing-masing 8,14 cm dan 8,07 cm, dan berbeda signifikan dari 46 interaksi lainnya. Di sisi lain, rata-rata diameter batang terkecil ditemukan pada tanaman dengan interaksi N2P3V1, yang berukuran 5,33 cm, dan berbeda signifikan dari 47 interaksi lainnya.
Pengaruh Cekaman Kekeringan terhadap Pertumbuhan Vegetatif dan Keparahan Penyakit Bercak Daun Curvularia oryzae pada Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis) Priwiratama, Hari; Wijayanti, Eka; Wiyono, Suryo; Toding Tondok, Efi; Hendrastuti Hidayat, Sri; Wening, Sri
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 33 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v33i2.308

Abstract

Cekaman kekeringan merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat memengaruhi pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit. Kekeringan dalam jangka panjang berpotensi meningkatkan kerentanan kelapa sawit terhadap penyakit tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kekeringan terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif dan keparahan penyakit bercak daun Curvularia. Cekaman kekeringan disimulasikan dengan membatasi pemberian air terhadap bibit kelapa sawit berumur tiga bulan pada level kapasitas lapang (KL), 75% KL, 50% KL, dan 25% KL. Perlakuan penyiraman dengan standar pembibitan digunakan sebagai pembanding (K). Pada masing-masing perlakuan, inokulasi Curvularia oryzae dilakukan dengan cara menyemprotkan suspensi spora (1 x 105 konidia/mL) secara merata pada permukaan daun. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa bibit terinfeksi bercak daun yang mengalami cekaman kekeringan berat (25% KL) memiliki tinggi dan lebar bonggol yang lebih rendah dibandingkan perlakuan K dan KL. Tingkat keparahan penyakit bercak daun Curvularia pada tanaman yang mengalami cekaman air berat (25% KL) lebih rendah dibandingkan perlakuan standar pembibitan, KL dan 75% KL. Secara umum dapat disimpulkan bahwa cekaman kekeringan memberikan dampak yang bertolak belakang antara variabel pertumbuhan tanaman dan keparahan penyakit bercak daun.
Pengeluaran R&D dan Kinerja PerusahPengeluaran R&D dan Kinerja Perusahaan Perkebunan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI), 2019–2023aan Perkebunan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI), 2019–2023 Yuliansyah, M. Roby; Sembel, Roy; Haymans Manurung, Adler
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 33 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v33i2.323

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of R&D expenditure and firm characteristics on the financial performance of Indonesian plantation companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2019 to 2023, using quantile regression analysis. Return on Equity (ROE) serves as the performance metric across the 25th, 50th, and 75th quantiles. The results show that R&D expenditure has a significantly negative effect at the median quantile, while Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) negatively affects ROE at both lower and median quantiles. Capital Intensity and Firm Size do not show significant effects, whereas Firm Age has a slight positive effect in the upper quantile. These findings suggest that while R&D investments may burden short-term profitability, they remain essential for long-term performance if managed strategically. The study highlights the importance of partnerships with credible R&D institutions, technological adoption, and government support to overcome sector-specific limitations. Limitations include the sector-specific focus and lack of qualitative dimensions, indicating the need for broader and mixed-method research in the future. Moreover, given the five-year observation period and limited sample size, the findings should be interpreted cautiously and are not intended to be generalized beyond the observed context.
Peran Media dalam Agenda Setting: Diskursus Dampak Lingkungan Industri Kelapa Sawit Indonesia Asma Nabila; Zulfi Prima Sani Nasution; Muhammad Akmal Agustira; Ratnawati Nurkhoiry
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 33 No 3 (2025): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v33i3.272

Abstract

Environmental management in Indonesia's palm oil industry has long been a topic of public discourse. While the industry contributes significantly to the national economy through economic growth, job creation, and rural development, it is often associated with environmental degradation. The media plays a critical role in shaping public perception and influencing policy agendas through issue framing. This study aims to analyze the differences in the framing of environmental issues related to the palm oil industry at various media levels (international, national, local, and NGO media). The study used a content analysis method on 470 news articles published between 2014-2023, using the Media Coverage Review approach and a categorization system based on issue themes and cause attribution. The results of the analysis show that there are significant differences in the causes and emphasis of issues between media types. International media and NGOs tend to associate the palm oil industry with deforestation, while national media highlight other sectors' contributions to environmental degradation. This discrepancy reflects an information gap that can influence the process of evidence-based policy formulation. These findings emphasize the importance of harmonizing media information to support fair and sustainable policy-making in the palm oil sector.
Dugaan Nilai Daya Gabung dan Keragaan Progeni DxT Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Annisa Fadhilah Sitepu; Sobir Sobir; Willy Bayuardi Suwarno
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 33 No 3 (2025): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v33i3.296

Abstract

Best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) is a method designed to predict genetic values ​​from imbalanced data. BLUP analysis that utilizes kinship information can reduce bias due to data imbalance. This study aimed to estimate genetic parameters and general combining ability of parents through progeny testing and validation of prediction models for untested crosses. A progeny testing was planted in 2008 in a randomized complete block design with 5 replications. Observations were made on 10 characteristics observed in 2015 - 2017. The results showed that mesocarp/fruit and kernel/fruit characteristics were more controlled by tenera parents. Based on the estimation of the general combining ability of dura parents, BJ5686D and BJ5678D can be used to produce varieties with superior characteristics of productivity and oil yield. Tenera parent, AP141T can be used to produce superior varieties with good oil-related traits. The BJ5819T and BJ5817T parents can be used to produce varieties with slow height increment and high oil-related traits. Special combining abilities were not significant for all characteristics. The results of the 2-fold cross-validation showed that the accuracy for number of bunch , fresh fruit bunches, CPO production, rachis length, core/fruit, dry oil/mesocarp, and oil/bunches was 0.52 – 0.88. This information can be utilized in subsequent breeding programs.
Respon Pertumbuhan Kelapa Sawit (Elaesis guineensis Jacq.) Fase TM 1 Terhadap Pemberian Kompos Tankos Kelapa Sawit dan Asam Humat Fatimah Az Zahra; Mira Ariyanti; Mochamad Arief Soleh; Cucu Suherman; Santi Rosniawaty
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 33 No 3 (2025): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v33i3.319

Abstract

The excessive use of chemical fertilizers can damage ecosystems and reduce soil fertility, negatively impacting crop production. The addition of organic materials to the soil, such as empty fruit bunch (EFB) compost and humic acid, can mitigate these negative effects. The nutrient content in EFB compost can enhance plant growth, while humic acid can improve nutrient absorption by plants. This study aimed to determine the optimal combination of EFB compost and humic acid doses for achieving the best growth of mature phase oil palm in its first year of production. The research was conducted at the Ciparanje Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, from February to June 2024, using a randomized block design (RBD) with four treatments and six replications. The treatments tested were: 2.5 kg/plant of NPKMg fertilizer (12:12:17:2); 50 kg/plant of EFB compost; 30 kg/plant of EFB compost + 300 mL/plant of humic acid; and 10 kg/plant of EFB compost + 300 mL/plant of humic acid. The results showed that, in general, there were no significant differences in most growth parameters observed. Significant differences were only found in the number of fronds, particularly at 2 and 4 weeks after treatment (WAT), with the application of 10 kg/plant of EFB compost + 300 mL/plant of humic acid yielding the best results.
The Keanekaragaman Burung di Lanskap Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) sebagai Model Konservasi Gilang Fajar Ramadhan; Damayanti Buchori; Sahari
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 33 No 3 (2025): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v33i3.321

Abstract

Data and information on avian species diversity in oil palm plantations in West Sulawesi remain limited. This study aimed to investigate the diversity of bird species found in an oil palm plantation landscape located in the Minti Watershed, Pasangkayu, West Sulawesi. The bird community was surveyed using the point count method at 126 stations distributed across eight sites representing different habitat types: secondary forest (4 sites), oil palm plantations (2 sites; managed by a company and local communities), and riparian areas (2 sites). The similarity in species composition among the survey stations was analyzed using the Bray-Curtis similarity index and visualized with Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS). A Kruskal-Wallis test was employed to compare the number of individuals and species among the sites. A total of 82 bird species from 36 families were identified within the Minti Watershed's oil palm landscape. Secondary forests exhibited the highest species diversity and abundance, while oil palm plantations were dominated by insectivorous bird species. Cluster analysis and NMDS results indicated that habitat type significantly influences bird species composition. Forest fragments and riparian habitats are crucial for supporting bird diversity in the Minti Watershed's plantation landscape. Therefore, bird conservation strategies in this region should adopt a multi-habitat approach that integrates the management of secondary forests, oil palm plantations, and riparian zones.
Optimasi Produksi Selulosa Mikrokristal dari Selulosa Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Metode Respon Permukaan Serarifi Elagin Harahap; Michelle Michelle; Silva Latisya; Firda Dimawarnita; Tjahjono Herawan; Yora Faramitha
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 33 No 3 (2025): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v33i3.330

Abstract

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) are abundant biomass waste with high cellulose content, yet their utilization is limited to conventional applications such as mulch in palm oil plantations. However, OPEFB can be potentially developed into high-value derivative products, such as microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), which has widespread applications across various industries, including pharmaceuticals, food, and composite materials. This study aims to optimize MCC production from OPEFB cellulose through acid hydrolysis using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach to achieve the highest yield. Optimization was conducted on three main variables: hydrochloric acid (HCl) concentration (1, 2, 3 M), hydrolysis time (20, 40, 60 minutes), and the mass ratio of cellulose to HCl volume (25, 50, 75 g/L), using a Box-Behnken experimental design. The results showed that the highest MCC yield of 84.41% was achieved at an HCl concentration of 1.77 M, a hydrolysis time of 36.57 minutes, and a cellulose mass ratio to the HCl volume of 58.33 g/L. The MCC obtained under optimal conditions has an alpha cellulose content of 71.42%; hemicellulose 14.36%; and lignin 0.59%. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed spectral profiles and crystallinity consistent with typical MCC. The results demonstrate that production optimization using RSM successfully improved MCC production efficiency with high yield and cellulose content.

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