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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education

biosaintifika
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Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang

ISSN : 2085191X EISSN : 23387610 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 1,068 Documents

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Effect of BAP (6-Benzyl Amino Purine) Concentration on Growth Micro Cutting of Nepenthes ampullaria Budisantoso, Iman; Indriani, Mona; Kamsinah, Kamsinah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Conventionally, cultivations of Nepenthes are conducted by using seeds, cutting, and filial separation. However, there are many obstacles come both from time and technical aspect. In vitro culture is an alternative way for cultivating N. ampullaria (Jack,). One of a technique of in vitro culture is micro cutting. BAP (6-benzyl amino purine) growth regulator could be added to optimize the growth of N. ampullaria microcutting. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of BAP on the growth of Nepenthes microcutting. This research was done experimentally using Completely Randomized Design (CRD). BAP treatment consisted of 5 concentrations: 0; 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2 (ppm), each treatment were multiplied 4 times. The parameters observed were: a time of bud initiation, time of root initiation, total of leaves, total of new buds, total of roots, length of leave, length of root, and height of bud. The data obtained were analyzed with ANOVA (Analisis of Variance) and continued with 5% and 1% LSD (Least Significant Different) test. The result showed that addition of BAP affected the growth of N. ampullaria microcutting in total leaves, length of leave, and total of buds. LSD test proved that 0.57 ppm of BAP was optimal concentration to increase total buds, whit the value reached of 3.86. Here, we found that BAP can be utilized to enhanche N. ampullaria growth on in vitro culture. The benefit of this study is to conserve N. ampullaria in vitro using BAP at 0.57 ppm.

Enhancing Students’ Logical-Thinking Ability in Natural Science Learning with Generative Learning Model Riyanti, Henni; Suciati, Suciati; Karyanto, Puguh
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

The logical-thinking ability is one of the important competencies of 21st century that should be empowered. It is one of the aspects in a cognitive science domain that has not been implemented effectively in teaching and learning in the class. Then, this study aimed to analyzed the influence of generative learning model to enhance students' logical-thinking ability. This study was also conducted by using a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design. The sample was chosen by using simple random sampling technique. This study involved two classes which had 67 participants consisting of 34 students in Class VIII.9 as an experimental group and 33 students in Class VIII.7 as a control group. The researcher used the instrument of logical-thinking ability formulated in the form of multiple choice tests with five alternative answers that had been tested for its validity and reliability. The analysis of data employed t-test using SPSS 21. The result indicated that the t-count > t-table (2.44 > 1.99) and p-value = 0.017 (p <0.05). It could be concluded that the application of generative learning model resulted in a significant influence on students' logical-thinking ability. The result of the analysis could be used by the schools for evaluating the quality of natural science learning in order to encourage students’ logical-thinking ability.

The Effectiveness of Process-Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning to Improve Students’ Analytical Thinking Skills on Excretory System Topic Rosadi, Ihwan; Maridi, Maridi; Sunarno, Widha
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Analytical thinking is a fundamental skill in education and which needs to be developed. This research would describe the effectiveness of process-oriented guided ınquiry learning (POGIL) to improve students’ analytical thinking skills on the topic of excretory system. This study used Research and Development (R&D) design. It was conducted on the 11th grade students of senior high school in Ngawi, East Java in 2017/2018 academic year with one group pre-test and post-test design. The data collection techniques used were validation, observation, and test. The data were analyzed descriptively, whereby the analysis result was tested with the Gain test. The result showed that the students’ analytical thinking skills was significantly increased as stated by the N-gain score. In control class, there were 2 students (6.7%) whose N-gain score was in the low category, 25 students (83.3%) whose N-gain score was in the medium category, and 3 students (10%) whose N-gain score was in the high category. In the experimental class, there were 21 students (70%) who got N-gain score in the medium category, and 9 students (30%) who got N-gain score in the high category. The results of this research showed that the students analytical thinking skills were different after the implementation of POGIL method. Therefore, it could be concluded that the POGIL was effective to improve students’ analytical thinking skills on the excretory system in senior high school. The information obtained from this research can be used as a tool to improve students’ analytical thinking skills.

Antidiabetic Potentials of Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats Ekowati, Nuraeni; Yuniati, Nilasari Indah; Hernayanti, Hernayanti; Ratnaningtyas, Nuniek Ina
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) is an edible mushroom that is most widely cultivated in the world. It contains bioactive compounds that might provide beneficial effects on diabetes mellitus patient. The study aimed to determine the effects of A. bisporus administration on the blood glucose, and malondyaldehyd (MDA) levels as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. This study was also conducted to determine the secondary metabolites produced by A. bisporus. The method used was experimental methods with Completely Randomized Design. A. bisporus extract at the doses of 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg body weight (BW) per day were orally applied to alloxan-induced diabetic rats for a period of 14 days after the rats became diabetes. The results showed that the extract of A. bisporus could decrease blood glucose, and MDA levels as well as increase SOD activity (p < 0.05). A. bisporus extract 500 mg/kg BW is the most effective dose to be used. Based on Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) test, it was known that secondary metabolites produced by A. bisporus are flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids and saponins. A. bisporus has potential as an antidiabetic through the ability to decrease blood glucose, and MDA levels, as well as increase SOD activity in diabetic rats. This research is able to provide information about the antidiabetic potential of A. bisporus extract so that it can be used as an alternative natural antidiabetic agent and can be applied in the community with ease and in a more controlled industrial scale.

Diversity Induction of Dendrobium sylvanum Orchid through In Vitro Irradiation of Gamma Ray Lestari, Eka Puji; Yunus, Ahmad; Sugiyarto, Sugiyarto
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Dendrobium sylvanum orchid is categorized as lowland habitus orchid and able to survive wihtout any shade. Orchid cultivation takes a very long time so it needs faster cultivation and producing large quantities. Therefore, it is necessary to do orchid culture by using tissue culture processes and then given gamma ray irradiation to bring up new characters in the orchid .The purpose of this research was to discover the impact of gamma ray irradiation in vitro to the diversity of D. sylvanum. The doses of gamma ray used in this research were 0 Gy, 15 Gy, 30 Gy, 45 Gy, and 60 Gy. The results obtained indicated that mutation mostly occurred on the treatment with 15 Gy (4.4 cm of plant height, 2.67 of leaves, 2.36 cm of leaf length, 0.49 cm of leaf width, and 5.33 of root strands) compared to the other doses and the control plants. The new finding in this research is the gamma ray dose that can optimally stimulate the mutation in D. sylvanum. This information is useful to generate the new variety in orchid cultivation in Indonesia. This research provides innovation in orchid cultivation and new variety that is possible to arise after the mutation.

Molecular Characterization of Zinc (Zn) Resistant Bacteria in Banger River, Pekalongan, Indonesia Sasi, Fitri Arum; Kusumaningrum, Hermin Pancasakti; Budiharjo, Anto
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Indigenous bacteria are able to remove the metals contamination in environment. This study aimed to assess the resistance of bacterial species to Zinc (Zn) in Banger River, Pekalongan City. The bacteria from three different parts of Banger River were isolated and inoculated in Zn-selective medium. Then, molecular identification to determine the bacteria species was conducted using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by applying forward-reverse 16SrRNA gene primers. The sequences analysis was conducted using MUSCLE and MEGA6. There were seven dominant species that possibly resistant to Zn. Approximately, every isolate could reach more than 95 % from 2000 ppm of Zn in the medium. The higher absorption of Zn was found in Z5 isolate. The seven bacteria species were clustered into nine genera i.e. Klebsiela, Xenorhabdus, Cronobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Shigella and Sporomusa known as Gram Negative bacteria and Clostridium and Bacillus as Gram Positive bacteria. In Gram Positive bacteria, especially Bacillus sp, carboxyl group in peptidoglycan play a role as metal binder. In Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which is highly anionic component on the outer membrane, able to catch the Zn. Besides that, Enterobacter activates endogen antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The research found there was possible seven novel indigenous bacteria species in Banger that able to remove Zn from the sediment extremely. This finding can be developed as an eco-friendly approach to reduce metals pollution using local microorganisms.

Indigenous Knowledge Degradation of Lom community, Bangka Island in identifying and using Pelawan Padang (Tristaniopsis merguensis) Hartanto, Salpa; Sulistyaningsih, Yohana C; Walujo, Eko Baroto
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Pelawan padang (Tristaniopsis merguensis) plays an important role in providing daily needs including goods and services for Lom community in Bangka island. Recently, modernization has an impact on the indigenous knowledge related to plants utilization in Lom community, especially pelawan padang. The aims of the study were to analyze the roles and benefits and to determine ethnobotanical knowledge changes of Lom people on the use of pelawan padang. Data were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire. Pebble Distribution Method (PDM) was used to analyze the quantitative data, while the qualitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistic. The result showed that pelawan padang can be used for material construction, firewood, honey production, traditional medicine and material of bagan traditional stilt houses. The degradation of indigenous knowledge of Lom people related to natural resources such as pelawan padang could be assessed according to individual factors which were; age classes and occupation. More respondents aged over 40 years showed the ability in identifying and using Pelawan padang compared to the younger (25-40 years old). According to occupational group, there was higher number of unemployed respondents and respondents working as farmers that used pelawan padang compared to respondents working as employee. No difference was found for tribal leaders and community members regarding to the knowledge of Pelawan padang benefits. This study provides the latest information about the benefits of plants from the Lom Community that can be developed through the further research, especially for the benefits pelawan padang as a drug.

The Guild Composition for Modelling Fish Community in Banjaran River, Purwokerto Lestari, Windiariani; Zayyana, Dini Auliya; Setyaningrum, Nuning; Amelia, Titis
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Over exploitation of consumed fishes causes declining of targeted fish populations that will lead to a cascade effect to the guild compositions. The change of carnivorous, omnivorous and herbivorous fish populations drives to the food chain destructions and unstable ecosystems. The objective of this study was to build fish community modelling based on guild compositions. This study was conducted on fish communities in the Banjaran River. The data collected were species richness, the abundance of fish and the guild composition among carnivore, herbivore, and omnivore. Survey and purposive random sampling technique were applied and Banjaran River was divided into five sites based on the physical characteristics of the environment and fishing activities. Species richness data were analyzed by ANOVA, the composition of the carnivorous, omnivorous and herbivorous fish was analyzed descriptively based on the guild pyramides. About 115 individuals consist of 17 species belong to 5 families were found. The species richness in the five sites in was relatively similar (P > 0.05 (P = 0.269)). The fish community in site 3 had the balanced composition which was composed by 3% carnivores, 21.2% omnivores and 75.8% of herbivores. This fish community modelling could be an an alternative way to manage fish community. By controlling the carnivorous fish population, the natural resource especially fish as food resource will sustain and the species loss will be prevent.

Potential of Soil Bacteria as Mercury Bioremediation Agent in Traditional Gold Mining Winardi, Winardi; Haryono, Eko; Sudrajat, Sudrajat; Soetarto, Endang Sutariningsih
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Mandor Village has developed as a tradisional gold mining area since years ago. It involved activities that have led to extreme land condition and the release of mining residues, i.e., mercury, to the soils. The study examined the potential of soil bacteria as mercury bioremediation agent based on their population and activity in former mines with different ages. The bacterial population was measured by isolating soil bacteria on solid media using the pour plate method, and the colonies were enumerated during the incubation. The Nutrient Agar (NA) medium was used to obtain the total population, whereas the Salt Base Solution (SBS) was to determine the presence of mercury-tolerant bacteria. The addition of HgCl2 affected the number of the colonies. The colony only grew until the concentration of HgCl2 reached 5 mg/l, and the total colony was larger in older mines. The observation of bacterial activity showed that biotransformation performance was lower when the concentration of mercury was the same as its natural presence in soils (0.1-0.5 mg/l) compared with higher mercury level (1 mg/l). The research showed that lower mercury concentrations in nature reduced the natural ability of bacteria to transform pollutants. This study provides information that can assist the development of a technological approach to control mercury pollution in former traditional gold mines in an environmentally friendly manner using indigenous soil bacteria.

The Cytotoxic and Apoptosis Effects of Chloroform Extracts of Auricularia auricula on Cervical Cancer Cells Hikam, Arif Rahman; Ekowati, Nuraeni; Hernayanti, Hernayanti
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Auricularia auricula is an edible mushroom cultivated in Indonesia that has been known to have potential properties of bioactive compounds than can be used for medicinal purpose. This study aimed to examine the cytotoxic and apoptosis effect of chloroform extract of A. auricula on cervical cancer cells in vitro. The research design was in vitro experimental research. Cytotoxic tests was using an MTT [3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-yl)-2.5-diphenyl tertrazolium bromide] assay and apoptosis test was using double staining method. Test of bioactive compounds was carried out using GCMS. Cytotoxic effect were analyzed by linear regression and apoptosis test was analyzed descriptively. Chloroform extract of mycelium A. auricula showed the best results with IC50 = 264.87 µg/ml. An important finding obtained after the double staining process was that chloroform extract of A. auricula can induce HeLa cells death by apoptosis. GCMS test results showed that the extracts containing limonene and piperidinone which are the anticancer bioactive compounds. In conclusion, the chloroform extracts of A. auricula has the potential to inhibit the growth of cervical cancer cells. The benefit of this study are expected to provide information about the anticancer potential of extract of A. auricula against cervical cancer cells, thus contributing to the development of alternative anticancer treatments from natural product.

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Dr. Ir. Dyah Rini Indriyanti

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Journal Mail Official
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Kota semarang,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA