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Majalah Kedokteran Andalas
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 01262092     EISSN : 24425230     DOI : https://doi.org/10.25077
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas (MKA) (p-ISSN: 0126-2092, e-ISSN: 2442-5230) is a peer-reviewed, open-access national journal published by Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas and is dedicated to publish and disseminate research articles, literature reviews, and case reports, in the field of medicine and health, and other related disciplines
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 792 Documents
 72   73   74   75   76 
Deteksi crypstosporidium sp. pada pasien dengan kanker kolorektal Handayani, Sri Wahyuni; Irawati, Nuzulia; Tjong, Djong Hon; Tofrizal, Tofrizal; Firdamila, Elli
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 48 No. 3 (2025): MKA July 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v48.i3.p299-308.2025

Abstract

Cryptosporidium sp. adalah parasit obligat intraseluler yang menyerang sel epitel usus. Infeksinya mengakibatkan diare, malnutrisi, dehidrasi dan cedera usus terutama pada orang dengan gangguan imunitas. Tingginya infeksi Cryptosporidium pada pasien HIV-AIDS pada penelitian  sebelumnya menandakan sumber infeksi yang tinggi di lingkungan. Cryptosporidium dilaporkan memiliki hubungan dengan kanker kolorektal baru-baru ini. Tujuan: tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi infeksi Cryptosporidium pada pasien dengan kanker kolorektal. Metode: metode yang digunakan observasional dengan desain cross-sectional study pada 43 pasien kanker kolorektal yang sesuai dengan kriteria yaitu pasien yang baru didiagnosis dan belum mendapatkan terapi onkologis. Pengumpulan sampel feses dilakukan dari bulan April hingga Agustus 2023. Pemeriksaan ookista dilakukan secara mikroskopik dengan pewarnaan tahan asam modifikasi ziehl neelsen. Hasil: hasil penelitian didapatkan 46,5% (20/43) pasien positif terinfeksi Cryptosporidium. Kesimpulan: kesimpulan hasil penelitian, infeksi Cryptosporidium tinggi pada pasien kanker kolorektal, terutama pada lokasi kanker rektum. Penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui spesies Cryptosporidium diperlukan untuk mengetahui  rute penularan dan sumber infeksi.
Effect of Topical Application of Black Seed Oil (Nigella Sativa) on Wound Healing in Diabetic Rat Ulcer Model Arman, Eliza; A, Almahdy; Dafiriani, Putri; Almasdy, Dedy
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 4 (2024): MKA October 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i4.p447-456.2024

Abstract

Objective : This study aims to evaluate the use of topical black seed oil on wound healing in a diabetic rat model. Method:10 experimental rats were induced with streptozotocin at a dose of 55 mg/kg BW. Diabetic rats were anesthetized and then the wound was made with a biopsy push with a diameter of 10 mm. The rats were divided into 2 groups, namely the untreated group and the topical treatment group with 1 ml of 100% Black Seed Oil every day for 14 days. Wound healing evaluation was carried out on days 7 and 14. Gene expression analysis was performed using molecular technique RT PCR an histopathologically using He staining. Data analysis used T test. Result: On day 7 there was a decrease in TNF expression with p <0.05, while on day 14 it also showed a decrease in TNF alpha expression with p <0.01. Histopathological showed positive development by showing better wound healing with complete epithelialization, granulation with lower inflammatory cells, higher fibroblasts and collagen compared to the control group. Conclusion :Black seed oil can increase the speed of wound healing in diabetic rat models by inhibiting TNF alpha expression.
Kebutuhan Spiritual Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik yang Menjalani Hemodialisa di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh Zahara, Safira; Nurhidayah, Irfanita; Fikriyanti, Fikriyanti
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 48 No. 1 (2025): MKA January 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v48.i1.p46-54.2025

Abstract

Tujuan: Mengetahui kebutuhan spiritual pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisa di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif eksploratif, cara pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan membagikan kuesioner Spiritual Needs Questionnaire (SpNQ) yang terdiri dari 19 pertanyaan yang diberikan kepada  pasien. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisa di Instalasi Dialisis Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh dengan teknik pengambilan sampel consecutive sampling pada 165 pasien. Hasil: Didapatkan bahwa pasien membutuhkan kebutuhan spiritual dari yang tertinggi meliputi kebutuhan beragama (95,2%), kebutuhan memberi (92,7%), kebutuhan kedamaian (92,1%), dan kebutuhan makna keberadaan (87,9%). Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menujukkan bahwa pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisa sangat membutuhkan kebutuhan spiritual. Diharapkan penelitian ini mampu membantu tenaga kesehatan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan spiritual pasien. 
Evaluasi Biaya Perawatan Intensif Pasien COVID-19 Di RSUP Persahabatan Jakarta: Pendekatan Activity Based Costing Putra, Andika Chandra
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 48 No. 2 (2025): MKA April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v48.i2.p157-163.2025

Abstract

Facing the COVID-19 pandemic, the healthcare system, especially in Indonesia, encountered significant operational and financial challenges, particularly concerning intensive care costs. RSUP Persahabatan, serving as a national referral center, consistently managed COVID-19 patients ranging from moderate to critical degrees. Recognizing the importance of cost evaluation for efficiency enhancement, this study aimed to meticulously examine the unit cost of intensive care for COVID-19 patients using the Activity Based Costing (ABC) approach. In-depth analysis revealed that the intensive care unit at RSUP Persahabatan comprises 14 supporting activities and offers 61 service products. Both direct and indirect costs for each activity were successfully identified and quantified. Further, when juxtaposed with the INA-CBGs rates set by the 2023 Indonesian Health Minister's Regulation, it became evident that RSUP Persahabatan's ICU achieved remarkable cost efficiency. These findings not only provide invaluable insights for RSUP Persahabatan but also offer strategic recommendations for other healthcare institutions in the evaluation and optimization of COVID-19 intensive care costs. 
Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Gene Therapy pada Hemofilia: A Systematic Review Angriani, Winda; Afdhal, Fitrah
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 48 No. 2 (2025): MKA April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v48.i2.p215-225.2025

Abstract

Hemofilia A (HA) dan Hemofilia B (HB) adalah kelainan perdarahan terkait kromosom X yang disebabkan oleh defisiensi faktor koagulasi Faktor VIII (FVIII) atau Faktor IX (FIX). Manifestasi klinis hemofilia, yaitu perdarahan spontan berulang pada otot dan jaringan lunak, serta perdarahan serius lainnya, seperti perdarahan intrakranial, dapat menyebabkan disabilitas seumur hidup hingga kematian. Pasien hemofilia mendapat terapi standar infus konsentrat FVIII atau FIX untuk meningkatkan hemostasis yang diberikan sebagai respons terhadap perdarahan atau profilaksis untuk mencegah perdarahan, namun terapi ini tidak cost-effective dan effisien. Terapi gen menawarkan potensi penyembuhan melalui produksi FVIII atau FIX endogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan membahas efektivitas terapi gen Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) sebagai terapi hemofilia. Metode: Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan metode systematic review. Pencarian sumber artikel menggunakan bantuan mesin pencari PubMed. Hasil: Penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa terapi gen dengan menggunakan vektor Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) cukup menjanjikan dalam pengobatan hemofilia. Dari penelitian yang kami tinjau, terlihat bahwa terapi ini berhasil meningkatkan tingkat faktor pembekuan yang hilang, mengurangi insiden perdarahan tahunan, bahkan memungkinkan pasien untuk menghentikan penggunaan profilaksis. Kesimpulan: Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa terapi gen AAV memiliki potensi besar untuk menjadi solusi efektif dan berkelanjutan dalam mengelola hemofilia, dengan dampak positif yang signifikan terhadap kualitas hidup pasien hemofilia.
(RETRACTION) Efek Centella asiatica terhadap resistensi insulin pada parameter biokimia mencit yang diberi diet tinggi lemak Dwita, Nounik Cheri; Arozal, Wawaimuli; Barinda, Again Jeffilano; Safutra, Sadam
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 48 No. 2 (2025): MKA April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v48.i2.p164-172.2025

Abstract

Efek Centella asiatica terhadap resistensi insulin pada parameter biokimia mencit yang diberi diet tinggi lemak. 2024; 1422-1431: The above article, published online on January, 2024 in Majalah Kedokteran Andalas, https://doi.org/10.25077/mka.v46.i9.p1434-1443.2024 , has been retracted by agreement between the authors and the journal's Editor in Chief, dr. Hirowati Ali, Ph.D. The retraction has been agreed after the authors asked to retract the article due to a misattribution of authorship.
Potensi Probiotik dalam Peningkatan Kesehatan Lanjut Usia Angriani, Winda; Thamrin, Silvia; Desmawati, Desmawati
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 48 No. 2 (2025): MKA April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v48.i2.p226-238.2025

Abstract

Tren demografi menggambarkan bahwa jumlah orang lanjut usia (lansia) terus meningkat secara dramatis. Semakin bertambahnya usia, tubuh semakin rentan mengalami gangguan kesehatan dikarenakan menurunnya berbagai fungsi organ. Investigasi faktor yang mendasari penyakit pada lansia mengungkapkan peran mikrobiota usus. Studi menunjukkan bahwa gut-brain axis (GBA) yaitu rute komunikasi dua arah antara saluran pencernaan dan sistem saraf pusat memainkan peran penting dalam fisiologi dan penyakit inang.  Tujuan: Mengetahui peran probiotik dalam meningkatkan status kesehatan lansia; Metode: Artikel ini ditulis dengan metode studi kepustakaan yang berhubungan dengan probiotik dan kesehatan lansia ; Hasil: Mikrobiota usus memainkan peran penting dalam kesehatan karena terlibat dalam proses metabolisme yang memengaruhi kognisi, dan fungsi imunitas, yang penting untuk mencapai penuaan yang sehat. Intervensi tepat waktu untuk lansia harus dilakukan untuk memperbaiki komposisi mikrobiota usus selama proses penuaan, termasuk suplementasi probiotik. Probiotik adalah mikroorganisme hidup yang bila diberikan dalam jumlah yang cukup akan memberikan manfaat pada inangnya. Penelitian mengenai peran probiotik terhadap kesehatan lansia menunjukkan manfaat probiotik pada lansia, antara lain terhadap imunitas, neurodegeneratif, kardiovaskuler, dan sistem tubuh lainnya ; Kesimpulan: Probiotik bermanfaat terhadap berbagai sistem organ dan dapat meningkatkan kesehatan lanjut usia.
The Role of Microbiota and Early Detection in Colorectal Cancer Through Fecal Screening Iqbal, Muhammad
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 1 (2024): MKA Januari 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i1.p87-98.2024

Abstract

Objective: This literature review explores the link between gut microbiota and colorectal cancer, emphasizing early detection through fecal screening. Method: We conducted a comprehensive literature review, using Google Scholar and PubMed, with key search terms including "Microbiota," "Colorectal cancer," and "Fecal screening." Results: The gut microbiota plays a vital role in colorectal cancer development, involving specific bacterial strains such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli, Bacteroides fragilis, Streptococcus bovis, Enterococcus faecalis, and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius. These strains contribute to cancer through various mechanisms. Fecal microbiota screening, often employing advanced techniques like next-generation sequencing, shows promise for early detection. Combining fecal microbiota data with other non-invasive screening methods can enhance colorectal cancer detection sensitivity and efficiency. Understanding this microbiota-cancer relationship is pivotal for cancer prevention and early diagnosis. Conclusion: The intricate microbiota- colorectal cancer connection, driven by specific bacterial strains and inflammation, presents opportunities for early detection. Fecal microbiota screening, combined with non-invasive methods, may reduce colorectal cancer mortality, advancing oncology prevention and diagnosis.
Gangguan Ginjal Akut akibat Keracunan Jengkol Yulfiwanti, Idha; Pabuti, Aumas; Amelin, Fitrisia; Noor, Ronaldi
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 48 No. 3 (2025): MKA July 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v48.i3.p364-372.2025

Abstract

Jengkolic acid intoxication is one of the causes of acute kidney injury in children. This case report discusses the diagnosis and management of jenkol intoxication in children. We reported a 12-year-old boy with painful urination accompanied by low back pain and urine was initially whitish-colored sand then turned red-colored urine accompanied by reduced urine volume after consuming jengkol. The patient was diagnosed with acute kidney injury due to jenkolic acid intoxication, urinary tract infection, and bilateral hydronephrosis with initial conditions of oliguria, elevated urea, the impression of an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was stage failure, and planned emergency hemodialysis. The patient was managed with bicarbonate sodium and other symptomatic therapy. During monitoring of patients with increased urine output, decreased ureum and increased estimated GFR, hemodialysis was not performed. The patient was treated for 6 days and recommended for control at the pediatric clinic.
Perbandingan antara CT Score dan Saturasi Oksigen pada Pasien COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit UKI Tahun 2021 Elizabeth, Patricia Roulin
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 48 No. 3 (2025): MKA July 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v48.i3.p294-298.2025

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that has causedpandemic effects on world demographics. It is caused by severe acute respiratorysyndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV 2). COVID-19 can attack various organs,especially the lungs. The first time a COVID-19 case was discovered in Indonesiawas announced on March 2, 2020. The number of casesspread rapidly in Indonesia.The objective of this study is to findout the comparison of CT scores and oxygensaturation of COVID-19 patients at UKI Hospital in East Jakarta. This study usesa cross-sectional design using medical records and data analysis using Mann–Whitney. Based on the result of the study, high CT-Score causes low OxygenSaturation, Furthermore, there is a relationship between CT Score and oxygensaturation of COVID- 19 patients at UKI Hospital in East Jakarta with a p-valueof 0.05.

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