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Majalah Kedokteran Andalas
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 01262092     EISSN : 24425230     DOI : https://doi.org/10.25077
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas (MKA) (p-ISSN: 0126-2092, e-ISSN: 2442-5230) is a peer-reviewed, open-access national journal published by Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas and is dedicated to publish and disseminate research articles, literature reviews, and case reports, in the field of medicine and health, and other related disciplines
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 792 Documents
 73   74   75   76   77 
Medical Rehabilitation Program for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Narrative Review Rahmaddiansyah, Refa; Yolanda, Riri Prima; Agustin, Rini
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 4 (2024): MKA October 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i4.p501-512.2024

Abstract

Background: Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent degenerative joint disease, increases with age in Indonesia, affects all ethnicities, more in women, and is a leading cause of long term disability in adults 65 years or older. Prolonged NSAID use may cause gastritis, bleeding, and renal injury. Objective: To synthesize current understanding of osteoarthritis burden, mechanisms, and patient centered management. Methods: Narrative review of recent evidence on epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, and treatment guidance. Results: Symptoms develop gradually and may accelerate after injury or overload. Drivers include joint aging, trauma or overuse, genetics, obesity, and hormonal factors. First line care comprises education, weight control, physical therapy, and structured exercise. Analgesics and NSAIDs with risk mitigation, intra articular injections, and assistive devices are added by severity and joint involvement. Early multimodal strategies reduce pain, improve function and quality of life, and may slow progression. Outcomes worsen with muscle weakness, obesity, and depression. Conclusion: Osteoarthritis is common yet manageable. Stratified individualized care started early and balanced for benefit and risk preserves mobility and independence and reduces complications.
Peran dokter spesialis anak dalam koordinasi lintas sektoral saat bencana Anugrah, Diyas
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 48 No. 1 (2025): MKA January 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v48.i1.p78-87.2025

Abstract

Bencana adalah peristiwa yang mengancam kehidupan masyarakat dan dapat menimbulkan korban jiwa, kerusakan lingkungan, kerugian harta dan dampak psikologis. Bayi dan anak merupakan kelompok rentan menjadi korban bencana. Dokter spesialis anak berperan sebagai tokoh pemberi pelayanan kesehatan dalam koordinasi lintas sektoral sebagai pendidik dan perlindungan sosial pada anak saat bencana. Mengetahui dan memahami peran dokter spesialis anak dalam koordinasi lintas sektoral saat bencana. Studi kepustakaan yang merujuk pada berbagai literatur dan pengalaman penulis di lapangan saat terjadinya bencana gempa bumi di Pasaman. Dokter spesialis anak dalam penanggulangan bencana dengan bekerja sama dengan IDAI, IDI, Dinas kesehatan, BPBD, Puskesmas, Pejabat setempat, Aparat terkait dan wali nagari. Kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh dokter anak yaitu terlibat dalam kajian cepat yang dikoordinasi oleh Pusdalops BPBD, membantu kelancaran proses pelayanan rumah sakit dan puskesmas, melakukan triase dan trauma healing, melakukan pemulihan pasca bencana, pengendalian penyakit menular, rehabilitas fisik dan mental akibat stress pasca bencana. Peranan dokter spesialis anak dalam penanggulangan bencana dengan bekerja sama dengan IDAI, IDI, Dinas kesehatan, BPBD, Puskesmas, Pejabat setempat, Aparat terkait dan wali nagari. Koordinasi lintas sektoral ini dapat menjadi garda terdepan dalam mewujudkan kerjasama berbagai organisasi untuk menghadapi masalah kesehatan karena kedaruratan bencana. 
Harnessing the Potential of Synbiotic Therapy for Childhood Malnutrition: A Narrative Review of Onion Inulin Extracts and Probiotic-Rich Dadih Rahmaddiansyah, Refa; Rahmi, Wahida; Arisanty, Dessy; Rita, Rauza Sukma; Rusti, Sukarsi
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 3 (2024): MKA July 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i3.p330-340.2024

Abstract

Background: Childhood malnutrition stems from inadequate intake and disease; synbiotics (probiotics+prebiotics) can modulate gut microbiota and immune function, aligning with SDG-3 targets through cost-effective prophylaxis and immunomodulation. Objective: To evaluate onion (Allium cepa Linn.)-derived inulin combined with probiotic-rich Sumatran dadih as supportive therapy for pediatric malnutrition. Methods: Narrative literature review of human and relevant preclinical studies on synbiotics, inulin, dadih, gut microbiota, and immune modulation, with selection based on relevance and methodological quality. Results: Evidence suggests synbiotics improve microbiota diversity, short-chain fatty acid production, nutrient absorption, and reduce inflammation and infection rates. Onion-inulin functions as a fermentable prebiotic; dadih provides robust local lactic-acid bacteria strains. Yet data are heterogeneous, sample sizes small, and dosing/formulation poorly standardized; safety reporting is variable. Conclusion: An onion-inulin + dadih synbiotic is a plausible, context-appropriate adjuvant for managing childhood malnutrition. Rigorous, controlled trials should optimize dose, strain selection, and formulation, and confirm efficacy and safety for scalable implementation.
Analisa Faktor Risiko yang Mempengaruhi Infeksi Scabies di Pondok Pesantren Darunna’Im Yapia Parung Bogor Ramadhani, Isniani
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 3 (2024): MKA July 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i3.p245-251.2024

Abstract

Latar belakang: Prevalensi skabies di lingkungan pesantren Indonesia tetap tinggi dan berdampak pada kesehatan serta proses belajar.Objektif: Menilai faktor yang memengaruhi kejadian skabies, kekuatan hubungan masing-masing faktor, dan faktor paling dominan di pesantren.Metode: Studi potong lintang observasional kuantitatif di Pesantren Darunna’im Yapia, Warujaya–Parung, Bogor (2023). Responden santri usia 12–18 tahun (n=74). Analisis menggunakan uji Chi-Square dan regresi logistik biner.Hasil: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara jenis kelamin (p=0,004; OR 4,4299), tingkat usia (p<0,001; OR 19,556), tingkat pendidikan (p=0,007; OR 4,000), dan personal hygiene (p=0,003; OR 7,931) dengan kejadian skabies. Pada analisis multivariat, tingkat usia merupakan prediktor paling dominan (p=0,036; Exp(B) 11,744). Keempat faktor secara simultan menjelaskan 41,4% variabilitas kejadian skabies.Kesimpulan: Kejadian skabies di pesantren dipengaruhi oleh jenis kelamin, usia, pendidikan, dan personal hygiene; usia adalah faktor paling dominan. Temuan ini menekankan perlunya intervensi terarah pada kelompok usia berisiko, disertai penguatan higiene pribadi dan tata kelola asrama.
Hubungan Kadar 25-Hidroksivitamin D (25(OH)D) Serum pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III dengan Fetal Outcome Delfina, Delfina; Amir, Arni; Ilmiawati, Cimi
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 48 No. 2 (2025): MKA April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v48.i2.p173-180.2025

Abstract

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar 25(OH)D serum pada ibu hamil trimester III dengan fetal outcome. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan cohort terhadap 77 ibu hamil trimester III dan bayi baru lahir, penelitian dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Andalas. Pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Pengukuran kadar 25(OH)D serum dilakukan dengan metode ELISA secara dupleks. Data fetal outcome (berat badan, panjang badan, lingkar kepala) didapatkan dari buku Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak. Korelasi antar variabel diuji dengan uji korelasi Pearson atau Spearman. Hasil: Kadar 25(OH)D serum ibu hamil trimester III didapatkan nilai median yaitu 21,10 ng/ml dan 32 ibu hamil yang mengalami defisiensi. Kadar 25(OH)D) serum ibu berkorelasi negatif dengan berat badan bayi lahir (uji Pearson; r=-0,239; p=0,036), namun tidak memiliki korelasi yang bermakna secara statistik dengan panjang badan (uji Spearman; r=-0,106; p=0,360) dan lingkar kepala bayi  (uji Spearman; r=-0,031; p=0,788). Kesimpulan: Disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar ibu hamil mengalami defisiensi 25(OH)D dan hal ini dapat mempengaruhi fetal outcome.
Nutrient content in dadiah pudding, a potential source of probiotics from Minangkabau, West Sumatra Taufiqa, Zuhrah; Chandra, Dian Novita; Lipoeto, Nur Indrawaty; Hegar, Badriul
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 1 (2024): MKA Januari 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i1.p27-39.2024

Abstract

Introduction: Dadiah is a fermented milk product derived from the milk of West Sumatran swamp buffaloes.  Methods: The manufacture of dadiah pudding used dadiah fermented milk obtained from Bukittinggi, West Sumatra. Levels of carbohydrate, protein, fat, calcium, zinc, and iron were measured according to the Indonesian National Standard, then total calories were determined using 4:4:9 kcal/g conversion. Inoculation of samples on de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe agar was performed to determine total lactic acid bacteria counts, and Gram staining was done for further morphological confirmation. Results: The result revealed that 100 g dadiah pudding contained 6.49 g of carbohydrates, 6.12 g of protein, 23.31 g of fat, 260.23 kcal of calories, 276.61 mg of calcium, 3.75 mg of zinc, 6.60 mg of iron, and 6.1 × 10⁹ CFU/ml of lactic acid bacteria assuming that modification of the liquid into pudding form has been shown to impact macronutrient, micronutrients, total calories, and total lactic acid bacteria. Conclusion: The nutrient content in dadiah pudding revealed in this study indicates that this dairy product can be used as a nutritious local food source and a potential probiotic.
Anemia Defisiensi Besi Berat pada Remaja As Siddiqi, Abdurrahman Arsyad; Izzah, Amirah Zatil
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 1 (2024): MKA Januari 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i1.p99-110.2024

Abstract

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is anemia caused by a reduced body iron reserve to form red blood cells. During periods of rapid growth, such as the first year of life and adolescence, the need for iron increases, leading to an increased incidence of iron deficiency anemia during these periods. Deficiency of iron can lead to concealed intestinal bleeding. This case report discusses a 10-year and 7-month-old male patient with a diagnosis of severe iron deficiency anemia accompanied by occult bleeding. The patient received a blood transfusion due to a very low Hb level of 3.9 g/dl. The transfusion was administered gradually with a target Hb of 6 g/dl and was followed by iron supplementation. The blood transfusion provided was in the form of red cell packs, administered slowly in sufficient amounts to raise the Hb to a safe level.
Pengamatan Jangka Panjang dan Intervensi Anak dengan Rakhitis dan Hipovitaminosis D Kurniawan, Toni; Rini, Eka Agustia; Asrawati, Asrawati
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 1 (2024): MKA Januari 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i1.p111-120.2024

Abstract

Rickets is associated with impaired calcium and phosphate homeostasis, which can lead to short stature and joint deformities. Nutritional rickets results from deficiencies of vitamin D, calcium and phosphate. Vitamin D regulates calcium and phosphorus in the blood, if there is a deficiency of vitamin D it results in inadequate mineralization of osteoid produced by osteoblasts. It is important to ensure adequate vitamin D supplementation in nutritional rickets and rule out vitamin D deficiency in other forms of rickets, which may hinder healing of rickets. Medical rehabilitation can improve functional independence by reducing pain and improving joint mobility, muscle strength, endurance, and gait in rickets patients.
Gambaran Efektivitas Transfusi Thrombocyte Concentrate Pada Pasien Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Santril, Nitri Ramadhani; Rofinda, Zelly Dia; Yusri, Elfira
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 48 No. 2 (2025): MKA April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v48.i2.p181-186.2025

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Transfusi trombosit pasien immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) diindikasikan pada kasus ITP dengan perdarahan. Transfusi trombosit pada pasien ITP tidak diikuti dengan peningkatan jumlah trombosit. Corrected count increment (CCI) merupakan penghitungan untuk menilai efektivitas transfusi trombosit. Efektif bila CCI 1 jam pasca transfusi >7,5 x 109/L dan CCI 24 jam >4,5 x 109/L. Tujuan: Mendapatkan gambaran efektivitas transfusi trombosit concentrate (TC) berdasarkan nilai CCI. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 31 pasien ITP yang mendapatkan transfusi TC Desember 2022- April 2023. Efektivitas transfusi dinilai berdasarkan nilai CCI 1 jam dan 24 jam pasca transfusi. Hasil: Median jumlah trombosit sebelum transfusi adalah 5,0 x 103/L. Median CCI (Min-Maks) 1 jam 1,88 (0,26-14,5) dan medianCCI 24 jam adalah 2,39 (0,26-15,89). Sebanyak 16,1% sampel efektif berdasarkan nilai CCI 1 jam dan 83,9% tidak efektif. Nilai CCI 24 jam pasca transfusi, 35,5% efektif dan 64,5% tidak efektif. Diskusi: Transfusi TC pada pasien ITP tidak efektif berdasarkan nilai CCI 1 jam dan 24 jam karena pendeknya masa hidup trombosit yang ditransfusikan akibat didestruksi oleh sistem imun. Simpulan: Efektivitas transfusi TC pasien ITP berdasarkan nilai CCI 1 jam pasca transfusi adalah 16,1% pasien dan CCI 24 jam adalah 35,5%. Transfusi trombosit pada ITP perlu indikasi tepat
Ekspresi Gen MIRO1 dan P53 pada Co-Culture Wharton Jelly-Mesenchymal Stem Cell dan Jantung Tikus Neonatus Diinduksi Doxorubicin Ariliusra, Zikril
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 48 No. 2 (2025): MKA April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v48.i2.p203-214.2025

Abstract

Transfer mitokondria interseluler diduga dapat menjadi mekanisme terapi mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) terhadap berbagai penyakit yang diakibatkan oleh gangguan atau kerusakan pada mitokondria, salah satunya kardiomiopati akibat doxorubicin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran transfer mitokondria interseluler sebagai mekanisme protektif MSC. Penelitian ex vivo ini menggunakan jantung tikus neonatus yang diberikan doxorubicin dan MSC dengan metode whole organ culture. Pengukuran ekspresi gen Miro1 digunakan sebagai indikator aktivitas transfer mitokondria interseluler dan ekspresi gen p53 sebagai indikator stres sel. Ekspresi gen p53 pada kelompok yang diberikan doxorubicin 20µM selama 30 menit meningkat singnifikan (p<0,05) dibanding kelompok kontrol. Penambahan wharthon’s jelly(WJ)-MSC sebanyak 1x105  atau 1x106 pada menit ke-10 menyebabkan ekspresi gen p53 pada menit ke-30 lebih rendah signifikan (p<0,05) dibanding kelompok perlakuan tanpa penambahan WJ-MSC. Tidak ditemukan korelasi yang signifikan antara ekspresi gen Miro1 dan gen p53 pada kelompok yang mendapatkan WJ-MSC. Pada penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa transfer mitokondria interseluler tidak berperan signifikan dalam mekanisme terapi WJ-MSC tanpa rekayasa genetik.

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