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Majalah Kedokteran Andalas
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 01262092     EISSN : 24425230     DOI : https://doi.org/10.25077
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas (MKA) (p-ISSN: 0126-2092, e-ISSN: 2442-5230) is a peer-reviewed, open-access national journal published by Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas and is dedicated to publish and disseminate research articles, literature reviews, and case reports, in the field of medicine and health, and other related disciplines
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 792 Documents
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Unlocking the Fiber Mystery: The Secret Key to Blood Sugar Control and Diabetes Management Thamrin, Silvia; Sulastri, Delmi
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 4 (2024): MKA October 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i4.p465-473.2024

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Serat makanan terdiri dari karbohidrat kompleks dan lignin yang tidak dihidrolisis oleh enzim manusia dan, oleh karena itu, tidak dicerna atau diserap oleh tubuh manusia. Berbagai efek serat makanan, termasuk peningkatan viskositas intraluminal, penurunan penyerapan makronutrien, dan berkurangnya sekresi insulin, berkontribusi pada pengendalian glikemia postprandial dan mengurangi risiko hipoglikemia pasca-penyerapan. Tujuan: Untuk memberikan pemahaman bahwa asupan serat makanan yang cukup sangat penting untuk kontrol glikemik dan manajemen diabetes yang efektif. Metode: Artikel ini disusun berdasarkan metode tinjauan pustaka. Hasil: Serat makanan memainkan peran penting dalam kontrol glukosa darah, terutama pada individu dengan pra-diabetes dan diabetes. Efek intrinsik serat makanan dalam mengurangi asupan energi dan mempromosikan penurunan berat badan juga penting dalam manajemen diabetes. Selain itu, efek usus besar dari serat makanan, yang meningkatkan fermentasi asam lemak rantai pendek dan mengurangi glukosa harian dan produksi asam lemak bebas, dapat meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin dan mengurangi sekresi insulin. Kesimpulan: Serat pangan memiliki manfaat untuk mengontrol glukosa darah.
Uji Organoleptik dan Zat Gizi Formula Bareh Randang dengan Penambahan Dadih Terhadap Penurunan Hiperkolesterolemia Asrya, Lastrie; Diana, Fivi Melva; Agus, Zulkarnain
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 48 No. 1 (2025): MKA January 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v48.i1.p13-28.2025

Abstract

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui uji organoleptik dan kandungan zat gizi formula bareh randang dengan penambahan dadih terhadap penurunan hiperkolesterolemia. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini eksperimen dengan melakukan percobaan langsung menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat taraf penambahan dadih yaitu 0 gr, 15 gr, 25 gr dan 35 gr per satu formula adonan yang dilakukan dengan dua kali pengulangan. Uji organoleptik dilakukan oleh 25 orang panelis. Data dianalisis dengan uji kruskal wallis dan Uji lanjut mann whitney. Uji laboratorium dilakukan uji kandungan zat gizi proksimat dan uji BAL. Hasil : Berdasarkan uji organoleptik formula terbaik didapatkan dengan penambahan dadih 25 gr. Dari hasil uji kruskal wallis menunjukkan adanya perbedaan nyata p<0,05 terhadap warna, rasa dan teksture sedangkan pada aroma tidak terdapat perbedaan nyata P>0,05. Dari pengujian kandungan BAL ditemukan bahwa pada produk bareh randang mengandung BAL 108CFU/g yang bermanfaat sebagai makanan probiotik. Kesimpulan: Dalam pembuatan produk bareh randang sebaiknya menggunakan penambahan dadih 25 gram.Kata kunci: hiperkolesterolemia; dadih; bareh randang; organoleptik; zat gizi
Hubungan Ekspresi PD-L1 dengan Stadium Patologis dan Grading Karsinoma Urotelial Kandung Kemih Addina, Rina
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 4 (2024): MKA October 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i4.p457-464.2024

Abstract

Objective: To determine the relationship between Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1)   expression with histopathological variants, and staging of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Methods: This study is an observational research with a cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of papillary thyroid carcinoma cases from the Pathological Anatomy Laboratory of Dr. M. Djamil Padang General Hospital, spanning from January 2022 to December 2022, totaling 37 cases. Pathological stages of invasive urothelial carcinoma of bladder were assessed based on the TNM system WHO 2022 classification, and grades were evaluated according to the WHO 2022 classification. PD-L1 expression was assessed through immunohistochemical staining. Bivariate analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The study revealed a positive PD-L1 expression rate of 32.5%. Statistical analysis showed a significant association between PD-L1 expression and pathological stages of invasive urothelial carcinoma of bladder (p=0.019). High stages exhibited higher levels of PD-L1 expression. However, the study did not find a significant relationship between PD-L1 expression and grades of invasive urothelial carcinoma of bladder (p=0.152). Conclusion: There is an association between PD-L1 expression and pathological stages. PD-L1 expression is not associated with the grades of invasive urothelial carcinoma of bladder.
Hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan Kadar Glukosa Darah Puasa dan Tekanan Darah Pada Tenaga Kependidikan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas Hasnah, Hidayatul; Yulia, Dwi; desmawati, Desmawati; fadrian, fadrian; alioes, yustini; arisanty, dessy
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 4 (2024): MKA October 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i4.p371-382.2024

Abstract

Tujuan : mengetahui hubungan indeks massa tubuh dengan kadar glukosa darah puasa dan tekanan darah pada tenaga kependidikan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional dengan subjek penelitian sebanyak 37 orang yang dilaksanakan di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas pada tanggal 08 September 2021. Metode pengambilan sampel ini dengan total sampling, analisis data hubungan indeks massa tubuh dengan kadar glukosa darah puasa dan tekanan darah menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil: Nilai median indeks massa tubuh sebesar 24,22 Kg/, nilai rerata 24,94 Kg/, nilai minimum sebesar 16,23 Kg/ dan nilai maksimum 40,15 Kg/. Nilai median kadar glukosa darah puasa 127 mg/dL, nilai rerata 143,65 mg/dL, nilai minimum sebesar 93 mg/dL dan nilai maksimum 399 mg/dL. Nilai median dari tekanan darah 126 mmHg,nilai rerata 128,7 mmHg,  nilai minimum 94 mmHg, dan nilai maksimum 213 mmHg. Tidak terdapat korelasi bermakna antara indeks massa tubuh dengan kadar glukosa darah puasa (p=0,203) ataupun pada indeks massa tubuh dengan tekanan darah (p= 0,097) pada subjek penelitian. Kesimpulan: tidak terdapat korelasi bermakna antara indeks massa tubuh dengan kadar glukosa darah puasa dan antara indeks massa tubuh dengan tekanan darah pada tenaga kependidikan pada Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas.  
Hubungan Kadar IL-6 dengan CTX-1 dan Aktivitas Penyakit pada Artritis Reumatoid Amanda, Maya
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 4 (2024): MKA October 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i4.p436-446.2024

Abstract

Tujuan Penelitian : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis korelasi kadar IL-6 dengan CTX-1 dan Aktivitas Penyakit (DAS-28) pada artriris reumatoid. Metode: Penelitian analitik dengan studi potong lintang pada 50 pasien artritis reumatoid. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan metode konsekutif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam Khusus Reumatologi RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang, bulan Januari - April tahun 2022. Variabel bebas adalah kadar IL-6 dan variabel terikat adalah kadar CTX-1 dan Aktivitas Penyakit (DAS-28). Dilakukan analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat dengan uji Spearman. Hasil: Ditemukan peningkatan kadar IL-6 dan CTX-1 pada artritis reumatoid. Nilai median kadar IL-6 yaitu 28,85 (20,12-123,72) pg/ml, nilai median kadar CTX-1 yaitu 4,89 (0,44 – 34,692) ng/ml. Rerata Aktivitas Penyakit (DAS-28) yaitu 3,1 (1,2). Uji korelasi kadar IL-6 dengan CTX-1 didapatkan korelasi positif sangat kuat dan bermakna ( r = 0,959 dan p < 0,001). Uji korelasi kadar IL-6 dengan Aktivitas Penyakit didapatkan korelasi positif sangat kuat dan bermakna ( r = 0,911 dan p < 0,001). Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi positif sangat kuat antara kadar Il-6 dengan CTX-1 dan terdapat korelasi positif sangat kuat antara kadar IL-6 dengan Aktivitas Penyakit (DAS-28) pada artritis reumatoid.
Exploring the Therapeutic Landscape: A Systematic Review on the Anti-inflammatory Effects of Probiotics in Colitis-associated Colorectal Cancer Suswita, Rini; Alvarino; Eryati Darwin; Jamsari
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 3 (2024): MKA July 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i3.p341-361.2024

Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer is closely linked to chronic inflammation; long-standing colitis confers a 2–3-fold higher risk. Modulating the gut–immune axis with probiotics may attenuate the inflammatory microenvironment of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Objective:To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of probiotics in CAC animal models. Methods: We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Wiley Online Library; 248 records were screened and 9 studies met inclusion. Risk of bias was appraised using SYRCLE RoB. Results: Probiotic treatment consistently reduced clinical severity, down-regulated inflammatory markers, and modulated key signaling pathways in CAC models. Nonetheless, evidence was heterogeneous, sample sizes were small, and dosing, strains, and formulations varied; safety reporting was limited. Conclusions: Probiotics show promise as anti-inflammatory adjuncts in CAC based on animal studies. Rigorous, standardized preclinical work and well-designed trials are needed to define optimal strains, dosing, and formulations, and to confirm efficacy and safety for translation.
Epidemiological Analysis and Management of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Trauma in Indonesia: A Systematic Review Ridho, Fiki Muhammad; Syahri, Alfi; Dwisari, Pulung
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 4 (2024): MKA October 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i4.p474-493.2024

Abstract

Objective: This systematic review aims to analyze and review the epidemiological characteristics and management of oral and craniomaxillofacial trauma in patients in Indonesia. Methods: Using PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review of articles published in Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Garuda up to March 2024 was conducted. In selecting studies, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Results: This study included 2,928 cases of oral and craniomaxillofacial trauma obtained from a total of 44 studies consisting of 25 case reports, 11 retrospective studies, 7 cross-sectional studies, and 1 case series. Summary results from pooled data, this study highlights that male patients predominate in all cases with a total of 80.70% and the male/female ratio is 4.2:1. Oral and craniomaxillofacial trauma occurred mostly in the 21-30 year age group (25.51%), followed by 11-20 year olds (24.15%) and 31-40 year olds (16.73%). Based on etiology, most cases occurred due to traffic accidents (87.88%). In the management of trauma cases, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is the most frequently performed with a total of 66.71% of all cases. Conclusion: Oral and craniomaxillofacial trauma in Indonesia is dominated by male patients and in the productive age group with mandibular fractures being the highest cases.
Anosmia pada Rinitis Virus dan Rinitis COVID-19: Sebuah Tinjauan Naratif Berliandi, Lucky; Irfandy, Dolly; Yetti, Husna
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 4 (2024): MKA October 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i4.p494-500.2024

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Anosmia adalah gejala khas pada rinitis akibat infeksi virus dan sering dilaporkan menonjol pada rinitis terkait COVID-19. Memahami perbedaan angka kejadiannya penting untuk penapisan klinis, keputusan isolasi, dan komunikasi risiko pada pasien. Tujuan: untuk melihat bagaimana anosmia pada rinitis virus dan rinitis COVID-19. Metode: penelitian ini merupakan suatu tinjauan naratif yang menggunakan metode PRISMA berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil: anosmia yang disebabkan oleh rinitis COVID-19 memiliki angka kejadian yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan rinitis yang disebabkan oleh virus lain. Kesimpulan: angka kejadian anosmia lebih tinggi terjadi pada rinitis COVID-19 daripada rinitis virus. Anosmia dapat menjadi gejala alarm untuk mencurigai seseorang mengalami rinitis COVID-19.
Efek Pemberian Mesenchymal Stem Cell Wharton's Jelly (MSC-WJ) terhadap Gambaran Histologi Pankreas Hewan Model Diabetes Melitus Tipe 1 Endrinaldi, Endrinaldi; Tofrizal, Tofrizal; Elmatris, Elmatris; Yarni, Sisca Dwi
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 2 (2024): MKA April 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i2.p148-155.2024

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of administering Mesenchymal Stem Cell Wharton Jelly (MSC-WJ) on the histological appearance of the pancreas of rat in a type 1 diabetes mellitus model. Methods: This research is an experimental research with a Posttest-Only Control Group Design. The sample consisted of 3 groups (Normal, T1DM, T1DM + MSC-WJ). The treatment group was treated with MSC-WJ for 4 weeks. Data analysis used One Way ANOVA and Post Hoc Bonferroni tests. Results: WJ-MSC can increase the mean diameter and area of the islets of Langerhans in the T1DM rat group from 98.08 mm – 126.85 mm and from 4911.95 mm2 – 8995.35 mm2, but this difference is not yet significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion This research shows that there is improvement in pancreatic damage by administering WJ-MSC to diabetic rat due to alloxan induction.
The Enhancement of COVID-19 Severity on Coagulation Markers: a Cross-sectional Study in West Sumatra, Indonesia Febrianti, Ika Kurnia; Putra, Andani Eka; Raveinal, Raveinal; Elliyanti, Aisyah
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 2 (2024): MKA April 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i2.p139-147.2024

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the description of the coagulation marker and how it implicates COVID-19 patients based on clinical outcomes in the form of enhancement severity and death. Method: The subjects were collected from patients with positive COVID-19 RT-PCR with medical records including demographic data, and laboratory results such as hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocytes, platelets, coagulation markers (D-dimer, PT, and APTT), and patients outcomes post-treatment. Statistical analysis is performed by using chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were considered statistically difference level of significant between variables. Result: The COVID-19 patients is classified into mild group with 27 subjects  (44.2%) and moderate-severe group 34 subjects (55.8%). Leukocytes, D-dimer, and PT levels significantly differed between mild and moderate-severe groups. All coagulation markers had a symptomatic effect on Covid-19 patients, increased D-dimer and prolonged prothrombin time in adult COVID-19 patients tend to be followed by the enhancement of severe symptoms and death

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