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Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 2621539x     EISSN : 26215470     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan is an official publication of Faculty of Medicine Trisakti University. Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan is a third-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic.
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Search results for , issue "Vol 6 No 2 (2023)" : 11 Documents clear
Clostridium difficile Problematik Infeksi Clostridium difficile: Infeksi C. difficile Tjampakasari, Conny Riana; Hanayurianingtyas, Deajeng Laras
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 6 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2023.v6.235-249

Abstract

Clostridium difficile is a Gram-positive, strictly anaerobic, spore-forming bacterium. The virulence factor of this bacterium is the toxins it produces, namely enterotoxin A (TcdA ) and cytotoxin B (TcdB). Transmission occurs fecally orally by ingesting the spores of this bacteria. Clostridium difficile is the most common cause of fulminant-associated in hospitals and other healthcare facilities and is of significant concern because of the increasing morbidity and mortality rates as well as increased healthcare costs. Elderly patients or patients with compromised immune systems are patients at the highest risk for this case. Clostridiosis present a varied spectrum of infection, ranging from self-limited diarrhea, mild to moderate diarrhea, to serious diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis, and life-threatening fulminant colitis which can be life-threatening and can cause death. The diagnosis is made by direct detection of Clostridium difficile toxin in the feces. Although empiric therapy known as vancomycin and fidaxomycin have been used as the antibiotic choice, prompt identification of patients with symptoms of Clostridium difficile infection is very important because most patients respond quickly to antimicrobial therapy. may result in death. Prompt identification of patients with symptomatic Clostridium difficile infection is essential as the majority of patients respond quickly to antimicrobial therapy. Prevention is best achieved by implementing infection control measures and appropriate use of antimicrobial agents. Health professional education regarding preventive measures such as hand washing, wearing gloves, decontamination of medical equipment, and the proper environment is highly recommended.
The Perbedaan Jumlah Blast pada Hitung Manual dengan Alat Hematologi Siemens Advia 2120i Mario, Mario; PB, Notopuro
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 6 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2023.v6.186-195

Abstract

Background The development of sophisticated automated blood-cell analyzers caused the proportion of bloodcount samples requiring a manual different count to diminish steadily. Blood smear remains a crucial diagnostic aid in determining the type of leukemia by the appearance and blast numbers in blood smear. Siemens ADVIA 2120i has a parameter of blast cell percentage. This study was undertaken to determine the difference in blast number between manual count and Siemens ADVIA 2120i automatic hematology analyzer. Methods This was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design. Thirty samples (22 peripheral blood and eight bone marrow) detected blast numbers from Siemens ADVIA 2120i were examined. Samples were collected from November 2015 to August 2016. A manual count was performed on each sample using a blood smear and bone marrow evaluation. Results Twenty-three cases of AML and 7 cases of ALL were found. Blast percentage from the manual count was between 0 to 95% (Mean 28.5%); from Advia 2120i was between 0.1 to 99% (Mean 16.2%). There was a significant difference in conformity results from blast number between manual count and Siemens ADVIA 2120i with p<0.05. Discussion The difference in blast numbers between manual count and Siemens ADVIA 2120i could be caused by: (1) in manual count, determining blast cells is based on cytoplasm characteristics, granules, nuclear cells, nuclear chromatin, and nucleoli. (2) in ADVIA 2120i, determining blast cell is based on complexity and resistance from BASO reagent. Conclusion Blast numbers were significantly different between manual count and Siemens ADVIA 2120i.
Prevalensi dan Pola Kepekaan Acinetobacter baumannii di Ruang Rawat Intensif RS Swasta di Jakarta Dharmawan, Ade; Devita, Arleen; Gunardi, Wani Devita; Layanto, Nicolas
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 6 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2023.v6.178-185

Abstract

Background Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the bacteria that cause nosocomial infections, especially in the intensive care unit. These bacteria can cause infections, including bacteremia, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, surgical site infections, and meningitis. Most of these bacteria are multi-resistant to various antibiotics, impacting cure rates and length of stay. This study aimed to determine these bacteria's prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns in the intensive care unit. Methods This research is descriptive research with a retrospective approach. The data was taken from the antibiotic susceptibility report in the intensive care unit of a private hospital in Jakarta in the period January 2020 – December 2021. The antibiotic susceptibility report was processed using the WHONET 2018 software. Results From 681 specimens examined in the intensive care unit, the prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii was 28.7%, 80% of which came from respiratory specimens. In the sensitivity test results, only the antibiotic Colistin has the best sensitivity to this bacteria, which is 100% sensitive, while other antibiotics have poor sensitivity. Conclusions Acinetobacter baumannii is the bacteria that causes infection in the intensive care unit, with almost all of them being multi-drug resistant bacteria.
Hubungan Penggunaan Air Gambut dengan Keluhan Kulit yang Terjadi pada Masyarakat Desa Handil Sohor, Indonesia Nawan, Nawan; Wulandari, Intan Wahyu; Alexandra, Francisca Diana; Handayani, Septi
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 6 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2023.v6.170-177

Abstract

Background The use of peat water as a water source, especially in areas with large peatlands, such as in central Kalimantan, is still common. Handil Sohor is one of the villages in Central Kalimantan Province where the community still uses peat water for daily needs. Peat water, which does not fulfill the health requirement, is used for daily needs such as bathing and washing; therefore it can cause health complaints on the skin. Purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between peat water and skin disease complaints that happened in society. Methods The research type used is an analytical descriptive method with a cross-sectional design. The samples used in this research are 116 people taken with the purposive sampling technique and peat water samples. This research is conducted in June - October 2022. Results This research results showed that in a society with a contact duration of more than 60 minutes/day experienced skin disease complaints are 32 respondents in a society with a frequency of using peat water more than three times/day who experienced skin disease complaints are 41 respondents. The statistical test results through the chi-square test obtained the results for the contact duration variable with scores (p-value = 0,007) and (OR = 2,857). Conclusions Contact duration and frequency of use of peat water correlate with skin disease complaints.
Deteksi gen secara Epidemiologi Molekuler pada Isolat Klinik Klebsiella pneumoniae dari Pasien Dewasa dengan komorbid di Rumah Sakit Baghdad Kudaer, Nuha B; Risan, Mohsen Hashim; Raheem, Rasha; Zainulabdeen, Khalid; Salman, Israa; Hairunisa, Nany; Amalia, Husnun; Hameed, Seenar; Yousif, Emad
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 6 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2023.v6.196-215

Abstract

Background Klebsiella species is one of the most worldwide opportunistic pathogens in the world that cause infections at multiple sites like lung, urinary tract, bloodstream, wound or surgical site, and brain. Klebsiella pneumoniae has many types of virulence factors that give the bacteria the ability to invade the host and cause infections. Methods A total of (105) human clinical samples were collected from different patients with different cases. Klebsiella pneumonia were isolated from 30 samples. The bacteria were identified by biochemical tests and certified by using VITEK 2 system and genetically by amplify using PCR for 16 rRNA gene. One of the Klebsiella pneumoniae virulence factors is the capsule that is responsible for the macrophage resistance and its also responsible for serotype. So to confirm the strains isolated, PCR Gene detection of, MagA, K2A, RmpA, and Kfu, where (magA, k2A, rmpA, kfu) gens are responsible for capsule synthesis of Klebsiella pneumonia have been done. Results There were 30 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae were identified. Epidemiological studies show that infections are preceded by gastrointestinal colonization, with the gastrointestinal tract being the most important reservoir for transmission. The primary bacterial isolates were identified based on their cultural, microscopic, and biochemical traits. The API system (API 20E) and VITEK 2 systems were used to confirm the identity of the bacterial isolates. Colony morphology revealed that Klebsiella pneumonia was Gram-negative, non-motile, microscopic straight rods grouped singly or in pairs. Biochemical tests showed that neutral end products prevailed over acidic end products, with Klebsiella producing negative results for indole. The Kligler Iron Agar (KIA) test showed that Klebsiella isolates changed the color of the slant and butt, producing an acidic slant and acid butt, along with gas production. The urease test for Klebsiella distinguishes between Enterobacter and Klebsiella isolates, as Klebsiella can manufacture the urease enzyme. The indole test distinguishes K. pneumonia from K. pneumonia from K. mobiliz. The API 20E system was used for biochemical testing, and the VITEK 2 system was used for identification. The VITEK 2 system was used to test for biochemical and antibiotic susceptibility, and the results supported the findings from morphological and biochemical analyses. PCR amplification was used for molecular detection, and all nine isolates tested positive for the magA and k2A genes. The ferric iron uptake system gene (kfu) and the extracapsular polysaccharide synthesis regulator gene (rmpA) were amplified using specific primer pairs. The VITEK 2 system demonstrated promising outcomes for K. pneumoniae identification. However, standard diagnostic methods are costly and time-consuming. Conclusions Navigating the complex landscape of infectious diseases, collaborative research projects have become indispensable in unraveling the mysteries surrounding pathogens. The project in Baghdad, having stood as a shining example of such collaboration, provided valuable insights into the identification, characterization, and molecular aspects of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. The findings, have not only contributed to the scientific community's understanding of bacterial infections but also paved the way for enhanced strategies in diagnosis and treatment.
Peran Sitoglobin pada Kanker Yastani, Deasyka; H, Novi Silvia; Jusman, Sri Widia A
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 6 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2023.v6.250-260

Abstract

Cytoglobin (Cygb) is a new member of the globin protein family, following the discovery of other globin proteins such as hemoglobin (Hb), myoglobin (Mb), and neuroglobin (Ngb). In 2001, Kawada et al. identified Cygb in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) that play an important role in the repair of damaged liver cell tissue, hence the name stellate cell activation-associated protein (STAP). Cygb has a more universal role than Hb, Mb, and Ngb, and is expressed throughout mammalian tissues. Cygb is a globin with 6 coordination bonds (hexacoordinate globin). Cygb has been shown to play an important role in the normal cell respiratory chain, including oxygen storage, destruction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), terminal oxidase activity, regulation of fibrogenesis, and regulation of apoptosis. The role of Cygb in the respiratory process has been studied because it is associated with the globin family, and because of the upregulation of Cygb during hypoxia, but its specific role has not been elaborated. Recent research reports that Cygb has several implications for cancer. In most cancer cells, Cygb expression is upregulated by hypermethylation, suggesting epigenetic control. In cancer cells, downregulation of Cygb occurs which indicates a possible role as a tumor suppressor gene. In some malignancies, on the contrary, Cygb upregulation may be associated with resistance to hypoxia which indicates Cygb has two sides or Janus faces related to its role in cancer cells.
Uji Efektifitas Antioksidan Minyak Zaitun terhadap Malondialdehyde (MDA) pada Tikus Hiperglikemia Okvenda, Ariani Zaltin; Yerizel, Eti; Yerizel, Raveinal; Yerizel, Almurdi
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 6 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2023.v6.158-169

Abstract

Background Hyperglycemia is a medical condition that increases blood glucose levels beyond normal limits because the body lacks enough insulin or insulin does not work properly and is known to trigger oxidative stress. In cells sensitive to Hyperglycemia, such as endothelial cells, excessive glucose loads trigger the formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in mitochondria, impairing mitochondrial function. ROS are essential mediators for activating pro-inflammatory signaling pathways; obesity and hyperglycemia-induced ROS production may support the induction of proinflammatory macrophages such as M1 during the onset and development of diabetes. Consumption of olive oil can increase plasma antioxidant capacity and reduce oxidative stress markers. Methods This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of olive oil antioxidants against Malondialdehyde (MDA) in hyperglycemic rats. This is an experimental design with a post-test-only group design. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into three groups (n = 8): negative control (K-), positive control (K+), and treatment (P). The normality test was conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk test, followed by Kruskal Wallis. Results The olive oil was proven to reduce levels of Malondialdehyde in the P group, with an average of 2.29 nmol/mL lower than the K+ group. Although the olive oil reduced the average MDA level in hyperglycemic rats, the post-hoc test showed no difference in MDA between the K+ and P groups (p-value = 0.226). Conclusions Antioxidants in olive oil may effectively lower blood glucose levels, reducing levels of Malondialdehyde in hyperglycemic rats.
Pencegahan Disabilitas pada Kusta Thiodorus, Robert; Rusyati, Luh Made Mas; Sadeli, Marrietta Sugiarti
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 6 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2023.v6.216-223

Abstract

Leprosy, a chronic granulomatous infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium Leprae, presents a complex challenge with profound social, physical, and economic implications. The burden of leprosy is a persistent concern in many developing countries, despite substantial control efforts. The World Health Organization (WHO) initiated the "Global Leprosy Strategy 2016-2020" to combat this issue, focusing on reducing children diagnosed with leprosy, eliminating visible deformities, and enacting anti-discrimination laws. Disability in leprosy is multifaceted and preventing disability in leprosy is a critical endeavor, such as prophylaxis, early diagnosis, and comprehensive care strategies. Vaccination with the BCG vaccine provides moderate protection, and combining it with single-dose rifampicin (SDR) can enhance its effectiveness, particularly for lepromatous cases with delayed diagnoses. Improved training for healthcare providers can facilitate early detection, reducing the risk of disability. After effective leprosy treatment, longterm morbidity remains a concern. Continued education of healthcare workers and communities is pivotal in preventing damage to hands, feet, and eyes, especially in cases of peripheral neuropathy. Disability progression is a substantial risk, highlighting the need for ongoing medical assessments, even post-MDT treatment. Restructuring primary care services to ensure quality post-treatment care is essential. Stigma remains a significant obstacle in leprosy prevention. Community awareness and stigma reduction can motivate individuals to seek treatment. Epidemiological patterns transmission within households, play a crucial role in identifying new cases. Routine examinations of household contacts of leprosy patients can expedite early diagnosis. Nutrition also plays a role in leprosy prevention. Ensuring access to nutritious food is critical to reducing the risk of developing the disease. In conclusion, the prevention of disability in leprosy is a multifaceted endeavor that demands comprehensive strategies, early intervention, awareness, and community engagement. Addressing this issue is vital for improving the quality of life for individuals affected by leprosy and for achieving a leprosy-free world.
Kadar Transforming Growth Factor- Serum Berkorelasi Positif dengan Kadar Immunoglobulin M Anti-Phenolic Glycolipid-1 pada Narakontak Serumah Pasien Kusta Multibasiler Primasari, Putu Yunita; Rusyati, Luh Made Mas; Karmila, I Gusti Ayu Agung Dwi; Winaya, Ketut Kwartantaya; Suryawati, Nyoman; Karna, Ni Luh Putu Ratih Vibriyanti
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 6 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2023.v6.146-157

Abstract

Background Leprosy is a chronic progressive infectious disease. Phenolic glycolipid-1 (PGL-1) is an antigen of Mycobacterium leprae, which can trigger the host’s antibody response. Transforming growth factorβ (TGF-β) plays an immunosuppressive role when the host is exposed to PGL-1 antigen or other M. leprae antigens. This study aims to determine the correlation of TGF-β levels with IgM anti-PGL-1 levels in patients with multibacillary leprosy household contacts. Methods Observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. The study subjects consisted of 48 household contact subjects and 24 non-household contact subjects aged 15-65 years old who were selected by consecutive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. 3 mL of venous blood samples were taken and then examined for IgM anti-PGL-1 and TGF-β with the ELISA kit. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 23, and a p-value <0.05 was significant. Results The mean level of IgM anti-PGL-1 in the household contact group was 685.46 ± 290.79 u/mL, while in the non-household contact group was 345.50 ± 206.58 u/mL. The mean TGF-β level in household contact groups was 256.69 ± 127.41 pg/mL, while in the non-household contact group was 144.85 ± 36.73 pg/mL (p<0.001). This study found a moderate positive relationship (r=0.450, p<0.001) between levels of TGF-β and IgM anti-PGL-1 household contacts and non-household contacts group. Conclusions The mean level of IgM anti-PGL-1 and TGF-β in household contacts is higher than in non-household contacts, with a significant difference. There is a moderate positive significant relationship between levels of TGF-β and IgM anti-PGL-1 household contacts and non-household contacts group.
Penyakit Asbes Akibat Kerja di Indonesia: Himbauan untuk Segera Melakukan Tindakan dan Kesadaran Dwi Lestari, Ade; Hairunisa, Nany; Mohamad Ridwan, Alvin
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 6 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2023.v6.224-234

Abstract

Despite many countries have either reduced or banned asbestos use, Indonesia has yet to ban the use of asbestos. Asbestos exposure poses significant health risks, particularly respiratory diseases such asbestos-related lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis known as an asbestos-related disease. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), asbestos is a major global health concern with millions of people exposed to its hazards and resulting in a significant number of deaths each year. We conducted a literature review study on the topic of asbestos-related diseases in Indonesia. Based on our findings, due to the large amount of asbestos being handled, it is expected that there should be hundreds to a thousand cases of asbestos-related disorders in Indonesia each year. Unfortunetely it is uncommon to find and diagnose cases of asbestos-related diseases in Indonesia. The lack of awareness, inadequate diagnosis, and underreporting of asbestos-related diseases contribute to the challenges faced in Indonesia. The study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive ban on asbestos, safer alternative materials, standardized medical surveillance for exposed workers, increased awareness and cooperation among stakeholders to eliminate asbestos-related diseases in Indonesia.

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