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Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 2621539x     EISSN : 26215470     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan is an official publication of Faculty of Medicine Trisakti University. Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan is a third-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic.
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Articles 290 Documents
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IgA Nephritis Vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein Purpura) Associated with Previous Streptococcal Infection and Acute Rheumatic Fever Putu Evindya Vipascitadewi Nandanaya Bharata; I Made Setiadji; Putu Ayu Dewita Ganeswari; Luh Putu Venny Cempaka Sari
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2026.v9.162-172

Abstract

Henoch–Schönlein purpura (HSP), now known as IgA vasculitis (IgAV), is an immune-mediated small-vessel vasculitis that primarily affects children. Although its precise etiology remains unclear, group A streptococcal infection is a well-recognized potential immune trigger. The co-occurrence of IgAV, acute rheumatic fever (ARF), rheumatic heart disease (RHD), and Sydenham chorea is an extremely rare clinical phenotype with high educational value. We report an adolescent male presenting with the classic systemic tetrad of IgAV: generalized palpable purpura, migratory arthralgia, abdominal pain, and nephritis (hematuria and proteinuria). Laboratory testing revealed elevated anti-streptolysin O (ASLO) titers (400 IU/mL) after recent pharyngitis. Concurrently, the patient met the Jones criteria for ARF, with Sydenham chorea and echocardiographic evidence of carditis consistent with RHD. Skin biopsy confirmed leukocytoclastic vasculitis, though direct immunofluorescence (DIF) for tissue IgA deposition was unavailable. Treatment with systemic corticosteroids led to significant short-term clinical improvement. However, due to geographical constraints, the patient transferred care to his regional hospital, precluding long-term longitudinal assessment of proteinuria and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) at our tertiary center. This case highlights a challenging clinical intersection of post-streptococcal syndromes and IgAV. Although the lack of DIF and definitive bacterial cultures is a diagnostic limitation, the classical clinical presentation and histopathology strongly support the working diagnosis.
Operasi Katarak pada Miopia Aksial Ekstrem Menggunakan Lensa Intraokular Berkekuatan Sangat Rendah dengan Cincin Penegang Kapsul: Laporan Kasus Kadek Rina Agustinawati; Cokorda Agung Dalem Pemayun
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2026.v9.173-178

Abstract

Cataract surgery in patients with extreme axial myopia presents unique surgical challenges because of excessive axial elongation, difficulties in intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation, and potential zonular weakness. Implantation of an ultra-low power IOL is uncommon and may increase the risk of refractive prediction errors and capsular instability. Prophylactic use of a capsular tension ring (CTR) may improve capsular stability and postoperative IOL centration in selected high-risk eyes. A 49-year-old man with bilateral cataracts and extreme axial myopia presented with progressive visual impairment in both eyes. Preoperative best-corrected visual acuity was 1/300 in each eye, and optical biometry showed axial lengths exceeding 30 mm bilaterally. Sequential phacoemulsification was performed, with prophylactic implantation of a standard CTR followed by implantation of a +1.5-diopter posterior chamber IOL in each eye. The surgeries were completed without intraoperative complications. At one month postoperatively, best-corrected visual acuity improved to 20/50 in the right eye and 20/40 in the left eye. Both IOLs remained well centered, and no significant postoperative complications were observed. Conclusion was  Sequential phacoemulsification using an ultra-low-power IOL, combined with prophylactic CTR implantation, resulted in satisfactory early visual outcomes in this patient with extreme axial myopia. Careful preoperative planning, accurate IOL power calculation, and appropriate capsular stabilization are essential to optimize surgical outcomes in eyes with excessive axial length.
Hubungan perubahan kadar viral load dengan perubahan indeks massa tubuh selama terapi antiretroviral HIV/AIDS Nurul Rahmania Aryanti; Diana Samara
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2026.v9.129-140

Abstract

Background Nutritional status in HIV patients is often associated with disease progression and the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Viral load is considered a key indicator of ART success, but its direct relationship with body mass index (BMI) is still inconsistent. Methods This study conducted at Fatmawati Central General Hospital, Jakarta, uses a cross-sectional design with combined analysis using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to assess differences before and after ART, and Spearman's rho correlation test to assess the relationship between changes (Δ) in viral load levels (log10 copies/mL) and BMI (kg/m2) during ART in HIV/AIDS patients with a significance level of p < 0.05. Data were obtained from the medical records of HIV patients receiving ART, with analysis performed at two paired measurement periods categorized as pre-ART (during the initial 6 months of treatment) and post-ART (at the most recent follow-up). Results The number of subjects in this study is 113 HIV/AIDS patients with a median age of 33 years and the majority being male (75.2%). The median viral load significantly decreased from 3.95 before ART to 3.37 log10 copies/mL after antiretroviral therapy (p < 0.001), while the median body mass index increased from 21.51 to 22.22 kg/m² (p = 0.004). The Spearman correlation test showed no significant relationship between viral load levels and BMI before therapy (p = 0.146), after therapy (p = 0.942), or based on the change in values (Δ) during therapy (p = 0.402). Conclusions Antiretroviral therapy significantly reduces viral load levels and increases body mass index in HIV/AIDS patients. However, there is no significant relation between changes in viral load levels and changes in body mass index during antiretroviral therapy.
Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka mengenai Restriksi Kalori dan Penuaan Kulit Gabriela Michele Rukma Juslim; Rossy Sintya Marthasari; Melisa Ayu
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2026.v9.254-267

Abstract

Skin aging is a complex biological process influenced by the interaction of intrinsic factors, such as genetic, hormonal, and metabolic changes, and extrinsic factors, including ultraviolet (UV) radiation, pollution, smoking, and dietary habits. The combined effects of these factors lead to various structural and functional alterations in the skin, including reduced collagen synthesis, extracellular matrix degradation, increased oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and impaired cellular regeneration. Clinically, these changes manifest as wrinkles, loss of skin elasticity, dryness, and hyperpigmentation. In recent years, nutritional interventions have emerged as a promising approach to delay the skin aging process. Among these strategies, calorie restriction has gained considerable attention due to its potential anti-aging effects. Calorie restriction is defined as a reduction in energy intake without causing malnutrition while maintaining an adequate supply of essential nutrients to preserve metabolic homeostasis. It has been shown to reduce the production of reactive oxygen species, attenuate oxidative stress, suppress chronic systemic inflammation, and modulate several molecular pathways involved in aging, including the insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and sirtuin signaling pathways. Through these mechanisms, calorie restriction may help preserve skin structural integrity, improve cellular function, and delay the onset of visible signs of skin aging. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying skin aging, elucidate the relationship between nutrition and skin health, and summarize the current scientific evidence regarding the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of calorie restriction in slowing the skin aging process. The findings of this review are expected to serve as a foundation for the development of nutrition-based preventive and therapeutic strategies to promote skin health and improve the quality of life in the aging population.
Serial Kasus: Pola EEG dan Hubungannya dengan Luaran Pasien Pasca-Kembalinya Sirkulasi Spontan (ROSC) Rima Anindita Primandari; Winda Arista Haeriyoko; Fitri Octaviana; Astri Budikayanti
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2026.v9.179-193

Abstract

Return of spontaneous circulation after cardiopulmonary resuscitation is often followed by hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, which may affect neurological recovery. Electroencephalography (EEG) is commonly used to evaluate brain function and prognosis in these patients. EEG patterns can be classified into benign, malignant, and highly malignant categories, which reflect the severity of brain injury. Objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between EEG patterns and clinical outcomes in patients after return of spontaneous circulation. This case series included six patients who underwent EEG examination more than 24 hours after cardiac arrest. EEG findings were classified according to the Westhall classification and compared with clinical outcomes using the Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) scaler The Results were Four patients showed highly malignant EEG patterns, including electrocerebral inactivity or continuous suppression, and all had poor outcomes (CPC 4–5). Two patients with benign EEG patterns had relatively better outcomes (CPC 3–4). No patient achieved good neurological recovery (CPC 1–2). Low EEG reactivity was observed in all cases, and amplitudes below 10 µV were mostly found in patients with CPC 5. Highly malignant EEG patterns were strongly associated with poor neurological outcomes after return of spontaneous circulation. EEG may be useful as part of a multimodal approach for prognostic evaluation in post-cardiac arrest patients.
Crosstalk Apoptosis-Autofagi pada Kanker Serviks: Peran BAX, BCL-2, dan Cleaved Caspase-3 Diah Komala Sari; Mgs Irsan Saleh; Subandrate Subandrate; Shaum Shiyan
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2026.v9.207-218

Abstract

Cervical cancer remains a major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality among women worldwide. In addition to persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, dysregulation of cell survival and cell death mechanisms contributes to cervical cancer development and progression. Apoptosis and autophagy are two important biological processes involved in regulating cancer cell survival and death; however, the interaction between these processes remains complex and context-dependent. This review aimed to examine the crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy in cervical cancer, with a particular focus on the roles of BAX, BCL-2, and cleaved Caspase-3. A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed to identify publications related to apoptosis–autophagy crosstalk in cervical cancer, with particular attention to studies discussing BAX, BCL-2, cleaved Caspase-3, and selected autophagy-related regulators published between 2020 and 2025. Articles were selected based on relevance to the review topic and were synthesized descriptively to provide an overview of current evidence. The reviewed studies indicated that increased apoptotic activity was frequently associated with BAX upregulation, BCL-2 downregulation, and activation of cleaved Caspase-3. In contrast, autophagy exhibited a context-dependent role and functioned either as a mechanism of cancer cell death or as a protective process that promotes cancer cell survival. The interaction between BCL-2 and Beclin1, together with the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, emerged as important components of apoptosis–autophagy crosstalk. The conclusions was the balance between apoptosis and autophagy appears to influence cervical cancer cell responses to therapeutic interventions. BAX, BCL-2, and cleaved Caspase-3 may provide useful molecular information for future investigations of cervical cancer biology and therapeutic responses
Perubahan Antropometri dan Hemoglobin setelah Edukasi Gizi dan PMT pada Balita Malnutrisi Nugrahayu Widyawardani; Nurfitri Bustamam; Taufiq Fredrik Pasiak; Tuty Rizkianti; Citra Ayu Aprilia; Panji Octo Prasetio; Nevanya Rosaria Angelita; Fasya Fadhilah Agustin Mulyadi
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2026.v9.141-150

Abstract

Background Malnutrition among children under five remains a major public health concern, including in semi-urban areas such as Klapanunggal, Bogor. Inadequate dietary intake may contribute to underweight, wasting, low hemoglobin concentration, and anemia. This study evaluated changes in maternal nutrition knowledge, child anthropometric indicators, and hemoglobin concentration following nutrition education and local food-based supplementary feeding. Methods A one-group pre–post intervention study involved 37 children aged 6–59 months with underweight or wasting. Mothers received nutrition education, while children received local food-based supplementary feeding for 28 days in the underweight group and 56 days in the wasting group. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, two non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls, anthropometric measurements, and capillary hemoglobin testing. Normality of paired differences was assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk test. Paired-samples t-tests were used for normally distributed data, while Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used for non-normally distributed data. Results Maternal nutrition knowledge, weight-for-height z-scores, weight-for-age z-scores, and hemoglobin concentration increased significantly after the intervention. However, information on concurrent iron supplementation, infection treatment, and other clinical interventions was not systematically recorded. Conclusions Nutrition education and local food-based supplementary feeding were associated with improved maternal nutrition knowledge and child anthropometric indicators. The increase in hemoglobin concentration should be interpreted cautiously because potential concurrent supplementation and clinical treatment were not documented or controlled.
Zink sebagai Strategi Neuroprotektif dan Antioksidan pada Model Tikus Alzheimer-like Akibat Ovariektomi dan D-Galaktosa: Tinjauan Klinikopatologi dan Terapeutik Novi Dewi Tanjung
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2026.v9.219-239

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent form of dementia globally, with postmenopausal women bearing a disproportionately higher risk attributable to the loss of estrogen's neuroprotective effects. The rat model combining bilateral ovariectomy and chronic D-galactose induction has been validated as a preclinical representation of sporadic postmenopausal AD, producing a clinicopathological profile encompassing elevated oxidative stress markers (increased MDA and decreased SOD activity), hippocampal amyloid-β42 accumulation, acetylcholinesterase hyperactivity, decreased expression of BDNF and Nrf2, elevated GSK-3β expression, and hippocampal histopathological degeneration. This review integrates these clinicopathological profiles across five interconnected domains: oxidative, amyloid, cholinergic, molecular, and histopathological and evaluates preclinical evidence for zinc as a multi-target therapeutic agent. Principal mechanisms identified include Nrf2-ARE pathway activation, M1/M2 microglial polarization modulation, support of BDNF expression, and indirect protection of cholinergic neuronal integrity. An observation across preclinical studies is that the relationship between zinc dosage and neuroprotection conforms to a U-shaped or inverted-U-shaped dose-response curve, making systematic dose-response evaluation essential for identifying optimal therapeutic doses. Key research gaps identified include the absence of systematic dose-response studies using zinc in the OVX+D-galactose model, limited exploration of therapeutic zinc administration following AD-like pathology establishment, and the uncharacterized role of the Nrf2 pathway under conditions of combined estrogen deficiency and D-galactose-induced oxidative stress. Addressing these gaps is essential for establishing zinc as a safe, accessible, and clinically relevant neuroprotective strategy for postmenopausal women at elevated Alzheimer's disease risk.
Hantavirus : Ancaman Zoonosis sebagai penyebab penyakit Infeksi Emerging Husnun Amalia; Gladys Kusumowidagdo; Wawan Kurniawan
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2026.v9.117-120

Abstract

Hantavirus is a zoonotic virus belonging to the genus Orthohantavirus which causes emerging infectious diseases with high levels of morbidity and mortality. This virus is transmitted primarily through exposure to aerosols containing urine, feces, or saliva of infected rodents. Climate change, urbanization, changes in land use, and increasing interactions between humans and reservoirs contribute to the increasing risk of hantavirus transmission in various regions, including Indonesia. Hantaviruses are divided into Old World hantaviruses which cause Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) and New World hantaviruses which cause Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS). Clinical manifestations vary from acute fever to renal or respiratory failure with a fatality rate that can reach 30–50% in HCPS. Diagnosis is made through a combination of history, clinical manifestations, serological examination, and molecular detection using RT-PCR. Until now, there is no specific antiviral or vaccine available that is widely used, so management still focuses on supportive therapy. In Indonesia, hantavirus infections are thought to still be underdiagnosed and underreported, even though serological and molecular evidence shows the circulation of the virus in humans and rodents. Hantavirus is an emerging zoonotic disease that has the potential to become a threat to public health. Increasing clinical awareness, strengthening surveillance, early detection, rodent control, and implementing the One Health approach are important strategies to reduce the risk of disease transmission and impact, especially in developing countries like Indonesia.
Hubungan Interleukin-6 dan Malondialdehyde terhadap Skor Kerusakan Multiorgan pada Sepsis Tikus Jantan Induksi Escherichia coli Muhammad Adnan; Nor Hilyati; Iin Novita Nurhidayati Mahmuda; Roro Flaviana Bayu Adistyani; Olivia Bunga Putri; Denny Bimatama Pradita
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2026.v9.151-161

Abstract

Background Sepsis remains a leading cause of intensive-care mortality, primarily through multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) driven by overlapping pro-inflammatory and oxidative-stress pathways. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and malondialdehyde (MDA) represent these two pathways, yet few studies have correlated both biomarkers with histopathological damage across five vital organs simultaneously. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the association of serum IL-6 and MDA levels with multiorgan tissue-damage scores in an Escherichia coli-induced rat sepsis model. Methods This true-experimental, post-test-only control group study used nine male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) allocated to three groups (n=3 each): an uninduced control and two groups given intraperitoneal Escherichia coli at 1 × 10⁶ and 1.5 × 10⁶ CFU/kgBW. Serum IL-6 (ELISA) and MDA (TBARS) levels, alongside semi-quantitative histopathology scores of five organs (liver, spleen, heart, kidney, and lung), were assessed 72 hours post-induction. Associations were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. Results IL-6 correlated significantly with damage scores of the liver (r=0.828; p=0.006), spleen (r=0.887; p=0.001), heart (r=0.917; p<0.001), total lung score (r=0.874; p=0.002), and kidney (r=0.678; p=0.045), but not with alveolar dilatation (r=0.390; p=0.300). MDA correlated very strongly with the liver (r=0.931), spleen (r=0.965), heart (r=0.952), and total lung score (r=0.952; all p<0.001), but not significantly with the kidney (r=0.574; p=0.106). Furthermore, IL-6 and MDA were strongly inter-correlated (r=0.879; p=0.002). Conclusions In this Escherichia coli-induced rat sepsis model, serum IL-6 and MDA were both associated with the degree of multiorgan tissue damage and were strongly correlated with each other, a pattern compatible with coupling between inflammatory and oxidative pathways. Renal damage showed the weakest associations of the organs examined, suggesting organ-specific differences that warrant targeted investigation.

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