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Medical and Health Science Journal
Published by Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya
ISSN : 25497588     EISSN : 25497596     DOI : https://doi.org/10.33086/mhsj
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Health Professions Social Sciences
Medical and Health Science (MHSJ) published peer-reviewed original articles research, case report or article review. This journal is published twice (February and August) by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya.
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Articles 192 Documents
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Osteoarthritis Therapy: Which is More Effective, Laser Therapy or a Combination of TENS IR? Aisyah; Vivera Pane, Rita; Yuriske Agnovianto; Tsabitah Husna
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 1 (2025): FEBRUARY : Fragmentation In Modern Healthcare Approaches Amid Rising Chronic And
Publisher : UNUSA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/mhsj.v9i1.6469

Abstract

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of the joints that attacks the joint cartilage and is one of the types of arthritis disease commonly found in older people. Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most common types of arthritis. Some treatments that can be performed are non-pharmacological therapies: Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT), Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and Infra Red (IR). Their function are to reduce the severity of pain and therefore reducing disability in knee joint pain patients. Objective of the study: to compare the effectiveness of non-pharmacological treatment of LLLT and combination of TENS IR in patients with knee osteoarthritis at RSI A Yani Hospital Surabaya. Method and Result: A quantitative approach was applied using a twogroup post-test-only experimental design to analyze the influence of independent treatments on pain reduction. The study was conducted from February to August 2024. Participants were selected through purposive sampling based on predefined criteria. Data normality was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Since the data were not normally distributed, the Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine statistical differences between the two treatment groups. The statistical analysis using the MannWhitney test yielded a p-value of 0.417 (p > 0.05), indicating no significant difference in pain reduction between the LLLT group and the TENS+IR group. Conclusion: The findings suggest that both LLLT and the combined use of TENS and IR are equally effective in managing knee pain in osteoarthritis patients. As neither treatment showed superior outcomes, both can be considered valid non-pharmacological options in OA pain management protocols. Further studies with larger sample sizes and longitudinal assessment are recommended to confirm and expand upon these findings.
Genotypic and Phenotypic Identification of Dermatophytes among Clinical Isolates Datt, Shyama; Datt, Thakur; Singh, Narender Pal
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 1 (2025): FEBRUARY : Fragmentation In Modern Healthcare Approaches Amid Rising Chronic And
Publisher : UNUSA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/mhsj.v9i1.6653

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of superficial fungal infections varies basedon environmental and hygienic conditions. Dermatophytes, particularlyTrichophyton rubrum and T. mentagrophytes, are keratinophilic fungiresponsible for the majority of these infections. Their ability to produceproteases and keratinases active at acidic pH facilitates colonization ofhuman skin. This is a fundamental mechanism observed in Trichophytonrubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes in establishing superficialinfection.Methods: A total of 200 clinical samples from patients with suspecteddermatophytosis were examined using potassium hydroxide (KOH) mountand culture techniques. Culture-positive isolates were further identifiedthrough conventional mycology and molecular methods, including PCR andsequencing using species-specific ITS2 primers for T. rubrum and T.mentagrophytes. Clinical profiles, treatment history, and recurrence patternswere also analyzed.Results: Among 200 KOH-positive samples, 140 yielded culture-positiveresults, of which 60 isolates were identified as dermatophytes. Molecularidentification confirmed 20 isolates as T. rubrum and 40 as T.mentagrophytes. Clinically, 43.34% of cases were naïve infections, 50%had ongoing antifungal treatment for 1–2 years (recalcitrant cases), and6.66% were categorized as reinfections due to recurrence of lesions posttherapy. The mean patient age was 30.02 ± 10.95 years, with a male-tofemale ratio of 2:1.Conclusion: Trichophyton mentagrophytes was more prevalent than T.rubrum among dermatophyte-positive cases. The high rate of recalcitrantand recurrent infections highlights the need for accurate species-leveldiagnosis using molecular tools to guide effective antifungal managementstrategies.
Antibacterial Activity Test of Green Betel Leaf Extract (Piper betle L.) Against Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus Manaf, Syifa Az Zahrah; Wiqoyah, Nurul; Setiawati, Yuani
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 1 (2025): FEBRUARY : Fragmentation In Modern Healthcare Approaches Amid Rising Chronic And
Publisher : UNUSA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/mhsj.v9i1.6521

Abstract

Background: Asia is one of the regions with the highest prevalence rates of Staphylococcus aureus infection. Green betel leaves (Piper betle L.) have been proven to have antibacterial potential with their active compound content, namely essential oils, phenols, chavicol, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and steroids so it is necessary to investigate whether betel leaf extract has an effect on Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of green betel leaf extract on the growth of MSSA.  Methods: This research is a descriptive experimental study regarding the antibacterial activity test of green betel leaf extract against MSSA. The MSSA bacteria used were bacterial preparations in the Microbiology Laboratory of Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University. Green betel leaf extract was obtained from Batu City in 2023. The antibacterial activity test technique used was the dilution test. Results: In the dilution test, for the growth of MSSA, in tubes with concentrations of 800 mg/mL, 600 mg/mL, 400 mg/mL, 200 mg/mL, and 100 mg/mL appear clear indicates that there is no growth of germs. At a concentration of 50 mg/mL it appears cloudy which indicates the growth of germs. The results obtained for the growth of MSSA on agar plates were at concentrations of 800 mg/mL, 600 mg/mL, 400 mg/mL, and 200 mg/mL, there was no growth of germs. Meanwhile, at concentrations of 100 mg/mL and 50 mg/mL, the growth of MSSA germs was found Conclusions: The conclusion of this research is that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of green betel leaf extract against MSSA is 100 mg/mL and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of green betel leaf extract against MSSA is 200 mg/mL. Further research is needed on the antibacterial activity of green betel leaf extract against other bacterial species that are resistant to many drugs.
Evaluation of the Tuberculosis Surveillance System in Depok, West Java Aulia, Fitri; Helda; Nuh Ghazali Djadjuli, Hidayat
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 1 (2025): FEBRUARY : Fragmentation In Modern Healthcare Approaches Amid Rising Chronic And
Publisher : UNUSA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/mhsj.v9i1.6968

Abstract

Depok is one of the cities with a high number of TB cases in West Java. The implementation of TB surveillance in Depok revealed challenges in meeting TB control indicators. Evaluating the surveillance system is essential to assess the quality of the existing system and identify barriers in TB surveillance implementation. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate TB surveillance system in Depok based on its components and attributes. This study was an assessment that describes the implementation of the TB surveillance system using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. It highlighted the systemic challenges that hindered effective TB control, such as inadequate knowledge of legal aspects, insufficient private-sector engagement, lack ability of data analysis and interpretation, the high percentage of TB officers who had not received the training was partly due to staff turnover, complex data collection, and low utilization of surveillance data for decision-making. To enhance the effectiveness of TB control efforts, this study recommends targeted training for healthcare workers, sufficient budget allocations, and simplified data management systems.
The Effectiveness of Red Piper Crocatum as a Natural Antiseptic in Reducing Fluor Albus Symptoms in Women of Reproductive Age Wulandari, Endah Sri; Angesti, Herlina Puji
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 1 (2025): FEBRUARY : Fragmentation In Modern Healthcare Approaches Amid Rising Chronic And
Publisher : UNUSA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/mhsj.v9i1.7356

Abstract

One of the most common reproductive health issues experienced by women is Fluor Albus (vaginal discharge). In general, women with fluor albus produce excessive mucus accompanied by an unpleasant odor. This study aims to analyze the effect of boiled Red Piper crocatum as a natural antiseptic on the reduction of Fluor Albus symptoms in women of reproductive age in Sidodadi Village, Sukosewu Subdistrict, Bojonegoro Regency. This research employed a pre-experimental design method, utilizing a one-group pre-test and post-test approach. The population consisted of 32 respondents, all of whom were included in the sample using a total sampling technique. Data were analyzed using a paired t-test. The results showed a p-value of 0.000, indicating that p < 0.05, and therefore, the alternative hypothesis (H₁) was accepted. This means that boiled Piper Crocatum significantly reduces Fluor Albus symptoms in women of reproductive age in Sidodadi Village, Sukosewu Subdistrict, Bojonegoro Regency. Conclution of this study Maintaining the normal flora of the vagina can be supported by using boiled Red Piper Crocatum water to reduce pathological vaginal discharge symptoms, due to its clinically proven active compounds.
Trends in hemodialysis-related search interest in Indonesia: a decade Google Trends analysis Iryawati, Dinda; Efiyanti, Christy; Yurianingsih; Fadlurrahman Zuhair, Chandra; Manggala Putra, Mochamad; Wahyu Aryanto, Nur Jaelani; Nurlaela, Desi
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 1 (2025): FEBRUARY : Fragmentation In Modern Healthcare Approaches Amid Rising Chronic And
Publisher : UNUSA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/mhsj.v9i1.7952

Abstract

Background: Despite the rising burden of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and the rapid expansion of hemodialysis services, there is limited research exploring how Indonesians seek information about this topic online. Understanding digital health-seeking behavior is crucial for improving public education and access to care. Methods: This study analyzes public interest in hemodialysis in Indonesia over a decade (2014–2024) using Google Trends data. Several hemodialysis-related keywords were examined, including both lay and clinical terms. Search trends were evaluated over time and across provinces, and related search queries were also assessed. Results: The results show a steady increase in search volume for hemodialysis-related terms, with “cuci darah” consistently dominating over clinical terms such as “hemodialisa,” “hemodialisis,” and “hemodialysis.” Regional analysis reveals higher relative search interest in certain provinces, indicating potential geographic disparities in awareness or access to services. Common related search queries, such as “hemodialisa adalah” and “gagal ginjal,” reflect both curiosity about the procedure and broader concerns about kidney health. Conclusion: These findings suggest that online health-seeking behavior in Indonesia is growing, but also highlight gaps in public knowledge. Monitoring digital interest through platforms like Google Trends may serve as a valuable tool to guide targeted public education, optimize kidney health communication strategies, and inform more responsive service planning. Given the persistent public preference for lay terminology, future health campaigns should consider integrating colloquial language such as "cuci darah" to increase resonance and reach. Seasonal spikes in online interest also offer opportunities to strategically time educational initiatives for greater impact.
The Role Of Mitragyna speciosa (Korth) As An Anti-Inflammatory Agent In Wound Healing In Living Cells Ferdinan Hanafi, Eka Satria Akbar; Pramesti, Rosandhy Alfiyah; Jazuli, Muhammad Aqil Siroj; Rihhadatulays, Khuzaimah Nur Juhanifah; Salim, Hotimah Masdan; Savitri, Ardyarini Dyah
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 1 (2025): FEBRUARY : Fragmentation In Modern Healthcare Approaches Amid Rising Chronic And
Publisher : UNUSA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/mhsj.v9i1.7994

Abstract

Background: Wound is a condition in which the integrity of body tissue is disrupted, leading to the activation of a complex biological process known as wound healing. This process aims to restore the protective skin barrier, prevent infection, and minimize fluid loss. It involves sequential phases of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. While inflammation is essential for initiating repair, prolonged or excessive inflammation may delay the healing process. Mitragyna speciosa (Korth) is a medicinal plant traditionally used in various cultures and has been reported to exhibit multiple pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, analgesic, and wound-healing activities. Methods: The present systematic review was conducted to identify and synthesize scientific evidence regarding the potential of Mitragyna speciosa extract as a therapeutic agent in wound healing through anti-inflammatory and other biological pathways. Literature searches were performed in ScienceDirect, PubMed, MDPI, DOAJ, and Google Scholar following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results :A total of 1,176 studies were screened, and five experimental studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The findings consistently demonstrated that Mitragyna speciosa extract suppressed pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and enzymatic pathways including cyclooxygenase-2 and 5-lipoxygenase. In addition, the extract stimulated cell migration, endothelial migration, and angiogenesis, thereby supporting tissue regeneration. Toxicity profiles suggest that the extract is safe at effective concentrations, although responses remain dose-dependent. Conclusions: Overall, Mitragyna speciosa shows promise as a plant-based therapeutic option for wound healing. Nevertheless, current evidence is limited and largely derived from in vitro studies, indicating the need for more extensive in vivo and clinical investigations.
Histopathological Analysis of Endometrial Biopsies in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding: A Cross-Sectional Study Across Age Groups. Rangappan, Ashwini; Roopa A N; Sharmila P S
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 2 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : UNUSA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/mhsj.v9i2.7619

Abstract

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common gynecological complaint among women of reproductive and perimenopausal age, often indicating a wide range of underlying endometrial pathologies. Histopathological examination of endometrial tissue remains the gold standard for determining its etiology and guiding management. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the histopathological patterns of endometrial biopsies in patients presenting with AUB and to correlate these findings with different age groups. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on women presenting with AUB who underwent endometrial biopsy over a defined study period. The specimens were processed and examined microscopically, and histopathological diagnoses were categorized as proliferative, secretory, hyperplastic, atrophic, or neoplastic changes. Data were analyzed according to age distribution and menstrual status. Results: The majority of AUB cases were observed in the perimenopausal group (41–50 years). The most common histopathological finding was proliferative endometrium, followed by secretory and simple hyperplasia without atypia. Endometrial carcinoma and atypical hyperplasia were more frequent in women above 50 years of age. Atrophic and disordered proliferative patterns were also seen in the postmenopausal group. A significant association was found between age and the type of endometrial pathology (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Histopathological evaluation of endometrial biopsies provides critical insights into the etiology of AUB across age groups. Proliferative and hyperplastic changes dominate in perimenopausal women, while malignant lesions are more common in postmenopausal patients. Routine endometrial sampling in AUB cases, particularly among older women, is essential for early detection of premalignant and malignant conditions.
Improving Diabetic Neuropathy Knowledge in an Urban Elderly Population: A Community-Based Intervention Study Ardian, Laurentius Johan; Santoso, Aktaruddin Arief; Fahma, Hilmia; Gusyono, Anoraga Mona Cinta Gadis Cantika; Verbimanto, Satria Fudi
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 2 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : UNUSA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/mhsj.v9i2.7974

Abstract

Background: The global population is aging rapidly, with older adults increasingly affected by chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus. In Indonesia, diabetes among the elderly poses a significant public health concern, often complicated by under-recognized conditions like diabetic neuropathy. Aim: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a community-based intervention focused on targeted health education on diabetic neuropathy among elderly residents in urban area. Methods: A pre- and post-test design was used to assess the intervention's effectiveness. In collaboration with local health cadres and facilities, participants completed identical questionnaires on diabetic neuropathy before and after the health education session to measure improvements in knowledge. Results: A total of 143 elderly participants (median age: 65 years) were enrolled, with 73.4% being female. Post-education test scores showed a statistically significant improvement compared to pre-test scores (p<0.001p<0.001, Wilcoxon test). Of the participants, 22.4% were newly identified as having diabetes, and another 22% fell into the prediabetes range. Despite some variations in learning outcomes, 84.6% showed improved scores, indicating high effectiveness of the health education session. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that a community-based approach combining early diabetes screening and health education significantly improves elderly participants' knowledge about diabetes and diabetic neuropathy.
Effects of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Hydrogel Application on Pancreatic Histopathology in Type 2 Diabetic Mice Muhammad Aqil Siroj Jazuli; Ismail, Zainul Hadi Wildan; Rihhadatulays, Khuzaimah Nur Juhanifah; Hanafi, Eka Satria Akbar Ferdinan; Jinan, Puspita Rahmatul; Pramesti, Rosandhy Alifyah; Salim, Hotimah Masdan; Bintarti, Tri Wahyuni
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 2 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : UNUSA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/mhsj.v9i2.8018

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose caused by insulin resistance and impaired insulin production by pancreatic β-cells due to oxidative stress. Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) has been widely investigated for its antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, attributed to its alkaloid, flavonoid, phenolic, and saponin contents. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of topical kratom hydrogel as an innovative approach to improving pancreatic histology in type 2 diabetic mice, which has not been previously reported. Methods: Fifteen mice were divided into three groups: untreated diabetic group (DM), diabetic group treated with 5% kratom hydrogel (K5), and diabetic group treated with 15% kratom hydrogel (K15). Treatments were administered for two weeks. Parameters assessed included the percentage of healthy β-cells and acinar cells, as well as histological scoring of islet damage. Data were analyzed using parametric or non-parametric tests according to the normality distribution of each parameter. Results: Administration of 5% kratom hydrogel significantly increased the percentage of healthy β-cells (p<0.05) compared with 15% kratom hydrogel, which unexpectedly showed a lower proportion of healthy cells than the untreated group. Interestingly, the higher dose appeared to exert more toxic effects, whereas the lower dose provided better protective effects. No significant differences were observed in acinar cell parameters or islet damage scores, possibly due to the limited sample size. Conclusion: These findings provide preliminary evidence supporting the systemic therapeutic potential of topical kratom hydrogel, particularly in determining the effective dose and the need for larger sample sizes to obtain more consistent outcomes.

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