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University Of Bengkulu Law Journal
Published by Universitas Bengkulu
ISSN : 25411926     EISSN : 25287656     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
UBELAJ (University of Bengkulu Law Journal) aims to provide a venue for academicians, researchers and practitioners for publishing the original research articles or review articles. The scope of the articles published in this journal deal with a broad range of topics in the fields of Criminal Law, Civil Law, Constitutional Law, International Law, Administrative Law, Islamic Law, Medical Law, Environmental Law and another section related contemporary issues in law. UBELAJ publish twice in a year, April and October.
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Articles 119 Documents
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Konstruksi Hukum Kewenangan Desa Konstruksi Hukum Kewenangan Desa dalam Pembentukan Peraturan Desa: Analisis Yuridis atas Implementasi Otonomi Desa Berdasarkan UU Nomor 6 Tahun 2014: Hirarki Peraturan Perundang-undangan; Kepastian Hukum Ridho Kurniawan; Hafizah, Desi; M Yamani; Haptoro, Dyanzah Aji; Utami, Zahra
University Of Bengkulu Law Journal Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): October
Publisher : UNIB Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33369/ubelaj.v10i2.45450

Abstract

This article analyzes the legal construction of village authority in the formation of Village Regulations (Peraturan Desa/Perdes) within the framework of Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. Using a normative juridical method with a descriptive qualitative approach, the study examines the principles of recognition and subsidiarity as the foundation of village autonomy, as well as the legal position of Perdes in Indonesia’s regulatory hierarchy. The findings show that although Perdes serves as a crucial instrument for implementing village autonomy and is legally acknowledged under Article 8 paragraph (2) of Law Number 12 of 2011, its formation frequently encounters challenges, including limited legislative capacity of village apparatus and disharmony with higher-level regulations. Several cases indicate procedural defects, contradictions with regional and national laws, and issues of authority overreach. These problems highlight the need for continuous legal guidance, improved legislative skills at the village level, and stronger harmonization mechanisms to ensure legal certainty and effective local governance. Strengthening the normative position and regulatory quality of Perdes is essential for realizing democratic, accountable, and autonomous village governance within Indonesia’s legal system.
Sengketa Empat Pulau Aceh-Sumut: Analisis Yuridis Dan Historis Atas Kebijakan Kemendagri 2025 Tanjung, Rasyid
University Of Bengkulu Law Journal Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): October
Publisher : UNIB Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33369/ubelaj.v10i2.46003

Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis secara komprehensif sengketa alih kepemilikan empat pulau di wilayah Aceh yakni Pulau Panjang, Lipan, Mangkir Gadang, dan Mangkir Ketek  ke dalam administrasi Sumatera Utara berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 300.2.2-2138 Tahun 2025. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan historis, studi ini mengkaji tiga pilar utama legitimasi hukum: (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 1956 tentang Pembentukan Daerah Otonom Provinsi Aceh, (2) Surat Kepemilikan Tanah tahun 1965 yang diterbitkan oleh Pemerintah Daerah Istimewa Aceh, dan (3) Nota Kesepahaman Helsinki 2005. Tujuan dari artikel ini untuk melihat status hukum sengketa kepemilikan 4 pulau dan Keputusan Kemendagri dalam pespektif hukum dan Sejarah. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga instrumen hukum tersebut membentuk rantai bukti yang kuat dan saling melengkapi dalam menegaskan kedaulatan Aceh atas keempat pulau tersebut. Analisis terhadap dokumen-dokumen historis mengungkapkan adanya kontinuitas penguasaan dan pengelolaan wilayah oleh Aceh sejak era kolonial hingga pasca kemerdekaan. Kebijakan Kemendagri yang hanya mendasarkan pada pertimbangan geografis semata dinilai mengandung kelemahan yuridis karena mengabaikan prinsip lex specialis derogat legi generali, dimana UU No. 24/1956 sebagai hukum khusus harus didahulukan atas keputusan administratif. Penelitian ini juga melakukan studi komparatif dengan tiga kasus sengketa wilayah internasional (Sipadan-Ligitan, Pulau Dokdo, dan Batu Puteh) untuk mengkonstruksi kerangka analisis yang holistik. Temuan komparatif menunjukkan bahwa prinsip penguasaan efektif (effective occupation) dan bukti administratif yang berkelanjutan menjadi faktor penentu dalam penyelesaian sengketa wilayah. Implikasi kebijakan dari penelitian ini menyoroti potensi destabilisasi otonomi khusus Aceh dan ancaman terhadap konsensus nasional pasca MoU Helsinki jika sengketa ini tidak diselesaikan secara adil dan partisipatif.
SEIZURE AS A COERCIVE MEASURE IN A COMPARISON OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL LAW BETWEEN INDONESIA AND FRANCE: PENYITAAN SEBAGAI TINDAKAN PAKSA DALAM PERBANDINGAN HUKUM ACARA PIDANA ANTARA INDONESIA DAN PRANCIS Aulia, Salwa; Sary, Wevy Efticha
University Of Bengkulu Law Journal Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): October
Publisher : UNIB Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33369/ubelaj.v10i2.46708

Abstract

Seizure is a form of coercive measure in criminal procedure law that inherently restricts constitutional rights, particularly the right to property and protection against arbitrary actions by law enforcement officials. Changes to criminal procedure law regulations in Indonesia through the New Criminal Procedure Code mark a fundamental reform of the investigation mechanism, including regulations on seizure. However, these normative reforms need to be critically examined to assess the extent to which the new regulations are able to guarantee due process of law and prevent abuse of authority. This article aims to analyze the provisions on seizure in the New Indonesian Criminal Procedure Code by comparing them with the seizure system in the French Code de procédure pénale as a representation of an established civil law system. This study uses a normative juridical method with a legislative, conceptual, and comparative legal approach. The results show that the New Criminal Procedure Code has strengthened the normative basis for seizure by confirming the objectives, objects, and procedures for seizure, but still leaves broad discretion to investigators. In contrast, French criminal procedure law places strong judicial control through a mechanism of judicial authorization and procedural guarantees for suspects and third parties. This comparison emphasizes the importance of strengthening judicial oversight and limiting the authority of investigators in the seizure system in Indonesia. This article contributes by formulating normative implications and offering a reconstruction of seizure regulations in the New Criminal Procedure Code that is oriented towards the protection of human rights, legal certainty, and the principle of proportionality in criminal procedure law.
MENELAAH TRANSFORMASI BUDAYA BIROKRASI: MEWUJUDKAN GOOD GOVERNANCE DALAM KERANGKA DESENTRALISASI PEMERINTAHAN Andreas, Ricco; Muthahir, Ardi; Alberto Persada, Muhammad; Muntaqo, Firman
University Of Bengkulu Law Journal Vol. 11 No. 01 (2026): APRIL
Publisher : UNIB Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33369/ubelaj.v11i01.48361

Abstract

Bureaucratic cultural transformation is a crucial prerequisite for realizing good governance in Indonesia. The experience of the New Order era demonstrated that the bureaucracy tended to be militaristic, centralistic, feudal, and less responsive to public needs. This culture shaped the mentality of officials, oriented more toward hierarchical obedience than toward professionalism and public service. Political reform and the implementation of regional autonomy provided a strategic momentum for reconstructing the bureaucracy to be more democratic, participatory, and accountable. This study aims to analyze the challenges of transforming bureaucratic culture toward good governance and identify cultural elements that can be developed as resources for change. The method used is normative legal research with a library study approach, utilizing secondary legal materials in the form of laws, academic literature, and previous research findings. The results show that Indonesian bureaucratic culture is characterized by the coexistence of Weberian rational values ​​such as efficiency, legal certainty, and accountability with traditional values ​​rooted in local socio-cultural configurations, particularly paternalistic and patron-client cultures. While some traditional values ​​are determinants and potentially hinder reform, these values ​​can also be transformed into social capital to support mobilization, social oversight, and service ethics. The main challenge lies in changing the work culture of government officials, which is still oriented towards procedures and power, not fully focused on results and the quality of public service. Therefore, administrative reform needs to be directed at strengthening professionalism, accountability, and internalizing a work culture oriented towards results and public satisfaction. Ultimately, bureaucratic cultural transformation must be able to synergize rational-modern values ​​with local wisdom in a proportional manner to build an effective, responsive, and integrity-based bureaucracy.
STRUCTURAL PARALYSIS OF INTERNAL OVERSIGHT AND THE ABUSE OF ADMINISTRATIVE DISCRETION IN INDONESIA LOCAL GOVERNMENT Pujiyanto, Rohmad; Puspitasari, Deny
University Of Bengkulu Law Journal Vol. 11 No. 01 (2026): APRIL
Publisher : UNIB Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33369/ubelaj.v11i01.48666

Abstract

This study analyzes the pathology of administrative discretion in Indonesian local government, focusing on cases of "job-selling" and procurement maladministration identified in 2026. Despite the legal framework provided by Law No. 30 of 2014, administrative discretion (freies ermessen) remains vulnerable to systemic abuse by regional heads. Using a normative-legal research method with statutory, case, and conceptual approaches, this research examines how the erosion of meritocracy and the manipulation of public contracts occur within a weakened oversight environment. The findings reveal that the internal oversight body (APIP) suffers from structural paralysis due to its jurisdictional subordination to the very authority it is tasked to monitor. This creates a "control vacuum" that allows administrative corruption to persist despite digital governance reforms. This study proposes a radical legal reconstruction by transforming APIP into a vertically independent institution and establishing rigid, objective parameters for administrative discretion through "Administrative Impact Assessments." By strengthening these preventive instruments, the administrative law framework can effectively mitigate bureaucratic capture and restore institutional integrity in local governance.
NormalizaNormalisasi Gratifikasi dalam Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah: Strategi Pencegahan Berbasis Ekosistem Berintegritastion of Gratification in Primary and Secondary Education: An Ecosystem-Based Prevention Strategy with Integrity Andes, Andes Robensyah
University Of Bengkulu Law Journal Vol. 11 No. 01 (2026): APRIL
Publisher : UNIB Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33369/ubelaj.v11i01.48668

Abstract

The normalization of gratification in primary and secondary education in Indonesia indicates that corrupt practices do not always appear in large-scale forms, but often originate from seemingly minor and socially accepted actions, such as giving gifts to teachers, informal levies, and compromises in academic grading. This phenomenon reflects an ambiguity between the culture of gift-giving and gratification that has the potential to create conflicts of interest and weaken the integrity of education. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of gratification normalization as an embryo of a corrupt culture and to formulate ecosystem-based prevention strategies toward integrity-driven education. The research employs a socio-legal approach with a qualitative descriptive-analytical method to understand the relationship between legal norms, culture, and social practices within the education sector. The findings reveal that the normalization of gratification is influenced by cultural rationalization, the socio-economic pressures faced by families, weak governance, and the lack of alignment between legal norms and social norms. Empirical data from the Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi through the Education Integrity Assessment Survey indicate that tolerance toward the practice of giving gifts to educators remains relatively high. This condition has the potential to foster habituation and the reproduction of permissive values toward misconduct from an early age.This study proposes a conceptual model of ecosystem-based prevention involving schools, families, communities, and the government through value transformation, governance reform, social participation, and cross-sector policy integration. This systemic approach is expected to strengthen educational integrity and prevent the sustained reproduction of corrupt cultural practices.
Klasifikasi Yuridis Aset Digital dan Urgensi Reformasi Hukum Benda dalam Sistem Hukum Perdata Indonesia Kurniawati, Husni; Oksavina, Monica Belinda
University Of Bengkulu Law Journal Vol. 11 No. 01 (2026): APRIL
Publisher : UNIB Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33369/ubelaj.v11i01.48670

Abstract

The rapid development of the digital economy has given rise to various forms of digital assets such as cryptocurrencies, Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), and digital tokens, challenging the structure of Indonesian civil law, which is still based on the colonial legacy of the Civil Code. This study aims to examine two main issues: first, the legal status of digital assets in the Indonesian civil law system from the perspective of property law; and second, how the legal regulation of digital assets in the modern legal system in Indonesia. This study uses a normative legal research method with a statute approach and a conceptual approach. Primary legal materials include the Civil Code, the P2SK Law Number 4 of 2023, POJK Number 27 of 2024, and the UNIDROIT Principles on Digital Assets and Private Law (2023). The results show that doctrinally, digital assets can be categorized as intangible objects (onlichamelijke zaken) based on the open construction of Article 499 of the Civil Code, although without explicit normative recognition. Ownership of digital assets is realized through control of private keys, which is functionally equivalent to the concept of possession in the Indonesian Civil Code, while the transfer of rights occurs through a leveraging mechanism based on on-chain transactions. On the regulatory side, there is a serious legal vacuum: existing regulations are sectoral and lack synergy, consumer protection is inadequate, and cross-border jurisdiction issues remain unresolved. This study concludes that Indonesia requires a three-layer legal reform: updating Book II of the Indonesian Civil Code to recognize digital assets as a separate category of objects, drafting a specific integrated digital asset law, and adapting smart contract regulations within the national contract law system, with reference to the European Union's MiCA and the UNIDROIT Principles 2023 as international comparative guidelines.
Anotasi terhadap Kamuflase Keputusan Fiktif Positif dalam Sengketa Tindakan Faktual di Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara Pasaribu, David; Irene Cristna Silalahi
University Of Bengkulu Law Journal Vol. 11 No. 01 (2026): APRIL
Publisher : UNIB Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33369/ubelaj.v11i01.48679

Abstract

The idea of realizing a good and clean regime is currently a mirage. The fictitious positive concept that is expected to provide responsive public services is often not fulfilled by the government. In reality, this problem is perennial and has become a further problem in judicial institutions. Today, the understanding of positive fictitious is believed to be a form of transformation of the object of the case, namely factual actions. The crucial problems are the fundamental differences between factual actions in the form of passive actions and positive fictitious actions in the perspective of administrative law, their respective conceptions, and the reasoning of judges in deciding positive fictitious actions that are camouflaged in factual action cases. The study employs a doctrinal research method utilizing a casuistic-conceptual approach. The results show a wrong interpretation in the form of positive fictitious camouflage in factual action disputes at Peratun. The existence of Peratun serves to clarify the distinction between factual actions and positive fictitious decisions. Factual actions relate to real action (commission) and passive action (omission), while positive fictitious decisions lead to administrative decisions (KTUN). The differences include the basis for filing, process, and completion period. The author also analyzes the ruling on the inclusion of positive fictitious applications in factual action disputes, where the judge plays a role in restoring the true nature of factual actions through the decision.
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Bandar Judi Online Dalam Politik Hukum Pidana Di Indonesia Rahman; Agung Pamungkas; Syawal; M. Syahlan Samosir
University Of Bengkulu Law Journal Vol. 11 No. 01 (2026): APRIL
Publisher : UNIB Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33369/ubelaj.v11i01.48785

Abstract

As a result of technological advances, cyber crime is on the rise, such as the widespread, coordinated, and multinational expansion of online gambling. In practice, online bookies play a role as system controllers, facility providers, and the primary beneficiaries of gambling activities. In terms of Indonesian criminal law policy, this study seeks to assess the trajectory of criminal liability policy for online gambling site operators and to trace the trajectory of criminal law policy since the enactment of the National Criminal Code. Normative legal research utilizing conceptual methods, statutory law, and criminal law policy is the study technique used. The study findings show that the regulation of criminal liability for online bookies remains scattered across various legal instruments, from the Criminal Code, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (ITE), to Undang-Undang No 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code. The current direction of criminal law policy in Indonesia tends to prioritize a repressive approach through criminalization and law enforcement, but is gradually shifting toward a more integrative approach combining preventive, repressive, and rehabilitative aspects. To achieve legal clarity and true justice in criminal prosecution of online gambling bookies, a more modern and flexible approach to criminal law policy-making is needed.

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