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AVERROUS: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh
Published by Universitas Malikussaleh
ISSN : 24775231     EISSN : 25028715     DOI : https://doi.org/10.29103/averrous
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Averrous: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh (Averrous: Malikussaleh Journal of Medicine and Health - Averrous: MJMH*) is a peer-reviewed and open-access journal. Publishes by the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Malikussaleh in collaboration with the Institute for Research and Community Service (LPPM) Universitas Malikussaleh, which focuses on disseminating research findings that cover a wide range of subjects in medicine and health from basic medical and health sciences, applied sciences, and public health research. Original research papers, case studies, reviewed-articles are acceptable. Averrous: MJMH journals are published twice a year May and November. All research articles published in website Averrous: MJMH is free-downloaded according to the open access policy.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 336 Documents
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Investigating the Effects of Combined Pegagan and Snakehead Fish Extracts on BDNF Levels in Rats: Implications for Neuroprotective Therapy Siregar, Sarah Rahmayani; Surura, Hedya Nadhrati; Lubis, Ilfan Adi Putra; Bukhari, Al
AVERROUS: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh Averrous, Volume 11 No.1 Mei 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/averrous.v11i1.21507

Abstract

One of the most common health problems in the elderly is dementia. People living with dementia were found to have smaller hippocampal volumes and low serum BDNF levels. BDNF increases synaptogenesis, and plays a role in neurogenesis.  It is believed that the decrease in BDNF levels can be prevented by the dietary intake of plants, including gotu kola (Centella asiatica) and snakehead fish (Channa striata). Gotu kola contains  terpenoids and flavonoids, while snakehead fish contains arginine and glutathione. This study aims to examine the combination of water extracts of gotu kola and snakehead fish  as neuroprotector agent. This research was truly experimental; experimental animals (n=35) were divided into seven groups, five animals each with the following treatment: K0: normal control; K-: distilled water 10 mg/kgBW/day; P1: snakehead fish extract 300 mg/kgbb/day; P2: gotu kola extract 300 mg/kgbb/day; P3-P5: combination of gotu kola and snakehead fish at doses of 100/300, 300/300 and 600/300 mg/kgbb/day. The extract is given orally once a day along with induction at K-, P1-P5 with D-galactose (150 mg/kgbb/day) subcutaneously for six weeks. Then, BDNF gene expression was examined in brain tissue using the Real-Time PCR method. Data were analyzed using the One Way Anova test. The results of this study showed that the greatest BDNF gene expression was found in P3 (2.8). This study concluded that a neuroprotective effect based on BDNF gene expression was found in the combination of gotu kola and snakehead fish extracts at a dose of 100/300 mg/kg bb/day
Characteristic of Adenocarcinoma Lung Patients With Ros-1 Mutation Among North Sumatra Population Ritonga, Adewita; Soeroso, Noni Novisari; Tarigan, Setia Putra
AVERROUS: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh Averrous, Volume 11 No.1 Mei 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malikussaleh

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Abstract

Lung cancer is expected to be the most frequent cancer by 2020, accounting for over 2 million diagnoses and approximately 1.8 million deaths globally. Lung cancer, the most prevalent cancer, is identified by histopathological characteristics such as ROS-1 mutations, which impact 0.9% to 2.6% of adenocarcinomas worldwide with no data from Indonesia. The aim of this study is to examine the clinical characteristics of patients with ROS-1-mutant adenocarcinomas. A study with a cross-sectional design. Clinical characteristics of patients include their gender, history of smoking, family history of cancer, clinical stage, and the histological grading of their adenocarcinoma in hospitals. ROS-1 using RT-PCR in conjunction with paraffin blocks. A total of 90 adenocarcinoma patients were included in the study. The majority of patients were male (66.7%), aged 41–60 years (55.6%), former smokers (67.8%), and had no family history of cancer (97.8%). The highest malignancy level was at stage IVA (82.2%), with poorly differentiated histopathological grading being the most common (53.3%). The detection of ROS-1 fusion in 2% of patients emphasizes the need for molecular analysis in assessing individual genetic risk. ROS-1 fusion detection was obtained in 2% of female patients who were younger (average age 50 years) and never smoked. Only 2% of patients in the North Sumatra region met the criteria for ROS-1 fusion, including being female, being younger than the average patient age of 50, and not smoking.
Characteristics of Diabetes Mellitus with Diabetic Neuropathy at Cut Meutia Hospital Khairunnisa, Khairunnisa; Maulina, Nora; Ramadhansyah, Fitriana
AVERROUS: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh Averrous, Volume 11 No.1 Mei 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malikussaleh

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Abstract

Diabetic neuropathy is a complication in the form of nerve damage that often occurs in patients with diabetes mellitus, which is 50% of sufferers. Nerve complications can cause a decrease in quality of life and other complications. This study aims to determine the characteristics of nerve damage that occurs in diabetes mellitus patients at Cut Meutia Hospital. The type of research used in this study was a non-experimental quantitative descriptive study taken through medical records and patient status from 43 people. Respondents were selected using a total sampling technique. Analysis of data was performed by univariate analysis. The results showed that the most age who experienced DM neuropathy was the middle age category, 46-59 years old and there were 20 people (46.51%). The gender that experienced DM neuropathy most in this study was male with 22 people (51.16%). Peripheral neuropathy is the most common type of neuropathy in this study which was experienced by 24 people (55.81%).
The Effect of Sunkist Orange (Citrus Sinensis (L.) Osbeck) Granule Extract on Ovarian Follicle Histomorphology in Female Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) with Obesity Mutia, Maya Sari; Faridahanum, Faridahanum; Silitonga, Impola Dinita Felicia; Ramadhini, Amelya Putri; Sari, Ajeng Mestika; Lubis, Yolanda Eliza Putri; Sihotang, Widya Yanti
AVERROUS: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh Averrous, Volume 11 No.1 Mei 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malikussaleh

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Abstract

Obesity is a medical condition in which a person experiences abnormal fat accumulation that exceeds normal limits, which can have a negative impact on health. Obesity sufferers are increasing, especially in developed and developing countries. The prevalence of obesity is estimated to be 42% in 2030. Risk factors that can cause obesity include unhealthy lifestyles and lack of physical activity. When there is excess fat accumulation in the body, there will be an increase in leptin levels in the body resulting in oxidative stress that triggers the emergence of free radicals that can inhibit the growth of follicles in the ovaries. To neutralize free radicals in the body, antioxidants are needed. One type of fruit that is rich in antioxidants is sunkist oranges (Citrus sinensis (L) Osbeck), this study discusses the effect of giving sunkist orange granule extract (Citrus sinensis (L) Osbeck) on the morphology of ovarian follicles in obese female wistar rats (Ratus norvegicus). Using a laboratory experimental research design with a post-test only control group design, using 25 female rats divided into 5 groups, namely the Negative Control Group, the Positive Control Group (Alloxan and High Fat), and the Treatment Group given alloxan and Sunkist orange granule extract at a dose of 50 mg / kgBW / day, 100 mg / kgBW / day, 150 mg / kgBW / day. Results: Sunkist Orange Granule Extract (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) has a significant effect on the histomorphology of ovarian follicles with obesity induction in female rats (Rattus norvegicus).
The Effect of Sunkist Orange (Citrus Sinensis (L.) Osbeck) Peel Granule Extract on Testicular Histophatology in Male Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) with Obesity Mutia, Maya Sari; Br Sitepu, Rachel Maria Cruz Jovanca; Putri, Shafyra Mahdyah; Gurusinga, Fransisco Bastanta; Lubis, Yolanda Eliza Putri
AVERROUS: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh Averrous, Volume 11 No.1 Mei 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malikussaleh

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Abstract

Obesity is a body condition where there is excessive weight gain due to an imbalance between calories consumed and energy expended so that calories accumulate in fat tissue. In Indonesia, there are 14.8% of the population aged > 18 years who are obese. The basic principle of obesity is that there is an imbalance between three aspects, namely food intake (intake), energy expenditure (output), and energy storage. The result of the imbalance in energy intake and output, where energy intake is greater than energy expenditure, will cause the accumulation of fat tissue in the body and will be stored as energy reserves. Obesity is a predisposing factor for various health problems. One of them is the quality of a person's reproduction which results in infertility. To find out that the extract of sunkist orange peel granules can affect the histopathology of testis in male mice with obesity, this study used an in vivo laboratory experimental method with a research design of Post Test Only Control Group Design. In this study, there were 25 male rats divided into 5 groups, with a negative control group (normal rats without treatment), a positive control group (rats induced with high-fat feed), a treatment group of rats induced with high-fat feed with Sunkist orange peel extract granules (Citrus Sinensis (L.) Osbeck) at a dose of 50 mg/KgBW, 100 mg/KgBW, and 150 mg/KgBW. Conclusion: Sunkist orange peel granule extract (Citrus Sinensis (L.) Osbeck) had an effect on blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, and body weight, but did not show a significant effect on the histopathological results of the testes in male rats.
The Fragmented Landscape of Stroke Epidemiology in Indonesia Ikhsan, Maulana; Wahyuni, Hendra
AVERROUS: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh Averrous, Volume 11 No.1 Mei 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malikussaleh

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Abstract

Indonesia encounters substantial obstacles in stroke surveillance, as indicated by Riskesdas, BPJS, and hospital registries. The disconnected and inconsistent data that is gathered from these sources is the root cause of these challenges. When there are inconsistencies in case definitions, reporting, and geographical biases, it is challenging to conduct an accurate burden assessment and develop appropriate policies. The analysis of stroke epidemiology data from 2007 to 2023 in this study reveals significant deficiencies. These deficiencies encompass discrepancies in diagnostic accessibility, underrepresentation in hospital registries, and methodological inconsistencies in national surveys. One of the recommendations is the integration of a National Stroke Registry with BPJS to facilitate real-time data transmission. Additionally, the standardization of reporting through the application of WHO standards and ICD-11 classification, as well as the enhancement of rural documentation through the application of professional development and digital technologies, are additional recommendations. The resolution of these issues would enhance the precision of data, facilitate the application of evidence-based decision-making, and enhance the equity of stroke care in all of Indonesia's numerous regions.
Correlation of Leukocyte and Lymphocyte Counts With Positive Tubex Scores in Pediatric Typhoid Fever Patients Galuh Hutami Kuncahyono; Eka Airlangga
AVERROUS: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh Averrous, Volume 11 No.2 November 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/averrous.v11i2.24788

Abstract

Typhoid fever or enteric fever is a systemic infectious disease caused by Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi, which remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. A large proportion of typhoid fever cases occur in patients aged ≤19 years. Bacterial endotoxins may alter hematological parameters such as leukocyte and lymphocyte counts, while hematological and Tubex examinations facilitate rapid diagnosis. This study aimed to determine the correlation between leukocyte and lymphocyte counts with Tubex positive scores in pediatric typhoid fever patients. An observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design and retrospective approach was conducted using medical records of pediatric typhoid fever patients at RSU Haji Medan. The majority of patients were aged ≥5 years (80.5%), male (53%), with a length of stay <7 days (92.7%), and a Tubex positive score (≥+6) (65.9%). Among patients aged <5 years, most had normal leukocyte counts (51.6%) and lymphocytosis (41.9%), while in patients aged ≥5 years, most had normal leukocyte counts (63.9%) and lymphocytopenia (46.6%). Bivariate analysis showed no significant correlation between leukocyte counts and Tubex positive scores in both <5 years (p=0.257) and ≥5 years (p=0.422) groups. However, a significant correlation was found between lymphocyte counts and Tubex positive scores in patients aged ≥5 years (p=0.009). In conclusion, lymphocyte counts are significantly correlated with Tubex positive scores in pediatric typhoid fever patients aged ≥5 years, suggesting their potential role as supportive diagnostic parameters.
Relationship Between CRB-65 Score and Mortality in Pneumonia Patient at RSUD Dr. H. Chasan Boesorie Ternate S Arahman, Rohid; Handoko, Dwi; Nur Upik En Masrika
AVERROUS: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh Averrous, Volume 11 No.2 November 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/averrous.v11i2.24884

Abstract

Pneumonia is a serious form of acute lower airway infection in the lung parenchyma that has the potential to cause high morbidity and mortality. The substantial number of cases and visits emergency units and hospital admissions due to pneumonia makes the CRB-65 Score important in assessing the severity of pneumonia to reduce the risk of mortality. The purpose of this research is to find out knowing the relationship between CRB-65 score and mortality in pneumonia patients at RSUD Dr. Chasan Boesorie Ternate. This type of research is was a quantitative study using an analytical observational research with a cross sectional approach using fisher's exact test. The sample amounted to 70 samples taken using medical record data with total sampling technique. The characteristics of pneumonia patients out of 70 samples, 72.9% were <65 years old, 52.9% were male, 57.1% with mild score (score 0) as many as 40 patients, 62% of patients' mortality was alive. Based on bivariate analysis, the p-value = 0.001 (p<0.05). There is an association between CRB-65 score and mortality in pneumonia patients at RSUD Dr. H. Chasan Boesoirie Ternate.
Comparative In Vitro Study of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) Extract and Ciprofloxacin on the Inhibition of Escherichia coli Growth Causing Urinary Tract Infection Milala, Alvin Nugraha S.; Nasution, Sri Wahyuni; Rusip, Gusbakti
AVERROUS: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh Averrous, Volume 11 No.2 November 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/averrous.v11i2.25114

Abstract

Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) contains various bioactive compounds, primarily cinnamaldehyde and eugenol, which are known for their antibacterial properties. The increasing resistance of Escherichia coli to conventional antibiotics highlights the need for developing effective natural alternatives with antimicrobial potential.This study aimed to determine the antibacterial effectiveness of cinnamon extract compared to ciprofloxacin in inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli.This research was an experimental laboratory study using the disc diffusion method to measure antibacterial activity.The results showed that cinnamon extract was capable of inhibiting Escherichia coli growth, with mean inhibition zone diameters of 11.84 mm at 25%, 13.94 mm at 50%, 17.52 mm at 75%, and 15.79 mm at 100% concentrations. In comparison, ciprofloxacin produced an inhibition zone of 18.37 mm, aquadest showed no inhibitory effect.Cinnamon extract demonstrated antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, with the highest effectiveness observed at a concentration of 75%, although its inhibitory power remained lower than that of ciprofloxacin.
The Relation Between Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI) and Allergic Rhinitis with Acute Otitis Media in THT-KL Polyclinic RSUDZA Banda Aceh Azzahra, Irchi Amanda; Kurnia, Benny; Alia, Dina; Husnah; Nurjannah
AVERROUS: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh Averrous, Volume 11 No.2 November 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/averrous.v11i2.25369

Abstract

Acute otitis media (AOM) is an inflammation of part or all of the middle ear mucosa, including the eustachian tube, mastoid antrum, and mastoid cells, occurring within less than three weeks, accompanied by local symptoms such as fever, pain, reduced hearing, and discharge. Several diseases that are risk factors for AOM include a history of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) and allergic rhinitis. This study aims to determine the relationship between URTI and allergic rhinitis with AOM at the ENT-KL Polyclinic of RSUDZA Banda Aceh from January 2022 to December 2023. This observational analytical research employs a cross-sectional design. The study utilized medical record data with total sampling techniques, resulting in a sample size of 2.178 people. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. The results indicated that 227 people (10,4%) experienced AOM, 448 people (20,6%) had URTI and 225 people (10,3%) had allergic rhinitis. The age characteristics of patients with the most ear disorders was 55-64 years, namely 409 people (18.8%), and the dominant gender was female, namely 1175 people (32.9%). The Chi-square test results for URTI and AOM showed a p-value of 0.033 (PR=1.35, 95% CI 1.02-1.79), indicating that there is a relationship between URTI and AOM. Similarly, the Chi-results for allergic rhinitis with AOM yielded a p-value of <0.001 (PR=2.26, 95% CI 1.69-3.02), suggesting a relationship between allergic rhinitis and AOM. It can be concluded that patients with URTI are approximately 1,35 times more likely to suffer from AOM, while patients with allergic rhinitis are about 2,26 times more likely to develop AOM.

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