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Arif Rahman Hikam
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BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27148564     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
Jurnal BioEksakta menerbitkan artikel ilmiah hasil penelitian dalam bidang biologi umum termasuk Ekologi dan konservasi, Taksonomi dan Struktur, Biogeografi, Evolusi, Biodeversitas, Fisiologi dan Reproduksi, Biologi sel, Biologi Molekuler dan Genetika.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 401 Documents
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Dampak Pemanasan Global terhadap Fenologi Tanaman Kecipir (Psopocarpus tetragonolobus) dan Hubungannya dengan Serangga Pollinator Rahayuningtyas, Yuni Rokhdita; Eming Sudiana, Eming; Proklamasiningsih, Elly
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3171

Abstract

Global warming or often referred to as global warming is a form of imbalance of ecosystems on earth due to the process of increasing the average temperature of the atmosphere, sea, and land on earth. The impact of global warming can make agricultural plants flower faster while pollinating insects are not ready so that the reproductive cycle is disrupted. Studying temperature changes as a result of global warming on an organism can be represented by an altitude gradient. The study aims to determine the effect of temperature changes on the phenology of winged bean plants (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) which is described by the gradient of altitude and to determine the diversity of pollinator insects. The independent variable in this study is the difference in the gradient in elevation of the place, while the dependent variable is the phenology of the development of winged bean flowers and pollinator insects. The results of the study of abiotic factors showed that air temperature and sunlight intensity decreased in line with the increase in altitude from the surface of the seawater, while the humidity increased. The phenological analysis of winged bean plants showed the influence of altitude on plant height, number of leaves and branches, time of the first appearance, number of flowers and flower size as well as the diversity of pollinator insects.
Prevalensi dan Variasi Morfometrik Trichodina sp. pada Benih Ikan Gurami (Osphronemus gouramy Lac.) di Desa Rajapolah Tasikmalaya Mukholladun, Wildan; Rokhmani, Rokhmani; Riwidiharso, Edy
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3220

Abstract

Gurami (Osphronemusgouramy Lac.) Is a type of freshwater fish that is widely cultivated by the people of Indonesia. The high price of gouramy is a measure of consumption and the meat is tender and tasty. In Tasikmalaya, carp farmers in the cultivation of gouramy seeds are still experiencing problems. Gouramy seeds raised to adult size experience high mortality due to ectoparasites. One of the ectoparasites was Trichodina sp. Research has been conducted aimed at 1. Knowing the prevalence of gouramy seeds that were attacked by Trichodina sp. obtained from fish farmers in the village of Rajapolah, Tasikmalaya Regency and 2. Knowing the morphometric variations of Trichodina sp. found in gouramy seeds obtained from fish farmers in Rajapolah Village, Tasikmalaya Regency. The method used in this study is a survey method. Seed gourami aged 2 weeks is use as a sample. Isolation and identification were carried out by making a range preparation and painting using a 2% AgNO3 solution. The results found that the prevalence of 88% or high, while the results of the examination of morphometric variations found 4 species of trichodina sp. namely T. Pediculus, T. Nigra, T.heterodentata, and T. Acuta.Keywords:Trichodina sp., Gourami, morphometric variations, abundance, Rajapolah
Pengaruh Penambahan Prebiotik Inulin dan Fruktooligosakarida (FOS) terhadap Pertumbuhan Probiotik Bifidobacterium sp. Bb2E Isnasari, Azma Nurizqi; Kusharyati, Dyah Fitri; Oedjijono, Oedjijono
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3385

Abstract

Human health is very closely related to the condition of the human digestive tract since the beginning of life. The diversity of microorganisms found in the human digestive tract is very diverse, consisting of 300-500 different species of bacteria to increase the working power of nutrition. Prebiotics such as inulin and FOS and probiotics such as Bifidobacteria are aspects that can be added for the increase of nutrition. Optimal bacterial growth can be seen in the bacterial growth curve. The research problems were how the effect of prebiotic inulin and FOS on the growth of Bifidobacterium sp. Bb2E, the amount of incubation time needed to support the growth of Bifidobacterium sp. Bb2E, and how the interaction between prebiotic types and incubation times on the growth of Bifidobacterium sp. BB2E. The purposes of this study were to study the effect of prebiotic inulin and FOS on the growth of Bifidobacterium sp. Bb2E, to know the optimal incubation time of Bifidobacterium sp. Bb2E, and to know the interaction between prebiotic types and incubation times on the growth of Bifidobacterium sp. BB2E. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial patterns. The main parameter measured was the population of Bifidobacterium sp. Bb2E, and the additional parameters measured were the pH level and the value of lactic acid titrated. The independent variable discussed in this study is prebiotic estimation on the medium, while the dependent variable considered is the population of Bifidobacterium sp. BB2E. The results of this study showed that the addition of inulin and fructooligosaccharide prebiotic at different incubation times had a significant effect on the growth of Bifidobacterium sp. Bb2E. The best treatment was a combination of inulin + FOS at incubation time of 18 hours with an optical density value was 1,794 and a total population density was 2,44x1010 CFU/mL.
Aplikasi Jamur Pelapuk Putih pada metode Biopulping berbahan dasar Limbah Daun Kayu Putih (Melaleuca leucadendron) Mubarrak, Syifa; Mumpuni, Aris; Ekowati, Nuraeni
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 4 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3386

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jamur pelapuk putih (JPP) pada kadar lignin dan selulosa dalam proses biopulping limbah daun kayu putih lama dan limbah daun kayu putih baru dan mengetahui JPP terbaik untuk proses biopulping limbah daun kayu putih. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Perlakuan berupa menginokulasikan JPP (Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Ganoderma lucidum, dan Pleurotus tuberregium), tiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Variabel penelitian terdiri atas variabel bebas berupa jenis JPP yang berbeda dan umur limbah, variabel terikat berupa kemampuan biodelignifikasi JPP pada limbah daun kayu putih. Parameter utama yang diamati adalah kadar lignin dan kadar selulosa sebelum dan sesudah masa inkubasi daun kayu putih. Parameter pendukung yang diamati adalah berat limbah sebelum dan sesudah inkubasi, pH, dan Berat Media.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penurunan kadar lignin dan selulosa pada seluruh perlakuan. Hasil rata-rata penurunan kadar lignin terbesar yakni pada perlakuan jamur P. tuberregium terhadap limbah daun kayu putih lama sebesar 0,014%. Penurunan kadar selulosa akhir tertinggi pada perlakuan jamur terbesar adalah pada jamur G. lucidum terhadap limbah daun kayu putih lama mengalami rata-rata penurunan selulosa terbesar 3,22%.
Genera Jamur Patogen dan Persentase Penyakit Bercak Daun yang ditemukan pada Pertanaman Sawi Hijau (Brassica juncea) di Desa Serang, Kecamatan Karangreja, Purbalingga Hartatik, Nia Sri; Sucianto, Eddy Tri; Purwati, Endang Sri
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3387

Abstract

Green mustard (Brassica juncea) is an annual or horticultural plant of the Brassica genus. The purpose of this research is to knowledge the type of fungi that cause leaf spot disease on green mustard plants and to know the large percentage of leaf spot diseases caused by fungus on mustard greens in Serang Village, Karangreja District, Purbalingga. This research is used survey method by taking purposive random sampling at two different locations. The type of fungus that causes leaf spot disease on (B. juncea) mustard green can be identified by isolating the part of plants are sick then identified. Identification of fungi is doing by two stages of observation, that is observation macromorphological characters and micromorphological characters. Observation of macromorphological characters includes colony color, colony shape, the edge of colony shape and colony reverse color. Observation of the micromorphology character includes the presence of hyphae, hyphae (insulated or non-insulated), conidia shape, conidia color, additional devices and conidiophores. The next stage to find out the type of fungus that causes leaf spot disease is Koch's Postulate.The results obtained there is one type of disease in green mustard plants. Leaf spot is one of the diseases of mustard greens caused by the fungus Alternaria sp, with a frequency of leaf spot disease as many as 196 times, and the percentage of disease of 51,30%.
Persentase Penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Jamur pada Buah Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.) di Desa Serang Kecamatan Karangreja Kabupaten Purbalingga Kirana, Bella Ajeng Ayu; Sucianto, Eddy Tri; Mumpuni, Aris
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 4 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3389

Abstract

Cabai merah (Capsicum annuum L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang penting dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Kebutuhan cabai merah kian hari terus meningkat karena banyaknya yang memanfaatkan sebagai bahan dasar untuk pembuatan berbagai jenis makanan. Cabai merah juga banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku industri pangan dan farmasi. Penduduk di Desa Serang, Kecamatan Karangreja, Kabupaten Purbalingga umumnya berprofesi sebagai petani. Para petani mengalami beberapa kendala dalam meningkatkan produksi tanaman cabai merah karena adanya organisme pengganggu tanaman seperti hama dan patogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis penyakit yang disebabkan oleh jamur pada buah cabai merah, mengetahui jamur yang menyebabkan penyakit pada buah cabai merah serta mengetahui besarnya nilai persentase penyakit yang disebabkan oleh jamur pada buah cabai merah di Desa Serang, Kecamatan Karangreja, Kabupaten Purbalingga. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survai dengan pengambilan sampel secara random sampling pada 2 lokasi berbeda di Desa Serang, Kecamatan Karangreja, Kabupaten Purbalingga. Identifikasi penyakit dilakukan dengan melihat tanda dan gejala. Identifikasi jamur dilakukan dengan melihat karakterisitik secara mikroskopis dan makroskopis, kemudian dihitung persentase penyakit pada buah cabai merah, selanjutnya dilakukan uji Postulat Koch. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh satu jenis penyakit yang terdapat pada buah cabai merah di Desa Serang, Kecamatan Karangreja, Kabupaten Purbalingga yaitu penyakit antraknosa yang disebabkan oleh jamur Colletotrichum sp. Persentase penyakit antraknosa yang disebabkan oleh jamur Colletotrichum sp sebesar 51,1%.
Status Reproduksi Belut Sawah (Monopterus albus) yang tertangkap di Desa Kalitinggar, Kabupaten Purbalingga Amalia, Sa'adatul; Susatyo, Priyo; Sugiharto, Sugiharto
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3393

Abstract

Ricefield eel is one type of fish whose habitat is in paddy fields and the eel's body does not have scales. Ricefield eel has a high protein, so it is widely consumed and sold in local and international markets. Eel reproduction is a protogynous hermaphrodite thathas a replacement cycle from female sex to the male sex. This research was conducted in the laboratory of the Faculty of Biology, Jenderal Soedirman University, by taking samples of Ricefield Eel in Kalitinggar Village, Padamara District, Purbalingga Regency. The purpose of this study was to know the relationship between GSI with a certain eel body length, as well as the gonad histology picture of rice eels in each fishing month. The results of the study as many as 54 eel catches. Ricefield eel was caught in May, June, and August 2019. Eel body length ranges from 16-35 cm with a GSI value of 0.32 – 10.36 %. There is a correlation between eels' body length toward GSI with the value p < 0.01, which was tested using Pearson correlation in the SPSS application. Based on observations using a microscope, many of the eels produced females with a body length ranges of 19-32 cm.
Identifikasi Jamur Penyebab Penyakit pada Tanaman Sawi Putih (Brassica rapa L.) dan Persentase Penyakitnya di Desa Serang Kecamatan Karangreja, Kabupaten Purbalingga Apriliani, Siti Hanifah Nur; Sucianto, Eddy Tri; Purwati, Endang Sri
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 4 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3394

Abstract

Sawi putih (Brassica rapa L.) adalah sekelompok tumbuhan dari marga Brassica yang dimanfaatkan daunnya sebagai bahan pangan (sayuran), baik segar maupun diolah. Sawi putih termasuk ke dalam tanaman hortikultura yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi. Beberapa spesies dari genus Brassica memiliki kemiripan satu sama lain. Sawi memiliki kandungan nutrisi seperti kalsium, asam folat, dan magnesium serta vitamin A, B, C, E, dan K. Petani di desa Serang memiliki masalah tidak hanya di bidang biaya produksi, tetapi juga pernah mengalami kegagalan panen akibat penyakit yang disebabkan oleh mikroorganisme, sehingga perlu adanya pengendalian untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman sawi putih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis penyakit yang disebabkan oleh jamur pada tanaman sawi putih, mengetahui jamur yang menyebabkan penyakit pada tanaman sawi putih serta mengetahui persentase kemunculan jamur penyebab penyakit pada tanaman sawi putih di desa Serang Kecamatan Karangreja, Kabupaten Purbalingga. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan pengambilan sampel secara purposive random sampling pada dua lokasi yang berbeda di Desa Serang Kecamatan Karangreja, Kabupaten Purbalingga. Identifikasi penyakit dilakukan dengan melihat tanda serta gejala secara makroskopis, sedangkan jamur penyebab penyakit diamati karakter mikromorfologi dan makromorfologinya. Identifikasi, dilanjutkan dengan Postulat Koch. Hasil penelitian di Desa Serang Kecamatan Karangreja, Kabupaten Purbalingga didapatkan jenis penyakit pada tanaman sawi putih adalah penyakit layu daun dan bercak daun. Penyakit layu daun disebabkan oleh jamur Fusarium sp. dan penyakit bercak daun disebabkan oleh Botryodiplodia sp. Penyakit yang paling banyak muncul pada tanaman sawi putih yaitu penyakit layu daun oleh Fusarium sp dengan frekuensi kemunculan sebanyak 199 kali dan persentase penyakit sebesar 50,95% dan frekuensi kemuncula untuk bercak daun Botryodiplodia sp. sebanyak 70 kali dan persentase penyakit sebesar 17,9%.
Identifikasi Jamur Patogen dan Tingkat Persentase Penyakit pada Tanaman Selada (Lactuca sativa L.) di Sentra Tanaman Sayur Desa Serang, Kecamatan Karangreja, Kabupaten Purbalingga Nursanti, Agustina; Sucianto, Eddy Tri; Mumpuni, Aris
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 1 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3396

Abstract

Selada (Lactuca sativa L.) merupakan tanaman sayuran daun dari family Compositae (Asteraceae) yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis tinggi. Selada mengandung banyak mineral dan vitamin yang berguna untuk kesehatan. Tanaman selada memiliki daun yang berombak, bergerigi, berwarna hijau segar dan ada juga yang berwarna merah. Terdapat beberapa kendala dalam budidaya tanaman selada diantarnya adalah gangguan hama dan penyakit seperti siput, nematoda, busuk daun, dan busuk akar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis jamur patogen penyebab penyakit dan tingkat persentase penyakit pada tanaman Selada di Desa Serang, Kecamatan Karangreja, Kabupaten Purbalingga. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan pengambilan sampel yang dilakukan secara purposive random sampling di dua lokasi yang berbeda. Proses identifikasi dilakukan dengan pengamatan secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Hasil pengamatan dideterminasi dengan buku identifikasi dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Postulat Koch. Hasil penelitian di Sentra Tanaman Sayur Desa Serang, Kecamatan Karangreja, Kabupaten Purbalingga, didapatkan jenis penyakit selada adalah penyakit busuk daun (bottom rot) dan bercak daun. Penyakit busuk daun disebabkan oleh jamur Rhizoctonia sp. dan penyakit bercak daun disebabkan oleh jamur Nigrospora sp. Penyakit yang paling banyak muncul pada tanaman selada yaitu penyakit busuk daun oleh Rhizoctonia sp. dengan frekuensi kemunculan sebanyak 206 kali dan rata-rata persentase penyakit sebesar 52,79%.
Kekayaan Jenis Ikan Elasmobranchii di TPI Bajomulyo Kabupaten Pati dan Status Konservasinya Setiati, Ning; Putri, Khoirinida Suftiyani
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 4 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2021.3.4.3479

Abstract

The wealth of marine biota species in Indonesia are very diverse, both from bony fish and cartilaginous fish (Elasmobranchii). The Elasmobranchii fish are currently facing an extinction rate problem due to overfishing. Based on the IUCN Red List, 1 shark species is classified as Critically Endangered, 5 shark species are Endangered, 23 sharks species are Vulnerable and 35 other sharks species are in Near Threatened in Indonesia. The research aims to identify, describe the type and conservation status of Elasmobranchii fish caught at TPI Bajomulyo. The research method uses observation and interview techniques. Data were collected from March to April 2020. The determination of the type was analyzed descriptively based on the results of the observed assessment characteristics. The determination of the conservation status used in this research include the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), Indonesian Government Regulation Number 8 Year 1999, Constitution Number 5 Year 1990 and Ministerial Regulation of Environment and Forestry Number P.106 Year 2018. There are 11 species of Elasmobranchii fish found during the research process. These species include Carcharhinus sealei (NT), Chiloscyllium punctatum (NT), Dasyatis kuhlii (DD), Himantura gerrardi (VU), Himantura undulata (VU), Himantura jenkinsii (VU), Pastinachus sephen (NT), Taeniura meyeni (VU), Gymnura poecilura (NT), Rhynchobatus australiae (CR), and Rhina ancylostoma (CR). Based on CITES, there are only 2 species categorized as Appendix II, Rhynchobatus australiae and Rhina ancylostoma. This research provides benefits for fisherman and related agencies to pay attention to catching protected fish so that it is sustainability is maintained.

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