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Arif Rahman Hikam
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Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Jl. dr. Soeparno No. 63 Purwokerto, Kabupaten Banyumas Kode Pos 53122
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BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27148564     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
Jurnal BioEksakta menerbitkan artikel ilmiah hasil penelitian dalam bidang biologi umum termasuk Ekologi dan konservasi, Taksonomi dan Struktur, Biogeografi, Evolusi, Biodeversitas, Fisiologi dan Reproduksi, Biologi sel, Biologi Molekuler dan Genetika.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 401 Documents
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Life Table Lalat Buah (Drosophila melanogaster) yang Didedahkan pada Konsentrasi Subletal Sipermetrin Wahyudin, Aan; Budianto, Bambang Heru; Basuki, Edi
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 3 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2021.3.3.4434

Abstract

Drosophila melanogaster atau sering disebut juga dengan lalat buah, merupakan jenis serangga yang ditemukan pada buah atau sayuran yang membusuk dan bahan tanaman di seluruh dunia dengan distribusi yang luas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan nilai LC50 dari telur, larva, pupa dan serta potensi reproduksi lalat buah dewasa (Drosophila melanogaster) yang terdedah oleh sipermetrin. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Data kematian lalat dari uji toksisitas dianalisis dengan ANAVA serta uji Probit menggunakan aplikasi SPSS, sedangkan data parameter potensi reproduksi dianalisis dengan metode life table menggunakan Ms. Excel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Nilai LC50 sipermetrin berbeda pada setiap tahap perkembangan. Nilai LC50 dari paling rendah hingga paling tinggi berturut-turut adalah dimulai pada tahap perkembangan telur yaitu sebesar 1654,824 ppm, selanjutnya pada tahap telur sebesar 3067,192 ppm, tahap imago sebesar 3155,848 ppm dan tahap pupa sebesar 3755,014 ppm. Potensi reproduksi dan laju populasi D. melanogaster mengalami penurunan yang signifikan seiring peningkatan konsentrasi, lebih rendah dibandingkan pada kontrol. Konsentrasi terbaik yang mampu menurunkan nilai laju reproduksi bersih (R0) dan kemampuan populasi memperbanyak diri (λ) adalah 266,6 ppm dengan rata-rata nilai masing masing parameter sebesar 0,22 dan 0,86. Selanjutnya konsentrasi terbaik dalam menurunkan periode hidup rata-rata (T) dan potensi reproduksi populasi (rm) adalah konsentrasi 250,0 ppm dengan rata-rata nilai masing-masing parameter sebesar 9,64 dan -0,03. Kata Kunci: Sipermetrin, Drosophila melanogaster, lalat buah, life table, potensi reproduksi
BIOMASS AND CHLOROPHYLL ANALYSIS OF Ceriops tagal IN DIFFERENT NURSERY MEDIA Jannah, Herna Maghfira Raudhatul; Ardli, Erwin Riyanto; Proklamasiningsih, Elly
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 3 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2021.3.3.4545

Abstract

Ceriops tagal is a major mangrove species that contributes significantly to the mangrove environment. Ceriops tagal is a species of mangrove that supports a variety of marine organisms, including fish, shrimp, nematodes, and other biota, as well as maintaining the mangrove ecosystem's stability. A nursery is required in the recovery process. The addition of husk and husk charcoal to nursery media can enhance water, air, and plant nutrient absorption space. The objective of this study is to (1) determine how different nursery media with a mixture of husk and husk charcoal affect mud media, and (2) find which nursery media has the best influence on biomass and chlorophyll content in C. tagal mangroves. This study began with the propagules of C. tagal being planted in different composition growing media with husk and husk charcoal, and then calculating the biomass in the root, stem, leaves, and hypocotyl, as well as the chlorophyll content in the leaves of C. tagal organs, using an ANOVA test. Then, for the wet biomass of the root, dry biomass of the stem, root, and wet and dry biomass hypocotyl of C. tagal, do an honest significant difference test of 5%. According to the findings, adding husk and husk charcoal to nursery media can increase the dry biomass of the root and stem, as well as the wet and dry biomass of the hypocotyl in C. tagal organs. Media 5 (mud + husk charcoal in a 2:1 ratio) and media 6 (mud + husk + husk charcoal in a 1:1:1) were the best media for increasing the biomass of the C. tagal in each organ. Environmental factors such as the pH content of the medium influence the increase in dry biomass of the root and stem, as well as the wet and dry biomass of the hypocotyl. Keywords: biomass, Ceriops tagal, chlorophyll, nursery media
Karakteristik Morfologi Post Larva Udang Penaeus dan Metapenaeus dari Kawasan Timur Segara Anakan Cilacap Firdhaus, Harditya; Bhagawati, Dian; Kusbiyanto, Kusbiyanto
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 2 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2021.3.2.4554

Abstract

Informasi tentang keberadaan udang pada fase post larva di alam dapat menunjukkan keberadaan spesifik dari tempat yang dimanfaatkan untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan larva dan post larva. Hal ini dapat menjadi alternatif pilihan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman udang di suatu wilayah dengan keberadaan post larvanya. Penelitian mengenai kekayaan spesies udang fase post larva berdasarkan karakter morfologi, terutama di kawasan timur Segara Anakan Cilacap masih jarang dilakukan, sehingga perlu dilakukan pengumpulan data dasar karakter morfologi udang fase post larva. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kekayaan spesies dan deskripsi morfologi udang fase post larva yang terdapat di kawasan timur Segara Anakan Kabupaten Cilacap, Jawa Tengah. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara random sampling dari koleksi Laboratorium Taksonomi Hewan Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah performa morfologi, morfometri standar, dan meristik dari udang pada fase post larva. Parameter yang diamati yaitu deskripsi morfologi masing-masing udang fase post larva, rasio morfometri standar, dan perhitungan meristik. Data kekayaan spesies, performa morfologi, morfometri standar, dan meristik dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian diperoleh sebanyak 3 spesies udang fase post larva dari Genus Penaeus dan Metapenaeus yaitu Penaeus indicus, P. merguiensis, dan Metapenaeus ensis.
Kajian Anatomi Daun dan Morfologi Nepenthes spp. Koleksi Kebun Raya Baturaden Kabupaten Banyumas Simbolon, Camelina; Samiyarsih, Siti; Herawati, Wiwik
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 3 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2021.3.3.4560

Abstract

Tumbuhan kantong semar (Nepenthes spp.) merupakan salah satu tumbuhan karnivora yang tergolong unik, karena kantong pada Nepenthes spp. merupakan modifikasi ujung daun yang berubah bentuk dan fungsinya menjadi perangkap serangga atau hewan kecil lainnya. Kebun Raya Baturraden merupakan kawasan yang digunakan untuk konservasi berbagai jenis tumbuhan baik ex-situ maupun in-situ termasuk Nepenthes spp. /Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mengetahui karakter anatomi dan morfologi daun Nepenthes spp. yang tumbuh di kawasan Kebun Raya Baturraden, 2) menentukan karakter yang berbeda dari masing-masing spesies Nepenthes spp. yang tumbuh di kawasan Kebun Raya Baturraden berdasarkan anatomi dan morfologi daun. Penelitian dilakukan dengan observasi langsung, metode purposive sampling, pengambilan sampel daun Nepenthes spp. di rumah kaca Kebun Raya Baturaden. Pengamatan karakter anatomi daun dengan metode embedding, pewarnaan dengan safranin 1%. dalam alkohol 70%. Hasil pengamatan karakter anatomi dan morfologi dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA pada taraf kepercayaan 95% dan 99%, dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) dan pengamatan hasil pengamatan morfologi dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedelapan spesies Nepenthes memiliki struktur anatomi yang sama yang terdiri dari kutikula, epidermis, dan mesofil dengan ukuran yang bervariasi antar spesies. Karakter morfologi delapan spesies Nepenthes bervariasi antar spesies dengan ukuran yang berbeda. Tangkai daun hanya dimiliki oleh N. ampullaria, N. mirabilis, N. rafflesiana, kantong yang memiliki bentuk seperti kendi hanya dimiliki oleh N. mirabilis, N, gracilis, dan N. tobaica, warna kantong yang paling mencolok adalah N. rafflesiana. Perbedaan karakter anatomi daun kedelapan spesies Nepenthes terdapat pada lebar stomata, tebal kutikula, tebal epidermis, tebal mesofil, panjang daun, lebar daun, tangkai daun, panjang sulur, diameter kantong, bentuk kantong, warna kantong. Kata kunci: Kebun Raya Baturraden, anatomi daun, morfologi, Nepenthes spp.
Prevalensi dan Intensitas Tungau Parasit pada Kucing Peliharaan yang Diperiksakan di beberapa Klinik Hewan Purwokerto Hidayah, Amelia Nurma; Budianto, Bambang Heru; Pratiknyo, Hery
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 2 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2021.3.2.4564

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan intensitas tungau parasit pada kucing peliharaan di beberapa klinik hewan di Purwokerto. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode cross sectional menggunakan teknik random sampling pada tiga klinik hewan di Kota Purwokerto. Identifikasi tungau parasit dianalisis secara deskriptif, data tungau yang ditemukan kemudian dianalisis menggunakan rumus prevalensi dan intensitas. Angka prevalensi dan intensitas yang didapat kemudian dibandingkan dengan tabel kategori prevalensi dan intensitas. Hasil penelitian melaporkan prevalensi total tungau parasit yaitu sebesar 85% yang termasuk ke dalam kategori prevalensi biasanya yang menginfikasikan infestasi sedang, dengan intensitas total tungau parasit sebesar 196,7 yang termasuk ke dalam kategori intensitas yang sangat parah. Spesies tungau parasit yang ditemukan diantaranya Otodectes cynotis, Notoedres cati dan Lynxacarus radovskyi. Kata Kunci : Intensitas, klinik hewan Purwokerto, kucing, prevalensi, tungau parasit.
Aktivitas Amilolitik Bakteri Sedimen Mangrove Pantai Logending, Ayah, Kebumen pada Suhu dan pH Berbeda Rahmawati, Alfiani; ., Oedjijono; Ryandini, Dini
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 4 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2021.3.4.4574

Abstract

Mangrove sediment is a source of various microorganisms that degrade leaf litter or parts of mangrove plants, including amylolytic bacteria. Bacteria isolated from the mangrove sediments of the Logending beach have not yet known their amylolytic ability. Optimum amylase activity can be influenced by temperature and pH. This study aims to determine the ability of mangrove sediment bacterial isolates to produce amylase enzymes, to determine the pH and temperature for optimum amylase activity, and to identify amylase-producing bacteria. The research was conducted by survey method. The research stages included screening for amylolytic bacteria, preparation of growth curves, amylase production, optimizing amylolytic activity at various temperatures (35ºC; 36ºC; 37ºC; 38ºC) and pHs (4.5; 5; 5.5; 6) and characterization of amylolytic isolates. The parameters measured were amylolytic index, amylase activity quantitatively, total number of bacteria, and identity of amylolytic bacteria from mangrove sediments. Data analysis was done descriptively. The results showed that the highest amylolytic index were shown by isolate LG113 with an amylolytic index value of 9.86 from 10 amylolytic isolates from mangrove sediments. The optimum temperature for amylase activity was 37ºC, which was 2.13 U/mL and the optimum pH was 6, which was 2.14 U/mL. The total number of amylolytic bacterial cells at the end of the production period was 1.94.1013 cfu/mL. The amylolytic isolate LG113 belongs to Bacillus genera.
Karakterisasi dan Optimasi Aktivitas Bakteriosin Isolat Bakteri Asam Laktat LG-90 Asal Sedimen Mangrove Pantai Logending Mayliani, Fiqita; Kusharyati, Dyah Fitri; Ryandini, Dini
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 4 No 1 (2022): Bioeksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2022.4.1.4575

Abstract

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a group of Gram-positive bacteria that produce various active metabolites, including lactic acid, ethanol, hydroperoxides, and bacteriocins. Bacteriocin is a peptide that has a broad spectrum to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microbes. The ability of bacteriocins to inhibit microbial growth is influenced by various factors, including the concentration of antimicrobial substances, temperature, storage time, pH, and microbial properties. LG-90 isolated from mangrove sediments at Logending Beach located in Ayah Village, Ayah District, Kebumen Regency, is known to be capable of producing bacteriocins. This research aimed to determine the characteristics and identity of LG-90, the optimum time of bacteriocin production, and the optimum pH and temperature for bacteriocin activity of LG-90 as antimicrobial agents. This research used a survey method. The independent variable in this research was LAB LG-90 isolates and the dependent variable were the ability to produce bacteriocins and their antibacterial power. The main parameter observed was diameter of the inhibition zone and the supporting parameters were morphological, physiological, and biochemical properties of bacteria. Descriptive data analysis and characterization of bacterial isolates refers to Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. The results showed that LG-90 from the mangrove sediments of Logending Beach had the similar phenetic characters as the genus Lactobacillus. Optimum bacteriocin production of LG-90 at an incubation time of 16 hours. Optimum antimicrobial activity of LG-90 bacteriocin at pH 6 and heating temperature of 40oC.
Distribusi dan Sex Ratio Udang Macrobrachium pilimanus pada Sungai Mengaji di Banyumas Prodhiana, Prodhiana; Sastranegara, Moh. Husein; Winarni, Elly Tuti
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 4 No 1 (2022): Bioeksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2022.4.1.4578

Abstract

The one forms of freshwater ecosystems which is the habitat of various organisms is rivers. The Mengaji River is a river that springs from the southern slopes of Mount Slamet. Rivers always experience changes in physical, chemical, and biological factors. The decline in river water quality greatly affects the distribution and sex ratio of Macrobrachium pilimanus in the Mengaji River. This research aims to determine the distribution and sex ratio of M. pilimanus shrimp in the Mengaji River. The research was conducted using a survey method for determining stations and purposive random sampling for sampling. The samples obtained were then identified and measured using the morphometric method. Research was conducted between June-August 2020. Shrimp distribution data were analyzed using the "F" test with SPSS 2016, while the sex ratio of shrimp was analyzed using the sex ratio formula from the Kao and Liu method. The results of this study found that the distribution of M. pilimanus shrimp in the Mengaji River, Banyumas, was not evenly distributed between stations. The highest distribution was found at Station IV, while the highest female shrimp was found at Station II. The sex ratio of M. pilimanus shrimp in the Mengaji River Banyumas was not balanced and was dominated by females. The sex ratio was found to be the highest at Station II.
Keragaman Tumbuhan yang Dimanfaatkan Sebagai Pewarna Alami Batik Di Kabupaten Banyumas Sir, Makdalena Viviliani; Herawati, Wiwik; Sukarsa, Sukarsa
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 4 No 1 (2022): Bioeksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2022.4.1.4592

Abstract

Natural dyes are compounds that can be produced from various types of natural sources. Plants that produce natural dyes can be obtained from their parts such as leaves, bark, fruit skin, seeds, roots and flowers, which have gone through several processes, namely boiling, burning, crushing, pounding and immediately used. This study aims to determine the types of plants used as natural dyes for batik, and to determine which parts of plant organs are used as natural dyes for batik. The method used in this research is a survey method. Sampling was done by purposive sampling. Data were collected by observing and interviewing the batik home industry in Banyumas Regency. The parameters used are the types of plants and plant organs that are used as natural dyes for batik. Data were tabulated and identified for analysis. Analysis of the research data was carried out descriptively. Plant used as natural batik dyes in several Batik Home Industries in Banyumas Regency consists of 12 plant species the parts of plants were roots, stems, leaves, tubers, wood, bark, fruit skin, and coir. Natural dyes of batik are obtained by boiling and pounding. Then Used by Soaking, Dipping, and to draw motifs.
Pengaruh pH dan Waktu Inkubasi Berbeda Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi β-Glukan Schizophyllum commune Maharani, Amalia Sofia; Ekowati, Nuraeni; Ratnaningtyas, Nuniek Ina
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 4 No 1 (2022): Bioeksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2022.4.1.4594

Abstract

Schizophyllum commune is a fungus that grows naturally on tree trunks and wood processing waste. This mushroom contains β-glucan compounds which have the potential for drug development in the world of health. The main purpose of this study was to determine the optimum value of pH and incubation time on S. commune's growth, and also the optimum value of pH and incubation time on β-glucan production of S. commune. The research was conducted by experimental method of completely randomized factorial design (CRD factorial). The treatment given includes variations in pH (P) with three levels, namely pH 5 (P1), pH 6 (P2), and pH 7 (P3), and variations in incubation time (W) with three levels, namely incubation time of 20 days (W1), 25 days (W2), and 30 days (W3). . The independent variables were pH and incubation time, while the dependent variables were fungal mycelium growth and β-glucan production. The main parameter observed was β-glucan weight. The supporting parameters were dry biomass weight and the final pH medium. Data analysis was performed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 95% accuracy levels, followed by Duncan's test (Ducan Multiple Range Test). The results showed that pH and incubation time were significantly affected to the growth and production of β-glucan fungus S. commune. The value of pH 6 and incubation time of 25 days was the optimum condition for the growth of S. commune, and also pH 5 and incubation time of 25 days was the optimum condition for β-glucan production of S. commune.

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