Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

MEMORI KOLEKTIF MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PERISTIWA KAHAR MUZAKKAR: STUDI BERDASARKAN WAWANCARA LINTAS WILAYAH Citra Glorya Pongdatu; Farah Fadia Faisal; Andi Rahmadani; Aurelie Indyta Chrisvani; Ribka Paseno; Sulfianti Sulfianti; Mutiara Devi
CENDEKIA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51878/cendekia.v6i3.11230

ABSTRACT The Kahar Muzakkar movement represents one of Indonesia's major post-independence conflicts that not only left significant political and military legacies but also shaped the collective memory of communities across various regions of Sulawesi. However, existing studies on this event have largely been dominated by political and official historical perspectives, while community experiences preserved through oral narratives have received relatively limited scholarly attention. This study aims to analyze how communities remember, interpret, and transmit memories of the Kahar Muzakkar conflict through an oral history approach. The study employed a descriptive qualitative method using an oral history approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with purposively selected informants aged 65 years and above from Palopo, East Luwu, Mamuju, and Southeast Sulawesi. The findings reveal that collective memory is a social construct shaped by lived experiences, oral traditions, and socio-cultural contexts. The study identified two forms of memory: direct memory derived from personal experiences and indirect memory transmitted through family members and the surrounding social environment. Furthermore, geographical proximity to the conflict area was found to influence the characteristics of collective memory. Communities located closer to the conflict zone tended to retain more concrete recollections, whereas those living farther away developed narratives that were more ambiguous and intertwined with mythical elements. These findings demonstrate that oral history is an effective approach for uncovering community experiences that are insufficiently documented in written historical sources and for enriching the study of social history and collective memory in Indonesia. ABSTRAK Peristiwa Kahar Muzakkar merupakan salah satu konflik pascakemerdekaan yang tidak hanya meninggalkan jejak politik dan militer, tetapi juga membentuk memori kolektif masyarakat di berbagai wilayah Sulawesi. Namun, kajian mengenai peristiwa ini masih didominasi oleh perspektif politik dan sejarah resmi, sementara pengalaman masyarakat melalui narasi lisan masih relatif terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bagaimana masyarakat mengingat, menafsirkan, dan mewariskan memori mengenai peristiwa Kahar Muzakkar melalui pendekatan sejarah lisan. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan sejarah lisan. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap informan berusia 65 tahun ke atas yang dipilih secara purposive dari Palopo, Luwu Timur, Mamuju, dan Sulawesi Tenggara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa memori masyarakat merupakan konstruksi sosial yang dibentuk oleh pengalaman hidup, tradisi lisan, dan konteks sosial budaya. Penelitian mengidentifikasi dua bentuk memori, yaitu memori langsung yang berasal dari pengalaman pribadi dan memori tidak langsung yang diwariskan melalui keluarga maupun lingkungan sosial. Selain itu, ditemukan bahwa kedekatan geografis dengan wilayah konflik memengaruhi karakter memori masyarakat, di mana wilayah yang lebih dekat memiliki ingatan yang lebih konkret, sedangkan wilayah yang lebih jauh cenderung membangun narasi yang lebih samar dan bercampur dengan unsur mitos. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa sejarah lisan mampu mengungkap pengalaman masyarakat yang tidak banyak terdokumentasi dalam sumber sejarah tertulis serta memperkaya kajian sejarah sosial dan memori kolektif di Indonesia.

PENGARUH PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH DAN TOTAL BELANJA DAERAH TERHADAP TINGKAT KEMANDIRIAN DAERAH DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT TAHUN 2015-2024 Witri Widyastuti; Hailuddin Hailuddin; Sujadi Sujadi
CENDEKIA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51878/cendekia.v6i3.11254

Fiscal autonomy reflects a local government's capability to self-finance development and public services. Given the high reliance on central transfers, optimizing Locally Generated Revenue (PAD) and expanding expenditure efficiency are critical. This associative quantitative study analyzes the impact of PAD and Total Regional Expenditure on Fiscal Autonomy in West Lombok Regency (2015–2024) using secondary data from Budget Realization Reports. Multiple linear regression with Heteroskedasticity and Autocorrelation Consistent (HAC) Newey-West standard errors was applied to resolve autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity issues. The empirical results demonstrate that PAD has a positive and significant effect on Fiscal Autonomy (coefficient = 0.373874; p = 0.0001), whereas Total Regional Expenditure shows no significant effect (p = 0.2824). Simultaneously, both variables significantly influence fiscal autonomy based on the Wald F-statistic (p = 0.000213). The coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.5463 indicates that the model explains 54.63% of the autonomy variance. These findings confirm a flypaper effect, where increased spending fails to effectively stimulate local fiscal capacity. Consequently, the local government must intensify PAD collection and improve the productivity of budget allocations. ABSTRAK Kemandirian fiskal merupakan refleksi kemampuan daerah dalam mendanai pembangunan dan pelayanan publik secara mandiri. Mengingat tingginya ketergantungan pemerintah daerah terhadap dana transfer pusat, optimalisasi Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) dan efisiensi belanja menjadi sangat krusial. Penelitian kuantitatif asosiatif ini menganalisis pengaruh PAD dan Total Belanja Daerah terhadap Kemandirian Fiskal Kabupaten Lombok Barat periode 2015–2024 menggunakan data sekunder Laporan Realisasi APBD. Analisis data menerapkan regresi linear berganda dengan pendekatan Heteroskedasticity and Autocorrelation Consistent (HAC) Newey-West untuk mengoreksi autokorelasi dan heteroskedastisitas. Hasil riset membuktikan PAD berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kemandirian Fiskal (koefisien = 0,373874; p = 0,0001), sedangkan Total Belanja Daerah tidak berpengaruh signifikan (p = 0,2824). Secara simultan, kedua variabel berpengaruh signifikan berdasarkan uji Wald F-statistic (p = 0,000213). Nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,5463 menunjukkan bahwa 54,63% variasi kemandirian fiskal mampu dijelaskan oleh model ini. Temuan ini mengindikasikan fenomena flypaper effect, di mana ekspansi belanja belum efektif menstimulasi kapasitas fiskal daerah. Implikasinya, pemerintah daerah perlu mengintensifkan penerimaan PAD dan meningkatkan produktivitas alokasi belanja.

IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PAI Viatul Qiromah; Fitriatul Munawaroh
CENDEKIA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51878/cendekia.v6i3.11637

In the process of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning, an educator needs to prepare a learning model that is appropriate to the students’ needs. The implementation of the Inquiry learning model can be used as a solution to help overcome students’ difficulties in receiving and understanding the lesson material. The Inquiry model encourages students to be actively involved in the learning process. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the implementation of the Inquiry learning model in PAI lessons for seventh-grade students at MTs Negeri 3 Jember. This research is a descriptive qualitative study. Based on the observations conducted, there were different levels of learning interest among students in studying Islamic Religious Education. Efforts to increase students’ learning interest included: teachers giving questions or exercises to students which were then answered by them, and teachers providing educational games so that students became more enthusiastic about learning. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. Meanwhile, the methods used for data analysis were data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the Inquiry model in PAI learning at MTs Negeri 3 Jember promotes active student involvement. With such active participation, students tend to have higher motivation and enthusiasm in participating in learning activities. In addition, the learning atmosphere becomes more interactive, which helps students understand the material better. The better the implementation of the Inquiry model in the learning process, the higher the students’ interest and participation in teaching and learning activities. ABSTRAK Dalam proses pembelajaran PAI seorang pendidik perlu mempersiapkan model pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa. Penerapan model Inkuiri dapat dijadikan solusi untuk membantu mengatasi kesulitan siswa dalam menerima dan memahami materi pelajaran. Model Inkuiri mendorong siswa terlibat secara aktif dalam pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis implementasi model pembelajaran inkuiri pada pelajaran PAI siswa kelas VII di MTs.Negeri 3 Jember. Penelitian ini jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil observasi yang dilakukan, terdapat Minat belajar yang berbeda beda dalam mempelajari Pendidikan Agama Islam. Upaya meningkatkan minat belajar siswa diantaranya: Guru memberikan pertanyaan atau soal kepada murid yang kemudian dijawab oleh siswa nya, Murid diberikan permainan edukasi oleh guru agar mereka semangat untuk belajar. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan metode untuk analisis data menggunakan kondensasi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi model Inkuiri pada pembelajaran PAI di MTs. Negeri 3 Jember Dengan adanya keterlibatan aktif tersebut, siswa cenderung memiliki motivasi dan antusiasme yang lebih tinggi dalam mengikuti pembelajaran. Selain itu, suasana belajar menjadi lebih interaktif sehingga dapat membantu siswa memahami materi dengan lebih baik. Semakin baik penerapan model Inkuiri dalam proses pembelajaran, maka semakin tinggi pula minat dan partisipasi siswa dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar.

PENGARUH KEMISKINAN DAN KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN SEBAGAI HAMBATAN DALAM PENCAPAIAN SDGs DI INDONESIA Febriyanti Revalentina Naibaho; Rut Hutauruk; Pesta Sugianti Simanungkalit; Khairuddin Ependi Tambunan
CENDEKIA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51878/cendekia.v6i3.11638

This study examines the impact of poverty and income inequality as barriers to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Indonesia. This issue is critical due to persistent disparities in access to resources, education, and economic opportunities, which hinder inclusive development toward Indonesia Gold 2045. This research employs a qualitative method with a literature study approach by analyzing various scientific sources, including journals, books, and data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The findings indicate that poverty is multidimensional and influenced by factors such as human capital quality, unemployment, and access to basic services. Meanwhile, income inequality exacerbates poverty through unequal income distribution and limited social mobility. Both factors are proven to be major obstacles in achieving the SDGs, particularly in poverty eradication and inequality reduction, thus requiring integrated and sustainable policy interventions. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini membahas pengaruh kemiskinan dan ketimpangan pendapatan sebagai hambatan dalam pencapaian Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) di Indonesia. Permasalahan ini menjadi penting karena masih adanya ketimpangan akses terhadap sumber daya, pendidikan, dan kesempatan ekonomi yang menghambat pembangunan inklusif menuju Indonesia Emas 2045. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi literatur melalui analisis berbagai sumber ilmiah, seperti jurnal, buku, dan data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemiskinan bersifat multidimensional dan dipengaruhi oleh faktor seperti kualitas sumber daya manusia, pengangguran, dan akses terhadap layanan dasar. Di sisi lain, ketimpangan pendapatan memperburuk kondisi kemiskinan melalui distribusi ekonomi yang tidak merata dan rendahnya mobilitas sosial. Kedua faktor tersebut terbukti menjadi hambatan utama dalam pencapaian SDGs, terutama pada tujuan pengentasan kemiskinan dan pengurangan ketimpangan, sehingga diperlukan kebijakan yang terintegrasi dan berkelanjutan.

KONSTRUKSI DAN TRANSMISI MEMORI KOLEKTIF TENTANG KAHAR MUZAKAR DALAM KONFLIK DI TORAJA Sanya Randan; Windy Bara Tau; Wanda Kristiani; Risna Risna; Novita Teken; Yestika Ruku; Sintia Sintia
CENDEKIA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51878/cendekia.v6i3.11639

This study aims to understand how the Toraja community constructs collective memory regarding the Kahar Muzakkar rebellion and to examine how the experience of the conflict influenced the social life of the people in Tana Toraja and North Toraja. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with seven informants who had experiences and memories related to the Kahar Muzakkar rebellion and were supported by relevant literature. The results show that the collective memory of the community regarding the Kahar Muzakkar movement was formed through direct experiences and oral narratives passed down across generations within families and communities. The presence of armed groups created fear, psychological pressure, disruption of economic and social activities, and collective trauma that continues to live in the memory of the community. In dealing with the conflict situation, the Toraja people tended to take a neutral position as a survival strategy, while religious and traditional leaders played important roles in maintaining social stability and preserving local values. The memory of the conflict has continued to be transmitted and has become part of how the community understands local history and social relations within their environment. This study concludes that the Kahar Muzakkar rebellion not only left traces of political and military conflict, but also shaped the social memory structure of the Toraja community in a sustainable manner. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana masyarakat Toraja membangun memori kolektif terhadap peristiwa Pemberontakan Kahar Muzakkar serta melihat pengaruh pengalaman konflik tersebut dalam kehidupan sosial masyarakat di Tana Toraja dan Toraja Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap tujuh informan yang memiliki pengalaman dan ingatan mengenai peristiwa Kahar Muzakkar serta didukung oleh literatur yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa memori kolektif masyarakat mengenai gerakan Kahar Muzakkar terbentuk melalui pengalaman langsung dan cerita lisan yang diwariskan secara antargenerasi dalam lingkungan keluarga maupun masyarakat. Kehadiran pasukan bersenjata menimbulkan rasa takut, tekanan psikologis, terganggunya aktivitas ekonomi dan sosial, serta membentuk trauma kolektif yang masih terus hidup dalam ingatan masyarakat. Dalam menghadapi situasi konflik, masyarakat Toraja cenderung mengambil posisi netral sebagai strategi bertahan hidup, sementara tokoh agama dan tokoh adat berperan penting dalam menjaga stabilitas sosial dan mempertahankan nilai-nilai lokal masyarakat. Ingatan mengenai konflik tersebut kemudian terus diwariskan dan menjadi bagian dari cara masyarakat memandang sejarah lokal dan relasi sosial di lingkungan mereka. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa peristiwa Kahar Muzakkar tidak hanya meninggalkan jejak konflik politik dan militer, tetapi juga membentuk struktur memori sosial masyarakat Toraja secara berkelanjutan.

PRODUKSI DAN REPRODUKSI MEMORI: PENGALAMAN MASYARAKAT TERKAIT PERISTIWA KAHAR MUZAKKAR DI GOWA DAN MAKASSAR Asmawati Asmawati; Raodah Tul Syahwani; Nurul Ima Ningsih; Nur Hikma; Ardianti Dwi Andini; Asnira Sainuddin; Susi Susanti
CENDEKIA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51878/cendekia.v6i3.11640

This study examines the community's collective memory of the Kahar Muzakkar incident in the Gowa and Makassar regions as part of a social experience that continues to be passed down from generation to generation. The study aims to understand the process of memory formation through direct experience, reproduction through oral storytelling, and its transformation in contemporary society. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach using oral history and life history methods. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with seven informants, consisting of individuals who directly experienced the conflict situation and those who gained knowledge through family and social stories. The results indicate that community memory is formed from emotional experiences such as fear, anxiety, and insecurity during the conflict. This memory is then passed down through oral narratives that are continually adjusted and reinterpreted according to changing generations and the social context. Furthermore, community views of Kahar Muzakkar have also changed and are no longer understood in a single sense. This research demonstrates that collective memory is dynamic and continuously reconstructed in community life. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini membahas memori kolektif masyarakat mengenai peristiwa Kahar Muzakkar di wilayah Gowa dan Makassar sebagai bagian dari pengalaman sosial yang terus diwariskan antar generasi. Penelitian bertujuan memahami proses terbentuknya memori melalui pengalaman langsung, reproduksi melalui cerita lisan, serta transformasinya dalam masyarakat masa kini. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode sejarah lisan (oral history) dan life history. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap tujuh informan yang terdiri atas individu yang mengalami langsung situasi konflik maupun yang memperoleh pengetahuan melalui cerita keluarga dan lingkungan sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa memori masyarakat terbentuk dari pengalaman emosional seperti rasa takut, cemas, dan ketidakamanan selama masa konflik. Memori tersebut kemudian diwariskan melalui narasi lisan yang terus mengalami penyesuaian dan penafsiran ulang sesuai perkembangan generasi dan konteks sosial. Selain itu, pandangan masyarakat terhadap sosok Kahar Muzakkar juga mengalami perubahan dan tidak lagi dipahami secara tunggal. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa memori kolektif bersifat dinamis dan terus direkonstruksi dalam kehidupan masyarakat.

PENGARUH STRES KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN RITEL KOTA SEMARANG Rudolfcahyo Rudolfcahyo; Menik Tetha Agustina
CENDEKIA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51878/cendekia.v6i3.11641

Behind the rapid development of business competition in the retail industry in a major city, there is a need to improve the quality and capabilities of the workforce in order to enhance employee performance. This study aims to deeply analyze the effect of work stress on employee performance in Semarang City. Using a quantitative approach with a causal design, the study involved 79 employee respondents from various retail stores in Semarang as a sample through random sampling techniques. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed through a series of statistical tests, including validity, reliability, normality, Product Moment correlation, and simple linear regression. The research results indicate that work stress has a significant positive effect on employee performance, marked by a correlation coefficient of 0.511. Hard skill training and employee performance, marked by a correlation coefficient of 0.507. Furthermore, work stress is proven to contribute 26.1% to variations in employee performance, with model significance test results confirming a real effect (p = 0.000), where an increase in stress levels tends to enhance productivity and service quality. Based on these findings, store management is advised to develop stress management strategies that align with field demands and local work culture to maintain high employee performance sustainably. ABSTRAK Di balik pesatnya perkembangan persaingan bisnis industri ritel disuatu kota besar, perlu adanya peningkatan mutu dan kemampuan tenaga kerja guna meningkatkatkan kinerja karyawan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara mendalam pengaruh stres kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan Kota Semarang. Menggunakan pendekatan Kuantitatif dengan desain Kausalitas, penelitian melibatkan 79 responden karyawan dari berbagai toko ritel di kota Semarang sebagai sampel melalui teknik random sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner berskala Likert dan dianalisis melalui serangkaian uji statistik, termasuk validitas, reliabilitas, normalitas, korelasi Product Moment, serta regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stres kerja memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan ditandai dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,511. pelatihan hardskill dan kinerja karyawan, ditandai dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,507. Lebih lanjut, stres kerja terbukti memberikan kontribusi sebesar 26,1% terhadap variasi kinerja karyawan, dengan hasil uji signifikansi model yang mengonfirmasi pengaruh nyata (p= 0,000) di mana peningkatan tingkat stres cenderung meningkatkan produktivitas dan kualitas pelayanan. Berdasarkan temuan ini, manajemen toko disarankan menyusun strategi pengelolaan stres yang selaras dengan tuntutan lapangan dan budaya kerja lokal agar performa karyawan tetap tinggi secara berkesinambungan.

PENGEMBANGAN KAPASITAS PEGAWAI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PROFESIONALISME KERJA PADA KANTOR BADAN KEPEGAWAIAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA KOTA PALEMBANG Masayu Adiah; Tony Mirza; Jailani Jailani
CENDEKIA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51878/cendekia.v6i3.11643

Complaints regarding suboptimal personnel administration services due to suboptimal employee work quality standards are the background to this research. This problem requires institutional strengthening to realize good governance. The focus of this research is to analyze employee capacity development through indicators of education, training, and work experience in improving professionalism at the Palembang City Civil Service and Human Resources Development Agency. The research steps were conducted using a descriptive method with a qualitative approach, where data collection was sourced from direct interviews with six informants consisting of the head of the agency, secretary, sub-section head, and four civil servants. The research findings indicate that capacity development through formal education, functional training, and technical training has been running quite well, however, participation in structural training is still hampered by permission from leaders and employee personal unpreparedness. The main conclusion confirms that the level of professionalism of the apparatus in this agency is adequate because employees have understood their main duties and are committed to working according to standard operating procedures. Nevertheless, the agency needs to continue to promote periodic structural training programs and provide recommendations for senior employees to mitigate the limitations of technical skills in the field on an ongoing basis. ABSTRAK Keluhan terkait pelayanan administrasi kepegawaian yang belum maksimal akibat kurang optimalnya standar kualitas kerja pegawai melatarbelakangi penelitian ini. Masalah tersebut menuntut adanya penguatan kelembagaan demi mewujudkan tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik. Fokus penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengembangan kapasitas pegawai melalui indikator pendidikan, pelatihan, dan pengalaman kerja dalam meningkatkan profesionalisme pada Kantor Badan Kepegawaian dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Kota Palembang. Langkah penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, di mana pengumpulan data bersumber dari wawancara langsung kepada enam informan yang terdiri atas kepala badan, sekretaris, kasubbag, serta empat pegawai negeri sipil. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan kapasitas melalui jalur pendidikan formal, diklat fungsional, dan teknis telah berjalan cukup baik, namun keikutsertaan dalam diklat struktural masih terkendala izin pimpinan serta ketidaksiapan personal pegawai. Simpulan utama menegaskan bahwa tingkat profesionalisme kerja aparatur di instansi ini sudah memadai karena pegawai telah memahami tugas pokoknya dan berkomitmen bekerja sesuai standar operasional prosedur. Meskipun demikian, instansi perlu terus mendorong program diklat struktural secara berkala dan memberikan rekomendasi bagi pegawai senior guna memitigasi keterbatasan keterampilan teknis di lapangan secara berkelanjutan.

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF BERBASIS DISCOVERY LEARNING UNTUK MELATIH KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA SMP Ni Kadek Devi Marlia Putri; I Nyoman Suardana; Kompyang Selamet
CENDEKIA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51878/cendekia.v6i3.11653

Critical thinking skills are one of the essential 21st-century competencies that urgently need to be trained at the junior high school level. However, reality in the field shows that this ability is still relatively low due to the limited visualization of learning media and the dominance of teacher-centered lecture methods. This study aims to describe the characteristics, as well as to analyze the validity, practicality, and readability of interactive learning media based on discovery learning on the topic of nutrients and the human digestive system for junior high school students. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D) using the ADDIE development model, which is limited to the Development stage. The trial subjects involved 2 content and media expert lecturers, 5 science teachers, and 15 eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 3 Banjar. Data collection used a questionnaire method with a Likert scale instrument analyzed descriptively through qualitative and quantitative approaches. Content validity was calculated using Gregory's cross-tabulation formula. The results showed that: (1) the media was developed using the Genially platform in the form of a responsive URL by integrating 6 syntaxes of discovery learning and Ennis's critical thinking indicators, equipped with a Virtual Lab for food tests, scientific animation videos, and interactive quizzes; (2) the content validity obtained a score of 1.00 (very high validity category) and the media validity obtained a score of 0.93 (very high validity category); (3) the practicality test by science teachers obtained an average score of 3.64 (very practical category); and (4) the readability test by students obtained an average score of 3.67 (very readable category). Based on these overall results, the developed interactive learning media is declared valid, practical, and highly readable, making it suitable for use as an interactive and contextual digital learning resource to improve junior high school students' critical thinking skills. ABSTRAK Keterampilan berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu kompetensi abad ke-21 yang mendesak untuk dilatih pada jenjang pendidikan menengah. Realitas di lapangan menunjukkan kemampuan ini masih tergolong rendah karena keterbatasan visualisasi media dan dominasi metode ceramah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik, menganalisis validitas, kepraktisan, dan keterbacaan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis discovery learning pada materi zat makanan dan sistem pencernaan untuk siswa SMP. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) menggunakan model ADDIE yang dibatasi hingga tahap pengembangan (Development). Subjek uji coba melibatkan 2 orang dosen ahli materi dan media, 5 orang guru IPA, serta 15 orang siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 3 Banjar. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode kuesioner dengan instrumen angket skala Likert yang dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Uji validitas isi dihitung menggunakan rumus kesepakatan Gregory. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) media dikembangkan menggunakan platform Genially berbentuk URL dengan mengintegrasikan 6 sintaks discovery learning dan indikator berpikir kritis Ennis, dilengkapi fitur Virtual Lab uji makanan, video ilmiah, dan kuis interaktif; (2) validitas isi materi memperoleh skor 1,00 (sangat tinggi) dan validitas media memperoleh skor 0,93 (sangat tinggi); (3) uji kepraktisan oleh guru memperoleh skor rata-rata 3,64 (sangat praktis); dan (4) uji keterbacaan oleh siswa memperoleh skor rata-rata 3,67 (sangat terbaca). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, media pembelajaran interaktif yang dikembangkan dinyatakan layak, sangat praktis, dan sangat terbaca sebagai bahan ajar digital terintegrasi untuk melatih keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa secara mandiri.

IMPLEMENTASI HUKUM CAGAR BUDAYA PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ADAT DAYAK KALIMANTAN TENGAH Ria Ancoi; Natalia Susilawati
CENDEKIA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51878/cendekia.v6i3.11763

ABSTRACT The problem of cultural heritage protection in Indonesia is characterized by a gap between the existence of comprehensive legal regulations and their implementation in practice. Although Law Number 11 of 2010 on Cultural Heritage provides a strong legal framework for the protection, development, and utilization of cultural heritage, various challenges such as limited institutional capacity, low public participation, and pressures from development and modernization continue to threaten the sustainability of cultural heritage. This study aims to analyze the implementation of cultural heritage law and examine the contribution of Dayak customary law in strengthening sustainable cultural heritage protection in Central Kalimantan. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches. Data were collected through a literature review of primary and secondary legal materials and analyzed qualitatively. The findings reveal that the implementation of cultural heritage law still faces obstacles in designation, supervision, institutional capacity, and community participation. Meanwhile, Dayak customary law plays a significant role through local wisdom, customary norms, singer sanctions, and customary institutions that promote collective awareness and cultural preservation. The study highlights the importance of integrating national law and customary law to achieve more effective, participatory, and sustainable cultural heritage protection. ABSTRAK Permasalahan perlindungan warisan budaya di Indonesia masih ditandai oleh kesenjangan antara kuatnya regulasi hukum dan lemahnya implementasi di lapangan. Meskipun Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2010 tentang Cagar Budaya telah mengatur perlindungan budaya secara komprehensif, berbagai kendala seperti keterbatasan kelembagaan, rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat, serta tekanan pembangunan dan modernisasi masih mengancam keberlanjutan warisan budaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis implementasi hukum cagar budaya serta mengkaji kontribusi hukum adat Dayak dalam memperkuat perlindungan warisan budaya berkelanjutan di Kalimantan Tengah. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Data diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap bahan hukum primer dan sekunder yang dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi hukum cagar budaya masih menghadapi berbagai hambatan pada aspek penetapan, pengawasan, kelembagaan, dan partisipasi masyarakat. Di sisi lain, hukum adat Dayak berperan efektif melalui nilai kearifan lokal, norma adat, sanksi singer, serta kelembagaan adat yang mampu menjaga keberlanjutan budaya berbasis kesadaran kolektif. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya integrasi hukum nasional dan hukum adat untuk mewujudkan perlindungan warisan budaya yang lebih efektif, partisipatif, dan berkelanjutan.

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name
Muhamad Suhardi

Contact Email
jurnalp4i@gmail.com

Phone
+6285239967417

Journal Mail Official
jurnalp4i@gmail.com

Location
Unknown,

Unknown

INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Muhamad Suhardi

Contact Email jurnalp4i@gmail.com

Phone +6285239967417

Journal Mail Official jurnalp4i@gmail.com

Location Unknown, Unknown INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Muhamad Suhardi

Contact Email
jurnalp4i@gmail.com

Phone
+6285239967417

Journal Mail Official
jurnalp4i@gmail.com

Location
Unknown,

Unknown

INDONESIA