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Nurnadiyah Syuhada
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Prodi Ilmu Falak - Fakultas Syariah Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram, Jl. Gajah Mada 100, Jempong – Kota Mataram,Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB).
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Al-Afaq: Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram
ISSN : 26850176     EISSN : 27220176     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20414/afaq.v3i2
Core Subject : Science, Social,
Astronomy Earth & Planetary Sciences Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Jurnal Al-Afaq merupakan jurnal yang dibentuk oleh Prodi Ilmu Falak Fakultas Syariah Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Mataram. Jurnal ini membahas keilmuan Ilmu Falak terkait kajian arah kiblat, Hisab dan Rukyah awal Bulan Hijriah, Kalender Dunia dan Fenomena Gerhana. Selain itu, jurnal Al-Afaq juga membahas kaitan antara fenomena astronomi umum dengan kajian ilmu falak.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 191 Documents
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Uji Akurasi Jam Bencet dalam Menentukan Awal Waktu Salat Zuhur di Masjid Al-Muttaqin Desa Tanjunganyar Kecamatan Gajah Kabupaten Demak Ihsan Alwi, Ahmad; Amin, Muhammad Zakiyyul
AL - AFAQ : Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Desember 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/afaq.v5i2.7929

Abstract

Al-Muttaqin Mosque, Tanjunganyar Village, Gajah District, Demak Regency uses the bencet as a tool to determine prayer times, as its activity refers to the movement of the sun. In fact, the people there dub the bencet as “jam akhirat”. The purpose of this study is 1) to learn how to use bencet to determine Istiwa time, especially midday prayer time at Al-Muttaqin Mosque, Tanjunganyar Gajah Demak village. 2) To find out how accurate the bencet is at the start of determining the istiwa’ time at Al-Muttaqin Mosque, Tanjunganyar Gajah Demak village. This study is a descriptive analytical study in which all data were collected through observation, interviews, and note-taking techniques. Research results show that 1) the method used to determine the initial time for zuhur is referring to the mosque bell and then transforming it into the wall clock. That is, setting the long hand of the wall clock to the number 12 when the mosque bell shows the sun at zawal or the shadow of the gnomon right in the middle of the number 12 on the bell. For this case, 4 minutes of ihtiyat time is added. 2) Compared with the reckoning in Syawariq Al-Anwar's book, there is a difference of 00 0" 33.53' and the formula in the book Ilmu Falak 1 (Penentuan Awal Waktu Salat & Arah Kibat Seluruh Indonesia) has a difference of 00 00' 38.47", so that the jam at the Al-Muttaqin Mosque, Tanjunganyar Gajah Demak Village is classified as Bencet that is still accurate and well maintained.
Verification of the Qibla Direction of Jami' Nurul Huda Mosque, Cangakan Village, Kanor, Bojonegoro Jannah, Elly Uzlifatul; Idris Rahmat; Isna Putri Sa’adah; Imroatul Mufidah
AL - AFAQ : Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/afaq.v6i1.8475

Abstract

Jami' Nurul Huda Mosque is one of the oldest mosques in Bojonegoro, with an age of approximately one and a half centuries. This mosque was founded by a Mataram Islamic warrior named Ki Ageng Wiroyudo in 1846 AD or 1262 Hijri. The purpose of this research is to determine the accuracy of the qibla direction of Jami' Nurul Huda Mosque in Cangakan, Kanor, Bojonegoro. This research is a field study with a descriptive qualitative approach. The primary data sources used are interviews with the mosque's management and observations. The results of this research conclude that the qibla direction of Jami' Nurul Huda Mosque in Cangakan, Kanor, Bojonegoro, when measured using the Mizwala Qibla Finder, shows an azimuth value of 302° compared to the qibla azimuth value of 294° 41’59”, resulting in a difference of 8°. When calculated using Google Earth, the mosque building shows an azimuth value of 303°30’36” and a qibla azimuth value of 294°10'48". The importance of these research results for the local Muslim community lies in the certainty of the qibla direction, which is a crucial aspect in performing prayers. By knowing the correct qibla direction, worshippers can perform their prayers more devoutly and in accordance with Islamic law. The practical implications of this research include the potential adjustment of the mosque's qibla direction to enhance accuracy in worship and provide more accurate guidance for other mosques in the surrounding area. This can also raise awareness of the importance of regularly verifying the qibla direction, given the advancements in technology that allow for more precise measurements.
The Role of Ancient Egyptian Civilization in the Islamic Astronomical Revolution of the Abbasid Era Alpaten, Ulil Albab Al aulia; Mahsun; Izzuddin, Ahmad
AL - AFAQ : Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/afaq.v6i1.9493

Abstract

This study investigates the important role of Ancient Egyptian civilization in the development of science during the Abbasid era. Through a literature review, this study outlines the history of Ancient Egypt and its contribution to falak, explains the Abbasid era as a historical context, and analyzes the development of falak during the Abbasid period. Research methodology includes methods of resource analysis, collection of data from various sources, and application of relevant analytical techniques. The results showed that Ancient Egyptian civilization had a major role in the development of Abbasid Era science. This is seen in the transfer of knowledge, astronomical advances, translations of classical works, improvements to the Hijri calendar, and the impact on navigation. Innovation, recognition of cultural and knowledge diversity, and advances in science are driven by integration. The results suggest that the integration of culture and knowledge can enable the development of scientific knowledge. In the current context of global openness of science, this has relevance. This study enhances science and increases our understanding of how different civilizations affect science. This study concludes that Ancient Egyptian civilization had an important role in the progress of science in the Abbasid era, thus encouraging progress, foundation formation, and influence of science to this day.
Astronomical Analysis of Hilal Testimony Data: A Comprehensive Study of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia from 1962 – 2021 Sopwan, Novi; Alhamidi, Abu Dzarrin; Zulikrom, Muhammad Muadz; Humam, Muhammad Akbarul
AL - AFAQ : Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/afaq.v6i1.9810

Abstract

This study is a quantitative study of hilal position parameters in the report of the results of hilal testimony at the beginning of Ramadan, Shawwal, and Zulhijjah. A compilation of hilal testimony data from each Decree of the Minister of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia (KMA RI) from 1962 - 2021 was carried out. The position parameters, crucial for our analysis, were calculated with utmost precision for each hilal testimony data using the well-established and accurate VSOP87 and ELP91. There is a discrepancy between hilal testimony data and hilal visibility, which is used as a reference for hilal visibility. The results showed that all hilal testimony data is a hilal that is difficult to observe with the naked eye. Some testimonies show hilals that are impossible to detect. Another possibility is the presence of errors of observed objects other than hilal, such as a glowing cloud resembling the hilal, the appearance of the crescent of Venus that is suspected to be hilal, or the appearance of a lamp near the horizon that is identified as a suspected hilal. In the case of negative hilals that have been successfully observed, the possibility of miscalculation of the hilal position is also very high.
An Analysis of the Ancient Babylonian Calendar System and Its Similarities with the Hijri Calendar putra, Nur Afdal Purnama; M. Ihtirozun Ni’am
AL - AFAQ : Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): Desember 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/afaq.v6i2.9867

Abstract

The Babylonian calendar became one of the most widely followed calendar systems in the history of world civilisation because the Babylonian science was more developed than other nations of its time. One of the calendar systems that adopted the Babylonian calendar system was the Sippar and Elephantine calendars, all of which were in the Middle East, because of these developments it is possible that some lunar-based calendars in the Middle East have similarities with the Babylonian calendar including the Hijri calendar because Muslims were originally a nation living in Arabia (Middle East),  So in this research will be examine the similarities between the Babylonian calendar and the Hijri calendar in aspects of their calendar systems, such as the beginning of the day, the number of days and the beginning of the month. To find out this, the author uses a descriptive analytical literature research method. This research found five similarities between the two calendar systems, namely in terms of the object observed in the determination, the rule of the number of days, the method of determination, the determination of the government authority, and the same day cycle.
Scientific Analysis of Evaluating the Methodology of Confirming Hilal Observing Reports in Determining the Beginning of the Hijri Month Faizah, Nur Faizah; Ahmad Syifaul Anam
AL - AFAQ : Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/afaq.v6i1.9876

Abstract

The report of hilal rukyat observation has an important role in determining the beginning of the Kamariah month, especially the months of Ramadan, Shawwal, and Zulhijah. To avoid doubts about Hilal witness reports, a methodology is needed that can scientifically confirm the results of observers' witnesses. This research proposes the concept of methodology for confirming Hilal observation reports based on science by considering astrophysical elements such as atmospheric extinction, atmospheric pollution, sky and moon brightness, and sensitivity (acuity) of the human eye when reporting Hilal observations. This research uses a descriptive method to describe the situation that occurs in the field and uses a statistical approach to present the results of data analysis to support the framework. The results showed that computations were performed to test the validity of Hilal observation reports by referring to three components: source, link, and receiver. A methodology was developed as criteria in confirming Hilal witness reports, including reproducibility of observations, consistency with astronomical data, and validation by Falak authorities. The critical analysis involved a review of the literature on Hilal witness confirmation, an evaluation of the accuracy of the observer's rukyat with astronomical data, and an examination of the validity of the methods used.
Analysis of the Qibla Direction of the Pamekasan King's Cemetery Using the Magnetic Compass Method Yahya, Ahmad; Fathoni, Achmad Fathoni; Anis Sulalah; Hikmah, Hikmatul Karomah
AL - AFAQ : Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/afaq.v6i1.9891

Abstract

Analisis arah kiblat adalah mengamati posisi arah yang terletak dari seseorang menuju Ka’bah dan setiap Muslim wajib menghadapnya saat melakukan ibadah, baik sholat maupun menguburkan jenazah. Permasalahan muncul ketika penentuan arah kiblat pada masa lampau, karena tekhnologi yang belum memadai, termasuk yang terjadi pada arah kiblat pemakaman raja Pamekasan. Masyarakat setempat menilai empat dari lima arah kiblat pemakaman Raja Pamekasan kurang tepat. Pada penelitian ini mengangkat rumusan masalah yaitu faktor ketidaktepatan arah kiblat pemakaman Raja Pamekasan dan bagaimana analisis arah kiblat pemakaman Raja Pamekasan dengan menggunakan metode kompas magnetik. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian lapangan yang berfokus pada komplek pemakaman Ronggo Sukowati dan komplek pemakaman Lenduh, Pamekasan. Menggunakan jenis pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dalam mendeskripsikan hasil penelitian dengan analisis menggunakan metode kompas magnetik, Hasil dari penelitian ini, pertama, faktor utama terjadinya ketidaktepatan sebagian besar arah kiblat Pemakaman Raja Pamekasan  karena disebabkan pada masa itu Islam baru masuk dan berkembang, sehingga dalam proses penentuan arah kiblat pemakamannya menggunakan cara perkiraan. Kedua, setelah menganalisis arah kiblat pemakaman Raja Pamekasan menggunakan metode kompas magnetic, dari 5 pemakaman Raja Pamekasan, ternyata hanya 1 pemakaman yang mengarah ke arah kiblat yakni pemakaman Nyi Ageng Banowati. Hal ini selaras dengan asumsi masyarakat sekitar.
Codification Historical Astronomy Pre-Islamic Ancient Civilizations and Their Contributions to Islamic Astronomy Era Zufialina; Muhammad Syahrul; Nailul Alvi Hidayah
AL - AFAQ : Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/afaq.v6i1.9902

Abstract

As one of the oldest branches of science, astronomy existed in the centuries before Christ and was pioneered by several ancient civilizations. After Islam came, Astronomy was used for religious purposes which became known as Astronomy. This article aims to explore the forms of astronomical knowledge in several ancient civilizations before Islam and then look at the connection and contribution of this astronomical knowledge to the development of Islamic astronomy. This research is library research using qualitative analysis techniques (content analysis and relationship analysis). From the studies and literature reviews carried out, it was found that astronomical knowledge in several ancient civilizations before Islam was simple astronomy and was used for various needs, such as worship (in this case worshiping the Gods), agriculture, animal husbandry, predicting fate, determining direction, and political needs. Among the forms of contribution of ancient civilizations before the Islamic Astrolomy can be seen in various things, including calendars, zij (ephemeris), or tools such as the Mizwalah which were modified and adapted to Islamic guidance by Muslim Astronomers. Ancient civilizations before Islam also gave birth to many great figures and thinkers, who had a lot of influence on the development of Islamic Astronomy.
Study on the Analysis of Hilal Calc 3.0 Application in Determining the Beginning of the Kamariah Month Zar'ah, Nur Fajriani; Irfan
AL - AFAQ : Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/afaq.v6i1.9905

Abstract

This study was motivated by the researcher's attention to the many applications used in determining the beginning of the Kamariah month. One such application that is easy to use is Hilal Calc 3.0.  The Hilal Calc 3.0 application can calculate the beginning of the Kamariah month using the hilal visibility criteria, which is relatively old. Therefore, the focus of this research is to assess the accuracy and feasibility of using this application. The research adopts a descriptive evaluative approach in the field. The results of this study indicate that the Hilal Calc 3.0 application is relatively accurate. This is supported by the calculations using the Hilal Calc 3.0 application, which show small differences compared to the Ephemeris system hisab hakiki. The largest difference between the two method is found in the calculation of the beginning of the month of Ramadan 1443 H, with an elongation difference of 0° 4'57.54".Such differences in results can occur due to human error or technical issues.
Science in the Qur'an and its Impact on the Study of Astronomy Hasibuan, Alya Fathi Muhammad; Hizami Sabil; Abu Yazid Raisal
AL - AFAQ : Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/afaq.v6i1.9969

Abstract

Science in the Qur'an is a field of study that explores and analyzes Qur'anic verses related to knowledge and natural phenomena. The Qur'an as a holy book in Islam, not only serves as a spiritual guide, but also contains knowledge that is relevant to various aspects of life. There are so many verses of the Qur'an that contain information about the universe, astronomy, geography, biology, physics, and many other Qur'anic verses. The Qur'an gives an overview of the creation of the universe, the laws of nature, and the relationship between man and nature. In addition, the Qur'an also contains information about moral, psychological, and social ethics. The Qur’an is also a guide for humans in creating harmonious relationships in everyday life. The study of science in the Qur'an can provide a deeper understanding of the relationship between religion and science in Islam. This can help in developing a holistic and comprehensive perspective in understanding the universe and the role of humans in it. However, it is important to remember that the interpretation and understanding of Qur'anic verses needs to be done carefully taking into account the historical, linguistic, and cultural context. Science in the Qur'an must be seen as an ever-evolving field of research that requires an objective scientific approach. By studying science in the Qur'an, we can extract valuable and profound information about the universe from life as well as enrich our understanding of the relationship between religion and science

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