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Media Farmasi Indonesia
Published by Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Yayasan Pharmasi Semarang
ISSN : 19788495     EISSN : 26551462     DOI : https://doi.org/10.53359/mfi.v17i1
Core Subject : Health, Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Other
Media Farmasi Indonesia publishes original article in the all scopes of Pharmaceutical Science such as Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Drug Delivery System, Chemical Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Biology, Community and Clinical Pharmacy, Management Pharmacy, Alternative Medicines.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 207 Documents
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Hypnotic-Sedative Effectiveness Of Ethanol Extract Keji Beling (Strobilanthes Crispus) In Mice With Rotarod Test As An Indicator Of Motor Impairment Arikha Ayu Susilowati; Yanuar As’hari Cahyaningrum; Nurul Hidayati Mar’ah
Media Farmasi Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 2 (2025): Media Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU FARMASI YAYASAN PHARMASI SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53359/mfi.v20i2.334

Abstract

Insomnia is a sleep disorder that adversely affects the quality of life, mental and physical health. Treatment of insomnia often utilizes pharmacological therapies that have side effects. Keji beling (Strobilanthes crispus) contains secondary metabolites of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, and triterpenoids that have potential as natural sedatives and hypnotics. This study uses the rotarod test to detect motor impairment and evaluate the effectiveness of the ethanol extract of keji beling leaves (EEKB) as a hypnotic-sedative agent in mice. Extraction of keji beling by maceration using 96% ethanol, the extract was tested on mice in four groups: diazepam 5 mg, CMC Na 1%, and EEKB 600 and 1200 mg/kgBB. The parameter measured was the number of falls on the rotarod for 30 minutes after administration. EEKB showed decreased motor balance. The 1200 mg/kgBB dose produced the highest mean number of falls (25 times), followed by the 600 mg/kgBB dose (11.25 times), similar to the diazepam 5mg (16.75 times). Statistical analysis indicated that EEKB exerted a significant hypnotic-sedative effect by modulating GABA receptors. EEKB in doses of 600 and 1200 mg/kgBB has an effectiveness comparable to diazepam as a hypnotic tranquilizer, so it has the potential to be developed as a natural-based insomnia therapy agent.
Effectiveness Comparison of Aloe vera and 70% Alcohol Hand Sanitizers in Reducing Hand Microorganism Colonies Laurenz Diffa Yunanda; Masfiyah Masfiyah; Rahayu Rahayu
Media Farmasi Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 2 (2025): Media Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU FARMASI YAYASAN PHARMASI SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53359/mfi.v20i2.339

Abstract

Microbe-based infection transmission commonly occurs through hands, as hands harbor both normal microbiota and pathogenic microorganisms. The use of hand sanitizer is preferred by the public due to its practicality compared to handwashing. However, alcohol-based hand sanitizers can cause irritation and dryness of the skin. The availability of natural ingredient-based hand sanitizers remains limited. This study aims to analyze the difference in effectiveness between aloe vera-based hand sanitizer and 70% alcohol hand sanitizer in reducing the number of microorganism colonies on hands. This experimental study employed a Pre-Post Test Group Design. Samples were consecutively sampled from medical students at Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, using the glove juice method, with 20 samples per group. The percentage reduction in microorganism colony counts between the aloe vera-based hand sanitizer group and the 70% alcohol group was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. The results showed that the mean effectiveness in reducing microorganism colony counts after using alcohol-based hand sanitizer was 59.2%, while that of the aloe vera-based hand sanitizer was 37.97%. The Mann-Whitney test yielded a p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05). There is a significant difference in the effectiveness of aloe vera-based hand sanitizer compared to 70% alcohol hand sanitizer in reducing microorganism colony counts on hands. The 70% alcohol-based hand sanitizer was found to be more effective than the aloe vera-based formulation.
Formulation and SPF Evaluation of a Lip Oil Serum Combining Ethanol Extract of Butterfly Pea Flower and Lavender Oil Nurus Shobah Salsabila; Annisa Fatmawati; Sundari Desi Nuryanti; Emelda; Ade Puspitasari; Latifa Amalia
Media Farmasi Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 2 (2025): Media Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU FARMASI YAYASAN PHARMASI SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53359/mfi.v20i2.341

Abstract

Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation due to ozone layer depletion increases the risk of skin damage, particularly on the lips, which are more vulnerable due to their lack of melanin and sebaceous glands. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of a lip oil serum containing ethanol extract of butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) and lavender oil (Lavandula angustifolia). The formulation was prepared in a single base with four variants: a control (F0) and three active concentrations (F1, F2, F3). Physical evaluations included organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesion, and viscosity. The SPF values were assessed in vitro using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. All formulations demonstrated acceptable physical stability with pH values between 6.7–7.33, spreadability ranging from 6.85–7.34 cm, adhesion from 3.51–5.07 seconds, and viscosity from 777.6–839 cPS. The SPF increased proportionally with lavender oil concentration (F1 = 3.70, F2 = 4.09, F3 = 4.25), showing a strong positive correlation (r = 0.969). These findings suggest that the combined use of butterfly pea extract and lavender oil may offer mild UV protection and desirable physical properties, making it a promising candidate for natural, herbal-based lip care products.
The Studi Transformasi Deteksi Sinyal Farmakovigilans: Dari Spontaneous Reporting System (SRS) Menuju Integrasi Artificial Intelligence (AI): - Novita Diana Ayu Candra; Nur Muhammad Herunda Putra; Endang Darmawan
Media Farmasi Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 2 (2025): Media Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU FARMASI YAYASAN PHARMASI SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53359/mfi.v20i2.342

Abstract

Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) menjadi ancaman serius terhadap keselamatan pasien dan beban finansial sistem kesehatan global. Sistem pelaporan spontan (Spontaneous Reporting System/SRS) merupakan pendekatan tradisional utama dalam deteksi sinyal farmakovigilans, namun dibatasi oleh underreporting, keterlambatan pelaporan, dan bias pelapor. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pendekatan SRS dengan pendekatan berbasis Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam mendeteksi sinyal keamanan obat. Metode yang digunakan adalah kajian naratif literatur, dengan penelusuran literatur dari database yang sesuai kriteria inklusi yaitu artikel original dan terbit pada tahun 2015-2025. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dan disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa pelaporan ADR masih rendah akibat hambatan sistemik, namun dapat ditingkatkan melalui pelatihan dan intervensi multifaset. Integrasi AI, seperti model LGBM, dLBM, dan aTarantula, mampu mendeteksi ADR secara otomatis dengan akurasi tinggi, bahkan dari data tidak terstruktur. Kesimpulan artikel ini bahwa pendekatan integratif antara SRS dan AI merupakan strategi optimal untuk meningkatkan efektivitas deteksi sinyal farmakovigilans di masa depan, dengan menggabungkan kekuatan data real-world dari SRS dan kemampuan analitik canggih dari AI.
Variation in Time in Therapeutic Range (TTR) of Warfarin Use in Atrial Fibrillation Patients at Hospital X, Banten Anastasia Pramitaningastuti; Benny Setiawan; Chelseata Ria Rebeka Br Sitepu
Media Farmasi Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 2 (2025): Media Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU FARMASI YAYASAN PHARMASI SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53359/mfi.v20i2.345

Abstract

Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in adults. Stroke, resulting from thromboembolism, is the most frequent and severe complication associated with atrial fibrillation, and its prevention is a primary therapeutic goal. Anticoagulant therapy is the cornerstone for stroke prevention, with warfarin being the most commonly used anticoagulant. However, warfarin therapy poses a significant risk of bleeding, necessitating regular and strict monitoring. The Time in Therapeutic Range (TTR) is a parameter used to assess the quality of warfarin therapy management, reflecting the percentage of time a patient's INR remains within the target therapeutic range of 2.0–3.0. To evaluate the variation of Time in Therapeutic Range (TTR) and its association with complications in atrial fibrillation patients receiving warfarin therapy. TTR was calculated using the Rosendaal interpolation method. The risk of bleeding complications was assessed using the HAS-BLED score, and stroke risk was evaluated using the CHA₂DS₂-VASc score. This retrospective observational study included 78 atrial fibrillation patients receiving warfarin, whose medical records were collected from January to June 2022. Data were presented in tables and charts and analyzed descriptively. The study found that only 15.38% (12 patients) achieved the target TTR (>70%), while 84.62% (66 patients) had suboptimal TTR levels. Most patients with low TTR scores had moderate to high HAS-BLED and CHA₂DS₂-VASc scores, indicating an increased risk of bleeding and stroke.
The The Effect Of Watermelon Seed (Citrullus Lanatus (Thunb) Mansf.) Ethanol Extract Concentration And Soaking Duration On The In Vitro Dissolution Of Calcium Kidney Stones Agus Suprijono; Eka Susanti Hanhadyanaputri; Nia Dewi Kumalasari
Media Farmasi Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 2 (2025): Media Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU FARMASI YAYASAN PHARMASI SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53359/mfi.v20i2.346

Abstract

Kidney stones are a collection of mineral salts such as uric acid, phosphate, and calcium oxalate that form from substances that accumulate along the urinary tract. Kidney stones can cause pain in the back, waist, and lower abdomen. Therefore, efforts are needed to dissolve kidney stones, one of which is with watermelon seeds. Watermelon seeds contain flavonoids that are thought to be able to dissolve calcium kidney stones. The aims of this research was to determine whether the concentration of watermelon seed extract and the duration of soaking calcium kidney stones can dissolve calcium kidney stones in vitro. The object of the research was the concentration of calcium kidney stones dissolved after the addition of watermelon seed extract. Watermelon seed powder was extracted using a maceration method with 70% ethanol solvent, then make watermelon seed extract concentrations of 2%, 4%, and 6% and the kidney stones were soaked in the watermelon seed ethanol extract concentration for 3 and 5 hours. Analysis of the dissolved calcium kidney stones was measured used the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer method. Identification of the type of kidney stone was carried out used an FTIR spectrophotometer. The result research shows that watermelon seed extract with a concentration of 2%, 4%, and 6% can dissolve calcium kidney stones with a 3-hour soaking duration of 24.34 ppm, 69.87 ppm, and 137.06 ppm on average, while a 5-hour soaking duration of 31.61 ppm, 82.27 ppm, and 140.82 ppm on average. Statistical tests show that there is an effect of extract concentration and soaking time of kidney stones in dissolving calcium kidney stones in vitro and the longer the soaking time the larger the kidney stones that can be dissolved
The Effect of Ethanol Extract Concentration of Rapet Bark (Parameria laevigata (Juss.) Moldenke) in Feminine Hygiene Preparations on Antimicrobial Activity Eka Susanti Hp; Aries Koes Sundoro; Lutfhi Berlian Shandra; Erwin Indriyati; wulan kartika Sari; Ahmad Fuad Masduqi
Media Farmasi Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 2 (2025): Media Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU FARMASI YAYASAN PHARMASI SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53359/mfi.v20i2.349

Abstract

Rapet bark (Parameria laevigata (Juss.) Moldenke) is a natural material containing secondary metabolites that can be utilized as antimicrobial agents. This study aims to determine the effect of ethanol extract concentration of rapet bark in feminine hygiene formulations on the growth of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. The research employed an experimental method in the preparation of feminine hygiene products using ethanol extract of rapet bark at concentrations of FI (5%), FII (10%), and FIII (15%). The soap evaluation parameters included cycling test, organoleptic test, pH test, foam height test, irritation test, and antimicrobial activity test using the cylinder cup method with pour plate inoculation technique. The feminine hygiene formulations met the soap evaluation requirements, with antimicrobial activity against fungi of 11.53 ± 0.0354 (FII) and 12.55 ± 0.037 (FIII), and against bacteria of 11.29 ± 0.023 (FI), 12.56 ± 0.0444 (FII), and 15.11 ± 0.018 (FIII). Data analysis using one-way ANOVA showed a significance value (p < 0.05), indicating that each extract concentration differed significantly, thereby affecting the inhibition zone against fungi and bacteria.
Analysis of the Quality of Antibiotic Use in Pediatric Inpatients with Bronchopneumonia Intan Sari; Sri Haryanti; Budi Raharjo
Media Farmasi Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026): Media Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU FARMASI YAYASAN PHARMASI SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53359/mfi.v21i1.333

Abstract

Bronchopneumonia is lobular pneumonia characterized by the presence of infected areas with spots approximately 3-4 cm in diameter surrounding and involving the bronchi. The improper selection of antibiotics can lead to bacterial resistance and high treatment costs due to prolonged hospital stays. The aim of the study is to determine the appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions using the Geyssens method. Data collection was conducted retrospectively based on the medical records of inpatients at RS Roemani Muhammadiyah Semarang for the period of April – June 2024. The qualitative analysis of empirical antibiotic prescriptions was evaluated using the Gyssens method. The number of pediatric inpatients with bronchopneumonia who met the inclusion criteria was 109 patients. There were 65 male patients (59.63%) and 44 female patients (40.36%), with the most common age being 2 years old (22%), and the average length of stay was four days. Ceftriaxone is the antibiotic that is frequently used. Evaluation of the appropriateness of prescriptions based on the Gyssens method yielded a total of 146 antibiotic regimens from 109 patients due to the combination of antibiotic use and the replacement of antibiotic therapy during hospitalization. Appropriate antibiotic prescriptions (58.9%) and inappropriate (41.1%).
The Antioxidant and DPP-4 Inhibitory Potential of n-Hexane, Ethyl Acetate, and Aqueous Fractions From Potential Avicennia marina Fruit Retno Utomo; Kyky Herlyanti; Dwi Hadi Setya Palupi; M. Noufal Hafidh
Media Farmasi Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026): Media Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU FARMASI YAYASAN PHARMASI SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53359/mfi.v21i1.336

Abstract

Avicennia marina is one type of mangrove plant fruit that can be utilized for medical purposes through natural ingredients,one of which is the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Avicennia marina contains secondarynmetabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids that have antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. The aim of this study is to determine the potential of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water fractions of Avicennia marina fruit as antioxidants using DPPH method and their antidiabetic activity through the inhibition of the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) in vitro. The sample used fruit of avicennia marina, which was extracted using maceration methode with 96% ethanol for 3x24 hours. The obtained extract was fractinationated stepwise using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water as solvents. The test results on the n-hexane fraction showed antioxidant activity with an IC₅₀ value of 77.744 µg/mL and a DPP-4 inhibition percentage of 18.07%; the ethyl acetate fraction had an IC₅₀ value of 45.2738 µg/mL and a DPP-4 inhibition of 64.04%; while the water fraction had an IC₅₀ of 95.6466 µg/mL with a DPP-4 inhibition percentage of 43.99%. Based on these results, the ethyl acetate fraction of the api-api fruit shows the highest potential both as an antioxidant and as a DPP-4 enzyme inhibitor.
Identification Of Rhodamine-B And Characteristics Of Bulk Strawberry Jam In Yogyakarta City Market Nanda Novie Anggraini; Diah Puspitasari; Kurnia Mar’atus Solichah
Media Farmasi Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026): Media Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU FARMASI YAYASAN PHARMASI SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53359/mfi.v21i1.343

Abstract

Food safety is a crucial aspect in ensuring health, especially by ensuring that food products are free from hazardous substances. Rhodamine-b is a hazardous synthetic dye used in non-food industries such as paper, ink, and textiles, but its use in food products is prohibited because it is toxic and potentially triggers health issues. Nevertheless, its use is still often found in food as a red dye, including bulk jams sold without trademarks or BPOM distribution permits. Bulk jam, especially strawberry jam, is often given additional coloring to enhance its visual appeal. Thus, this study aims to detect the presence of Rhodamine-b qualitatively and quantitatively, as well as to determine the characteristics of bulk strawberry jam circulating in the Yogyakarta City Market. The research was conducted using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Qualitative tests were conducted using a Rhodamine-b test kit, while quantitative tests were performed using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry. Market sample collection was carried out using random sampling techniques at 12 markets. Sample collection was done directly at the designated markets. The research results show that no Rhodamine-b content was found in all samples of bulk strawberry jam in Yogyakarta City, both qualitatively and quantitatively, and this is further supported by color testing which did not show any color indicating the presence of Rhodamine-b. The pH testing results indicated that all samples had an appropriate pH. However, 9 out of 12 samples had an appropriate sugar content. This research is expected to contribute to supporting stricter food safety monitoring and raising consumer awareness of the dangers of illegal synthetic dyes in food products. Keyword: Jam; Rhodamine-b; test kit; UV-Vis spectrophotometry

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