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Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR)
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 24072354     EISSN : 24770612     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/psr
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Aims Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR), an international, peer-reviewed, open access, and official journal from Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, aims to disseminate research results and findings in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Practices. Major area of interest is natural products in drug discovery and development. We also consider other areas related to pharmaceutical sciences and practices. PSR publishes content in English language to promote the sharing of knowledge to international scholars. PSR publish 5 types of articles: 1. Original article 2. Case report 3. Case series 4. Review article 5. Mini review article Scope Researches in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Practices which are covered by PSR are within these subject areas: - Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry - Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Pharmaceutical Technology - Pharmaceutical Biotechnology - Clinical Pharmacy - Pharmacology-Toxicology - Social and Administrative Pharmacy, including Pharmacoeconomy
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Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 5, No. 2" : 12 Documents clear
Pembuatan dan Mikroenkapsulasi Ekstrak Etanol Biji Jinten Hitam Pahit (Nigella sativa Linn.) Sugindro, Sugindro; Mardliyati, Etik; Djajadisastra, Joshita
Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian Vol. 5, No. 2
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The aim of this study is to convert Nigella sativa black seed extract from liquid phase into solid phase by microencapsulation using spray drying method. The benefits hoped from this research are obtaining the dry extract to be formulated into pharmaceutical variable dosage forms in order to increase the usefulness and variability products of Nigella sativa black seed extract. The spray drying method was done by adding Nigella sativa black extract into the gum arabic and maltodextrin solution. The evaluation of microencapsulated extract is including drug content, encapsulation efficiency, flow properties, compressibility, angle of repose, moisture content, particel size distribu-tion and microstructure of microcapsules. The result showed that microencapsula-tion of Nigella sativa black seed extract can be produced by spray drying method. The highest microencapsulation efficiency is at the coating solution concentration of 20% (gum arabic : maltodextrin = 50 : 50) and Nigella sativa black extract percentage of 30%.
Perbandingan Efikasi Beberapa Kombinasi Antiretroviral pada Pasien HIV/AIDS ditinjau dari Kenaikan Jumlah CD4 Rata-Rata (Analisis Data Rekam Medis Di RSK Dharmais Jakarta Tahun 2005 – 2006) Rahmadini, Yulian; Andrajati, Retnosari; Andalusia, Rizka
Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian Vol. 5, No. 2
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Dharmais Cancer Hospital is one of 237 hospital appointed by the government of Indonesia to give treatment, support and ARV therapy for HIV/AIDS patients. Ev-ery year, there is a significant increasing number of HIV/AIDS patients in Dharmais Cancer Hospital, therefore successfully of therapy is needed to be carried out regularly for the optimum result to the patients. One of methods to evaluating therapy is by reviewing efficacy of ARV combinations toward escalation of immunity respond (es-calation of CD4). The ARV combinations give a good efficacy if increasing CD4 > 50 cell/mm3. The objective of this study was to know the efficacy of four ARV combina-tion (each type consists of two Nucleosides Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor and one Non-Nucleosides Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor) base on increasing CD4 mean HIV/AIDS patients after 6 – 12 months treatment in Dharmais Cancer Hospital from 2005 – 2006, and to compare the efficacy of four ARV combinations. The four ARV combinations are combination I (Lamivudin + Zidovudin + Efavirenz), combina-tions II (Lamivudin + Zidovudin + Nevirapin), combination III (Lamivudin + Stavudin + Efavirenz), and combination IV (Lamivudin + Stavudin + Nevirapin). This study was analytical, cross-sectional design. Samples for this study were taken by total sampling using all data of HIV/AIDS patients in Dharmais Cancer Hospital from the year 2005 – 2006. The inclusion criteria were patients of fifteen years of age or more, baseline count CD4 < 200 cell/mm3, received ARV treatment for 6 – 12 months, received treatment of either one of the four ARV combination, and had data of CD4 from laboratory result before and after the treatment. Data were taken from patients’ medical record and analyzed with ANOVA-test. The result of this study from 151 patients showed that all the four combinations gave good efficacy based on the increasing CD4 mean. There was a significant difference increasing CD4 mean to HIV/AIDS patients between those received ARV combination II and those received ARV combination III (p value = 0,032). And there was not a significant difference for the other combinations. This study was from the four ARV combinations gave two the best efficacy are combination II and combination III.
Validasi Metode Penetapan Kadar Dehidrolovastatin Dalam Plasma In Vitro Dengan KCKT Hariyanto, Gogok; Kardono, L. Broto Sugeng; Mansyur, Umar
Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian Vol. 5, No. 2
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Statins are antihyperlipidemic drugs for lowering LDL-cholesterol level in human blood. They were designed to inhibit HMG CoA reductase in the liver so that the enzyme will not catalyze the transformation of HMG CoA into early precursor of LDL-cholesterol. Dehydrolovastatin is a kind of statins whose structure is analogous to lovastatin (its starting material). The aim of this study was to validate method for in vitro analysis of dehidrolovastatin in plasm. The validation included studies of calibration curve and linearity, LLOQ and selectivity, accuracy, precision, recovery,and stability. Dehidrolovastatin was deteminated by Knauer ® HPLC using UV 2500 detector, Kromasil ® 100-5, C18, 250 mm, 4.6 mm i.d., column. Reversed phase was applied with the optimal condition such as mobile phase acetonitrile and phosphoric acid 0.1 % (75:25), the flow rate of 1.2 mL. minutes -1, simvastatin as internal standard and wavelength 238 nm. Concentrations of sample ranged from 0.013 to 0.200 ppm with correlation coefficient of the calibration curves 0,998 and lower limit of quantitation was 0.013 ppm. The results of validation studies fulfilled standard criteria.
Pengembangan Metode Induksi Tukak Lambung Saputri, Fadlina Chany; Sari, Santi Purna; Munim, Abdul
Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian Vol. 5, No. 2
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Scientific evaluation on pharmacological activity of medicinal herbs required repro-ducible and valid method-induced ulcer models in animal. In this study, the method of antiulcerogenic effect was investigated using several inducers. The male white Sprague-Dawley rats divided into five groups which were orally administrated water, indomethacin (48 mg/kg bw), aspirin-HCl (150 mg/kg bw), 96% ethanol (1 ml/200 g bw), and 80% ethanol (1 ml/200 g bw), respectively. The result of this study showed that the group was induced with 80% ethanol demonstrated the highest ulcer index. Histological examination of the stomach showed abnormality of mucosa cells on the aspirin-HCl, 96% ethanol, and 80% ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in rats.
Pola Pengobatan Fluor Albus Di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Serta Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhinya (Analisis Data Rekam Medik Tahun 2006-2007) Rusdi, Numlil Khaira; Trisna, Yulia; Soemiati, Atiek
Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian Vol. 5, No. 2
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The objectives of this study were to know (1) Patients’ characteristics (2) The most etiology of leucorrhoea (3) Association between clinical manifestations or genital symp-toms with etiology of leucorrhoea (4) Therapy management of leucorrhoea by obstet-ric-gynecologist and venereologist (5) Factors influenced the treatment of leucorrhoea (6) Compliance with hospital therapeutic guidelines. The study was cross sectional and retrospective. A total of 437 patients hospitalized from January 2006-December 2007 were included. The results showed that leucorrhoea was found in 17,6% of patients at sexually transmitted disease clinic and 82,4% of patients at obstetric-gynecology clinic. The majority of patients were in productive age, married, and housewife, with most of genital symptoms were pruritus and curd-like vaginal dis-charge. The most of etiology leucorrhoea in this study was candidiasis. Statistically, there were association between genital symptoms with candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis (p<0,05). The specific genital symptoms of candidiasis were pruritus and curd-like vaginal discharge, whereas for bacterial vaginosis were homogeneous and increased vaginal discharge. There were different treatments of vaginal discharge be-tween obstetric-gynecologist and venereologist. For candidiasis, the obstetric-gyne-cologist preferred to use fluconazole, and metronidazole+nystatin (Flagistatin®); whereas the venereologist used clotrimazole and itraconazole. For bacterial vaginosis, obstet-ric-gynecologist used clindamycin and metronidazole+nystatin (Flagistatin®), while venereologist preferred to use metronidazole. For trichomoniasis there was no different treatment between obstetric-gynecologist and venereologist. In pregnancy, antibiot-ics used to treat leucorrhoea were clindamycin, fluconazole, metronidazole+nystatin (Flagistatin®), metronidazole, and nystatin. Prescribing compliance with the hospi-tal therapeutics guidelines were 37,8%. The type of antibiotics used were azitromycin, clindamycin, clotrimazole, doxycycline, fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, and metronidazole. Statistics analysis by Logistic regression (Cl 95%) showed that factors influenced the treatment of leucorrhoea included genital symptoms (OR = 0,975), risk factors (OR = 0,917), etiology (OR = 1,103), and comorbid diseases (OR = 1,387).
Pemeriksaan Bakteriologis Air Minum Isi Ulang Di Beberapa Depo Air Minum Isi Ulang Di Daerah Lenteng Agung dan Srengseng Sawah Jakarta Selatan Radji, Maksum; Oktavia, Heria; Suryadi, Herman
Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian Vol. 5, No. 2
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Recently, refilled drinking water stores are flourishing in the some cities of Indonesia. This research tries to find out the quality of refilled drinking water at some shop in Jagakarsa, South Jakarta. The samples of refilled drinking water were taken from thir-teen shops around Lenteng Agung and Srengseng Sawah, Jagakarsa area. The bacte-riological test of refilled drinking water was to detect the availability of Coliform bacteria and identification of some bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Sal-monella, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It had been concluded that two of thirteen samples of refilled drinking water had the total number of bacteria above of the limit number according to the standard about the quality and requirement of drinking water. Four of the thirteen samples contain Sta-phylococcus aureus and none of the samples contain Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Clostridium perfringens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
L-citrulline as Alternative Pharmacological Substance in Protecting Against Cardiovascular Disease Laurentius, Andrea; Wikanendra, Gregorius Bhaskara; Cong, Tzeto Han; Arozal, Wawaimuli
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 5, No. 2
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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has taken up to average 30% of death diagnoses in the world. Prevalent attempts of physicians to treat this disease came down to focus on using drugs with their specific mechanism of action. Since the method only cures the symptoms and need to be pharmacologically monitored, physicians and scientists have been struggling to find other treatment strategies. This problem led us to search for another substance dealing with CVD via preventive therapy, which does not require such close monitoring by physicians in its use. The answer relies on using L-citrulline as potential therapeutics in treating and preventing CVDs. This compound, found mostly in Citrus sp., contains chemical traits that could affect other bodily substances with its metabolic pathways. It has several functions, but boosting NO production is the dominant one in the cardiovascular system. By enhancing NO bioavailability, it suppresses the risk of having myocardial oxidative stress due to ischemia, cardiac pressure-overload, and post-infarct reperfusion. Thus, understanding of L-citrulline effects on endothelial NOS pathway in the generation of NO and its uncoupling mechanisms could be used as a foundation in developing alternative treatment and prevention of oxidative stress-induced CVD.
Diferensiasi Gelatin Sapi dan Gelatin Babi pada Gummy Vitamin C Menggunakan Metode Kombinasi Spektroskopi Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) dan Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Zilhadia, Zilhadia; Kusumaningrum, Farida; Betha, Ofa Suzanti; Supandi, Supandi
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 5, No. 2
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Gelatin is a polypeptide obtained by partial hydrolysis of collagen derived from skin and bones of bovine and porcine. It has an essential component for the manufacture of gummy vitamin C as a gel-forming agent. The porcine gelatin is haram for moslems. This study was conducted to differentiate bovine gelatin and porcine gelatin in vitamin C gummy by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) combined with PCA. Gelatin was extracted from vitamin C gummy by using acetone at -20ºC and analyzed at wave number 4000-750 cm-1. The spectrum of both bovine and porcine gelatin extract from vitamin C gummy have almost the same number absorption that can not be distinguished. Therefore, the spectrum was analyzed by PCA. PCA result, represented with the plot score, showed that both bovine and porcine gelatin extracted has a clear dictinction. PCAcombined FTIR could differentiate of them. This study obtained that the commercial vitamin C gummy contained bovine gelatin.
The Development of a Questionnaire on Factors Affecting Non Adherence Behavior among Indonesian Elderly Population Makkulawu, Andi; Setiadi, Adji Prayitno; Rahardjo, Tri Budi Wahyuni; Setiawan, Eko
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 5, No. 2
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Instruments which can be used to identify factors affecting the medication adherence of elderly with diabetes mellitus (DM) have not been discovered in Indonesia. The objective of this study was to develop a questionnaire to identify factors affecting elderly patients’ medication adherence. The development of the questionnaire was conducted based on published references attained through the exploration of research evidence with several keywords and databases. Content validity was conducted using experts’ assessment (two experts). Face validity was conducted in 13 subjects including seven (7) non-elderly subjects and six (6) elderly subjects. Construct validity test was conducted based on calculated R against table R while reliability test was conducted with Cronbach’s Alpha. There were 30 elderly subjects included in the construct validity. Present study produced a valid and reliable questionnaire comprising 35 questions in 14 subcategories from 4 factor domains with the calculated R = 0.357-0.788 and Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.934. The questionnaire can be used for further research throughout Indonesia. Hence, a complete overview of factors affecting elderly DM patients’ medicine consumption adherence can be obtained. The identification of factors related to the usage of DM patients’ medicine is expected to serve as a base for the government, both of state and local government, to produce policies related to health interventions to be implemented.
Aktivitas Antinosiseptif Fraksi Diklorometana Daun Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) Rute Oral Pada Mencit Jantan Swiss Luliana, Sri; Robiyanto, Robiyanto; Islamy, Muhamad Rido
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 5, No. 2
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Kratom leaves (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) is known to have an opioid-like analgesic effect. One of the main compound in kratom leaf is mitragynine which has strong affinity to opioid receptor. Kratom leaf has many pharmacological effects, one of them is as an antinoceptive agent. The purpose of this research to investigate the antinociceptive effect of dicholoromethane fraction from kratom leaf and determine the percentage of antinociceptive on male Swiss mice. The method used in this study was hot plate method. The animal subjects were divided to five groups: normal group CMC Na 0.5%, morphine 5.46 mg/kgBW, dicholoromethane fraction of kratom leaf doses 70, 140, and 280 mg/kgBW respectively. The subject response like jump, lick or lift up the back leg was considered as latent time parameter. The latent time was recorded at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 105 and 120 minutes with cut-off time 15 seconds. Result data were analysed using One Way ANOVA and Post Hoc Test LSD. It showed the antinociceptive effect of discholoromethane fraction at dose 70, 140 and 280 mg/kgBW were significantly difference (p<0,05) with normal group. The conclusion of this study is the discholoromethane fraction of kratom leaf has antinociceptive activity. The percentage of antinocicetiptive from fraction group at dose 280 mg/kgBW(86%) was higher than the other two dose-groups (140 and 70 mg/kgBW) which were 81% and 51%.

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