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Journal of Public Health Sciences
Published by Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research
ISSN : 29619106     EISSN : 29618681     DOI : https://doi.org/10.56741/jphs.v1i02
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Journal of Public Health Sciences is an international peer-reviewed journal publishing original and high-quality papers in all aspects of the science and practice of public health. As an academic exchange media, scientists and researchers can know the up-to-date trends and seek valuable sources. The subject areas include, but are not limited to the following fields: public health practice, epidemiology, health promotion, health service effectiveness, public health governance, disease prevention, and public health evaluation.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 124 Documents
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Exploring Breast Cancer Stigma Among Family Caregivers in Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study Dewi Mustikaningsih; Popy Siti Aisyah; Maya Sukmayati
Journal of Public Health Sciences Vol. 5 No. 03 (2026): In Press - Journal of Public Health Sciences
Publisher : The Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56741/IISTR.jphs.002214

Abstract

Stigma among family-caregivers of women with breast cancer remains a poorly understood barrier to quality care, particularly in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite their crucial role in supporting patients, evidence on caregiver stigma remains limited. This study aimed to examine stigma among family-caregivers in Indonesia, identify the predominant stigma domains, and explore associated sociodemographic factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 92 family-caregivers recruited from 80 Community Health Centers in Bandung, Indonesia. Participants completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics and the Family Caregiver Stigma Questionnaire, comprising four domains: internal stigma, social isolation, perceived stigma, and reactions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Friedman and Bonferroni post hoc tests, and multiple linear regression. Overall stigma was high, with a median score of 1.00, 84.6% of the maximum score. Pairwise comparisons showed that internal stigma and social isolation were significantly more prominent than the other stigma domains. No significant differences were found between perceived stigma and reactions or between internal and perceived stigma. Multiple linear regression showed no significant associations between stigma and age, sex, education, or relationship with the patient p > 0.05. These findings indicate that caregiver stigma is primarily characterized by internalized negative beliefs and social isolation rather than demographic characteristics. This study provides novel evidence on the multidimensional nature of caregiver stigma in Indonesia and highlights priority targets for intervention. Culturally appropriate psychoeducational and family-centered strategies should focus on reducing internal stigma and strengthening social connectedness. Future studies should examine psychosocial determinants to develop more targeted anti-stigma interventions.
Multimodal Education and Simulation Training for Emergency Response Knowledge among ‘Aisyiyah Cadres Merita Arini; Ekorini Listiowati; Al Afik; Harumi Iring Primastuti; Suratini; Nina Dwi Lestari; Zubaida Rohmawati; Bima Ananta Putra; Habib Laksmana Prima; Fitri Andriyani; Miura Ayudini Kuswara; Zahra Nadira; Khofidhotur Rofiqoh; Chintya Puspa Ayu Tirta; Agus Suharto
Journal of Public Health Sciences Vol. 5 No. 03 (2026): In Press - Journal of Public Health Sciences
Publisher : The Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56741/IISTR.jphs.002283

Abstract

Timely and appropriate community response to medical and environmental emergencies remains a critical public health concern, particularly in settings with limited access to immediate professional care. Gaps in community knowledge of first aid and basic emergency response continue to constrain early action at the grassroots level. As a community-based organization, ‘Aisyiyah plays a strategic role in strengthening emergency response capacity through its cadres. This study examined changes in emergency response knowledge following community-based education and simulation training among ‘Aisyiyah cadres. A quasi-experimental single-group pre–post design without a control group was conducted among 34 cadres who participated in structured educational sessions, hands-on simulations, and role-play activities focusing on burn management and Basic Life Support (BLS). Knowledge was assessed using a validated true–false questionnaire and analysed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test with effect size estimation. The results showed significant improvements across all domains. The median overall knowledge score increased from 80 (IQR=13) to 90 (IQR=0) (p<0.001) with a large effect size (r=0.56). Burn management knowledge reached the maximum score for all participants after the intervention (median=50; IQR=0), indicating a strong standardisation effect. BLS knowledge also improved significantly (p=0.003) with a moderate effect size (r=0.36), although variability in improvement was observed. These findings highlight the potential of multimodal, community-based training as an entry point for strengthening emergency response knowledge. Achieving optimal and sustained outcomes requires training continuity, periodic reinforcement, and integration with broader community health and disaster management systems through cross-sectoral collaboration.
Smoking Status and Risk of Opportunistic Infections among Individuals Living with HIV: A Meta-Analysis Muhamad Zakki Saefurrohim; Muhammad Anshory
Journal of Public Health Sciences Vol. 5 No. 03 (2026): In Press - Journal of Public Health Sciences
Publisher : The Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56741/IISTR.jphs.002286

Abstract

Opportunistic infections (OIs) remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Smoking may impair immune system function and increase susceptibility to infection. However, its association with OIs in PLWHA remains understudied. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between smoking status and OIs among PLWHA. Relevant research reports were identified through searches of Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. English-language studies published between 2011 and 2021 from various countries, including Korea, Ethiopia, and Turkey, were included in the analysis. The pooled estimate was calculated using a fixed-effects model and expressed as an odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Six observational studies examining the association between smoking status and the incidence of OIs in PLWHA were analyzed in this meta-analysis. The results showed that smoking significantly increased the risk of OIs with a pooled OR of 1.76 (95% CI: 1.27–2.45). No significant heterogeneity was found between studies (I²=0%; p=0.86). A study by Kim et al. (2016) in Korea reported the highest OR of 2.27 (95% CI: 1.22–4.22), while a study by Wachamo et al. (2020) in Ethiopia showed the lowest OR of 1.03 (95% CI: 0.28–3.79). The most common OI among PLWHA was candidiasis/oral candidiasis with a prevalence of 28.8%. smoking-cessation interventions should be integrated into HIV care to reduce OI-related morbidity and mortality.
Domain-Specific Digital Health Literacy and Functional Engagement with E-Health Services in Primary Care: A Study from Surabaya, Indonesia Titin Wahyuni; Eka Wilda Faida; Alfina Aisatus Saadah; Krisnita Dwi Jayanti
Journal of Public Health Sciences Vol. 5 No. 03 (2026): In Press - Journal of Public Health Sciences
Publisher : The Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56741/IISTR.jphs.002320

Abstract

Digital health systems have been increasingly integrated into primary care globally. In Indonesia, Surabaya’s municipal e-health programme has operated since 2013. Despite prolonged availability, face-to-face care remains dominant at community health centres (Puskesmas), suggesting that service availability alone may not ensure functional user engagement. This study described overall and domain-specific digital health literacy among primary care users and explored its associations with sociodemographic factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 adult users with prior e-health experience at an urban Puskesmas in Surabaya, using the eHealth Literacy Questionnaire (eHLQ). Descriptive statistics and Kendall’s tau-b correlation were used to examine overall and domain-level literacy and associations with age, educational attainment, and income. Overall digital health literacy was generally moderate to high, with 39% high, 36% moderate, and 25% low. Domain-specific analysis showed that the ability to actively engage with digital services had the highest proportion of low literacy (41%), followed by the ability to use technology to process health information (37%). Understanding of health concepts and language had the highest mean score, with most respondents falling into the moderate or high categories. Age showed a weak negative association, education a weak positive association, and income was not statistically significant. The findings suggest that functional engagement with e-health services is domain-specific and shaped by factors beyond access alone, underscoring the need for usability-focused design, integrated user support, and inclusive primary care strategies.
Assessing Baby Food Labelling Compliance with the Food and Drug Authority Standards in Ghana Vicentia Dapaah; Oscar Agyemang Opoku; Samuel Sebe Mensah
Journal of Public Health Sciences Vol. 5 No. 03 (2026): In Press - Journal of Public Health Sciences
Publisher : The Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56741/IISTR.jphs.001135

Abstract

The literature is silent about labelling compliance by manufacturers of baby food as required by the Food and Drugs Law, 1992, and specified by the Ghana Food and Drug Authority (FDA), as compared to other facets such as consumer attitude and knowledge about food labelling, factors that influence consumers on food labelling. This study evaluated the degree to which infant food manufacturers in Ghana adhere to the requirements set forth by the FDA on food labelling. The study used a quantitative approach, where a checklist was used to gather data from 104 baby food products in various channels such as stall/shops, supermarkets, and malls in Kumasi. With SPSS software, the data were analysed using frequencies and percentages as well as the chi-square test. The study found that more foreign companies were involved in the manufacturing of baby food products in the Ghanaian market as compared to the local manufacturers. Baby food manufacturers highly comply with the FDA standards regarding food labelling. Also, there was a significant difference between foreign baby food producing companies and their compliance level with FDA standards and that of local baby food producing companies and their compliance level with FDA standards in Ghana. More foreign companies comply highly with food labelling. Therefore, monitoring and inspection team of the FDA should intensify their monitoring and inspection activities, especially, among the locally baby food producers. Moreover, the FDA, in collaboration with the association in charge of baby food producers, should organise annual meetings to sensitize the companies about the essence of food labelling and its effect on the consumer.
The Impact of Multisensory Audio-Visual Education on Observed Handwashing Skills Among Second-Grade Elementary School Children Siti Dewi Rahmayanti; Asep Tatan Solehudin; Nunung Nurjanah
Journal of Public Health Sciences Vol. 5 No. 03 (2026): In Press - Journal of Public Health Sciences
Publisher : The Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56741/IISTR.jphs.002058

Abstract

Handwashing with soap is a critical preventive behaviour for reducing infectious disease transmission among school-aged children. Despite awareness of its importance, many children demonstrate inadequate handwashing techniques, reflecting limited procedural skill acquisition. Educational strategies that emphasize skill-based learning and engage multiple sensory modalities may be more effective, particularly for younger elementary school students. This study evaluated the effect of multisensory audio-visual education on observed handwashing skills among second-grade elementary school children. Methods: A cluster quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a control group was conducted among 200 second-grade elementary school students. Participants were allocated by classroom into intervention (n=100) and control (n=100) groups. Handwashing skills were assessed using a standardized observation checklist. Data were analyzed using generalized estimating equations (GEE) to examine the effects of group, time, and group-by-time interaction while accounting for repeated measurements. The findings indicate that baseline handwashing skills were comparable between groups. Following the intervention, the intervention group demonstrated substantial improvements in observed handwashing performance, whereas the control group showed only minimal changes. Generalized estimating equation analysis showed a significant group-by-time interaction (β = 27.60, SE = 2.90, p < 0.001), with a large intervention effect (Cohen's d = 1.45). Overall, multisensory audio-visual education effectively enhances handwashing skills among early elementary school children and supports its integration into school-based hygiene promotion programs.
Having a Primary Care Physician: Individual and Community Characteristics in Japan Ryosuke Sugiura; Yasuharu Tokuda; Gautam Deshpande; Cathy J. Bradley; Sachiko Ohde; Takahiro Tabuchi
Journal of Public Health Sciences Vol. 5 No. 02 (2026): Journal of Public Health Sciences
Publisher : The Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56741/IISTR.jphs.002178

Abstract

Primary care is vital for disease prevention, but factors influencing access to primary care physicians (PCPs) in Japan are not well understood. Using data from 28,481 respondents in the 2023 JACSIS survey, we analyzed demographic, health, and community characteristics associated with having a PCP. The proportion of individuals with a PCP was lowest in the early thirties and increased with age. Employment demands, child-rearing responsibilities, living alone, and weak community ties were Primary care is vital for disease prevention, but factors influencing access to primary care physicians (PCPs) in Japan are not well understood. Using data from 28,481 respondents in the 2023 JACSIS survey, we analyzed demographic, health, and community characteristics associated with having a PCP. The proportion of individuals with a PCP was lowest in the early thirties and increased with age. Employment demands, child-rearing responsibilities, living alone, and weak community ties were associated with a lower likelihood of having a PCP, while older age, chronic conditions, health-conscious behaviors, and strong community relationships increased PCP access. Mental health issues and a history of drug use were associated with lower PCP proportions. Our findings suggest that improving PCP access in vulnerable groups requires attention to health literacy, time availability, and community support, rather than focusing solely on income or education. Targeted efforts may help increase PCP utilization among those most in need.associated with lower likelihood of having a PCP, while older age, chronic conditions, health-conscious behaviors, and strong community relationships increased PCP access. Mental health issues and a history of drug use were associated with lower PCP proportions. Our findings suggest that improving PCP access in vulnerable groups requires attention to health literacy, time availability, and community support, rather than focusing solely on income or education. Targeted efforts may help increase PCP utilization among those most in need.
Enhancing Preventive Service Coverage and Digital Local Area Monitoring Quality: A Quasi-Experimental Study of Life Cycle-Based Integrated Primary Care Posyandu in Rural Communities Tuti Rohani; Yunita Theresiana
Journal of Public Health Sciences Vol. 5 No. 03 (2026): In Press - Journal of Public Health Sciences
Publisher : The Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56741/IISTR.jphs.002197

Abstract

Strengthening primary health care through integrated, life-course approaches is essential to improve preventive service delivery and health system performance. In Indonesia, the transformation of Posyandu into an Integrated Primary Care (ILP) platform aims to enhance service coverage and digital monitoring through Local Area Monitoring (PWS). This study assessed the effect of Integrated Primary Care Posyandu on preventive service coverage and digital PWS quality at the village level. A quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group was conducted between September 2025 and January 2026 in Yogyakarta Province, involving 840 participants. The intervention included life-cycle–based integrated services and the use of digital monitoring tools. Outcomes were analyzed using a difference-in-differences approach. Preventive service coverage increased significantly in the intervention group compared to the control group, with a net effect of +13.2 percentage points (p < 0.001). The quality of digital PWS also improved significantly (+14.1 points; p < 0.001). Improvements were observed across all life-cycle groups, particularly among adolescents and older adults. These findings suggest that integrated and digitally enabled community-based health services can effectively improve both service utilization and data quality, supporting stronger primary health care systems and contributing to progress toward universal health coverage.
Community-Based and mHealth Technology Approaches for Early Detection of Pregnancy Risks: A Scoping Review Mayvita Nabila Kurniadi; Asri Hidayat; Dhesi Ari Astuti; Rikhly Faradisy Mursyida
Journal of Public Health Sciences Vol. 5 No. 03 (2026): In Press - Journal of Public Health Sciences
Publisher : The Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56741/IISTR.jphs.002253

Abstract

Pregnancy-related risks remain a major determinant of maternal morbidity and mortality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Delays in identifying high-risk conditions contribute to an increase in complications that could actually be prevented through early detection. Community-based approaches integrated with digital technology and mobile health (mHealth) have the potential to improve early detection by expanding service reach and enabling continuous monitoring. This study aims to map community-based and digital/mHealth interventions for the early detection of pregnancy risks. The study employs a scoping review design using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) approach and is reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley, and EBSCO for publications from 2020 to 2025. A total of 9 studies that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed thematically. The results showed a variety of interventions, including community-based screening supported by mHealth applications and clinical decision support systems (CDSS), combined with the involvement of community actors. The most frequently identified risks included anemia, hypertension, and preeclampsia. Key outcomes included increased antenatal care visits, early detection of complications, and more timely referrals. Key success factors included the capacity of community health workers, ease of use of technology, and support from the health system. The integration of community-based approaches and digital technology has the potential to strengthen systems for the sustainable early detection of pregnancy risks.
Effectiveness of mHealth Applications with Self-Monitoring Features on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review with Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (SWiM) Agung Rahmat Fauzi; Mahendro Prasetyo Kusumo
Journal of Public Health Sciences Vol. 5 No. 03 (2026): In Press - Journal of Public Health Sciences
Publisher : The Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56741/IISTR.jphs.002285

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a growing global health concern, and inadequate glycemic control increases the risk of long-term complications. This review evaluated the effectiveness of mobile health (mHealth) applications incorporating self-monitoring features on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and secondary outcomes among adults with type 2 diabetes receiving facility-based care. PubMed and ProQuest were searched for studies published from January 2021 to December 2025, supplemented by backward citation searching and verification on August 15, 2026. Completed quantitative studies were analyzed separately from ongoing trial protocols. Ten records were eligible: eight completed studies involving 1,207 participants across seven countries and two protocols. Owing to heterogeneous comparators, follow-up periods, and outcome reporting, together with missing dispersion estimates in five studies, findings were synthesized using Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (SWiM) methods and an effect-direction plot. Six studies reported significant between-group HbA1c reductions ranging from 0.49 to 1.16 percentage points. One study found a within-group reduction without a between-group difference, while another reported no meaningful change (−0.11%, 95% CI −0.24 to 0.02). Larger improvements were observed descriptively in interventions combining applications with scheduled human support. Some studies also reported improvements in self-management behaviors, weight, blood pressure, and satisfaction, although measures varied. GRADE certainty was low for HbA1c and low to very low for secondary outcomes, primarily due to lack of blinding, attrition, and imprecision. Self-monitoring mHealth applications may modestly improve glycemic control when integrated into supported care, but evidence remains insufficient to identify the most effective intervention components.

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