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Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon
ISSN : 25482114     EISSN : 25412027     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37874/ms
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
The Medical Sains journal is a scientific publication media published by the Muhammadiyah Cirebon College of Pharmacy which is published 4 (four) times in 1 (one) year, namely January-March, April-June, July-September and October-December. The journal contains research in the field of pharmacy covering the fields of formulation, pharmacology, communication pharmacy, A natural chemical chemistry, pharmacognomy and other health sciences which is a means for lecturers and researchers in the health sector to share knowledge and establish cooperation in implementing the Tri Dharma of Higher Education. Purpose and Scope The objective of the publication of the Medical Science journal is to publish articles in the field of pharmacy and other health as well as application of pharmaceutical . Based on this, the editorial board of Medical Sains invites lecturers and researchers to contribute to submit research articles related to the following themes: 1. Pharmaceutical formulation technology 2. Pharmacology 3. Community pharmacy 4. Clinical Pharmacy 5. Natural material chemistry 6. Pharmacognosy 7. Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry . All papers submitted to medical science journals will be examined by peer review partners who are tailored to their respective fields.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 523 Documents
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REVIEW: PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF Strobilanthes crispus Amin, Azizah
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1252

Abstract

Strobilanthes crispus (S. crispus), called keji beling leaves, is a plant belonging to the genus Strobilanthes and family Acanthaceae. Keji beling (S.crispus) has been applied by Indonesians to cure some diseases like diabetes and dissolve kidney stones. The aim of this review article is to compile an update on the phytochemical studies and pharmacological activity of S. crispus. A literature review was carried out by searching for articles in the Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar data bases between 2014-2024. Studies have shown that the leaves of S. crispus contain flavonoids, phenolics, alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, phytosterols, and fatty acids. Current pharmacological studies have revealed that the extracts, fractions, or secondary metabolites of S. crispus possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-urothelial, immunomodulatory, wound healing, cytotoxic, and anti-cancer activities. Although previous studies have provided information about S. crispus, pharmacological and phytochemical data are still limited. Further studies are still necessary to explore the bioactive compounds, toxicity, safety and future development of S.crispus as herbal medicine Keywords: keji beling, Strobilanthes crispus, phytochemical constituent, pharmacological activity
NARRATIVE REVIEW: DRUG AVAILABILITY IN HEALTHCARE SERVICES IN INDONESIA Sagitasari, Yanna; Widayanti, Anna Wahyuni; Yuniarti, Endang
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1255

Abstract

This narrative review delves into the availability of drugs within Indonesia’s healthcare services, analyzing 11 articles to uncover prevalent issues such as drug shortages, inadequate planning, and various factors influencing drug availability. This review underscores the critical need to ensure sufficient drug availability to enhance patient safety across healthcare settings. By examining journal articles, this review sheds light on the multifaceted aspects of drug availability, including planning management and the methods employed to evaluate their ability. The findings provide valuable insights into improving strategies for drug availability in hospitals and primary health care centers in Indonesia. This study found that out of the 11 articles reviewed, six reported insufficient drug availability, highlighting significant challenges in ensuring consistent access to necessary medications across different healthcare settings, including both primary healthcare centers and hospitals. Furthermore, the study identified geographical disparities in drug availability, with studies conducted outside Java Island reporting more severe drug shortages than those within Java Island. In summary, this study highlights the complex interplay between factors affecting drug availability in Indonesia, including geographical location, supply chain management, and procurement practices. This underscores the need for targeted interventions to address these challenges and improve drug availability across the healthcare system. Keywords: drug availability in Indonesia, patient safety, drug procurement in Indonesia, drug shortage.
REVIEW ON PHOTOSENSITIZER POTENTIAL OF NATURAL DYES FOR ANTIMICROBIALS USING PHOTODYNAMIC INACTIVATION Ayu Mulyani; Ika Yuni Astuti; Djalil, Asmiyenti Djaliasrin
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1291

Abstract

Infectious diseases still threaten human life, with incidents continuing to increase every year. The increase in antibiotic resistance in recent years has been one of the causes. This incident triggered research to find alternative antibacterial therapies. One such alternative therapy is Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI). This paper reviews the application of PDI for treating diseases caused by microorganisms, especially dermatitis,  periodontitis, blood transfusions, and foodborne diseases, emphasizing the use of natural dyes as photosensitizers. The source for this article was obtained from several indexed databases, such as the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), Elsevier, and Google Scholar, from 2002 to 2024. The keywords used included “photodynamic therapy", “photodynamic inactivation (PDI)”, "antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT)", “laser-activated disinfection”, “photoactive disinfection”, “LED”, “natural photosensitizer”, “curcumin”, “riboflavin”, “hypericin”, “chlorophyll and chlorophyllin. Original (clinical and experimental) studies, case series, case reports, and reviews were also included. Letters to the editor and commentaries are excluded. After reviewing 148 relevant articles, 57 were selected. Full texts were read, and data were extracted and entered into tables. The review demonstrated that natural photosensitizers, such as curcumin, hypericin, riboflavin, and chlorophyll derivatives, have the potential to reduce the number of microorganisms in PDI therapy. Photosensitizers can be obtained from several natural sources. Using the PDI procedure, the ROS produced have been proven to effectively inhibit pathogenic microorganisms and can be widely used to treat diseases caused by microorganisms. Keywords: curcumin, hypericin, riboflavin, chlorophyllin derivatives, PDI, natural dye, antimicrobial.
REVIEW: ANALYTICAL NARRATIVE IN-DEPTH UNDERSTANDING OF FORMULATION METHODS AND TRANSFERSOME CHARACTERIZATION FOR THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS Setiyawan, Sukamto Jodi; Astuti, Ika Yuni; Hariyanti , Hariyanti
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1293

Abstract

Transdermal drug delivery systems offer a non-invasive method for drug penetration through the skin but face significant challenges, especially in the stratum corneum layer, which inhibits drug penetration. Transfersome, an elastic vesicle developed from one of the nanocarriers, liposomes, has proven effective in increasing transdermal drug penetration. To examine manufacturing methods, evaluate potential safety aspects, and apply transfersomes to increase transdermal penetration of active ingredients. The results of the article search showed that transfersomes have advantages in terms of adsorption efficiency, elasticity, and the ability to carry drugs with various vesicle sizes. Several transfersome manufacturing methods have been developed, such as thin-film hydration, reverse evaporation, high-level homogenization, sonication, and ethanol injection, each with advantages and disadvantages. The thin-film hydration method is often used in research because it results in high adsorption efficiency, superior penetration ability, and good compatibility. Transfersomes have proven to be effective elastic vesicle delivery systems with phospholipids and surfactants. In transdermal applications, transfersome successfully improve the penetration and therapeutic effectiveness of antioxidant, anticancer, corticosteroid, and anti-inflammatory drugs, in the context of increasing drug penetration and therapeutic effectiveness. Transfersomes are promising drug delivery systems for transdermal applications, offering increased penetration, bioavailability, and therapeutic effectiveness. Appropriate formulation methods and in-depth characterization are needed to optimize the therapeutic potential of transfersomes for various medical applications. Keywords: Transfersomes, transdermal delivery, lipid vesicles, entrapment efficiency, vesicle deformability, transfersome manufacturing method.
IMPLEMENTATION OF MONITORING SIDE EFFECTS OF DRUGS IN DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN REFERRAL HOSPITALS: A QUALITATIVE STUDY Elmiawati Latifah; Endang Yuniarti; Rinto Susilo; Hidayah Karuniawati; Azizah, Nur; Dyah Aryani Perwitasari; Syifa Imelda
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1294

Abstract

Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a public health problem that poses major challenges to patients, health workers, society, and the health care system. This research is a qualitative study to explore the implementation of drug side-effect monitoring and the role of health workers in handling side-effect monitoring medication for tuberculosis patients. We collected data through Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and conducted direct, in-depth interviews. The informants in this study were doctors, pharmacists, and nurses who were directly involved in treating drug-resistant tuberculosis patients. Two drug-resistant TB referral hospitals in the Cirebon area hosted the research. INVIVO 12 was used for qualitative analysis. Both hospitals still need to optimise the mechanism for tracking drug side effects in drug-resistant TB patients in accordance with the technical guidelines. Doctors at both hospitals play a significant role in implementation compared to other health workers. The similar role of doctors in both hospitals in implementation is in initial examination and history taking, determining causality, management, and education regarding drug side effects. Pharmacists have a similar role in managing drug side effects and documenting "unwanted events". The role of nurses in both hospitals is similar, namely providing patients with education on drug side effects. Efforts are needed to increase the implementation of monitoring of drug side effects by conducting assessments of the causality of drug side effects and documentation using specific instruments according to standards, ensuring the ensuring the completeness of manual monitoring forms, and providing continuous drug side effect monitoring training for health workers.
COMPARISON OF UV-VIS SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC AND HPLC METHODS IN THE ANALYSIS OF RETINOIC ACID AND HYDROQUINONE CONTENT IN FACE CREAMS: A LITERATURE REVIEW Syifni, Moza Aulia; Utami, Marsah Rahmawati
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1301

Abstract

UV-Vis spectrophotometry and HPLC are commonly used for the analysis of hydroquinone and retinoic acid, as both instruments offer a combination of accuracy, sensitivity, and ease in detecting and quantifying these compounds. UV-Vis is quick and simple to detect the content of materials based on light absorption, while HPLC is superior in separating and analyzing compounds in complex mixtures with high precision. The purpose of this literature review is to compare UV-Vis Spectrophotometry and HPLC methods for analyzing hydroquinone and retinoic acid, and a comparison was performed by examining method validation data between UV-Vis spectrophotometry and HPLC. The method applied involves a review of various related research journals, utilizing the Publish or Perish application using the Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar search engines. The results and conclusions of this study recommend HPLC as the method of choice for the identification of harmful substances, such as retinoic acid and hydroquinone, in face creams. Keywords: retinoic acid, hydroquinone, face cream, uv-vis spectrophotometry, HPLC
OPTIMIZATION SUSTAINED RELEASE TABLET FUCOIDAN PURIFIED EXTRACT FROM BROWN SEAWEED (Sargassum polycystum) AS IMMUNOMODULATOR Ikasari, Endang Diyah; Wulansari, Endang Dwi; Purwanto, Ungsari Rizki Eka
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1310

Abstract

Fucoidan is a sulfate polysaccharide compound that is widespread in the sea, especially in brown algae. Previous fucoidan pharmacokinetics studies have shown that fucoidan nanoparticles have the effect of increasing the immunomodulatory ability of fucoidan, but fucoidan consumed orally has a half-life in plasma of about 3 hours so that to reduce the amount of fucoidan supplement use in a day, fucoidan can be formulated into sustained release tablet preparations. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal composition of Na. Alginate and HPMC as polymers in sustained-release tablet preparations containing purified fucoidan from brown seaweed to produce tablets with characteristics that meet the compendial requirements of the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia and can maintain fucoidan release in plasma with only one consumption per day to improve user compliance. Fucoidan extraction from brown seaweed was carried out using hot extraction. Purified fucoidan tablets were prepared by the Simplex Lattice Design method using Design Expert version 10.1. The concentration of Na. Alginate and HPMC used as much as 2–5% with 8 formulas, which were then printed on a tablet printing tool. The optimum formula was tested as an immunomodulator in mice with parameters for lymph weight, phagocytosis index, and stimulant index. Optimum formula for Na. alginate: HPMC (3.252:3.748%) with flow speed 8.552 g/sec, compressibility 15,648%, hardness 3.726 kg, friability 0.044%, MC 3.296, Crushing time 21.34 minutes, Q15 34.608%, Q45 34.824%. The optimum formula for the immunomodulatory effect had a significant effect on the lymph weight of mice.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF TARO LEAVES (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) AND ITS FRACTIONS IN RATS USING EGG WHITE-INDUCED MODEL Sujono, Tanti Azizah; Rahmawati, Desi
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1316

Abstract

Taro plant (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) is empirically known to have anti-inflammatory activity. Taro leaves contain secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, and polyphenols. This study aimed to prove the anti-inflammatory effectiveness of ethanol extract of taro leaves (EETL), ethyl acetate fraction (EAFTL), and residual fraction (RFTL) in rats induced by 1% egg white solution, and to identify the chemical compound groups contained in EETL and its fractions. Thirty-two rats were divided into eight groups, namely group I as a negative control (CMC-Na 0.5%), group II as a positive control (Diclofenac sodium 4.5 mg/kgBW), groups III-IV were administered EETL 100 and 200 mg/kgBW, groups V-VI were administered EAFTL 100 and 200 mg/kgBW, and groups VII-VIII were administered RFTL 100 and 200 mg/kgBW. The animal models were induced with 0.1 mL of 1% egg white solution subplantar 1 hour after oral treatment. The volume of rat leg edema was measured every 1 hour for six consecutive hours. This research shows that EETL 100 mg/kgBW and RFTL doses of 100 and 200 mg/kgBW have an anti-inflammatory effect with a percent inhibitory power of >50%. Phytochemical screening showed that EETL contains alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and phenolics. EAFTL contains tannins and phenolics, whereas RFTL contains saponins, tannins, and phenolics.  Keywords: Taro leaves, antiinflammatory, egg white solution, fractionation
THE COMPLIANCE AND EFFECTIVENESS OF TUBERCULOSIS DRUG USE AT THE TALUN HEALTH CENTER IN CIREBON Regar, Dhea Novakinanda; Zuniarto, Ahmad Azrul; Pandanwangi TW, Siti; Widianingsih, Nining
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1334

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). This disease affects the lung organs and may also affect organs outside the lungs. This study aimed to determine the level of compliance and effectiveness of TB drugs, the relationship between compliance and effectiveness in using TB drugs, and the relationship between compliance and effectiveness based on socio-demographic data of the community. The research method used was descriptive observational, with retrospective data collection based on TB patient treatment cards. Compliance data were collected by completing the MMAS questionnaire, and effectiveness data were collected by recording sputum examination results using the SITB (Tuberculosis Information System) software. The sample comprised the total population according to these criteria. The technique used for sampling was total sampling, namely the total number of TB patients at Talun Health Center, Cirebon Regency, from November 2023 to April 2024, a total of 40 patients. Data analysis using the Spearman test consisted of compliance analysis, effectiveness analysis, the relationship between compliance and effectiveness, and the relationship between compliance and effectiveness based on socio-demographic data of the population. The results of the study showed that the level of compliance with TB drug use was 7.9 (medium level of compliance), and the effectiveness of TB drug use was 100%. There is a relationship between compliance and the effectiveness of TB drug use, but there is no relationship based on the socio-demographic data of the population.  Keywords: Compliance, Effectiveness, TB Drugs
IN VITRO ASSESSMENT OF ANTIUROLITHIATIC ACTIVITY OF APIGENIN WITH NITRIC ALGINATE VARIATION IN NANOSUSPENSION Neneng Nasliah; Suci Nurainun; Ghina Annufus; Audy Nursifa'atun; Aufalya Wibirezkina; Sofi Nurmay Stiani
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1350

Abstract

Kidney stones are hard kidney material, such as stones that originate from minerals and salts. Alternative therapy using medicinal plants as anticalculi is an option for treating kidney stones. One plant with anticalculi activity is celery, which contains various active chemical compounds, including apigenin. Apigenin is a diuretic that can help the kidneys remove excess fluid and salt from the body. However, apigenin has low solubility in water. To overcome the limited solubility of apigenin, nanosuspensions were prepared. This study aimed to formulate a nanosuspension, evaluate its preparation, and test it in vitro. This formula uses the concentration of the suspending agent, Na. The different alginates were F0 without active  substances (0%) and F1 (1%), F2 (2%), and F3 (3%). The evaluation of the preparation includes tests for pH, viscosity, specific gravity, particle size, zeta potential, and adsorption efficiency. The results showed that the preparation had an average pH value of 4-7, an average viscosity value of 78-162 cP, a specific gravity of 0.98-1.02 g/mL, the preparation had a particle size of 928–974 nm, zeta potential of-26, 3 to -41.7, and an average entrapment efficiency of 99.63%-99.64%. Apigenin nanosuspension preparations can dissolve kidney stone calcium at 1800-7800 ppm. The test results showed that the apigenin nanosuspension has the potential to dissolve calcium kidney stones. Keywords: kidney stones, apigenin, in vitro, nanosuspension

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