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Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon
ISSN : 25482114     EISSN : 25412027     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37874/ms
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
The Medical Sains journal is a scientific publication media published by the Muhammadiyah Cirebon College of Pharmacy which is published 4 (four) times in 1 (one) year, namely January-March, April-June, July-September and October-December. The journal contains research in the field of pharmacy covering the fields of formulation, pharmacology, communication pharmacy, A natural chemical chemistry, pharmacognomy and other health sciences which is a means for lecturers and researchers in the health sector to share knowledge and establish cooperation in implementing the Tri Dharma of Higher Education. Purpose and Scope The objective of the publication of the Medical Science journal is to publish articles in the field of pharmacy and other health as well as application of pharmaceutical . Based on this, the editorial board of Medical Sains invites lecturers and researchers to contribute to submit research articles related to the following themes: 1. Pharmaceutical formulation technology 2. Pharmacology 3. Community pharmacy 4. Clinical Pharmacy 5. Natural material chemistry 6. Pharmacognosy 7. Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry . All papers submitted to medical science journals will be examined by peer review partners who are tailored to their respective fields.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 523 Documents
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EFFECT OF HAIR TONIC COMBINATION OF CINNAMOMUN ESSENSIAL OIL AND CANDLENUT ESSENSIAL OIL HAIR GROWTH IN VIVO Mutamimmah, Siti; Pratiwi, Elasari Dwi; Kusumo, Djati Wulan
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1610

Abstract

Hair loss, often called alopecia, is characterized by excessive hair loss. One way to treat hair loss is to use hair tonic preparation. This study aimed to determine the effect of a combination of hair tonic cinnamon essential oil and candlenut essential oil on hair growth. The research method used included physical evaluation of the hair tonic preparation formulation by examining the physical quality, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, and stability of the hair tonic preparation. The effectiveness of hair growth was evaluated in vivo in rabbits. Its effectiveness measures hair growth and weight. Based on the results of the tests on the physical characteristics and physical stability of the hair tonic preparation, a combination of cinnamon essential oil and candlenut essential oil at concentrations of 0% (F0), 2.5% (F1), 5% (F2), and 7.5% (F3) was used. in organoleptic testing, the homogeneity, pH, and viscosity met the specified characteristics and stability requirements. The results of research testing the effectiveness of hair growth showed that the hair tonic combination of cinnamon essential oil and candlenut essential oil is effective for good hair growth in formula 3, with a hair length of 8 mm and a hair mass of 213.8 mg on day 21. Keywords: Candlenut essential oil, Cinnamon essential oil, Hair growth, Hair tonic, In vivo
OPTIMIZATION OF GELATIN CONCENTRATION IN TABLET WITH AFRICAN LEAF EXTRACT (Vernonia Amygdalina) Wahlanto, Panji; Yusuf, Anna L; Nugraha, Davit; Siti Rahmah KR; Dissya Alifia
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1614

Abstract

African plants, especially the leaves, are a type of medicinal plant used by the community. This African leaf contains active lavonoids that can be used to measure blood glucose levels. Tablet preparations have the advantage that they are easy to consume, so in this study African leaves (Vernonia Amygdalina) were made into tablets. The ratios of the binder used were 4%, 5%, and 6%. After obtaining the evaluation results, data analysis was performed using the Kruskal–Wallis SPSS statistical test with a confidence level of 95%. The evaluation results showed that the three formulations only fulfilled the respective requirements, namely for the angle of repose test between 16.6° - 21.3°, the granule thickening test of all formulations is below <20% and meets the requirements, the weight uniformity test has an average of 191-192 mg meeting the predetermined requirements, namely not more than 3 times with an average of 7.35 -7.36 mm and a thickness of mean +  SD 0,47  the disintegration time test of all formulations stated that they met the requirements that had been determined that is not more than 15 minutes, the friability test only on formulation III which met the requirements to get a result of 0.54% in formulations I and II did not meet the specified requirements, the hardness test of all formulations did not meet the specified test requirements.  Keywords: African leaf extract, gelatin, tablets.
FORMULATION AND IN VITRO PENETRATION TESTING OF NUTMEG SEED OIL (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) NANOEMULGEL Lailah, Nashfiatun Nur; Syaputri, Fauziah Ningrum; Larasati, Rizky Dwi; Fatimi, Hana Anisa; Manurung, Devi Yanthre Sari
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1635

Abstract

Nutmeg seed oil has a low absorption time and is unstable during storage; therefore, so to facilitate this it is made in a nanoemulgel form because it can increase contact time and increase drug penetration into the skin. This study aimed to determine the effect of variations in nutmeg seed oil concentration on the physical characteristics and penetration rate of nanoemulgel preparations. Nanoemulgel was made by mixing the nanoemulsion phase into a gel base with oil concentrations of 4.5%, 5%, and 5.5%. The nanoemulsion physical characteristics results are 90.7–91.1% for the turbidimetry test, 453–516 nm for particle size, 42.4–48.6 mV for the zeta potential test, 6.46–6.66 for the pH test, and O/W for nanoemulsion type. Physical characteristics included organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, adhesive power, spreadability, viscosity, and rheology. The penetration rate was determined using the Franz diffusion-cell method. The results showed that the nanoemulgel preparation was white in color and had a characteristic smell of nutmeg oil, a semisolid, homogeneous texture, skin pH of 4.5–6.5, spreadability met the range of 5–7 cm, adhesion of >4 seconds, viscosity of 4000–50000 cPs, and pseudoplastic flow properties. The best formulas are found in Formulas 1 and 2 because the stability test meets the requirements for good physical characteristics. Variations in the concentration of nutmeg oil did not show any influence on the penetration rate, with the flux values ??obtained for each formula being F1 0.0117 mg/cm2hour-1, F2 0.0126 mg/cm2hour-11, and F3 0.0246 mg/cm2hour-1.
EFFECTIVENESS OF AVOCADO SEED EXTRACT (Persea americana Mill.) ON INHIBIT GROWTH OF Candida albicans AND Trichopyton sp. Marsus, Ismat; Nur, Muhammad Khaerul; Fahruddin; Baharuddin, Suherman
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1638

Abstract

In the world of medicine, avocados (Persea americane Mill.) are mostly used as traditional medicine in treating various diseases, but in the avocado seed it turns out that so far, it has only been left and thrown away, even though it contains secondary metabolite compounds that can be used as medicinal ingredients, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenolics, terpenoids, and steroids. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an avocado seed extract (Persea americana Mill.) concentrations of 5% 10% and 15% b/v against the growth of Candida albicans and Trichopyton sp. and determine at what concentration is most effective. This research is experimental which is a laboratory study using the method of extraction by maceration and disc diffusion (Kirby-Bauer Test) in testffectiveness of avo (Persea americana Mill.) against the growth of Candida albicans and Trichopyton spto testlts obtained from the avocadoment of the diameter of the inhibition were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and correlation test using the IBM SPSS Statistics version 26 program. The results showed that avocado seed extract (Persea americana Mill) was effective in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans and Trichopyton sp. The most effective concentration was at a concentration of 15% b/v, respectively, where the inhibition of Candida albicans was 11.84 ± 0.238 mm while the inhibition of Trichopyton sp. was 12.58 ± 0.005 mm (oneway Anova, ? = 0.05)  Keywords: Effectiveness, Persea americana Mill, Candida albicans, Trichopyton sp., Kirby-  Bauer
PRESCRIPTION OF ANTIBIOTICS FROM ACCESS GROUP ACCORDING TO AWARE CLASSIFICATION: DATA FROM COMMUNITY PHARMACIES IN SLEMAN REGENCY YOGYAKARTA Sinatria, Arifi Bhakti; Harun, Sabariah Noor; Saepudin
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1639

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance is the most challenging problem in the 21st century. Therefore, the WHO released a classification of antibiotics into the Access, Watch, and Reserve (AWaRe) group, with the aim of optimizing the use of the access group to at least 60%. The objective of this study was to determine the profile of antibiotic prescriptions at community pharmacies in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, during the period 2019–2022, based on the AWaRe classification. A Cross-sectional survey was designed to collect data on antibiotic prescriptions from community pharmacies across four regions of the Sleman Regency. Each antibiotic was classified in accordance with the AWaRe classification and the quantity of prescribed antibiotics was calculated in DDD units following the ATC/DDD method. This study found that in terms of the antibiotic agents, 10-13 antibiotic from the Access group (52%–62%) were prescribed during the study period. Meanwhile, in terms of quantity expressed in DDD units, 52.38% and 61.90% of prescribed antibiotics were from the Access group, according to the AWaRe classification released by the WHO and the Indonesian Ministry of Health, respectively. In conclusion, antibiotic prescriptions at community pharmacies in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, have reached the target of optimizing the use of access groups according to the Indonesian Ministry of Health, but were still slightly below the target of the WHO.   eywords: Antibiotic Prescription; ATC/DDD; AWaRe Classification; Community Pharmacy
FORMULATION AND TESTING OF SOLID SOAP CONTAINING 96% ETHANOL EXTRACT OF PURSLANE (Portulaca oleracea L.) COMBINED WITH VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) AGAINST Staphylococcus aureus Sari, Rose Intan Perma; Rahmah, Anggi Apria Faradisya; Hermansyah, Oky; Rahmawati, Suci; Sipriyadi
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1643

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic bacterium commonly associated with various infections. An initial step in preventing and addressing infections is the use of antibacterial soaps. The purslane extract can serve as an antibacterial agent that inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, while VCO offers additional protection through its antimicrobial properties and ability to maintain skin moisture. This study aimed to formulate a solid soap using 96% ethanol extract of purslane combined with VCO. Purslane powder was extracted using a maceration method. The physical properties of the soap were evaluated, including organoleptic evaluation, PH, homogeneity, foaming capacity, foam stability, and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Based on the results of the physical property evaluations, the solid soap met the required standards. The antibacterial effectiveness test showed inhibition zones for F1 at 3.21 ± 0,023 (weak category), F2 at 4,26 ± 0,102 (weak category), and F3 at 5,2 ± 0,070 (weak category). The results indicate that the purslane extract, in combination with varying amounts of VCO, can be formulated into solid soap that meets the physical property evaluation criteria and possesses antibacterial activity against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.  Keywords: Solid Soap; Antibacterial; Purslane Plant; VCO; Staphylococcus aureus
FORMULATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY FACE MIST KOMBUCHA OF TELANG FLOWER (Clitoria ternatea L.) WITH DPPH METHOD (2,2 Difenyl-1-Piksryhidrazil) Yayan Rizikiyan; Sopiah, Sopi Siti; Amelia, Renny; Indriaty, Sulistiorini; Senja, Rima Yulia
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1644

Abstract

Telang flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) contains anthocyanins that are efficacious as natural antioxidants. Face mist with synthetic materials, such as tertiary-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ), has side effects that are carcinogenic and can cause tumors if used for a long time. Currently, many studies haveeinvestigated the conventional biotechnology product kombucha,, which is a drink made from tea fermented by bacteria and yeast (Scoby/Symbiotic Colony (Culture) Bacteria &Yeast,), as the initial culture of the tea produces an aroma or sour taste. Kombucha has various anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities of certain strains, which are expected to provide good antioxidant activity when combined with the natural ingredients of Telang flowers. In this study, telang flower simplicia was fermented for 6 days until telang flower kombucha tea was obtained, and face mist preparations in three concentrations (5%, 7,5%, and 10%) were prepared to determine the antioxidant activity using the DPPH method measured by UV-Vis spectrophotometry by looking at the % inhibition and IC50 values. Based on the results of the evaluation with the parameters of organoleptic testing, pH, homogeneity, spray dispersion, specific weight, viscosity, and drying time met the requirements. The result of the antioxidant activity test of vitamin C of 4,36 ppm, kombucha of telang flower of 14,19 ppm, and face mist of kombucha of telang flower with concentrations of 5%, 7,5% and 10% produced IC50 values of 21,19 ppm, 19,62 ppm, and 17,52 ppm and were included in the very strong category.  Keywords: Antioxidant, Telang flower, Face mist, DPPH, Kombucha
OPTIMIZATION OF HPMC IN SERUM GEL CONTAINING BUTTERFLY PEA FLOWER EXTRACT (CLITORIA TERNATEA L.) AS FACIAL MOISTURIZER AND IT’S PHYSICAL STABILITY Rahmawati, Dewi; Ambari, Yani; Ningsih, Arista Wahyu; Mayasari, Shinta; Aulia, Andira; Putri, Masitah Nurwidiya; Ressi, Monica
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1652

Abstract

Skincare refers to a series of skin treatments (epidermis) and the middle layer of the skin (dermis) aimed at protecting and maintaining the body, and is categorized as a cosmetic product. One of the most commonly used cosmetic preparations is skincare serum, which helps maintain skin elasticity and hydration. A rising trend in the industry is the development of serums, and one potential plant to be used as a safe active ingredient in cosmetics is the butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L), which is rich in flavonoids with antioxidant activity. The objective of this study was to determine whether butterfly pea flower extract serum can be formulated into a facial serum with moisturizing properties and to evaluate the physical stability of the serum preparation. The method used is Laboratory experiments were performed. The butterfly pea flower extract was obtained through maceration with 70% ethanol and then formulated into facial serum using different concentrations of HPMC base at 3%, 4%, and 5%. The results of serum stability tests were obtained using physical stability methods. Physical property tests included organoleptic testing (lavender scent, deep blue color, slightly thick, or serum-like texture), with stable organoleptic properties observed during storage, without any changes ...
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL EXTRACT Areca catechu L. Stalk USING THE DPPH METHOD Tunnazilah, Nurhikmah; Arum Astuti, Ratih; Hardia, Lukman
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i4.1667

Abstract

A monocotyledonous plant from the wild palm group, the areca nut (Areca actechu L.), has numerous health advantages. Most people in Sorong City empirically cure illnesses with areca nut medication. Using the DPPH (2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) technique, the secondary metabolite chemicals and antioxidant activity were determined. The areca palm stalks were extracted using a maceration method with a 96% ethanol filter. The IC50 value was used to test for antioxidants using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Phytochemical analysis revealed that the areca stem extract contained tannins, alkaloids, steroids, and flavonoids.The results of the antioxidant activity test of areca nut stalk extract showed that the IC50 value in replication 1 was 32.66µg/mL, replication 2 was 32.88µg/mL, and replication 3 was 32.84 µg/mL. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of areca stalk (Areca catechu L.) has secondary metabolite compounds and antioxidant activity with an average IC50 value of mean ± SD = 32,79 ± 0,114. Keywords: antioxidants, dpph method, Areca catechu L.
COST MINIMIZATION ANALYSIS OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUG USE IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS Utami, Indah Kurnia; Rakanita, Yasinta; Dewi, Niluh Puspita
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i1.1655

Abstract

Hypertension is the primary cause of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), as it damages blood vessels in the kidneys. The most commonly used management for hypertension as monotherapy includes Calcium Channel Blockers (CCB) such as Amlodipine and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB) such as candesartan. Patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis depend on dialysis machines, which impacts their economic burden. Therefore, a cost analysis review of drugs with the same therapeutic goals is necessary. This was a non-experimental study with a descriptive design. Data were collected through retrospective purposive sampling from January to December 2023 using medical records and payment data for inpatient treatments with hemodialysis that met the inclusion criteria. Direct medical costs included antihypertensive, other medication, service and facility fees, and medical support costs. Of the 100 samples that met the inclusion criteria from January to December 2023, amlodipine was the most commonly used antihypertensive (56%), followed by candesartan (38%). The average direct medical costs were IDR 184.350 for Amlodipine and IDR 561,339 for candesartan. The patient characteristics by gender showed a higher percentage of males (52%) than of females (48%). By age, the majority were in the late adult group (67%), whereas the elderly accounted for (33%). The Amlodipine group achieved more significant cost minimization than the candesartan group. Future studies should examine the potential of amlodipine in reducing the economic burden of limited resources.  Keywords: antihypertensive, CMA, CKD

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