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Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan
Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
ISSN : 14116022     EISSN : 26139464     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance
The Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan aims to publicize the results of research concerning economics and development at national, and international levels with particular emphasis on the application of quantitative and qualitative analysis.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Ekonomi, Ekonometrika dan Keuangan (semua kategori) - Ilmu Ekonomi, Ekonometrika dan Keuangan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 111 Documents
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Consumer Acceptance and Willingness to Pay for Prebiotic Kuini Juice in Malaysia Norzalila Kasron; Siti 'Aisyah Baharudin; Saiful Bahri Saari; Mohd Nur Hafiz Mat Azmin; Nor Azlina Saari
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v11i2.4653

Abstract

Changing consumers' lifestyles and food consumption patterns provide an excellent opportunity to develop the prebiotics market in Malaysia. Therefore, Malaysia is trying to improve products based on local ingredients such as kuini juice developed by the Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI). The high fibre content found in kuini makes it suitable to be used as one of the essential ingredients in prebiotic drinks.  This research attempted to analyse consumer acceptance and willingness to pay for prebiotic kuini juice.  A survey was conducted in Peninsular Malaysia, where 400 respondents were interviewed using a structured questionnaire.  Exploratory factor analysis, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test and Bartlett's Test of Sphericity were utilised for objective analysis 1, while the Contingent Valuation Method was utilised for objective analysis 2.  The result showed that 73% of respondents had taken prebiotic juice in the past. The tendency to choose prebiotic kuini juice by MARDI was 52% compared to existing products in the market. Significant findings determined consumers' preference factors, including product marketing and promotion, which influenced the purchasing of prebiotic kuini juice. The willingness to pay by respondents was lower at RM4.10/300ml bottle than the actual price bid at RM5.70/300ml bottle. As consumer awareness of health increases, it was an opportunity for the health food industry to expand the functional food market. However, some improvements should be adjusted to ensure prebiotic kuini juice can compete with other similar products in the market. Government support is needed to encourage indigenous fruits cultivation and to produce value-added products.
The Driving Factors of Public’s Interest in The Use of QRIS to Achieve Cashless Society Risky Angga Pramuja; Arif Prasetyo Wibowo; Dedik Fitra Suhermanto
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v11i2.4656

Abstract

The market serves as a traditional market that has been renovated by the local government to transform the traditional system into a modern market without abandoning its traditional traits. On the other hand, the modern system refers to improved sanitation and payment mechanisms. The payments in traditional markets have been done by using cash, but the modern market system promotes non-cash payments. In this case, the non-cash payments are implemented using a barcode scanning system provided by the Indonesian national bank under the name QRIS. Therefore, an in-depth study was essential to be carried out to understand the public’s interest in the use of QRIS or non-cash for transactions in the Oro-Oro Dowo Market. The research methods used in this study were field research and survey. For the data analysis, several theories were applied, namely Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), Theory of Planned Behaviour, and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Then, the theories were analyzed by utilizing a software called SMART PLS to identify whether there was a correlation and effect of the use of QRIS and the buying interest or transaction rates in the Oro-Oro Dowo Market. The results of this study indicate that the three variables of reliability, construct validity, structural model, and discussions related to complexity, the usefulness of QRIS, time constraints, ease of use, and e-learning self-efficiency show appropriate consistency as most of the respondents used QRIS as an electronic transaction system that allowed them to do a faster transaction due to its efficiency and accessibility
Determinants of Community Welfare in West Sulawesi Province Panel Data Lubis, Firsty Ramadhona Amalia; Sukarniati, Lestari
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v12i1.4725

Abstract

The Human Development Index (HDI) is designated as one of the primary measures included in the basic pattern of regional development. This study aims to examine government spending on health, education, public facilities & housing on HDI. The data used is secondary data consisting of 2016-2020 in 6 districts/cities of West Sulawesi. The analysis method used is Fixed Effect. The results showed that government spending in the education sector had a positive and significant effect on HDI, while government spending on housing and public facilities had a significant and negative effect.
The Effect of Education, Health, Minimum Wage, Foreign Investment on Labor Productivity in 33 Provinces of Indonesia Nia Rizky Maharani; Nenik Woyanti
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v12i2.5227

Abstract

The competitiveness of labor is a key factor to encourage the competitiveness of a country's economy. Indonesia has low labor competitiveness due to uncompetitive labor productivity. In addition, Indonesia has a trend of declining labor productivity growth, so more serious attention is needed to make labor productivity better. This study aims to analyze the effect of education, health, minimum wage, and foreign investment on labor productivity using panel data from 33 provinces of Indonesia in 2010-2019. This research used a multiple linear regression FEM with cross-section weight and coefficient covariance method cross-section SUR (PSCE). The result proved partially, health and minimum wage have a significant positive effect, while education and foreign investment have an insignificant positive effect on labor productivity. The most dominant independent variable is health. Simultaneously, the four independent variables have a significant effect on labor productivity in 33 provinces of Indonesia
A Gravity Model Analysis of the Influencing Factors of Ghana-Nigeria Bilateral Trade in Merchandize Products Abasimi, Ignatius; Salim, Agus
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v12i1.5571

Abstract

Evidently, the quantum of the general and sectoral impacts of growing trends of Ghana- Nigeria bilateral trade has been a phenomenon of mixed feelings. To some analysts the relationship has been positive, to others it is challenging. The purpose of this research therefore, tries to evaluate the influencing factors of Nigeria-Ghana trade in merchandize products through the gravity model of trade from 2008-2019. The results showed that the real exchange rate had a small but significant positive impact on the bilateral trade between Ghana and Nigeria, but more importantly, it had a positive impact on the Nigerian economy. The study again discovered a positive correlation between the size of the economy between Ghana and Nigeria and the flow of bilateral trade. This shows that trade improves as the GDP between these two countries increases or decreases. The market size or population of both countries exhibited a strong positive impact on trade flows and this is consistent with the theoretical foundation. The study is unique because it is the first to exclusively study and empirically investigate the trend of Nigeria-Ghana bilateral trade relation through the Newtonian gravity model.
Increasing Risk of Poverty In Central Java Due to The Covid-19 Pandemic Wuranti, Hayu
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v12i1.5731

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic is a multidimensional crisis that started from a health crisis that eventually caused a global crisis to a global recession. Various efforts have been made by the government to prevent the spread of the Covid-19 virus, including by limiting community activities, which have an effect on decreasing people's income. The purpose of this study is to the factors that influence the increase in the number of poor people in 35 districts/cities in Central Java due to the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the variables depicting the number of covid cases, life expectancy, economic growth, and hotel room occupancy rate significantly affected the number of poor people. While partially the four variables simultaneously also significantly affect the number of poor people.
The Effect of The Total Value Of Exports, Imports and Economic Growth on Exchange Rate With State Governance As a Variable Moderating In Southeast Asia 2009-2019 Murady, Iklimah; Oktarina, Kurnia; Ghafur, Muhammad; Wau, Taosige; Umam, Khotibul
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v12i1.5736

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of independent variables such as exports, imports, and economic growth on the dependent variable in the form of the exchange rate by using the variable of state governance as a moderating variable. The data used is panel data The population of this study is a Southeast Asian country. The sampling technique in this study was taken using purposive sampling. Data analysis in this study used the Chow, Housman, and MRA test analysis methods using Stata13 software. The results are based on the best Random Effect Model (REM) model, that is, there is no significant effect of exports and imports on the exchange rate Meanwhile, economic growth, and state governments have a significant effect on the exchange rate based. However, based on the MRA test, the variable of state governance strengthens the relationship between these three variables (exports, imports, and economic growth) on the exchange rate.
Regional Specialization and Labor Productivity of Food Industry in South Sumatra Melliny, Vinny Dwi; Gustriani, Gustriani; Zainal, Imelda; Pertiwi, Rasyida
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v12i1.5754

Abstract

  SMEs became the leading sector contribute to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Indonesia. The role of SMEs not only can give positive impact encourage potential development sectors. This paper is to investigate the relationship between the characteristics of regional specialization and labor productivity of small enterprises in the Food industry using the regency or city level data of South Sumatra from 2008-2018. The study used secondary data from the Department of Trade and Industry of South Sumatra for 17 regencies/cities in South Sumatra. Our study proceeds in two steps. First, we used Location Quotient (LQ) to identify the regional specialization. Second, we measured the impact of regional specialization on labor productivity including other regional variables; investment, a total of enterprises, size of employment, Gross Domestic Product Regional (GRDP), and Gross Enrolment Rate based on the panel data of regencies or cities. In the first step, we found that eight regencies specialized in the Food industry. Those typically concentrated near of big city where few enterprises dominate. Next, the LQ, investment, average size of employment, GRDP, and a total of enterprises have a significant effect on labor productivity while the education variable does not influence regional economic growth.  According to this result, it should be cautioned that agglomeration may cause undesirable competition for raw materials leading to a detrimental result. This strongly suggests that to fully achieve labor productivity in South Sumatra, there is a need for the implementation of appropriate policy measure to overcome this issue.  
The Effects of Digitalization and GDP Per-Capita Growth on Tax Revenue in ASEAN Countries Annisa Sekar Irsa Fajrina; Benny Setiawan
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 13 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v13i1.5780

Abstract

ASEAN’s digital economy is soaring up every year and bring potential additional tax revenue. In many countries, tax revenues dominate total state revenue but six out of ten ASEAN member countries couldn’t optimize its tax revenue hence causing a social inequality and poverty This study aims to analyze the effects of digitalization indicated in internet penetration level and Gross Domestic Product per capita growth on tax revenue in ASEAN countries. Samples consists of 6 countries in ASEAN: Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Cambodia, Phillipines, and Thailand; with dataset of 15 years observation from 2005 to 2019. By using data panel multiple regression analysis in Fixed Effect Model, the results indicate that: (1)digitalization has significant and positive influence on tax revenue, (2) GDP per capita growth has significant and negative influence on tax revenue, and (3) simultaneously digitalization and GDP per capita growth have significant influence on tax revenue.
An Analysis of Factors that Affect CO2 Emissions in 5 ASEAN Country in 2011-2018 Hariani, Ermatry; Febriyastuti W, Retno; Tamonsang , Matheous
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v12i1.5824

Abstract

Changes in the quality of the environment at this time until the next few years need to be considered. Changes in the quality of the environment are caused by the various activities of the economy that do humans. This change in environmental quality is represented by the variable emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas. This research aims to analyze the effect of the growth of the economy, city population, and the import and export of technology high on the emissions of gas carbon dioxide (CO2) in the five countries of ASEAN (Indonesia, Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam) during 2011-2018. This study uses panel data (time series and cross-section). In using the method of regression of panel data is performed by Chow test and Hausman test, and elected, namely the fixed effect model. Furthermore, the classical assumption test was carried out on the selected model, including the normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, and autocorrelation test. Results of the study are to prove that the only variable city population affects positively and significantly emissions of gas carbon dioxide (CO2). While variable independent more like a growth economy, import and export of high technology do not affect significantly emissions of gas carbon dioxide (CO2).

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