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INDONESIA
Jurnal Wasian
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar
ISSN : 23559969     EISSN : 25025198     DOI : doi.org/10.62142
Core Subject : Science, Education, Social,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Physics Other
The Wasian Journal dedicates itself to advancing scientific research that significantly contributes to the conservation of natural resources and the sustainable transformation of landscapes. Our goal is to support the long-term ecological balance and resilience of forests and land. We are committed to publishing cutting-edge research that is innovative and open to rigorous scholarly debate, maintaining the highest standards of quality.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Kehutanan
Articles 121 Documents
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Evaluating the Success of Watershed Rehabilitation Efforts in Gowa Regency: A Case Study on Forest and Land Restoration Mukti, Jauhar; hikmah, Hikmah; Kurniawan, Hendra; Sabri, Ahmad; Arty, Budi; Semu, Yuslan Demma
Jurnal Wasian Vol. 10 No. 02 (2023): December
Publisher : Forestry Department, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62142/b2whzj27

Abstract

The Ministry of Environment and Forestry designates forest and land rehabilitation (RHL) initiatives as a top priority in national policies. Forest and land rehabilitation refers to the deliberate actions taken to restore, preserve, and enhance the functionality of forests and land. Therefore, this study is to assess the viability of cultivating RHL plants. The methodology employed is the observation approach, which entails gathering data firsthand at the specific site. Plant area measurements are conducted on the physical planting area, quantified in hectares, and then compared to the intended plant area as specified in the design. Plant evaluation and assessment is conducted using the Systematic Sampling with Random Start approach, which involves randomly selecting the first measurement plot and then systematically selecting successive measuring plots. The sampling utilised a 5% interval. Rectangular measurement plots are formed with dimensions of 40 meters by 25 meters, resulting in an area of 0.1 hectares. The number of measuring plots can be determined by multiplying the percentage of interest (5%) by the plot area (in hectares) and then dividing by the area of each measuring plot (in hectares). This calculation results in a total of 43 measuring plots. The research findings indicate that the success rate of plant development varies between 76.33% and 77.17%, with an average value of 76.62%.
Assessing Agroforestry Impact on Household Income: A Study of the Bu’u Bei Community Forest (HKm) in Tina Bani Village, Ende, Indonesia Elfrida Kastila Ine Tiga; Lusia Sulo Marimpan; Astin Elise Mau; Nixon Rammang
Jurnal Wasian Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Forestry Department, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62142/5jw1by08

Abstract

Agroforestry systems play a critical role in supporting livelihoods across East Nusa Tenggara, including in the Bu'u Bei Community Forest (HKm) in Tina Bani Village, Ende District, Ende Regency, Indonesia. This study investigates agroforestry patterns and evaluates their contribution to household income among the 47 HKm member households, surveyed through a census in April and May 2024. Employing both descriptive and quantitative analyses, our research reveals that the agrisilviculture system, characterised by a random mixed planting pattern, dominates agroforestry practices in the village. Path dependency, rooted in long-standing traditions, significantly shapes these practices. Agroforestry contributed significantly to household income in 2023, accounting for 98.87% of total income. However, poor infrastructure, particularly damaged roads, limits market access and reduces the economic potential of these systems. The study emphasises the need for integrated land management approaches that address infrastructure deficits while strengthening the resilience of agroforestry systems. This research provides critical insights into the socio-economic and environmental roles of agroforestry, offering a valuable reference for policymakers and stakeholders committed to promoting sustainable forest management and rural development in Indonesia.
Optimising Growing Media Composition and Seed Selection Strategies For the Conversation of the Endangered Sandalwood (Santalum album Linn.) Agustina Sumarni Ciputri Blolok; Wilhelmina Seran; Astin Elise Mau; Muhamad Soimin
Jurnal Wasian Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Forestry Department, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62142/93nr9m09

Abstract

Overexploitation and insufficient conservation efforts have classified Sandalwood (Santalum album Linn.), an economically and ecologically significant species, as endangered. This study investigates the effects of seed size and growing media composition on the germination performance and growth of sandalwood seedlings, aiming to optimise seed selection and media composition strategies for its conservation. We employed a completely randomised design (CRD) experiment, which included three seed size categories (small, medium, and control) and three media compositions: soil and sand alone, soil and sand with chicken manure, and soil and sand with cow manure. Results revealed that the combination of medium-sized seeds and chicken manure (A2B1) yielded the highest fresh weight (0.31 g), while small seeds combined with chicken manure (A1B1) achieved the highest germination speed index (0.63%/day), germination value (0.07%/day), and dry weight (0.07 g). We identified chicken manure as the most effective organic amendment, enhancing soil structure, microbial activity, and nutrient availability. In contrast, cow manure exhibited slower nutrient release, and soil and sand alone hindered root development due to compact soil properties. These findings underscore the importance of nutrient-rich organic amendments and optimal seed selection in enhancing sandalwood germination and growth. This study provides actionable insights for sustainable sandalwood cultivation and conservation efforts. Further research should focus on field trials under variable environmental conditions to validate these strategies on a larger scale.
Responses of Stomatal Characteristics to Environmental Factors in Fabaceae Trees of the Urban Forest in Maros Regency Yahya, Roslina Yahya; Sukri, Hadija; Nirawati; Djarot, Ira Nurhayati Djarot
Jurnal Wasian Vol. 12 No. 01 (2025): June
Publisher : Forestry Department, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62142/xx0wes03

Abstract

The response of plants to environmental conditions is reflected in their stomatal characteristics, including stomatal type, number, and density. This novel research examines the influence of environmental factors on the stomatal characteristics of Fabaceae tree leaves in the Urban Forest of Maros Regency. The study explores the relationship between stomatal traits and environmental variables such as light intensity and air humidity. Data analysis employed Pearson correlation to assess how these variables affect stomatal number and density. The results reveal variations in stomatal types among Fabaceae species: Acacia exhibits diacytic stomata, Dadap Merah (Erythrina crista-galli L) has paracytic stomata, Trembesi shows normocytic stomata, and Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L) displays cyclocytic stomata. The study also finds that stomatal number and density are higher in the eastern region compared to the western region. Sengon exhibits the highest stomatal number and density among the species studied, whereas Dadap Merah has the lowest. Correlation analysis indicates that only the External Light Intensity of the Stand (ELIS) significantly affects stomatal number and density at the 0.05 (5%) level. Air humidity does not show a significant impact. These findings highlight the role of light intensity in shaping stomatal characteristics in Fabaceae trees within urban forests, contributing to a deeper understanding of plant-environment interactions and their ecological implications.
Recognition and Analysis of Pest-Induced Damage in Mangrove Ecosystems: A Case Study in Maros Coastal Region Muh Faisal Mappiasse; Andi Nurul Mukhlisa
Jurnal Wasian Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Forestry Department, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62142/syae7z28

Abstract

Mangroves in the coastal region of Maros Regency represent a critical ecosystem that plays a vital role in coastal protection, marine habitat provision, and climate change mitigation. However, these mangroves face numerous threats, including pest infestations that can severely damage the ecosystem. This study aims to (1) identify the types of pest attacks and the mangrove species affected in the coastal area of Maros Regency and (2) analyse the level of damage caused by these pest attacks. Using field observation methods, this research provides an in-depth analysis of mangrove damage resulting from pest infestations. The findings reveal several primary types of pest attacks, including leaf suckers, leaf-eating caterpillars, stem borers, and termites. The forms of damage include discoloured leaves, damaged shoots and leaves, open wounds, resin secretion, cracked stems, and broken or dead branches, with the severity ranging from mild to severe, depending on the mangrove species. This data is expected to serve as a foundation for better mangrove management strategies to mitigate pest-induced damage in Maros Regency.
Analysis of the Success and Vigour of Cashew Seedlings Through Direct Seed Planting (Anacardium occidentale L.) for Sustainable Land Management Asikin Muchtar; Nirwana Nirwana; Wahyullah Wahyullah; Mahmud Mahmud; Ummu Kultsum
Jurnal Wasian Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Forestry Department, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62142/k2c42y88

Abstract

This study investigates the success and vigour of cashew seedlings (Anacardium occidentale L.) through direct seed planting, focusing on its potential to support sustainable land management practices. Using a completely randomised design (CRD), the study applied three treatments: seed coat incision (treatment A), seed coat division (treatment B), and no seed coat treatment (treatment C, control), with each treatment repeated three times, involving 270 seeds in total. The results indicate that the control treatment (C), where seeds were planted intact, led to the highest germination success (97.76%), surpassing the other treatments. This method also resulted in better seedling growth, with superior increases in stem diameter (9.83 cm) and leaf production (3.36 leaves). Additionally, seedlings from the control treatment showed enhanced vigour, with an average height increase of 9.83 cm, indicating the benefits of planting seeds in their natural condition. These findings highlight the importance of direct seed planting in maintaining ecological balance and promoting sustainable agriculture practices. The intact-seed approach is recommended for future cashew planting, as it improves seedling growth, contributes to forest conservation, and reduces vulnerability to pest attacks. Thus, it supports long-term ecological resilience in land management systems. This study investigates the success and vigour of cashew seedlings (Anacardium occidentale L.) through direct seed planting, focusing on its potential to support sustainable land management practices. Using a completely randomised design (CRD), the study applied three treatments: seed coat incision (treatment A), seed coat division (treatment B), and no seed coat treatment (treatment C, control), with each treatment repeated three times, involving 270 seeds in total. The results indicate that the control treatment (C), where seeds were planted intact, led to the highest germination success (97.76%), surpassing the other treatments. This method also resulted in better seedling growth, with superior increases in stem diameter (9.83 cm) and leaf production (3.36 leaves). Additionally, seedlings from the control treatment showed enhanced vigour, with an average height increase of 9.83 cm, indicating the benefits of planting seeds in their natural condition. These findings highlight the importance of direct seed planting in maintaining ecological balance and promoting sustainable agriculture practices. The intact-seed approach is recommended for future cashew planting, as it improves seedling growth, contributes to forest conservation, and reduces vulnerability to pest attacks. Thus, it supports long-term ecological resilience in land management systems.
Understanding Generation Z's Ecotourism Motivation and Perception in Central Sulawesi Afief Rif'an; Fadjri Maarif; Delima Ayu Gustina Situmorang
Jurnal Wasian Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Forestry Department, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62142/4wsdga12

Abstract

The emergence of Generation Z, which constitutes the majority of Indonesia's population, has the potential to drive national progress and promote environmental sustainability. This study aims to explore Generation Z's motivations toward ecotourism and examine their perceptions of ecotourism in Central Sulawesi. A qualitative research approach was employed, utilizing interviews and questionnaires as data collection methods. Respondents consisted of individuals from Generation Z (aged 11–27 years) residing in Central Sulawesi. Likert scale analysis was used to measure the level of motivation and perception among Generation Z regarding ecotourism. The findings reveal that Generation Z's motivation for ecotourism is influenced by both internal and external factors, with internal motivation being slightly more dominant (a difference of 0.23%). Furthermore, the study indicates that Generation Z's perception of ecotourism in Central Sulawesi reflects limited awareness and understanding of conservation values and environmental sustainability. Improvements in facilities and service quality were found to positively influence Generation Z's perception of ecotourism. The study concludes that enhanced development efforts can strengthen both motivation and perception, thereby increasing participation levels and fostering a positive impact on ecotourism.
Assessment and Spatial Mapping of Soil Degradation Status in Bontoharu District, Selayar Islands Regency: A Framework for Sustainable Land Management Sudiyanto, I Wayan; Wahyudi, Wahyudi
Jurnal Wasian Vol. 12 No. 01 (2025): June
Publisher : Forestry Department, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62142/s431wp41

Abstract

This research conducts a comprehensive spatial assessment of the soil degradation status in the Bontoharu District, Selayar Islands Regency, to facilitate evidence-based sustainable land management strategies. By employing an integrated methodological framework that combines GIS-based spatial analysis, field surveys, and laboratory testing, the study evaluates various parameters, including physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. Key environmental factors examined include rainfall patterns, topography, soil typology, and land use practices. Primary data obtained from field sampling was supplemented with secondary data sources, including CHIRPS rainfall data (2014-2023), digital elevation models, and official land use classifications. The findings indicate that while 81.78% of the study area demonstrates low degradation levels, approximately 18.22% encounters significant soil degradation challenges, with 7.85% classified as very critical. The spatial distribution analysis revealed that surface rock fragments, shallow solum depth, and unfavourable soil physical properties are the predominant limiting factors. The areas most vulnerable to degradation correlate with steep slopes (greater than 45%) and intensive agricultural activities. The study outlines spatially explicit recommendations for targeted conservation interventions, including reforestation in critical areas (1,288.42 hectares), community forest development (1,018.54 hectares), organic matter amendments, and enhancement of land use practices. This research highlights the importance of integrated spatial assessments in formulating location-specific conservation strategies and provides a methodological framework that is applicable to similar island ecosystems facing soil degradation challenges.
Insectivorous Birds Dominate Across Land-Use Gradient Revealing Unexpected Ecological Resilience in Tropical Forest-Coffee Landscapes Iswandaru, Dian; Rahma Fitriana, Yulia; Darmawan, Arief; Kaskoyo, Hari; Wulandari, Christine; Safe'I, Rahmat; Herwanti, Susni; Novriyanti, Novriyanti; Gumay Febryano, Indra; pardede, lusiana
Jurnal Wasian Vol. 12 No. 01 (2025): June
Publisher : Forestry Department, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62142/5vf89h84

Abstract

Vegetation is essential for birds to fulfil their life requirements. Monoculture coffee plantations, coffee-based agroforestry systems, and forests in HKm Wana Jaya provide potential habitats for various animal species, including birds. This research assessed bird diversity, richness, evenness, species dominance, feeding guilds, and conservation status across these three land cover types. The point count method was employed for data collection. Data were quantitatively analysed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, the Margalef richness index, the Pielou evenness index, and the Simpson dominance index. The study recorded 35 bird species from 19 families comprising 167 individuals. Species diversity values across all three land cover types fell within the moderate category, with forest exhibiting the highest value (2.988), followed by coffee agroforestry (2.648) and monoculture coffee (2.035). The highest species richness was found in the forest (5.429) and the lowest in monoculture coffee (2.970). The highest species evenness was recorded in coffee agroforestry (0.935) and the lowest in monoculture coffee (0.849), while species dominance values across all three land cover types were categorised as low (0.061-0.172). Insectivorous birds dominated feeding guilds across all habitat types, revealing unexpected ecological resilience. Of the species recorded, 29 are classified as Least Concern, two as Vulnerable, four as Near Threatened, while 10 species are protected under national legislation, and three species are listed in CITES Appendix II. The findings suggest that while forests maintain the highest biodiversity value, coffee agroforestry systems can provide crucial supplementary bird conservation habitats in modified landscapes.
Understanding Traditional Walnut Management System in Forest Communities of Selayar Islands, Indonesia Pratiwi, Rini; Makkarennu, Makkarennu; Ridwan, Ridwan
Jurnal Wasian Vol. 12 No. 01 (2025): June
Publisher : Forestry Department, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62142/y4srf690

Abstract

This study examines traditional walnut management systems in Onto Village, Selayar Islands, Indonesia, using a Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) framework to understand how forest communities have developed and maintained sustainable resource management practices through generations. Through purposive sampling, 24 walnut farmers were interviewed to document indigenous management practices and utilization patterns associated with heritage trees averaging 40-50 years old. The research reveals a comprehensive five-stage management system—planting, harvesting, drying, peeling, and marketing—developed through accumulated traditional knowledge and continuously refined through practical application. Communities demonstrate sophisticated multi-functional utilization strategies that maximise resource efficiency: kernels serve as food and spices, timber provides construction materials, and shells become fuel for charcoal production. However, significant constraints limit the full potential of this traditional system, including reliance on conventional drying methods, limited processing technology, exclusive marketing of raw products, and absence of systematic replanting programmes, despite favourable market prices (IDR 60,000-100,000/kg). The study demonstrates how traditional ecological knowledge enables sustainable forest resource management whilst providing stable community livelihoods. The documented practices reflect generations of adaptive learning and environmental understanding that maintain both economic benefits and ecological integrity. However, finding highlights the complexities that arise between traditional knowledge and market pressures could emphasizing the importance of developing initiatives that honor traditional practices while also fostering positive economic outcomes. These insights unique contribute to understanding how traditional knowledge can inform sustainable forest management policies and support culturally appropriate development approaches in forest-dependent communities.

Page 12 of 13 | Total Record : 121

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