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Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research)
Published by Persatuan Ahli Gizi Indonesia
ISSN : 01259717     EISSN : 23388358     DOI : https://doi.org/10.36457
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences
Focus and Scope Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan is a journal developed to disseminate and discuss the scientific literature and other research on the development of health in the field of food and nutrition. This journal is intended as a medium for communication among stake holders on health research such asresearchers, educators, students, practitioners of Health Office, Department of Health, Public Health Service center, as well as the general public who have an interest in the matter. The journal is trying to meet the growing need to study health. Vision: Becoming a notable national journal in the field of food and nutritions towards a reputable international journal. Mission: Providing scientific communication media in food and nutritions research in order to advance science andtechnology in related fields. Organizes scholarly journal publishing in health research with an attempt to achieve a high impact factorin the development of science and technology.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 597 Documents
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PENCAPAIAN PERTUMBUHAN PADA BALITA GIZI BURUK SELAMA MENGIKUTI PEMULIHAN DI KLINIK GIZI BOGOR Sri Muljati; Sihadi Sihadi; Amelia Amelia; Salimar Salimar; Rika Rahmawati
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 29 No. 1 (2006)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v29i1.1402.

Abstract

Growth Attainment of Severe Wasted Children Under Five Years Old Attending Out Patient Nutrition Clinic In Bogor.Background: Growth failure among children under five years old is widely known to cause high prevalence of severe malnutrition in Indonesia (3%). Treatment of those suffering from severe wasted children is done in out patient clinic in Bogor for six mounth period.Objective: To study growth attainment of severe wasting children and its related factors.Methods: A total of 536 children attending the clinic from 2001-2005 was selected according to inclusion criteria, some variables related to growth was also collected. They were divided into two groups who attained or not based on growth trajectory and analyzed by using Cox regessing model.Result: 20% children suffering from severe wasting attained growth after 6 months of treatment, while the rest failed. Growth attainment varied among children. Children aged less than 6 months, suffering less frequent influenza and having sign and symptom of severe malnutrition is was likely to attain growth based on growth trajectory.Recommendltlon: A more intensive care of severe wasted children is needed, which includes increasing compliance of food supplement consumption and improving awarenees of sign and symptoms of severe malnutrition.Keywords: growth trajectory, severe wasting
HUBUNGAN KADAR ENZYM KHOLINESTERASE DENGAN KADAR HORMON THYROID PADA WUS DI DAERAH GONDOK ENDEMIK Sukati S.; Suryati K.; M. Ichsan; Mucherdiyantiningsih Mucherdiyantiningsih; Djoko Kartono
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 29 No. 1 (2006)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v29i1.1403.

Abstract

The Relationship Between Cholinesterase Enzym and Iodine Status of Child Bearing Age Woman (CBAW) In The Endemic Goitre Area.Background: Pesticide as a pollutant substance is a goitrogenic agent. It can form a strong complex bound with iodine in the body. Women who ive in the endemic goiter, area where the iodine source in the nature is limited and frequently exposed by pesticide, can increase the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorder (IDD).Objectives: To find out the relationship between cholinesterase enzyme concentration (as an indicator of pesticide exposure in the body) and iodine status of women in the endemic goiter area.Methods: The study was conducted in Pakis sub district, Magelang Regency, Central Java on July to November 2005. The design of the research was "cross-sectional" study. Samples were 265 women of child bearing age (17-35 years old). The data collected were concentration of free T4 (FT4) , cholinesterase enzyme in plasma, intake of cyanide originated from food, concentration of urine iodine excretion (UIE), type of contraception used and nutritional status. The concentration of serum FT4 were divided into two group (< 0.79 ng/gL = low > nonnal). These data were analyzed by using chi-square test with odd ratio at 95% CL. Association between independent and dependent variables by controlling other variable were analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results: Pesticides that frequently used in the area of study was Organophosphate and Carbamat The pesticide residue on raw vegetables was Carbofuran. Its concentration was 0.056 to 55.65 mg/kg. The highest residues was found in cabbage and it had exceeded the maximum limit of permitted residue. The pesticide residue of cooked vegetables was very low. Low concentration of cholinesterase enzyme (< 3600 U/L) was found in 3.8% women. More than 29% had low iodine status. Logistic regression analysis showed that women exposed to pesticide had 33 fold greater risk for IDD than that of without any pesticide exposure.Conclusions: The highest concentration of pesticide residue was obtained on raw cabbage and raw mustard green. It ranged from 2 to 10 times of maximum limit permitted residue according to Ministry of Health. Percentage of women who exposed by pesticide (carbamat) was 3.8%. It was showed that 29.3% of woman has low iodine status. Women exposed to pesticide had 100 risk 33 fold greater than that without any cyanide exposure.Suggestions: To minimize the hazardous effect of pesticide on health, it is suggested that the vegetables should be cooked property before consuming. It is necessary to do further research by takilg account the effect of cyanide air pollution inhaled besides cyanide from food. The more intensive control of using pesticide needs to be doneperiodically.Keywords: cholinesterase enzyme, iodine status and endemic goiter
STATUS GIZI BALITA DI DAERAH TERTINGGAL TAHUN 2004 (KAJIAN DATA SKRT 2004) Felly P. Senewe; Sandjaja Sandjaja
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 29 No. 1 (2006)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v29i1.1404.

Abstract

Nutritional Status of Under-Five In Less Developed Areas (Analysis of Household Health Survey of 2004).Background: Less Developed Areas (LOA) as defined areas that have in part area with low socio-economic status or low access to public services including health. These conditions are unfavourable for growth of children. Aware about these problems may create programs to lift up the quality of human resources in the areas. Therefore, it is important to have information of the nutritional status of under fives in LOA.Objectives: To have information on the nutritional status of under five children in LOA districts.Methods: This exercise used data of household health survey 2004. The samples were classified into wasting, stunting and underweight. Descriptive analysis was conducted to compare the prevalence of wasting, stunting and underweight between LOA and non LOA.Results: The prevalence of wasting, stunting and underweight are higher in LOA as compared to non LOA. Except in urban LOA the prevalence of underweight is 9.1% as compared urban non LOA 11.3%.Keywords: nutritional status, less developed area.
BESARAN MASALAH GIZI BALITA KABUPATEN BOGOR BERDASARKAN BAKU ANTROPOMETRI NCHS DAN WHO 2005 Iman Sumarno
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 29 No. 1 (2006)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v29i1.1405.

Abstract

The Magnitude of Malnutrition Among Under-Five In The District Of Bogor Using Anthropometric Standard Of NCHS And WHO 2005.Background: In the early June 2006 WHO introduced new Anthropometric standard. The WHO recommended the Southeast Asian countries to adopt the new standard. The standard is supported by software for data analysis. There seem no objections in adopting the standard. However, the experts group of Indonesian Nutrition Association demands to evaluate the standard, before Indonesia use it in the nutrition program. This paper is one of the activities in evaluating the impact of adopting new standard to the magnitude of malnutrition.Methods: This exercise use the data of Growth Monitoring Survey in the District of Bogor. The data were proccessed using the WHO anthropometric software. The data were analysed descriptively.Result: It was found that there is no significant difference in the prevalence of wasting, between using the NCHS and WHO standard (10.7% vs 11.1%). But the prevalence of wasting is doubling in the age group 0-5 months (7.8% vs 15.7%). The prevalence of stunted slightly increase, (14.7% by NCHS versus 18% by WHO). The prevalence of stunting is 34.1% by NCHS and 39.2% by WHO. The prevalence of severe underweight is the same; however, the prevalence of underweight is on the other way around. The prevalence is 20.2% by NCHS and become 15.9% by the WHO it is interesting to note when involving weight the prevalence always higher by WHO in the age group of 0-5 months.Conclusion: The lower prevalence of underweight may cause a problem in the program because this is the parameter that is used in the program. The target of nutrition program is set 20% underweight if we use WHO the prevalence now from 20.2% became 15%.Keywords: nutritional status index, anthropometric standard
PROFIL DISTRIBUSI LEMAK TUBUH DAN LEMAK DARAH DEWASA GEMUK DI PERDESAAN DAN PERKOTAAN Fitrah Emawati; Muherdiyantiningsih Muherdiyantiningsih; Rustan Effendi; Susilowati Herman
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 27 No. 1 (2004)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v27i1.1406.

Abstract

THE PROFILE OF BODY FAT DISTRIBUTION AND SERUM LIPID OF THE OBESE ADULT IN RURAL AND URBAN AREA.Background: Coronary heart disease is becoming prevalent in productive age in Java and Bali, while one of the risk of coronary heart disease is dislipidemia which have correlation to obesity and overweight. Objectives: To know the profile of body fat distribution and serum lipid of the obese adult living in rural and urban area. Methods: The design of the study is correlational. The study was done in  2 sub-districts, Ranca Bungur and Tanah Sareal, Bogor. Samples of the study were adult men and women who had BMI > 25 kg/m2 and aged 30-55 years old. Results: Samples who live in urban area had higher BMI than those live in rural area (31 ± 3.8 kg/m2 vs 29 ± 2.9 kg/m2), while women live in rural area had subscapula and suprailiaca with bicep and tricep rasio (SSi-BT) slightly higher than those in urban area (1,44 ± 0.29 vs 1,32 ± 0.27). Men live in urban area had HDL and LDL cholesterol level higher than those in rural area. The concentration of cholesterol and blood pressure of samples who live in rural higher than those in urban. The activity level of women and men in urban area were lighter than those in rural area. Abdominal to hip ratio of women in rural had correlation to blood glucose and LDL level while fat distribution of women living in urban had no correlation to serum lipid. SSi-BT and abdominal to hip ratio (RLPP) of men in rural had correlation to trigliceride, on the other hand the abdominal to hlp ratio of men who lived in urban had correlation to cholesterol level. Conclusions: Fat distribution of men and women in rural area distributed to central of the body (abdominal), while women in urban area distributed to general of the body and men was mainly located in central of the body (abdominal). Abdominal to hip ratio and SSi-BT had correlation to serum lipid, but not BMI. The activity level of women and men in rural or urban had no correlation to serum lipid.Keywords: body fat distribution, serum lipid, obese adult, rural, urban 
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN KAPSUL IODIUM DOSIS TINGGI TERHADAP STATUS IODIUM WANITA USIA SUBUR (WUS) YANG MENGKONSUMSI BAHAN MAKANAN SUMBER SIANIDA TINGGI M. Saidin; Sukati S.; Suryati K.; Dhoni Kristanto; Samsudin Samsudin
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 27 No. 1 (2004)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v27i1.1407.

Abstract

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ORAL HIGH DOSE IODINE SUPPLEMENTATION TO IODINE STATUS OF CHILDBEARING AGE WOMEN CONSUMING OF FOOD HIGH IN CYANIDE CONTENT.Background: It was reported by Iodine Deficiency Disorder Research Institute of Ministry of Health that prevalence of childbearing age women (CBAW) with abnormal of serum Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) value in Magelang district was around 23%, while Urine Iodine Excretion (UIE) considered normal (112 πg/L). The average of cyanide content of daily food consumed was 29.4 mg/day. These findings indicated that there was a relationship between cyanide consumed and Iodine Deficiency Disorder (IDD). As one of goitrogenic agents, cyanide inhibited Iodide (I) entering into thyroid cells, further more disturbed process of thyroid hormone (T4 and TSH) synthesis. Objectives: To investigate the effect of the supplementation of high dose Iodine by oral (capsules) to iodine status of childbearing age women consuming foods high cyanide in IDD endemic area. Methods: The  study design was "intervention with quasi experiment trial". The study sites covered two sub-district, namely Srumbung and Salam sub-district of Magelang district of Central Java. A total of 80 CBAW (19-45 years old) consuming high intake of cyanide were randomly taken as treatment group and another 80 CBAW with low intake of cyanide as control group. Data collection was conducted before and after supplementation of iodine capsules (200 mg). Each subject received two capsules and was evaluated 6 months later. Data collected were cyanide content of daily food consumed, serum TSH, urine thiocyanate and urine iodine excretion as well. Results: The baseline data showed that no significant difference In the UIE between group I (CBAW high intake of cyanide) (99 ng/L) and group II, those of consuming low intake of cyanide (103.5 ng/L). After one month intervention the UIE of both groups increased significantly, group I = 311 ng/L and group II = 339 ng/L. After 6 months intervention the UIE of both groups still considered high, group I= 291 ng/L and group II = 315 ng/L. The proportion of CBAW with low status of iodine (based on TSH value > 5 nJ/L) for group I decreased to 6.3%, while for group II no changes. The effectiveness of high dose iodine supplementation to iodine status of CBAW with high intake of cyanide was slightly lower than those with low intake of cyanide (70 vs 100). Conclusions: Neither difference effect of high dose iodine supplementation to iodine status of childbearing age women with high intake of cyanide nor to those with low intake of cyanide. Keywords: effectiveness, high dose, supplementation, iodine status, childbearing age women, cyanide, Urine Iodine Excretion, thyroid hormone. 
PENURUNAN KADAR SIANIDA SINGKONG PAHIT PADA PROSES FERMENTASI CAIR BAKTERI BREVIBACTERIUM LACTOFERMENTEMUM BL-1M76 Suryana Purawisastra; Heru Yuniati
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 27 No. 1 (2004)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v27i1.1408.

Abstract

THE REDUCTION OF THE CYANIDE CONTENT OF BITIER CASSAVA BY THE PROCESS OF LIQUID FERMENTATION USING BREVIBACTERIUM LACTOFERMENTUM BL-1M76.Background: Cassava is one of the important source of carbohydrate in tropical countries, that easliy grows in any kind of soil. However, there is a kind of cassava containing cyanide substance, which is toxic for human consumption. This kind of cassava known as bitter cassava contains more starch, but it can't be used as food directly. Usually, people uses this cassava as raw material for producing starch known as 'tapioka' by the traditional method. The cyanide substance in cassava can be degraded by bacteria known as Brevibacterium sp R312 that is capable to degrade about 80% of the cyianide content in cassava, since this bacteria produces some enzymes namely E glucosidase, nitrilhydratase, and amidase, which degrade this cyanide substance. In our laboratory, has another strain of this bacteria, Brevibacterium fermentum BL-1M76, which Is not harmful and has potential capability in producing amino acid of lysine. Objectives: The study was conducted to investigate the potential of the bacteria Brevibacterium fermentum BL-1M76 in reducting of the cyanide substance of bitter cassava using the process of liquid fermentation. Materials and Methods: This experiment used four kinds of bitter cassava obtained from the Balai Penelitian Bioteknologi Tanaman Pangan, Departemen Pertanian (The Research Station of Biotechnology for Food Crops). Those cassavas are known as Adira II, Adria IV, 39.1.1 code, and 46.8 code. The liquid fermentation was conducted in the erlenmeyer flask 250 ml containing 10 ml of 10% cassava medium. The process of fermentation was done in two steps. The first step was to decide the maxmium volume and concentration cell of bacteria suspension, and the duration time of the incubation at the 28°C. The observation was done to the changes content of cyanide, and protein of the cassava medium due to the fermentation. Results: The maximum volume of bacteria cell in the first fermentation was 5 ml for 10 ml of 10% cassava medium. In the second fermentation indicated that the achievement degradation of Brevibacterium fermentum BL-1M76 cyanide substances for all kind bitter cassava was 100%. However, the protein content was not shown any different.Conclusions: The cyanide substance contained in bitter cassava known as Adira II, Adira IV, 39.1.1 code, and 46.8 code can be degraded by the bacteria of Brevibacterium fermentum BL-1M76 in the process of liquid fermentation. Keywords: cyanide, brevibacterium fermentum, bitter cassava, liquid fermentation 
PENGARUH OLAHRAGA AEROBIK DAN PEMBERIAN PIL BESI TERHADAP STATUS BESI DAN TINGKAT KESEGARAN JASMANI REMAJA Dewi Permaesih; Yuniar Rosmalina; Susilowati Herman; Dangsina Moeloek
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 27 No. 1 (2004)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v27i1.1409.

Abstract

THE IMPACT OF AEROBIC EXERCISE AND IRON TABLETS ON PHYSICAL FITNESS AND IRON STATUS AMONG ADOLESCENT.Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA), as measured by hemoglobin level below normal value, is the most prevalent micronutrient deficiency in Indonesia. IDA among adolescent has been shown in some studies not only affect health status but also on decreasing learning concentration and physical fitness. So far, iron supplementation has been shown to improve iron status effectively and theoretically may also improve physical fitness among high risk groups especially adolescent. Objectives: To determine the effect of aerobic exercise and iron supplementation on physical fitness and iron status among adolescent. Methods: The  subjects were adolescent boys aged 13-19 years old suffering from IDA In three Islamic boarding schools (Pondok Pesantren). A total of 181 selected subjects were assigned into two groups. The intervention group received iron tablet and aerobic exercise 3 times a week, while the control group received only iron tablet 3 times a week for the period of 7 weeks. Variables included in the study were health status assessed by physical examination by medical doctor, hemoglobin concentration, serum transferrin level, and cardiovascular endurance which were assessed before and after the intervention. Cardiovaskular endurance was measured by time needed to run for the distance of 2400 meters. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of IDA among adolescent of Islamic boarding school was 40 percent. Hemoglobin concentration in the intervention group increased  significantly (2.02 ± 1.26 gram/dL) compared to that in the control group (0.83 ± 0.93 gram/dL) Serum transferrin receptor decreased by -0.41 + 2.3 and -0.28 ± 4.9 ug/L in the intervention and control groups respectively. Cardiovaskular endurance was significantly better in the intervention group (1.9 ± 0.3 minute faster) compared to that in the control group (0.5 ± 0.3 minute slower) after the intervention. Conclusions: Iron supplementation and aerobic exercise regularly significantly improve iron status and physical fitness among adolescent. Keywords: Iron tablet, physical fitness, aerobic exercise 
PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TERHADAP KEGEMUKAN PADA ANAK DI ANTARA IBU-IBU MURID SD USIA 9-10 TAHUN DI KOTA BANDUNG Trintrin T. Mudjianto; Hermina Hermina
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 27 No. 2 (2004)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v27i2.1410.

Abstract

KNOWLEDGE AND ATIITUDES TOWARD CHILDHOOD OBESITY AMONG MOTHERS OF 9-10 YEARS OLD ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN BANDUNG CITYBackground: Obesity is a major contributor for many degenerative diseases. In some populations, metabolic consequences of weight gain were onset as moderate overweight. There is a consistent trend of overweight and obesity in Indonesia and this was tendend to increase in younger adults and children. Objectives: This research aimed to explore and analyze the knowledge and attitudes in revand to childhood obesity among mothers of the Elementary School children (ESC). Methods: One hundred and twelve mothers who owned children aged 9-10 years who studied at the favorites ESC in Bandung City, West Java Province, involved in a cross-sectional study. The ESC was purposively selected, based on observation and data from the provincial government's education office showed that have many overweight students. Results: Mothers of the ESC who haved complete knowledge about obesity (3.6%). The mothers were lack of knowledge about obesity problem (63.4%). Most of the mothers felt unhappy or not proud if they have obese children (94.6%). Many mothers of the ESC felt not proud if their children were obese shown that they had a positive attitude if they got an appropriate information.Conclusions: Socialization of family nutrition awareness should be needed,with this way,every family, especially parents, is more care on childhood nutrition among others how to assess the children's nutritionalstatus and how to monitor their growth status. Childhood obesity could be prevented as early as possible if the nutrition awareness among parents is achieved.Keywords: childhood obesity, knowledge and attitudes, mother, Elementary School children
EFEKTIVITAS INTERVENSI GARAM IODIUM MELALUI RUMAH TANGGA TERHADAP PENURUNAN TGR PADA ANAK SEKOLAH Basuki Budiman; Komari Komari; M. Saidin
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 27 No. 2 (2004)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v27i2.1411.

Abstract

THE EFFECTIVITY OF IODIZED SALT INTERVENTION THROUGH HOUSEHOLDS TO THE TGR IN SCHOOL CHILDREN.Background: The program to control iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in Indonesia has been  implemented for more than three decades. The total goiter rate (TGR) was decreased dramatically  from 28.2% in 1982 to 9.8% in 1998. However national survey of iodine deficiency disorders in 2003 found that TGR at national level did not decrease in the period of 1998 to 2003. The number of severe endemic area was decreased, but the number of mild endemic area was increased. This raises the question on the effectivity of the program. The finding can lead to the condusion that using high dose iodine capsule might very effective compared to iodized salts. This paper reports the effect of a three-months iodized salt intervention to the TGR in school children. Objectives: To study the effectivity of iodized salt intervention through households in reducing goiter by palpation to assess the size of the thyroid glands of the goiter in the school children. Methods: A number of 81 families of school children aged 7-12 years were supplied with 2400 grams of iodized salt contained 60 ppm for three months. The study was conducted in endemic iodine deficiency area in Kola Batu, East Java province. The goiter was measured by palpation, and iodine in the urine was analyzed using wet digestion method. The measurements were conducted before and after the intervention.Results: After three months intervention, the goiter rate was decreased by 64.8 percents. There was a significant elevation of iodine excretion in urine level, even in the subjects who had not decreased their goiter gland volume.Conclusions: The study found that the supplementation of iodized salt through the households was very effective in reducing the TGR in school children.

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