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Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research)
Published by Persatuan Ahli Gizi Indonesia
ISSN : 01259717     EISSN : 23388358     DOI : https://doi.org/10.36457
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences
Focus and Scope Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan is a journal developed to disseminate and discuss the scientific literature and other research on the development of health in the field of food and nutrition. This journal is intended as a medium for communication among stake holders on health research such asresearchers, educators, students, practitioners of Health Office, Department of Health, Public Health Service center, as well as the general public who have an interest in the matter. The journal is trying to meet the growing need to study health. Vision: Becoming a notable national journal in the field of food and nutritions towards a reputable international journal. Mission: Providing scientific communication media in food and nutritions research in order to advance science andtechnology in related fields. Organizes scholarly journal publishing in health research with an attempt to achieve a high impact factorin the development of science and technology.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 597 Documents
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ENERGI EXPENDITURE PADA LANSIA Yuniar Rosmalina; Dewi Permaesih; Fitrah Emawati; Reviana Christiani; Susilowati Herman
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 25 No. 2 (2002)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v25i2.1422.

Abstract

ENERGY EXPENDITURE OF ELDERLY PEOPLE.Background: Physical activity is a factor to estimate the energy requirement. The elderly tend to reduce their activities which influence their energy requirement. Now aday the energy need for elderly is extrapolated from the adult. Energy expenditure based on their daily activities Is a method to estimate the energy requirement.Objectives: The purpose of the study was to assess energy expenditure of elderly people based on the daily physical activities.Methods: The study was conducted in 2 sub-sub districts of Bogar Country. A total of 92 elderly (42 men and 50 women) were included in this study. The inclusion criteria were BMI 18.5- 25.0, physically and hematologically healthy and agree to participate in this study. Physical activities data were collected 3 days respectively using method record and recall and energy intakes using 3 day food record by weighing.Results: The average age was 67.5 ± 5,1 years for male elderly and 65.4 ± 3.9 years of female elderly. Recreational activities (reading, watching TV, sitting) were the most activities done by male elderly (34.9% of the day) while female elderly 34.8% of the day were spent for sleeping activity. The highest energy expenditure of male elderly was contributed from reactional activities (570.3 ± 187.8) Kcal/day while female elderly the highest energy expenditure was contributed from household work activities. The average energy expenditure for male elderly was 1870.2 ± 261.2 Kcal/day or 34.4 Kcal/Body weight/day and female elderly was 1840.2 ± 255.7 Kcal/day or 38.2 Kcal/Body weight/day. The energy Intake of male elderly was 1858 ± 471.7 Kcal/day or 34.1 Kcal/Body weight/day and female elderly was 1472 ± 255.7 Kcal/day or 30.8 Kcal/Body weight/day.Conclusions: Conclusion of this research was the energy expenditure of male elderly balance with their energy consumption, while the energy expenditure of female elderly higher than their energy consumption.Recommendations: Further study on physical activities of elderly of different culture in Indonesia is needed.Keywords: elderly, physical activities, energy expenditure
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERKEMBANGAN MENTAL DAN PSIKOMOTOR PADA ANAK BATITA GIZI KURANG Sri Muljati; Heryudarini Heryudarini; Sandjaja Sandjaja; Anies Irawati; Sudjasmin Sudjasmin
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 25 No. 2 (2002)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v25i2.1423.

Abstract

DETERMINANT FACTORS OF MENTAL AND PSYCHOMOTOR DEVELOPMENT ON MALNOURISHED CHILDREN.Background: The study was carried out in Dramaga-Bogor 1998. Dramaga sub-district was agricultural area that had high proportion of malnourished children under 5 years in Bogor. Inadequate nutrient intake on children motivation, playing as well as children's interaction with mothers and environment.Objectives: The study was conducted to examine the determinant factors of Mental Development Index (MDI) and Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) on malnourished children.Methods: The study was cross sectional, subjects were under three years children that had weight for age < 70% median NCHS. Bailey Mental and Motor development were examined by psychologist in Nutrition Research and Development Centre were asked about social economic and caring practices at home with Mothers or caretakers.Results: The results show that age and stimulation that mothers given effect Mental Development Index (MDI) and Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) on malnourished children. The equation for PDI was Y = 43.849 + 9.322 children's age -7.942 mother's age + 0.009 mother's age * the amount of stimulation often given. The equation for MDI was Y = 91.344 + 25.972 children's age -11.217 mother's age + 0.198 mother's age * the amount of stimulation often given. For MDI was 25.7% and for PDI was 9.3% by children's age after controlling mother's age and stimulation that often given. In order to catch the optimal growth and development, the main focus to improve went should only focusing on body growth but also mental and motor development as well.Keywords: malnourished children, growth and development
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEMAMPUAN MOTORIK ANAK USIA 12-18 BULAN DI KELUARGA MISKIN DAN TIDAK MISKIN Vita Kartika; S. Latinulu
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 25 No. 2 (2002)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v25i2.1424.

Abstract

FACTORS INFLUENCED ON MOTORIC PERFORMANCE OF CHILDREN AGED 12-18 MONTHS OF POOR AND WELL OF FAMILIES.Background: The development of rough motoric is one process during early child growth is influenced by some factors such as nutritional status, energy and protein intake and activities.Objectives: To find out related and dominant factors as well as dominant factors which influenced rough motoric performance of children.Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted in Ciomas sub district, Bogor district. West Java. Samples are children aged 12-18 months and belongs to poor and well off families. There are 23 children of the poor and 20 children of the well off families were choosen purposively. Data were analised out using Chi square test and logistic regression test of the SPSS program.Results: There were significant differences between rough motoric performance of the children of the two groups (p<0.05). The were 20 children (46.5%) had slow rough motoric development; 15 (65.2 %) of them were derived poor families and 5 (25.0%) children from well off families, 6 out of 15 (40.0%) children from poor families had weight for height Z- score < -2 SD and 9 (60.0%) children had Z-score > -2 SD. Amount of energy and protein intake were significantly related to rough motoric development of the children (p<0.05). There are 10 out of 15 (66.7%) children of poor families who suffenng from slow rough motoric development also suffering from Jack of energy and 12 (80.0%) children lack of protein Intake. It was also found that rough motoric performance of children significantly related to their activities (p<0.05), namely 7 (46.7%) children found that decreased their activities. Determinant factors of rough motoric performance in early child development were suficient energy and protein intake showed by equation model: Y = 1.5134 + 1,2915* Energy + 1,3539* Protein.Conslusions: Significant factors that related to rough motoric performance of the children were energy and protein intake and their activities.Keywords: rough motoric performance, nutritional status, energy and protein intake, children activities
STUDI DAMPAK PEMBERIAN MAKANAN PENDAMPING AIR SUSU IBU (MP-ASI) TERHADAP TINGKAT PERTUMBUHAN ANAK USIA 5 BULAN Vita Kartika; Abas B. Jahari
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 26 No. 1 (2003)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v26i1.1425.

Abstract

STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF THE SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING ON THE GROWTH RATE OF 5 MONTH OLD INFANT AT THE BOGOR REGENCYBackground: Growth faltering of infants In Indonesia started at their early life i.e 1-3 month of their age. Growth faltering appear mainly due to the supplementary feeding practice which is not adequate for their requirement. Objectives: The objectives of this research are to evaluate the effect of food supplementation which made by industry. The food contains allmicronutrient as well as macronutrients that are needed for the growth of 5 month infant. Methods: Research design is quasi experimental. Data analysis were used univariat, bivariat, multivariat analysis (linear regression) to find out independent variable which most influenced to the weight increase of the sample. Sample population are infants 5 month old from the poor families at Kemang and Ciomas district which fulfill the inclusion of criteria. The treatment group (53 samples) received intervention in form of supplementary food made by industry containing energy 197 kcal and 4,8 gram protein, given 48 gram/day for 4 months period, on the other hand the control group (51 samples) did not receive food intervention. The foods were distributed weekly. Data collection (anthropometries measurement) of infant every months during 4 months period of this research. Results: After 4 months intervention, the weight of treatment group has higher increase  than the control group which is 1,30 kg for the treatment group and 0,52 kg for the control group. Growth rate during 4 months period can be seen from the z score point according to weight for age and weight for length indexes. Z score showed significant difference (p<0,005) between the two groups. At treatment group although the growth rate tend to decrease it was stil on the normal rate while in the control group the growth development were sharply decrease below the normal weight (<2 SD).Conclusions: Intervention by formulated supplementary food made by industry increased body weight significally. Intervention improved the intake of energy, protein and iron and decreased the morbidity rate significally. Keywords: growth rate, supplementary food and morbidity. 
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN TINGKAT KESEGARAN JASMANI LANSIA LAKI-LAKI TIDAK ANEMIA Yuniar Rosmalina; Dewi Permaesih; Fitrah Emawati; Reviana Christiani; Dangsia Moeloek; Susilowati Herman
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 26 No. 1 (2003)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v26i1.1426.

Abstract

FACTORS RELATED TO PHYSICAL FITNESS OF NON-ANEMIC MALE ELDERLYBackground: Physical fitness can be used as indicator of the community health including elderly people. One of the benefit is elderly could live independently and do their daily activities without assistant. Since there were some factors related to physical fitness of the elderly people. This study aim to determine what factors were associated with physical fitness of non anemic male elderly in rural and urban area. Methods: 217 non anemic male elderly in rural area and 289 in urban area were participated in this study. After screening on blood hemoglobin level an agreed to participate the measurement followed by physical fitness measurements. Nutritional status was calculated from their body weight and height. Structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on sociodemographic factors, sosial activities, daily physical activities. Semi-FFQ was applied to assess their energy and protein intake. Results: The proportion of elderly who had low level physical fitness was 57.1% in rural area and 82.6% in urban area. Statistical analysis shows that the level of physical fitness in rural area was significantly associated with sociodemographic characteristic (age, current occupational and economic burden), sosial activities (religious activities), life style (current and previous smoking status), health status (systolic and diastolic blood level), energy and protein intakes. In Urban area shows that the level of physical fitness was significantly associated with life style (current smoking status, physical activities level, nutrtitional status, health status (systolic blood level) and energy and protein intakes. Conclusions: Several factors which cause the difference of level physical fitness between elderly at rural and urban area were job status, economic burden, physical activity, and diastolic blood pressure.Keyword: physical fitness, elderly.  
HUBUNGAN KONSUMSI KACANG-KACANGAN (SUMBER PHYTOESTROGEN) DENGAN USIA MENOPAUSE Sri Muljati; Susie Suwarti; Heryudarini Harahap; Titus Priyo Harjatmo; Komari Komari; Sandjaja Sandjaja; Amelia Amelia
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 26 No. 1 (2003)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v26i1.1427.

Abstract

PHYTOESTROGEN CONSUMPTION AND MENOPAUSEBackground: Health development increase the life expectancy age on women. The life expectancy on women in 1980 was 50.9 years, which was Increase to 62.7 years in 1995. Due to decline of estrogen level, the menopause often get menopause syndrome. The impact of low estrogen level could decrease the bone mass (osteoporosis). Phytoestrogen could be deriving menopause syndrome in women. Isoftavone is one of phytoestrogen compound and has anti oxidant. Bean, e.g. soybeans as phytoestrogen sources were consumption in great quantity in Indonesia. Objectives: The study was conducted to examine the relationship between bean as phytoestrogen sources and menopause aged.Methods: The study was cross-sectional that was done in Tanah Datar (West Sumatra) and Bantul (Yogyakarta). Respondents were 360 women who had menopause. Food consumption was collected by Food Frequency Questioner (FFQ) and menopause age was interviewed by asking the women history. Results: Soybean and its products e.g. Tempe, tofu as well as bean, e.g. kidney bean, 'tolo bean' are phytoestrogen sources that often are eaten by the menopause women in both area. The average of isoflavon consumption of women that had menopause aged > 50 years higher than women that had menopause aged 50 years. Conclusions: Women that consumed less phytoestrogen had higher risk of early menopause. Phytoestrogen could be obtained from nuts as well as it's product e.g soybean, tempe, tofu. Recommendations: Women naturally have a high risk suffering from osteoporosis therefore they are suggested to consume beans as (a one way) to prevent early menopause. The promotion of bean advantages could be done through PUGS approach.Keywords: menopause, phytoestrogen, soybeans
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PRAKTIK PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF Yekti Widodo; Heryudarini Harahap; Sri Muljati; Agus Triwinarto
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 26 No. 1 (2003)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v26i1.1428.

Abstract

STRATEGY TO IMPROVEMENT EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING COVERAGEBackground: Exclusive breastfeeding practice in Indonesia not yet gratified, ranging from 3,6% up to 27,5%. Therefore require to be developed a promotion strategy to motivate the exclusive breastfeeding, by entangling target of besides mother with given by a complete information about exclusive breastfeeding. Objectlves: Knowing exclusive breastfeeding promotion impact to coverage of exclusive breastfeeding. Methods: This research represent the research observational, with kohort design. Sampel research is all pregnancy women which old age its pregnancy have entered the third trimester. All sampel research given the counselling with interpersonal communication and non-formal condition and also the discussion with husband, parent, grandmother. At this research the strategy counselling to motivate the exclusive breastfeeding by giving information about exclusive breastfeeding, creating condition and environment supporting, improving husband involvement, other family member, traditional birth attendant, cadre, and rural midwife (bidan di desa) and also lessen the negative consequence, like busy, baby rewel, and insufficient breastfeeding. Counselling conducted by special worker which have been trained, since the pregnant women in third trimester until the baby 4 month ages. Results: Total sampel in this research is 221 all family have been given the motivation for the pracllcaly of exclusive breastfeeding. From 221 sampel gave the motivation 110 sampel (49,8%) earning given exclusive breastfeeding during 4 month, while 111 sampel (50,2%) cannot given exclusive breastfeeding because some reason among other things: husband, arent, and or parent in law not support, feel too busy, child need the practice eat, fear later child become difficult eat. This applying counselling strategy can motivate the mother to give the exclusive breastfeeding during 4 month reach 49,8%. This matter indicate that this strategy is good enough to increase exclusive breastfeeding coverage. Conclusions: Counselling strategy with infonnal communications and while non-formal condition and given the complete information and also to combining discussion with the counselling target, is good enough to motivate and look after the exclusive breastfeeding gift behavior. Recommendations: Applying of strategy counselling in order to exclusive breastfeeding promotion need the commitment all of health worker to support and also have to entangle the husband, parent, parent in law, and traditional birth attendant as counselling target. Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding, counselling exclusive, breastfeeding improvement
PEMULIHAN GIZI BURUK SECARA RAWAT JALAN DI PUSKESMAS S. Suwarti; Amelia Amelia; S. Muljati; E. Rustan; Reviana Reviana; Heryudarini Harahap; Sihadi Sihadi
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 26 No. 1 (2003)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v26i1.1429.

Abstract

OUT-PATIENT MANAGEMENT FOR SEVERE MALNOURISHED CHILDREN IN PUSKESMASBackground: During economic crisis in Indonesia in mid 1997, the numbers of malnourished children has increased. Many efforts had been conducted to solve this problem to prevent the detrimental effect of malnutrition especially in the reduction of the quality of manpower. Since 1980's our ambulatory clinic has developed the management for malnourished children. From 1997 to 2000, cases of malnourished children increased from 27 to 193, but we were facing with the numbers of defaulters. There were 40-50% drops out patients. To solved this problem, we worked together with Districts Health Office (Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten and Kota) Bogor to build nutrition clinic in 3 health centers (Puskesmas), in South Bogor, Sukaraja, and Sukamanah sub district. Objectives: To build the nutrition clinic in health center. Methods: First step of our action was to train the medical doctors, nurses and nutritionist from the health centers in ambulatory management (registration, anthropometric measurement, nutrition counseling, clinical examination and medication for infectious diseases) of severe malnourished children. The second step was to arrange the nutrition clinic in the health centers. In the first three months, the clinic was run by the team of the Nutrition Research and Development Center together with the team of health centers. In the second three of months, the health centers team run the clinic and NRDC team only supervised them. Results: The activity of nutrition clinic in the health centers was no difference with the activity in the nutrition clinic in the NRDC. The children nutritional status was improved after 4 months intervention. The improvement was measured by weight-for-height as well as by weight-for-age. The weight-for-height index was found as the perfect indicator to measure the effect of intervention on the nutritional status of the children. Conclusions: Community health centers staffs has a potential capacity to solve malnutrition problem, especially when they were trained adequately by proper trainer, and the best parameter to evaluate nutritional status was weight-for-height. Keywords: out-patient, severe malnutrition
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN TABLET BESI DAN VITAMIN E PADA KADAR HEMOGLOBIN DAN STATUS BESI WANITA USIA SUBUR YANG DIDUGA MENDERITA THALASEMIA KARIER M. Saidin; Sukati Sukati; Muherdiyatiningsih Muherdiyatiningsih; Effendi Rustan
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 26 No. 2 (2003)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v26i2.1430.

Abstract

THE EFFECT OF IRON PILL SUPPLEMENTATION ADDED WITH VITAMIN E (ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL) TO HEMOGLOBIN AND IRON STATUS OF CHILDBEARING AGE WOMEN SUSPECTED SUFFERING FROM CARRIER THALASSEMIA.Background: Anemia control programme among pregnant women had been conducting for about three decades, but prevalence of anemia still considered high. It was reported by Nutrition and Food Research Centre (2000) that 37.4% of childbearing women indicated fragility of red blood cell membrane wich assumed related to anemia. One of the vitamins which have positive effect to the wall of red blood cells is vitamin E through its rolle as antioxidant. It was recommended to conduct a study to determine the effect of supplementation of iron pill, "Ferro sulfate" (60 mg elemental iron with 25 mg folic acid) added with vitamin E (20 mg a-tocopherol) to hemoglobin level and iron status of childbearing age of women.Methods: The study design was "Intervention with quacy experiment trial".  The study sites covered 10 villages in Cianjur district of West Java. A total of 210 childbearing age women (19-45 years old) with indication of fragility of red blood cell membrane which was determined by procedure of NESTROF (Naked Eye Single Test Tube Red Cell Osmotic Fragility), divided into two groups (105 women/group). Group I received one iron pill daily and vitamin E twice a week for 10 weeks. While group II received Iron pill only, without vitamin E. Data collection was conducted before and after intervention.Results: After 10 weeks intervention, the average of Hb increament of group I (0.4 g/dl) was slightly higher than that of group II (0.3 g/dl). There was improvement of serum ferritin of both groups with increament 4.3 mg/dl for group I and 7.2 mg/dl for group II. Vitamin E status of both groups still considered low: 3.1 mg/L for group I and 3.1 mg/L for group II. Normal value of serum vitamin E is 5.0 mg/L.Conclusions: Vitamin E (20 mg of a-tocopherol) which was given twice a week bisides daily supplementation of iron pill (60 mg elemental iron of sulfas ferrosus + 25 mg folic acid) for 10 weeks increased the effectiveness of Hb synthesis 1.5 times than that of supplementation of iron only without vitamin E.Keywords: iron supplementation, Hb level, iron status, vitamin E status, NESTROF, fragility of cells membrane 
PENGARUH STATUS GIZI IBU SELAMA KEHAMILAN DAN MENYUSUI TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN PEMBERIAN AIR SUSU IBU Anies Irawati; Agus Triwinarto; Salimar Salimar; Irlina Raswanti
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 26 No. 2 (2003)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v26i2.1431.

Abstract

EFFECT OF MATERNAL NUTRITION STATUS DURING PREGNANCY AND LACTATION TO SUCCESSFULLY BREASTFEEDING.Background: Infant should be only got breast milk in first six-months, but most of mothers do not successfully breastfed their infant because infant consumed low energy from breast milk. Maternal nutrition status during pregnancy and lactation may contribute to successful breastfeeding. During lactation, there is mobilization of fat to produce breast milk.Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate contribution of maternal nutrition status before pregnancy, during pregnancy and lactation to successful breastfeedingMethods: In the first four-month of life, if infant consumed energy from breast milk ≤ 65% of RDA categorized as not successful breastfeeding, and if infant consumed energy from breast milk > 65% of RDA categorized as successful breastfeeding.Results: The result shows that maternal nutrition status during pregnancies doesn't contribute to successful breastfeeding. Maternal nutrition status during lactation significantly contributes to successful breastfeeding after controlling other factors (mother factors, infant factors, food pattern and social economics factors). During lactation, the risk of thin mothers (IMT < 18.5) to unsuccessful breastfeeding is 2.26 to 2.56 times compared to normal mothers (IMT ≥ 18.5-25.0) (RR = 2.26 to RR = 2.56).Conclusion: Mother should consume more energy and protein to achieve successful breastfeedingKeywords: successfully breastfeeding  

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