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Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Published by PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.
ISSN : 0125913X     EISSN : 25032720     DOI : 10.55175
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran (CDK) is a Medical Journal published since 1974 and affiliated with PT Kalbe Farma Tbk. CDK is intended to help accommodate scientific publications and help increase and disseminate knowledge related to the development of medical science, pharmacy, and public health. CDK covers the disciplines of medicine, pharmacy, and health with several types of articles, namely: 1. Research 2. Literature review 3. Case report 4. Evidence-based case report (EBCR), systematic review 5. Other scientific articles Based on the SK Kemendikbudristek Nomor 152/E/KPT/2023, CDK has obtained Rank 4 (SINTA 4) for Scientific Journals.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,276 Documents
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Pengerasan Telinga Ganda Kronis: Laporan Kasus Dermatitis Kontak Iritan yang Menyerupai Lepra : Laporan Kasus Alika, Maria Ulfa Noor; Hartanto, Felix
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 11 (2025): Penyakit Dalam
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i11.1642

Abstract

Introduction: Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is an inflammatory cutaneous disorder induced by the breakdown of the barrier and activation of innate immune responses. In the chronic stage, plaques thicken and cause scaling, hyperkeratosis, fissures, rhagades,and/or lichenification. Case: A 34-year-old male presented with both earlobe thickening and minor numbness, particularly whilesweating or being exposed to direct sunlight. Physical examination revealed erythematous patches, as well as edema and thickness of both earlobes. Patch test and slit skin smears yielded negative findings, ruling out allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and leprosy. The diagnosis of irritant contact dermatitis was caused by sweat and sun exposure. The treatment consisted of twice daily ofdesoximethasone and mupirocin cream, and 10 mg loratadine once daily. Discussion: ICD is an inflammatory cutaneous disorder induced by the breakdown of the skin barrier and the activation of the innate immune response. Thickening and numbness of both earlobes are caused by repetitive irritation from sweat and sunlight exposure over time. Conclusion: Irritant contact dermatitis in both earlobes should be differentiated from other skin diseases, particularly leprosy.
Perkembangan Teledermoskopi di Indonesia: Tinjauan Perspektif Hukum Kesehatan Reginata, Gabriela; Noviani, Karina
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 11 (2025): Penyakit Dalam
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i11.1677

Abstract

Teledermoscopy, as a component of telemedicine, represents an important innovation in dermatological healthcare that enhances accessibility, effectiveness, and the overall quality of medical services in Indonesia. This technology provides significant benefits, particularly for communities in regions with limited access to dermatology specialists. Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health and Government Regulation Number 28 of 2024 serve as the primary legal foundations supporting the implementation of teledermoscopy in Indonesia. These regulations address the legality of practice, patient data protection, information security standards, and the responsibilities of healthcare professionals and electronic system providers in delivering digital health services. Teledermoscopyenables remote examination, diagnosis, and monitoring of skin lesions through digital dermoscopy devices connected to the national health information system. The technology accelerates diagnosis, facilitates referrals, and broadens access to dermatological care. With a robust legal framework, continuous professional training, and reliable digital infrastructure, teledermoscopy has the potential to become a strategic component in the transformation of Indonesia’s national healthcare system.
Laporan Kasus Kekeruhan Kornea Kongenital: Tantangan Operasi Keratoplasti pada Anak-Anak : Laporan Kasus Yulia, Dian Estu; Pradiptama, Yura; Tan, Sabrina
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 11 (2025): Penyakit Dalam
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i11.1712

Abstract

Introduction: Congenital corneal opacity (CCO) is a group of anterior segment dysgenesis of the eye manifested by corneal transparency loss at birth or during the first 4 weeks of life. CCO is one of the most prominent disease entities in anterior segment dysgenesis. CCO resulted from disruptions in mesodermal development, particularly affecting the anterior segment of the eye. Case:A 2-week-old boy with bilateral CCO. One week post-keratoplasty surgery, the parents reported no complaints but had difficulty administering eye drops. Physical examination showed a clearer corneal graft. One month later, a cloudy graft and broken sutures were noted, indicating graft rejection. The family was educated on the importance of consistent medication for any future graft surgery. Discussion: The surgical option for CCO is corneal graft or keratoplasty. Keratoplasty is a corneal transplant where a clear donor graft replaces the central opaque cornea. Conclusion: A comprehensive workup is essential for diagnosing CCO. Keratoplasty can restore corneal clarity and vision, but pediatric cases require careful patient education and comprehensive follow-up.
Efek Pemberian Asam Amino untuk Mencegah Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Pasca-Operasi Jantung : Tinjauan Sistematik Rahman, Lukman Nur; Makarim, Munzir; Anjar, Muh. Azrief Khaidir; Maulana, Muh. Syawaludin Sakti; Trisiyambudin, Rais; Sampe, Greyson Efraldi; Faali, Rifal; Falah, Muhammad Hilmi; Furqon, Muh. Ikmaluddin; Rizal, Dzar Ghifari Muh
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 11 (2025): Penyakit Dalam
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i11.1724

Abstract

Introduction: The administration of amino acids can be a safe and effective approach to reducing the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery. Methods: In this systematic review, data were obtained from scientific databases PubMed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, covering publications from January 1 to November 1, 2024. This systematic review analyzed 3 randomized controlled trials involving a total of 3,647 patients. Results: AKI was observed in 26.6% patients in the amino acid group compared to 31.9% in the control group (RR = 0.67; 95% CI [0.43–1.06]; I² = 52.5%; p = 0.0854). Additionally, the risk of stage 1 AKI (21.1% vs 24.5%; RR 0.86; 95% CI [0.77–0.96]; I² = 0%) and stage 3 AKI (0.15% vs 0.3%; RR 0.52; 95% CI [0.34–0.81]; I² = 0%) was significantly lower in the amino acid group. No serious adverse events were reported in the included studies. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias-2 (RoB2) tool, and data analysis was performed using R software. Conclusion: Findings suggest that amino acids offer clinical benefits in AKI prevention, particularly in stages 1 and 3, without increasing the risk of severe adverse effects
Kualitas Hidup Pasien Lansia dengan Nyeri Punggung Bawah di Rumah Sakit Umum Ulin Banjarmasin: Penelitian Rumboko, Raihan Febri; Noor, Zairin; Nurikhwan, Pandji Winata; Putera, Husna Dharma; Panghiyangani, Roselina
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 12 (2025): Kedokteran Umum
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i12.1266

Abstract

Introduction: Low back pain can change the daily life and quality of life of the elderly. This study aims to determine the quality of life of elderly patients with and without low back pain at Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin. Methods: This study used an analytical observational approach with a cross‑sectional design. Sampling was through a purposive sampling approach according to the inclusion criteria. The study population was 100 patients aged 60 and over, half of the population with low back pain. The Indonesian versions of the WHOQoL‑BREF and SF‑36 questionnaires were used as a research instrument. Results: The results showed significant differences in the quality of life in the elderly patients with low back pain in 4 domains, namely physical functioning (p = 0.006), role limitations due to physical health (p = 0.023), social functioning (p = 0.009), and general health (p < 0.001), with median of each domain in order are 62,5 (0–100), 50 (0–100), 75 (0–100), and 50 (4–100). No significant differences in other domains in the WHOQoL-BREF and SF-36 questionnaire. Conclusion: Low back pain affects the life of elderly patients at Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin, which was different in 4 aspects, namely physical functioning, role limitations due to physical health, social functioning, and general health.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Kombinasi Ekstrak Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) dan Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.) terhadap Bakteri Penyebab Jerawat Propionibacterium acnes: Penelitian Agustina, Mela; Anggista Putri, Nopi; Safutri, Wina; Mayola Pisacha, Iga
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 12 (2025): Kedokteran Umum
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i12.1427

Abstract

Introduction: Acne is a skin disease that is often found in many teenagers to young adults. Propionibacterium acnes is one of the causes of acne infection with a prevalence of 12.9%. As long-term inappropriate use of antibiotics can cause resistance, traditional medicine using natural ingredients can act as an alternative. The secondary metabolite compounds from binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) leaves and moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaves are believed to have antibacterial activity. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of a combination of binahong leaves and moringa leaves in inhibiting the growth of acne-causing bacteria, Propionibacterium acnes. Methods: This quantitative experimental research study tested the antibacterial properties of binahong leaves and moringa leaves againstPropionibacterium acne with random design (RAL) of 11 treatments with 3 repetitions. Bacterial test used paper disc diffusion with a single concentration of 20%, 40%, 60% and a combination of 20%:20%, 40%:60%, and 60%:40%, with clindamycin as positive control and sterile aquadest as negative control. Results: The phytochemical screening results were that binahong leaves and moringa leaves contained alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and flavonoids while the results of the antibacterial activity test were that the 60%:40% combination was more effective in inhibiting the growth of Propionibacterium acnes with an inhibition zone diameter of 26.7 mm ± 2.0 (strong). Conclusion: Binahong leaves and Moringa leaves contain secondary metabolite compounds of tannins, alkaloids, saponins, and flavonoids, and have antibacterial activity. Binahong leaves and moringa leaves can inhibit the growth of bacterium Propionibacterium acnes with a strong inhibition zone category.
Persepsi Dokter Praktik Swasta terhadap Sistem Pelaporan Kasus Tuberkulosis di Kota Pontianak Tahun 2020: Penelitian Alifah Fahiratunnisa, Namira; Fitriangga, Agus; Raharjo, Raharjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 12 (2025): Kedokteran Umum
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i12.1533

Abstract

Introduction: In reality, many tuberculosis (TB) patients don’t receive proper treatment. One contributing factor is the high number of unreported tuberculosis cases. This study aims to understand the perception of independent practice doctors regarding tuberculosis case reporting in Pontianak City in 2020. Method: This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design. The research sample consists of 12 independent practice doctors from each district in Pontianak City, as well as TB program managers. The sample was determined using purposive sampling technique, and qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. Results: The study results indicate a lack of knowledge and understanding in the private sector regarding the Minister of Health Regulation Number 67 of 2016 related to the case reporting system. Conclusion: Key factors in the underreporting of TB cases to independent practitioners include public health centers serving as the primary referral for TB patients. Additionally, there is limited knowledge and understanding of the Minister of Health Regulation Number 67 of 2016 and its implementation, a lack of coordination and socialization from the government, both directly and indirectly, to general practitioner, and uncooperative patients in TB case management.
Tata Laksana Neurogenic Bladder akibat Cedera Saraf Spinal: Tinjauan Pustaka ., Muvida; Mustikasari, Hanif
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 12 (2025): Kedokteran Umum
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i12.1543

Abstract

Neurogenic bladder is one of the most common complications of spinal cord injury (SCI), leading to impaired voiding function, recurrent urinary tract infections, and reduced quality of life. Determining the location, extent, and severity of the lesion is essentialto tailor management strategies to each patient’s neurological condition and functional status. Treatment includes non-surgical approaches such as intermittent catheterization, neuromodulation, and pharmacological therapy using anticholinergic drugs or 3-adrenergic agonists, which have been shown to reduce detrusor pressure. In cases unresponsive to conservative therapy,surgical interventions such as bladder augmentation or sacral nerve stimulation may be performed to preserve renal function, prevent vesicoureteral reflux, and achieve urinary continence. The prognosis is generally favorable when patients undergo longterm rehabilitation combined with comprehensive education and regular renal function monitoring. Multidisciplinary collaboration among urologists, rehabilitation specialists, and nurses plays a vital role in improving patient quality of life, reducing complications, and ensuring sustainable, effective management.
Kusta Multibasiler dengan Reaksi Tipe 2 pada Dewasa Muda: Laporan Kasus: Laporan Kasus Prakoeswa, Flora Ramona Sigit; Islamuddin, Tri Kurnia Ahmad; Dzikri, Dykall Naf'an; Pramuningtyas, Ratih
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 12 (2025): Kedokteran Umum
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i12.1573

Abstract

Introduction: Leprosy or Hansen’s disease, is a chronic granulomatous infection caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which affects the skin and peripheral nerves. The disease occurs more frequently in males and remains a significant public health issue in endemic countries such as Indonesia. Case: A 23-year-old male presented with swelling of both hands, feet, and ears, accompanied by numbness and radiating pain. Dermatological examination revealed multiple erythematous papules and nodules that were anesthetic and symmetrically distributed, accompanied by onychodystrophy. Enlargement of the auricularis magnus and posterior tibial nerves was observed, as well as sensory disturbance in the ulnar nerve area. Slit-skin smear examination of the left ear showed acid-fast bacilli (2+ bacilli per field of view). Discussion: The patient was diagnosed with multibacillary-type leprosy with a type 2 reaction (erythema nodosum leprosum). This reaction represents a complex immune response that can lead to permanent nerve damage if not promptly managed. Conclusion: Comprehensive management involving a combination of anti-leprosy drugs, corticosteroids, analgesics, vitamin B complex, and medical rehabilitation is essential to prevent disability progression and improve functional outcomes. Patient education and regular follow-up are crucial for treatment success. The main challenge in this case is to prevent disability progression and maximize remaining function through comprehensive rehabilitation.
Latihan Fisik untuk Mengurangi Tekanan Intraokular pada Glaukoma: Tinjauan Sistematik Apriandary, Ni Putu Dian; Rahayu, Ni Kompyang
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 12 (2025): Kedokteran Umum
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i12.1595

Abstract

Introduction: Glaucoma is a common eye condition that poses a risk to vision, as it involves elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and can lead to vision impairment. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and inadequate ocular perfusion are the basic theories of glaucoma development and progression. Methods: Literature within the last 10 years was searched through PubMed and Googleusing the specified keywords: “Glaucoma” (title), “Intraocular Pressure (IOP)” (all fields), and “Physical Exercise” (all fields). The PRISMA method is used to process journal selection. Results: Dynamic exercises such as cycling and jogging have been shown to significantly reduce intraocular pressure (IOP), particularly in patients with glaucoma, whereas isometric activities like weightlifting or head-down yoga poses temporarily increase IOP. Breathing exercises such as yogic pranayama can lower IOP by stimulating parasympathetic activity and improving aqueous humor outflow without elevating ocular venous pressure. Conclusion: The decrease in IOP and increase in OPP after dynamic exercises such as cycling and jogging were related to the intensity of the exercise. No cure is available; management is to prevent further damage and vision loss. Physical exercise influences the IOP, ocular perfusion, neuroprotection, and mental health in patients with glaucoma. This article discusses the benefits of physical exercise in reducing IOP and its potential risks in glaucoma patients.

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