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International Journal for Advanced Research
Published by Outline Publisher
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30637651     DOI : https://doi.org/10.61730/055jqz08
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International Journal for Advanced Research (IJAR) is a widely indexed, open access, refereed/peer reviewed, multidisciplinary, international, scientific online journal that helps researchers share their research work. As a multidisciplinary journal, we accept research work from all branches of Science including: Engineering, Medicine & Pharmacy, Business Administration, Physical Sciences, Computers, Technology and Mathematics, Economics, Social Sciences and Arts.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 92 Documents
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The Effect of the Human Development Index (HDI) and the Provincial Minimum Wage (PMW) on the Percentage of Poor Population in North Sumatra during the 2018–2025 Period Yehezkiel Exaudi Banjarnahor; Fais Irawan; Kevin Lejon Simamora
International Journal For Advanced Research Vol. 2 No. 6: April 2026
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/yrhgwf95

Abstract

Human Development Index (HDI), Minimum Wage, Poverty, North Sumatra, Multiple Linear Regression. Poverty is one of the main problems in economic development that is still faced by various regions in Indonesia, including North Sumatra Province. This study aims to analyze the effect of the Human Development Index (HDI) and the Provincial Minimum Wage (PMW) on the Percentage of Poor Population in North Sumatra during the period 2018-2025. This research uses a quantitative approach by utilizing secondary data obtained from official publications of the Central Statistics Agency. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS version 25 software. Before conducting regression analysis, the data were first tested through classical assumption tests including normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation tests. The results show that partially the Human Development Index has a negative and significant effect on the percentage of poor population with a t-value of -3.174 and a significance level of 0.025. The Provincial Minimum Wage also has a negative and significant effect on the percentage of poor population with a t-value of -10.178 and a significance level of 0.000. Simultaneously, the Human Development Index and Provincial Minimum Wage have a significant effect on the percentage of poor population with an F-value of 62.130. The coefficient of determination value of 0.961 indicates that 96.1% of the variation in the percentage of poor population can be explained by these two variables. These findings indicate that improving the quality of human development and implementing appropriate minimum wage policies can contribute to reducing poverty levels in North Sumatra.
The Impact of Population Size and Human Development Index on Open Unemployment Rates in North Sumatra (2018–2025) Amelia; Rini Khairani Harahap; Stevani Nababan
International Journal For Advanced Research Vol. 2 No. 6: April 2026
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/jssgnw03

Abstract

This research aims to evaluate the impact of Population Size and the Human Development Index (HDI) on the Open Unemployment Rate in North Sumatra Province from 2018 to 2025. Employing a quantitative methodology, this study utilizes secondary data sourced from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). The analytical framework is constructed using Multiple Linear Regression, processed via SPSS software, and validated through classical assumption tests, t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination (R2).The findings reveal that, partially, Population Size exerts a negative but statistically insignificant influence on the Open Unemployment Rate, suggesting that demographic growth does not necessarily trigger unemployment if labor absorption remains stable. In contrast, the Human Development Index (HDI) demonstrates a significant positive correlation with unemployment levels, indicating that higher human capital quality may temporarily increase the unemployment rate due to more selective job-seeking behaviors among educated individuals. Simultaneously, both variables significantly influence the Open Unemployment Rate, with a high coefficient of determination confirming their collective ability to explain the majority of fluctuations in the regional labor market. These results underscore that enhancing human resource quality profoundly shapes labor market dynamics, particularly in the short run. Consequently, integrated policies that synchronize human development with industrial expansion are essential for a sustainable reduction in unemployment.
The Effect of Unemployment and Poverty Rates on the Human Development Index in North Sumatra from 2013–2024 Sabrina Erisa Aulia Sihotang; Khairunnisa Umi Al Mas; Dwi Atika Zahara; Siti Mardiah
International Journal For Advanced Research Vol. 2 No. 6: April 2026
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/a9x1ct73

Abstract

This study analyzed the effect of unemployment and poverty on the Human Development Index in North Sumatra Province. Human development reflects the quality of life of the population through the dimensions of education, health, and a decent standard of living. However, socio-economic problems such as unemployment and poverty may influence the achievement of human development. This research employed a quantitative approach using secondary time-series data from 2013 to 2024 obtained from official publications of the Central Statistics Agency. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between unemployment, poverty, and the Human Development Index. The results showed that the regression model had strong explanatory power with an Adjusted R Square value of 0.850, indicating that unemployment and poverty explained 85% of the variation in the Human Development Index. The simultaneous test showed a significant effect with an F value of 26.595 and a significance level of 0.001. Partially, unemployment did not have a significant effect on the Human Development Index with a significance value of 0.210. In contrast, poverty had a negative and significant effect with a regression coefficient of −2.594 and a significance value of 0.000. These findings indicated that poverty played a major role in determining the level of human development. Therefore, poverty reduction and improved access to education and health services are essential strategies for enhancing human development.
Analysis of the Impact of the Open Unemployment Rate and Household Consumption on Poverty in Sumatra from 2021 to 2025 Tri Febriani Sipayung; Trivena Kezia Silaban; Apriani Hutabarat; Aryani Sairun
International Journal For Advanced Research Vol. 3 No. 1: June 2026
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/t5cw5j10

Abstract

Poverty remains a major development challenge in Indonesia, particularly on the island of Sumatra, which has a diverse economic landscape. This study aims to examine the impact of the Open Unemployment Rate (OUR) and Household Consumption on poverty rates across ten provinces in Sumatra during the period 2021–2025. By applying multiple linear regression to panel data, it was found that both independent variables simultaneously and significantly influence poverty (F = 8.850; p = 0.001). Individually, household consumption exhibits a strong negative effect on poverty at a significance level of 0.000, indicating that an increase in household spending correlates with a decrease in the number of people living in poverty. Meanwhile, the open unemployment rate has a positive effect at a 10% significance level (p = 0.055), meaning that a rise in unemployment tends to drive an increase in poverty. The regression model used explains 27.4% of the variation in poverty, whilst the remainder is influenced by other factors outside the model. These findings underscore the importance of policies that promote job creation and strengthen household purchasing power within poverty alleviation strategies in the Sumatra region.
The Impact of Minimum Wage and Population Growth on Poverty Levels in Sumatera Utara (2016–2025) Era Sulastri Hutasoit; Marshanda Siburian; Cheresentia Situmorang
International Journal For Advanced Research Vol. 3 No. 1: June 2026
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/rpg75551

Abstract

Economic development in North Sumatra was challenged by persistent fluctuations in poverty levels, indicating structural constraints in achieving inclusive growth. This study examined the effects of minimum wage and population growth rate on the number of people living in poverty in North Sumatra during the 2016–2025 period. The research employed a quantitative approach using secondary time-series data obtained from official statistical publications. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted, supported by classical assumption tests, to ensure the validity of the model. The results showed that the minimum wage had a negative and statistically significant effect on poverty, indicating that increases in wages contributed to improving purchasing power and reducing the number of poor people. In contrast, the population growth rate did not show a statistically significant partial effect on poverty, suggesting that demographic changes alone were not the primary determinant of poverty levels. However, when analyzed simultaneously, minimum wage and population growth rate had a significant combined effect, explaining 72.8% of the variation in poverty levels. These findings highlighted that poverty reduction in North Sumatra was more strongly influenced by economic policy related to income distribution rather than demographic factors alone. The study emphasized the importance of integrated policy approaches that combine wage regulation with effective population management to achieve sustainable poverty alleviation.
Mandating Corporate Sustainability: Legal Frameworks for ESG Compliance and Green Financing in Indonesian State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) Debi Masri; Muammar Rinaldi; Tina Muhardika Handayani
International Journal For Advanced Research Vol. 3 No. 1: June 2026
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/0e41eb75

Abstract

This study aims to examine the mechanisms through which the stringency of the ESG legal framework influences the financial performance of Indonesian state-owned enterprises (SOEs), via the mediating role of green financing adoption and ESG performance, and the moderating roles of sustainability management control systems and regulatory enforcement effectiveness. A quantitative associative design was employed, collecting perceptual data from 47 middle-to-senior managers across 16 SOEs operating in Medan, Indonesia. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test a moderated mediation model. The results reveal that perceived legal stringency positively drives green financing adoption, which in turn enhances financial performance indirectly through improved ESG outcomes, indicating full mediation. Furthermore, the translation of green financing into ESG improvements is significantly strengthened when sustainability management control systems are robust. The positive impact of legal stringency on financial performance is also amplified by the perceived effectiveness of regulatory enforcement.
Bridging the Economic Divide: Transnational Educational Frameworks and Wealth Creation in Developing Economies Mingyu Duan; Ten Ho
International Journal For Advanced Research Vol. 3 No. 1: June 2026
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/ijar.v3i1.688

Abstract

The persistent economic divide prompted developing nations to adopt transnational educational frameworks as a mechanism to cultivate human capital and arrest intellectual capital flight. This study investigated the empirical relationship between localized transnational education and grassroots wealth creation in emerging economies. The researchers utilized a quantitative explanatory design, collecting primary survey data from 412 alumni of cross-border degree programs operating within developing host countries. The study evaluated the structural relationships using partial least squares structural equation modeling. The empirical analysis revealed that participation in transnational education significantly fostered the acquisition of globally competitive human capital and actively stimulated domestic entrepreneurial intentions. Furthermore, institutional linkages embedded within these educational frameworks successfully facilitated high-value employability. The data demonstrated that the synergistic integration of these three mechanisms accounted for 61.2 percent of the variance in localized grassroots wealth creation. The findings confirmed that the domestic provision of international academic standards effectively transformed systemic brain drain into localized brain circulation. The study concluded that developing economies successfully engineered endogenous economic growth by strategically positioning transnational educational hubs as core engines for sustainable wealth creation.
Greening the Workforce: Collaborative Curriculum Design for the Sustainable Economy in Post-Pandemic Southeast Asia Angelica Ronron; Herlan
International Journal For Advanced Research Vol. 3 No. 1: June 2026
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/ijar.v3i1.689

Abstract

The transition toward a sustainable economy has increased the demand for a workforce equipped with green competencies and the ability to adapt to rapidly changing labor market requirements. This study examined the role of collaborative curriculum design in enhancing green skills development and workforce readiness for a sustainable economy in post-pandemic Southeast Asia. A quantitative research approach was employed using a survey of 312 final-year students and recent graduates from higher education institutions across the region. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. The findings revealed that collaborative curriculum design contributed significantly to the development of green skills and workforce readiness. Green skills also enhanced workforce readiness and served as an important mechanism through which curriculum collaboration improved graduates’ preparedness for sustainable employment. The results highlighted the importance of collaboration among universities, industry, and other stakeholders in aligning educational outcomes with the competency requirements of the green economy. This study contributed to the literature on sustainability education by demonstrating the strategic role of collaborative curriculum practices in workforce development. The findings suggested that higher education institutions should strengthen sustainability-oriented learning and industry engagement to better prepare graduates for future economic and environmental challenges.
Enhancing State Asset Recovery Through Asset Confiscation: Evaluating the Legal Framework and Its Implementation in Indonesia's Anti-Corruption Regime Ichwan Effendi; Donny Setha; Mospa Darma
International Journal For Advanced Research Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/ijar.v3i2.709

Abstract

Corruption remained one of the most serious threats to good governance and sustainable development in Indonesia because it caused substantial state financial losses and undermined public trust in government institutions. Asset confiscation was recognized as an essential legal mechanism not only to punish offenders but also to recover assets derived from corruption and restore state financial losses. This study examined the legal framework governing asset confiscation, analyzed its implementation within Indonesia's criminal justice system, and evaluated its effectiveness in supporting state asset recovery. The study employed a normative legal research method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Data were collected through a comprehensive review of legislation, judicial decisions, legal doctrines, and scholarly publications and were analyzed qualitatively using descriptive legal analysis. The findings indicated that Indonesia had established a comprehensive legal framework regulating asset confiscation through national legislation and international legal instruments. However, the implementation of asset confiscation remained constrained by practical challenges, including difficulties in tracing illicit assets, ownership disputes, lengthy execution procedures, cross-border asset transfers, and limited institutional coordination. These challenges reduced the effectiveness of recovering state financial losses despite the availability of adequate legal regulations. The study concluded that strengthening institutional coordination, improving asset-tracing mechanisms, accelerating execution procedures, and enhancing international cooperation were essential to optimizing asset recovery. Effective implementation of asset confiscation was therefore found to be a strategic instrument for strengthening anti-corruption law enforcement, improving legal certainty, promoting accountability, and protecting state financial interests.
Reconstructing Ecotheological Restorative Justice in Environmental Crime Prevention Taufik Hidayat Simanjuntak; D K Dewi; Mospa Darma; Faisal Saddat Soadoun
International Journal For Advanced Research Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Environmental crime has become one of the most significant challenges to environmental protection because it has caused extensive ecological degradation, biodiversity loss, and long-term threats to sustainable development. The existing environmental criminal justice system has predominantly relied on punitive sanctions, which have not adequately restored damaged ecosystems or strengthened long-term environmental responsibility. This study aimed to reconstruct a comprehensive normative framework for environmental crime prevention by integrating restorative justice with ecotheological principles. The study employed a normative legal research approach using statutory, conceptual, comparative, and philosophical analyses. Data were collected through library research from legislation, judicial decisions, international legal instruments, and scholarly publications concerning environmental criminal law, restorative justice, environmental ethics, and sustainability. The collected legal materials were analyzed qualitatively using prescriptive legal reasoning to identify conceptual limitations and formulate a reconstructed legal framework. The results showed that the prevailing retributive justice model remained insufficient to address the multidimensional impacts of environmental crime because it primarily emphasized punishment rather than ecological restoration and community recovery. The reconstructed framework integrated ecological restoration, moral responsibility, community participation, intergenerational justice, and sustainable environmental governance into a unified legal approach. The study concluded that integrating restorative justice with ecotheological principles provided a more comprehensive normative framework for environmental crime prevention by promoting ecological recovery, ethical accountability, and sustainable environmental governance.

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