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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 0126074X     EISSN : 23386223     DOI : 10.15395/mkb
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung (MKB)/Bandung Medical Journal publishes peer-reviewed original articles and case reports in basic medical research, clinical research, and applied medical science. This journal is published quarterly (March, June, September, and December) by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran. Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 651 Documents
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Association Between Screen Time, Vitamin A Consumption Behavior, and Computer Vision Syndrome in Preclinical Medical Students Prasetya, Harka; Rahmawati, Atik; Andira, Aisyah Putri; Suparmi, Suparmi
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 56, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v56.3346

Abstract

Computer Visual Syndrome (CVS) refers to visual disturbances induced by electronic media such as computers, laptops, tablets, and smartphones. This research aimed to determine the association between screen time, vitamin A consumption behavior, and CVS symptoms among preclinical medical students. Ninety-five students from a single class at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Indonesia, participated in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected using an online survey platform in February 2022. The screen time, vitamin A consumption behavior, and CVS were measured using a validated questionnaire. The average daily screen time of the respondents was more than 10 h, with the majority having a moderate vitamin A consumption patterns (66.3%) and experienced CVS (63.2%). The most prevalent CVS symptom identified among these respondents was eye fatigue (62.1%), while double vision and inflamed or watery eyes were the least reported CVS symptoms (9.5% and 8.4%, respectively). The Chi-Square test revealed that there was no correlation between screen time and CVS (p > 0.05), but there was a significant correlation between vitamin A consumption and CVS (p < 0.05). In conclusion, CVS is observed among preclinical medical students due to increased screen time and decreased vitamin A consumption. Therefore, there is a need to develop strategies to manage screen time and vitamin A consumption among students at risk for developing a CVS during their academic careers.
Giant Pyonephrosis Due to Calculus of Ureter: A Case Report Singgih, Nicholas Andrian; Lionardi, Stevan Kristian; Mintardi, Mintardi
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 55, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v55n4.2985

Abstract

Giant pyonephrosis (GP) is a rare and severe form of pyonephrosis characterized by a massive enlargement of the affected kidney due to the accumulation of infected fluid. This study presents case of a 51-year-old male patient with giant pyonephrosis who underwent nephrectomy as treatment. The clinical manifestations of giant pyonephrosis are nonspecific, necessitating the use of imaging and laboratory techniques to aid in diagnosis. Nephrectomy is the preferred treatment option for these patients. One week after nephrectomy, the laboratory results showed improvements. Making the right treatment decision is challenging in this particular case.
Correlation Between CA 15-3 And Miller Payne Histopathological Response In Locally Advanced Breast Cancer Undergoing FAC Regiment Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Rizki, Kiki Akhmad; Azhar, Raden Yohana; Dewayani, Birgitta; Fahman, Aulia Novariza
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 56, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v56.3145

Abstract

Response to chemotherapy for breast cancer can be assessed using the CA 15-3 tumor marker, or through histopathological means such as Miller Payne assessment. This study aimed to explore the correlation between CA 15-3 level and histopathological response in locally advanced breast cancer. This is a cross-sectional study measuring CA 15-3 before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy using the FAC regiment. This study took place in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, from January to August 2022. Data on histopathological responses before chemotherapy and after surgery were also collected. Thirty-nine patients were admitted as subjects. Most patients had invasive carcinoma of no special type (79.5%) and luminal B HER 2 molecular subtype (38.5%). A significant decrease in CA 15-3 level after chemotherapy (from 23.54±18.38 ng/ml to 16.30±6.51 ng/mL) was observed. No significant correlation between CA 15-3 level and Miller Payne histopathological responses were found in the subjects.
Front Cover, Editorial Team, Table of Contents, and Back Cover front back cover
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 55, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Interleukin-6 Level and Neutrophil-Lymphocytes Ratio and Severity of Coronavirus Disease 19 Latifah, Armina; Parwati, Ida; Tjandrawati, Anna; Suraya, Nida
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 56, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v56.3039

Abstract

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in hyperinflammation and cytokine storm in Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) patients. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NRL) describes the innate and adaptive immune responses. Elevated IL-6 and NLR levels usually indicate a severe clinical condition in COVID-19 patients. Aim of this study was to determine the correlation of IL-6 and NLR with the severity of illness in COVID-19 hospitalized patients. This was a descriptive correlative observational study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data from COVID-19 patients treated in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia, from November 2020 to October 2021. There were 225 subjects who were classified by the severity and analyzed for IL-6 levels and NLR. Median levels of IL-6 at moderate, severe, and critical levels were 4.1 pg/mL, 20.4 pg/mL, and 38.8 pg/mL, respectively. The median NLR at moderate, severe, and critical grades were respectively 4.41, 9.65, and 17.79. The correlation between IL-6, NLR, and severity was 0.441 (p<0.001) and 0.408 (p<0.001). Meanwhile, the correlation between IL-6 levels and NLR in COVID-19 was 0.230 (p<0.001). Thus, IL-6 and NRL levels have a moderate positive correlation with the severity of COVID-19, while IL-6 and NRL have a weak correlation because IL-6 is not the only factor that affects the NRL.
Shallot (Allium cepa L.) Peel Infusion Ameliorates Kidney Histopathological Damages in Diazinon-Induced Wistar Rats Bi’izzyk, Avie Baldana; Helianti, Dina; Wahyudi, Septa Surya; Dewi, Rosita
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 56, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v56.3307

Abstract

Diazinon, an organophosphate pesticide, is used extensively in agricultural sector. Consumption of agricultural products containing diazinon residue may lead to harmful health consequences. Among these is nephrotoxicity, which includes lipid peroxidation, that can damage the kidney. Flavonoids in shallot peel can scavenge free radicals, inhibit necrosis, and activate bone marrow-derived cells for cell regeneration. This study aimed to determine the correlation between shallot peel infusion (SPI) dose and kidney damage amelioration to establish the maximum effective dose of SPI to ameliorate kidney histopathological damage in diazinon-induced rats. This study was performed at the Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jember, Indonesia, in April 2021, on 35 rats that were divided into 7 groups—normal, diazinon, and five treatment groups. Diazinon 40 mg/kgBW was administered on day 1-7, while SPI 125, 250, 500, 1,000, 2,000 mg/kgBW were administered on day 8–14 according to the treatment group. Kidney histopathological slides with hematoxylin-eosin (H.E.) staining were assessed using Kocoglu scoring and Kidney damage scores of the treatment groups were analyzed using Pearson test. The maximum effective dose was determined using regression test. The damages found in diazinon-induced rats were tubular degeneration, necrosis, and inflammation with a higher damage score than normal rats (p<0.05). Pearson test showed moderate correlation (coefficient -0.594). Higher SPI doses presented lower kidney damage scores, with 1,359 mg/kgBW being the maximum effective dose. SPI dose and the kidney damage amelioration are moderately correlated with a SPI maximum effective dose to ameliorate kidney damage in diazinon-induced rats of 1,359 mg/kgBW.
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Cost-Effectiveness in National Health Insurance Era of Indonesia Tjahjodjati, Tjahjodjati; Kuddah, Yasser; Wijayanti, Zola
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 55, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v55n4.2372

Abstract

Essential treatments for patients with end-stage renal disease include Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) consisting of hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and kidney transplantation. In 2014, dialysis coverage in Indonesia was more than 1.5 trillion, making it the second highest expense in the National Health Insurance (BPJS) expenses. This study compared the cost-effectiveness between Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) and Hemodialysis (HD) in  patients treated in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. Data were collected from the Urology Department from 2014 to 2017. This was a retrospective observational study on 3 groups of patients: patients with effective CAPD each year as the first group; patients who had experienced repair of CAPD and continued to use it as the second group; and patients who discontinued CAPD due to complications and returned to hemodialysis as the third group. Each group expense was calculated with standard cost insurance for one year in  the hospital. The expense was then be compared to the expense of hemodialysis for one year. A total of 89 patients in the CAPD program from 2014–2017 were treated at the department. When compared to HD, the first, second, and third group of CAPD patients experienced a cost reduction of IDR 23.227.857/person, IDR 18.127.857/person, and IDR 1.661.972.000, respectively. Total savings from the CAPD program in the hospital was IDR 1.661.972.000 from 2014. It is then concluded that CAPD could reduce the burden of government insurance in a cost-effective manner and is considered a treatment of choice in the National Health Insurance Era.
Comparison of Phaco-Chop versus Stop-and-Chop Nucletomy Techniques in Patients with Soft to Moderate Nucleus Cataracts Budiman, Budiman; Knoch, Andrew M. H.; Sugiarti, Emmy Dwi; Tjokrovonco, Ludwig Melino
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 56, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v56.3184

Abstract

Various phacoemulsification techniques are commonly used, with phaco-chop and stop-and-chop techniques as the most popular ones. Phacoemulsification inevitably leads to endothelial cell destruction, which, in severe cases, might result in vision impairment. This study aimed to compare endothelial cell characteristics between two phacoemulsification procedures, phaco-chop, and stop-and-chop, in patients with soft to moderate nucleus cataracts. This study was conducted on 142 patients at the National Eye Center of Cicendo Hospital between April and August 2018. Of those, 66 patients underwent the phaco-chop technique, while 76 patients underwent the stop-and-chop technique. Intraoperative parameters such as effective phaco time (EPT), phaco time, average power, and duration were recorded. Endothelial density, hexagonality, coefficient of variation (CV), and central cornea thickness (CCT) were also recorded before surgery, as well as one week and four weeks after surgery. Mean power, EPT, phaco time, and duration in the phaco-chop group were significantly lower than in the stop-and-chop group. Mean (SD) endothelial density at one-week and four-week evaluation in the phaco-chop group were considerably lower than in the stop-and-chop group (p-value=0.024 and p-value=0.000, respectively). Mean (SD) CV at one-week evaluation in the phaco-chop group was significantly higher compared to a stop-and-chop group, 43.3 (8.0) versus 40.0 (6.7) % (p-value=0.009). Mean (SD) hexagonality at four-week evaluation in the phaco-chop group was significantly higher compared to a stop-and-chop group (43.1 (17.6) versus 48.7 (13.2) respectively, p-value=0.045). Phaco-chop technique have significantly lower EPT, average power, phaco time, and surgery duration than stop-and-chop techniques at one-week and four-week evaluation after phacoemulsification.
Effectiveness of Short-Term Use Denosumab and Risedronate Using β-Crosslaps and Histopathology as a Parameter in Osteoporotic Rat Model Siwendro, Afrisya Bimo; Ramdan, Ahmad; Ismiarto, Yoyos Dias; Yantisetiasti, Anglita; fachri, Dliyauddin
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 56, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v56.3016

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a condition of decreased bone mass density. Pharmacological management uses drugs that decrease bone resorption or increase bone formation. The most commonly used drugs are bisphosphonates. Risedronate is one of these bisphosphonates. It inhibits osteoclasts, resulting in osteoclast apoptosis. Denosumab is a human monoclonal antibody that inhibits receptor activator kappa-B ligand, inhibiting osteoclast activation. Both drugs are widely used. Research on the efficacy of these two mechanisms has yet to obtain conclusive results. β-cross-laps is a parameter that can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of therapy through monitoring the bone resorption process. This experimental study used female rats >9 weeks old and was conducted at the Pharmacology and Therapeutic Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung, Indonesia, from  June to September 2021. This study utilized a simple random sampling to allocate 24 experimental animals into three groups: control, risedronate, and denosumab. β-Crosslaps expression values before ovariectomy, post ovariectomy before receiving medication, and post ovariectomy and receiving medication was recorded and statistically analyzed using the SPSS version 24.0. The analysis of 24 samples revealed a statistically significant decrease in the median value of β-Crosslaps after ovariectomy in the denosumab group (p=0.036) when compared to the control group, whereas the decrease in the risedronate group was not significant (p=0.687). Administration of denosumab in rat models is more effective in reducing bone resorption compared to risedronate.
Unusual Lifespan of Edwards' Syndrome in COVID-19 Era Suryaningrat, Filla Reviyani; Hudayari, Devatri; Amalda Ediwan, Natasha; Rita Mardhiya, Wan; Aprilia Kadi, Fiva; Primadi, Aris; Yuniati, Tetty
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 56, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v56.3230

Abstract

Edwards' syndrome is caused by an extra chromosome on the 18th chromosome. Patients with this diagnosis have median survival of only 3-14.5 days, with the majority of infants with full trisomy 18 type die before or shortly after they are born. There is only supportive treatment available for Edwards’ syndrome. During the COVID-19 pandemic, providing health services was challenging, leading to less than optimum treatments added by patients’ reluctance to visit healthcare facilities due to the fear of COVID-19 transmission. This case study presented an infant with Edwards’ syndrome with major malformation. The patient had several organ problems, was admitted to the NICU, and continued with home care for monitoring for 6 months. Patient then died at 9 months of age. Maintaining the best quality of life for this patient was very challenging for parents and healthcare providers. Since the management for this type of sydnome is more palliative, good education, information, and psychosocial supports for the parents are needed to prepare them with the worst conditions, which was especially more challenging during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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