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BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology

biotropia
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Published by Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology

ISSN : 02156334 EISSN : 1907770X DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11598/btb

Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary

BIOTROPIA, The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, is a scientific publication of the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) – Southeast Asian Regional Center for Tropical Biology (BIOTROP). It publishes articles in the broad areas of tropical ecosystems and environmental impacts, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development and biotechnology.

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)

Articles 520 Documents

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EFFECT OF ANTANAN (CENTELLA ASIATICA) AND VITAMIN C ON THE BURSA OF FABRICIUS, LIVER MALONALDEHIDE AND PERFORMANCE OF HEAT-STRESSED BROILERS TOHA SUTARDI; ENGKUS KUSNADI; REVIANY WlDJAJAKUSUMA
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 24 (2005)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

High environmental temperatures may cause heat stressÂ in poultry. This may increase water consumption, decrease feed consumption and in rum, decrease productivity level. In addition, high temperature contributes to oxidative stress, a condition where oxidant activity (free radicals) exceeds antioxidant activity. In our research, antanan (Centelta asiatica)Â and vitamin C were utilized as anti heat-stress agents for heat-stressed broilers. We used 120 male broilers 2 - 6Â weeks old, kept at 31.98 Â± 1.94 Â°C during the day and 27.36 Â± 1.31 Â°C at night. The data collected were analyzed with a completely randomized factorial design ofÂ 2 x 3 (2 levels of vitamin C, 3 levels of antanan at 4 replications) and continued with the contrast-orthogonal test when significantly different. The results indicate that the treatments of 5 and 10% of antanan with or without 500 ppm of vitamin C and vitamin C alone significantly (P

Antibreast Cancer Activity of Nanopropolis Indonesia on Induced Mammary Gland Tumor by DMBA in Virgin Sprague-Dawley Rats Hasan, Akhmad Endang Zainal; Mangunwidjaja, Djumali; Sunarti, Titi Candra; Suparno, Ono; Setiyono, Agus
BIOTROPIA Vol. 23 No. 1 (2016): BIOTROPIA Vol. 23 No. 1 June 2016
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of nanopropolis on DMBA-induced mammary tumors in rats. After the first tumor appearance, twenty-eight rats were divided into seven groups. Groups 1, 2, and 3 served as recipients of nanopropolis treatments at dosages of 8, 32, and 56 μg/mL, respectively. Group 4 received propolis at 233 μg/mL, Group 5 served as the treatment control, Group 6 received DMBA only, and Group 7 served as the normal control. The effects of nanopropolis at 32 μg/mL and propolis at 233 μg/mL were similar in reducing tumor size, healing wounds caused by the tumor, and eliminating cancer cells. Furthermore, the study suggested a relationship between particle size of the absorbent material and its effectiveness. Overall, nanopropolis was very effective in treating mammary gland tumors and breast cancer even at small concentrations.

AGRONOMIC TRAITS OF LOCAL WETLAND RICE VARIETIES IN JAMBI PROVINCE Julistia Bobihoe
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 28 No. 2 (2021): BIOTROPIA Vol.28 No.2, Agustus 2021
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Swamp Â land is one of the areas of agricultural Â development Â that is perspective Â where the agroecosystem Â has the characteristics, Â and very unique with specific inundation and soil properties compared to other agroecosystems. Â At present, in some of these areas rice cultivation Â is still using local varieties. Local Â rice is one of the genetic resources which is quite diverse. The ability to adapt to extreme environments Â is the reason for most farmers to continue to plant and cultivate local Â rice. The study of the agronomic traits of local rice in swamp land is carried out in order to see the agronomic character and obtain varieties that have superior traits based on their agronomic character. The research activity was carried out in the Rantau Kapas Mudo Village, Batanghari Regency, Jambi Province from April to October 2016. The study used a single plot method. The local rice varieties used are genetic resources of swamp land rice planted in single plots measuring 10 m x 5 m, the distance between plots is 1 m with a spacing of 25 cm x 25 cm. The local varieties used were as many as 11 varieties, consisting of: Serendah Halus, Rimbun Daun, Karya, Serendah Bawang, Sereh Aek, Botol, Pontianak, Semut, Dawi, Ketan Itam and D.I. The characters observed consisted of plant height at harvest, number of productive tillers, age of harvest, number of grains per panicle, number of filled grains per panicle, number of empty grains per panicle, weight of 1,000 grains, seed shape and production. The results showed that there were differences between the local rice varieties of swamp land observed. The results showed that the highest production (3.32 tons / ha) was found in the Leafy variety, evidenced by the Dawi variety (2.86 t / ha). The results showed that there were two local rice varieties, Rimbun Daun and Dawi which had the potential to be developed and were expected to become the leading regional rice varieties in the swamp land.

EFFECT OF PHYTASE SUPPLEMENTATION IN SOYBEAN MEAL BASED DIET ON NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF GREEN CATFISH (Hemibagrus nemurus) JUSADI, DEDI; YULISMAN; MOKOGINTA, ING
BIOTROPIA Vol. 15 No. 2 (2008): BIOTROPIA Vol. 15 No. 2 December 2008
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of phytase supplemented to the diet on phosphorus (P) digestibility and growth performance of the green catfish Hemibagrus nemurus. Five kinds of experimental diets were used in this experiment, namely diets A, B, C, D and E. Diet A, as a control, was supplemented with inorganic P, without phytase supplementation. Diet B, C, D and E were supplemented with 0, 20, 40 and 60 mg phytase/100 g soybean meal (SBM), respectively, without inorganic P supplementation. Fifteen fish with initial body weight of 6.9 + 0.2 g were stocked into each 60-l aquarium. Fish were fed on the diets for 60 days. Results indicated that P digestibility increased from 64.5% to 87.0% as phytase supplement increased from 0 mg in diet B to 60 mg phytase/100 g SBM in diet E. P digestibility in diet E was higher than that in diet A (77.6%). The daily growth rate and feed conversion ratio followed similar trend. P, Calcium (Ca) and Zinc (Zn) concentration in the whole body and bone of fish fed diet E were higher than the fish fed diet B, C and D, but were insignificant compared to the fish fed diet A. Nitrogen (N) and P loading by fish fed diet E were, respectively, 76% and 20% lower than those in fish fed the control diet. It is concluded that the inclusion of 60 mg phytase/100 g SBM in the diet of the green catfish could replace the utilization of inorganic P increase the digestibility of the diet thereby resulting in increased growth rate and reduced excretion of P and N into the waters. Keywords: Hemibagrus nemurus, phytase, soybean meal, phosphorus.

EFFECT OF MANCOZEB 80% CONCENTRATIONS ON THE GROWTH OF CENOCOCCUM GEOPHILUM FR. UNDER IN VITRO CONDITION SUPRIYANTO SUPRIYANTO
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 25 (2005)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Fungicides, such as Mancozeb 80% are used in nurseries to prevent the plant root against pathogenic fungi. These fungicides may have negative impacts on beneficial organisms such as ectomycorrhizal fungi. Cenococcum geophilumÂ is an important ectomycorrhizal fungus associated with some forest trees species. An in vitro experiment was conductedÂ in laboratory condition.Â CenococcumÂ geophilum was cultured on solid Modified Melin Nokransâ€™ (MMN) medium containing Mancozeb 80 % at different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000Â Î¼M). A completely randomized design was used with 8 replicates Petri dishes. Mancozeb 80 % decreased the growth of mycelia of C. geophilum. The radial growth of mycelia was not inhibited by Mancozeb 80 % at 0 to 400 Î¼M concentrations. Fungi-static effect of Mancozeb 80 % was found at 500 to 600 Î¼M concentrations, meanwhile fungi-toxic effect of Mancozeb 80 % was obtained at concentration more than 700 Î¼M. A lethal level of Mancozeb 80% to the growth of C. geophilum was not found. Â Key word :Â fungicide/Mancozeb 80 % /Cenococcum geophilum/fungi-static, fungi-toxic Â

Recovery of Residual Forest Ecosystem as an Impact of Selective Logging in South Papua: An Ecological Approach Murdjoko, Agustinus; Marsono, Djoko; Sadono, Ronggo; Hadisusanto, Suwarno
BIOTROPIA Vol. 24 No. 3 (2017): BIOTROPIA Vol. 24 No. 3 December 2017
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Papua has been experiencing heavy logging activity in its forests for decades . However, only several studies focused on the effect of logging in the forest ecosystem. This research was aimed to analyze recovery processes of the forest ecosystem. The research was conducted in the logged tropical rainforest in South Papua using ecological approach which used tree communities as biotic and soil condition as abiotic indicators. Data were collected in the logging area of PT Tunas Timber Lestari located in the tropical rainforest of South Papua. There were five groups of forests used in this research i.e. unlogged, one year post selectively-logged, five years post selectively-logged, ten yearsÂ post selectively-logged and fifteen years post selectively-logged forests. Thirty nested plots were laid on each forest group. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was applied to analyze the understory and upperstory plant communities. Understory and upperstory plant communities formed different patterns due to logging. Plant communities in the ten and fifteen years post-selectively logged forests were not similar to those in the unlogged forest. Soil organic matter (SOM) content in the selectively logged forests was lower than that in the unlogged forest. These occurrences indicated that the selectively logged forests were still recovering and required more than fifteen years to be fully recovered.

Plant community and soil relationship following wildfires from nuees ardentes on Mt. Merapi Sutomo, Sutomo; Fardila, Dini
BIOTROPIA Vol. 19 No. 1 (2012): BIOTROPIA Vol. 19 No. 1 June 2012
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

At a local scale, vegetation patterns are known to have strong relationships with edaphic factors. In the case of Mt. Merapi volcanic eruption, studies on the relationships between edaphic factors and plant community composition and distribution following the nuees ardentes-ignited wildfires will provide valuable information on post-disturbance secondary successional processes. We collected soil and vegetation data from five different ages of nuees ardentes fire-affected secondary succession forests and one un-affected forest. Our results showed significant correlation of species composition and edaphic factors among sites of secondary forests. Nitrogen and soil water content were found to be the important factors in structuring species composition in the youngest site, where the N-fixing legume species such as Calliandra callothyrsus was found to be dominant. CCA ordination also revealed strong negative correlation between nitrogen content and legume group, while non-legume group were positively correlated with other edaphic factors such as phosphor and potassium. These findings suggested that changes in soil properties due to recovery of this system after volcanic eruption correlated with plant community composition and can be crucial factors in driving the successional trajectory. Understanding ecosystem reassembly process and trajectory of succession will improve how we approach the restoration of Mt. Merapi ecosystem.

Molecular Cloning of the Vitellogenin Gene in the Hard-Lipped Barb (Osteochillus hasseltii C.V) and Photoperiod’s Effects on Gene Expression Prayogo, Norman Arie; Siregar, Asrul Sahri; Sukardi, Purnama; Bessho, Yasumasa
BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018): BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 December 2018
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Photoperiod affects fish reproduction as it regulates activities of the endocrine glands, which produce the hormones needed for geonadal growth and development, gametogenesis, and reproductive cycles. This study aimed to determine the effects of photoperiod on the hard-lipped barb's reproductive performance by exposing the fish to three photoperiod treatments (light hour: L, darks hour: D), namely 14L:10D (control), 8L:16D (short photoperiod) and 18L:6D (long photoperiod), with four aquaria, each containing 9 fish, serving as replicates. The fish were kept under these photoperiods for 8 weeks. Liver activity, the observable variable in the study, was evaluated by measuring vitellogenin gene expression. Normalized data were then subjected to ANOVA, followed by Tukey's range test. The hard-lipped barb's vitellogenin cDNA was found have a 1136 bp sequence and the vitellogenin precursors encoded cDNA comprising 378 amino acids. The vitellogenin gene in each experimental group saw a significant increase on average when exposed to longer photoperiods (P<0.05), and the highest levels of vitellogenin gene expression occurred under long photoperiods (LP, 18 h light:6 h dark). These results indicate that longer photoperiods stimulate and improve the hard-lipped barb's reproductive performance.

COMPARISON OF THREE DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES OF GENE TRANSFER IN HUMPBACK GROUPER ( ) CROMILEPTES ALTIVELIS SUMANTADINATA, KOMAR; SUBYAKTO, SLAMET; ALIMUDDIN; RUSTIDJA; JATI, M. SASMITO; FAIZAL, IRVAN; ALIAH, RATU SITI; TRIASTUTIK, GEMI
BIOTROPIA Vol. 18 No. 1 (2011): BIOTROPIA Vol. 18 No. 1 June 2011
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Humpback grouper is one of the most cultured fishes in Asia, including Indonesia. Themain problemfaced by humpback culture is its slow growth rate.One of themethods that willbe more effective and efficient to solve the problem is using transgenic technique. This studywas conducted to determine the effectiveness of transfection,microinjection and electroporationtechniques on gene transfer in humpback grouper. transfection was performed byincubating sperm to the foreign DNA (pktBP-ktGH gene construct)-transfectant complexsolution, while was by injecting those complex solution into testis of mature males.Microinjection was conducted in 2-4 cell stage embryos using 25 Î¼g/ml of foreign DNAsolution, and duration of injection was 1, 2 and 3 seconds. Electroporation by 50 V, 30 ms ofpulse length, 5 of pulse number and 0.1 of pulse interval was performed to sperm using threeDNA concentration of 5, 10 and 20 Î¼g/ml. The incorporation of foreign DNA in sperm andembryos were analyzed using PCR method. Based on PCR analysis, an optimum DNAconcentration for electroporation was 10 Î¼g/ml. Limited number of embryos could bemicroinjected during 20-30 min to reach 2-4 cell stage. Microinjection for 1 second showedhigher survival rate of embryos, although none or very low number of larvae was hatched.Transfast was an effective DNA delivery reagent for humpback grouper sperm. Foreign DNAcould be detected in sperm from two out of ten transfected fish at least 36 hours posttransfection (hpt). By transfection, foreign DNA was detected in sperm at 48 hpt 25 Cincubation temperature. Our study revealed that transfection, microinjection as well aselectroporation could be used as transgenesis methods in humpback grouper. By means ofsimplicity and efficacy, however, electroporationwas an appropriate gene transfermethod.oIn vitroin vivoin vivoin vitro

Effects of Dietary Probiotic Bacillus NP5 on the Growth Performances of Catfish (Clarias sp.) Putra, Achmad Noerkhaerin; Mustahal, Mustahal; Syamsunarno, Mas Bayu
BIOTROPIA Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020): BIOTROPIA Vol. 27 No. 1 April 2020
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Probiotics have long been applied in aquaculture and have shown positive effects on fish and shrimp. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of probiotic Bacillus NP5 in promoting the growth of catfish (Clarias sp.). Five doses of Bacillus NP5 with three replicates were used, namely 0% probiotic (control), 0.5% probiotic, 1% probiotic, 1.5% probiotic, and 2% probiotic (g/100 g feed). The results showed that the application of probiotics in catfish feed promoted better growth performance compared to the control. Total digestibility and protease enzyme activities were significantly highest in the 1% probiotic treatment. The specific growth rate was highest in the 1% probiotic treatment (2.67 ± 0.18% day⁻¹), followed by 2% probiotic (2.63 ± 0.02% day⁻¹), 1.5% probiotic (2.42 ± 0.07% day⁻¹), 0.5% probiotic (2.29 ± 0.14% day⁻¹), and the control (1.60 ± 0.01% day⁻¹). The addition of 1% Bacillus NP5 as a probiotic in catfish feed showed the best results for protease enzyme activity, protein digestibility, total digestibility, final weight, specific growth rate, weight gain, feed efficiency, and protein efficiency ratio compared to other probiotic doses.

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SEAMEO BIOTROP Jl. Raya Tajur Km. 6 Bogor 16134 INDONESIA

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

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Contact Name Knowledge Management Department

Contact Email kmd@biotrop.org

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Journal Mail Official biotropia@biotrop.org

Editorial Address SEAMEO BIOTROP Jl. Raya Tajur Km. 6 Bogor 16134 INDONESIA

Location Kota bogor, Jawa barat INDONESIA

Abstract

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Contact Name
Knowledge Management Department

Contact Email
kmd@biotrop.org

Phone
+62251-8323848

Journal Mail Official
biotropia@biotrop.org

Editorial Address
SEAMEO BIOTROP Jl. Raya Tajur Km. 6 Bogor 16134 INDONESIA

Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA