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AL KAUNIYAH
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 19783736     EISSN : 25026720     DOI : 10.15408/kauniyah
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi (p-ISSN: 1978-3736, e-ISSN: 2502-6720) is an Open Access Journal published by Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, and established since 2007. Since 2016 Al-Kauniyah has established a collaboration with the Association of Lecturer in Biology and Biology Education throughout the State Islamic Higher University (PTKIN) in Indonesia. Until 2015, Al-Kauniyah covered environmental biology solely, but since 2016 the journal has been extended to cover the entire field of biological science (bioscience). By publishing biannually, on April and October, Al-Kauniyah is intended to communicate original researches and current issues on the subject of biology. Since volume 9 issue 1 April 2016, Al-Kauniyah had been changes the layout. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Manuscripts can be submitted to AL-KAUNIYAH
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Articles 460 Documents
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Analysis of Microglia Morphology and Number in Wistar Rats Brain After CIDR1α-PfEMP1 Recombinant Protein Injection Erma Sulistyaningsih; Izza Amalia Putri; Sheilla Rachmania
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.38242

Abstract

AbstractOne malaria vaccine candidate is Cysteine-rich Interdomain Region 1α (CIDR1α) of Plasmodium falciparumErythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1), an essential protein involved in the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria. Microglia in the brain act as the first line of defense against brain pathological changes. The study aimed to evaluate the response of brain microglia to the CIDR1α-PfEMP1 recombinant protein injection by observing microglia morphology and number in rat’s cerebral cortex. 12 Wistar rats were divided into the control group, which was injected with normal saline solution, and the treatment group, which was injected with 150 µg CIDR1α-PfEMP1 recombinant protein combined with adjuvants. Injection was conducted thrice within three-week intervals (day 1, 21, and 42). Wistar rats were euthanized on day 56, and histological slides were prepared with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. Examination using a microscope, 400x, and Fiji Image J software showed microglia morphology of ramified and rod cells in both the control and treatment groups. The microglia number in the control group was 93.00 ± 5.77, and the treatment group was 105.75 ± 15.62. Statistical analysis using an independent t-test showed no significant differences between groups (p= 0.15). The result indicated that the injection of CIDR1α-PfEMP1 recombinant protein did not provoke pathological changes in brain tissue, which induced a microglia response. This study strengthens the potential of the CIDR1α-PfEMP1 recombinant protein as a peptide-based malaria vaccine candidate.AbstrakSalah satu kandidat vaksin malaria adalah Cysteine-rich Interdomain Region 1α (CIDR1α) dari Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1), protein penting dalam patogenesis malaria serebral. Mikroglia di otak berperan sebagai pertahanan lini pertama terhadap perubahan di otak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi respon mikroglia otak terhadap pemberian protein rekombinan CIDR1α-PfEMP1 dengan mengamati morfologi dan jumlah mikrolia pada korteks serebri otak tikus. 12 tikus Wistar dibagi dalam kelompok kontrol yang diinjeksi normal saline dan  kelompok perlakuan diinjeksi 150 µg protein rekombinan CIDR1α-PfEMP1 yang dikombinasikan dengan adjuvant. Injeksi dilakukan tiga kali dengan interval tiga minggu (hari 1, 21, dan 42). Tikus dieuthanasia pada hari ke-56 dan preparat histologi otak disiapkan dengan pengecatan Hematoxyline-Eosin. Pengamatan menggunakan mikroskop 400x dan Fiji Image J software menunjukkan morfologi ramified dan rod cell pada kelompok kontrol maupun perlakuan. Jumlah mikroglia pada kelompok kontrol 93,00 ± 5,7 sedangkan kelompok perlakuan 105,75 ± 15,62). Analisis statistik menggunakan independent-t test menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara 2 kelompok (p= 0,15). Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa pemberian protein rekombinan CIDR1α-PfEMP1 tidak menimbulkan patologi pada jaringan otak yang memicu respon mikroglia. Hal ini menguatkan potensi protein rekombinan CIDR1α-PfEMP1 sebagai kandidat vaksin malaria berbasis peptida.
The Quantification of Lead Heavy Metals Levels on Mujair Fish (Oreochromis mossambicus) Organs From Brantas and Bengawan Solo River, East Java Province, Indonesia Putri Ayu Ika Setiyowati; Aisyah Hadi Ramadani; Suhariyati Suhariyati; M Ainul Mahbubillah
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 2 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

AbstractOreochromis mossambicus (O. mossambicus) frequently found in the Brantas and Bengawan Solo rivers, Java island, Indonesia. However, heavy metals produced from anthropogenic activities can enter the water and accumulate in organisms living in the river. This study aimed to determine the lead (Pb) heavy metal in the gills, flesh, and intestines of O. mossambicus living in the two aforementioned rivers and to measure the Pb levels in each river. The results showed that the Pb in the O. mossambicus organs in the Bengawan Solo river was as follows 3.159 mg/kg in the gills; 1.930 mg/kg in the intestine; and 2.511 mg/kg in flesh, while in the Brantas river it was follows 1.600 mg/kg in gills; 1.402 mg/kg in the intestine; and 1.455 mg/kg flesh. Pb levels in each river water were 0.568 mg/mL in the Brantas river and 0.525 mg/mL in the Bengawan Solo river. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that the Pb content in fish organs and river water has exceeded the quality standard for Pb levels according to the government regulation No.82 2001 (SNI 7387:2009), that is, 0.3 mg/kg in organs and 0.03 mg/L in water. The results of this study are expected to be a concern for the authorities in order to revitalize the river to restore the function and support the survival of river biota.AbstrakIkan mujair (Oreochromis mossambicus) banyak ditemukan di sungai Brantas dan Bengawan Solo, namun aktivitas antropogenik yang menghasilkan logam berat dapat masuk ke perairan sehingga terakumulasi dalam organisme yang hidup di perairan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan logam berat timbal (Pb) pada insang, daging, dan usus pada O. Mossambicus yang hidup di kedua sungai tersebut serta mengukur kandungan Pb pada masing-masing air sungai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan Pb pada organ O. mossambicus di sungai Bengawan Solo adalah sebagai berikut 3.159 mg/kg pada insang; 1.930 mg/kg di usus; dan 2.511 mg/kg pada daging, sedangkan di sungai Brantas adalah sebagai berikut 1.600 mg/kg pada insang; 1,402 mg/kg pada usus; dan 1,455 mg/kg pada daging. Kadar Pb pada masing-masing air sungai adalah 0,568 mg/mL (sungai Brantas) dan 0,525 mg/mL (sungai Bengawan Solo). Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa kandungan Pb pada organ ikan maupun air sungai sudah melebihi baku mutu kadar Pb pada organ yaitu 0,3 mg/kg (SNI 7387:2009) dan 0,03 mg/L pada perairan (PP No.82 tahun 2001). Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi perhatian pihak-pihak terkait agar dapat melakukan revitalisasi sungai guna mengembalikan fungsi dan mendukung keberlangsungan hidup biota sungai.
Identifikasi Metabolit Sekunder dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Karang Lunak Nephthea sp. Hasil Transplantasi Secara In Situ dan Ex Situ Fahri Fahrudin; Dinda Rama Haribowo; Rahmi Karmila; Danang Aji Pangestu; Fathin Hamida
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 1 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i1.35781

Abstract

AbstrakKarang lunak (Nephthea sp.) menghasilkan metabolit sekunder di habitat aslinya dan dapat dikembangkan menjadi marine natural product (MNP). Nephthea sp. hasil transplantasi diharapkan juga menghasilkan metabolit sekunder yang sama. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan identifikasi metabolit sekunder secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif pada Nephthea sp. hasil transplantasi serta menguji aktivitas antioksidannya. Sampel Nephthea sp. berasal dari Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon (in situ) dan dari akuarium sebagai sampel transplantasi ex situ. Kedua sampel diekstraksi dengan maserasi menggunakan etanol 70% dengan perbandingan 1:3 (w/v). Identifikasi metabolit sekunder dilakukan secara kualitatif dan metode Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) untuk identifikasi kuantitatif. Aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan uji DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-1 pikrilhidrazil) dengan lima konsentrasi dari setiap sampel (10 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm, dan 200 ppm). Nephthea sp. hasil transplantasi memiliki metabolit sekunder golongan alkaloid, tanin, dan steroid. Hasil uji GC-MS menunjukkan terdapat enam jenis senyawa aktif golongan benzene dan fatty acid. Aktivitas antioksidan diperoleh 34,3–73,1% (in situ) dan 33,2–72,3% (ex situ) serta berbeda nyata (P <0,05) pada setiap konsentrasi dari dua sampel. Peningkatan aktivitas antioksidan Nephthea sp. tidak berbeda signifikan (P >0,05) pada perbedaan lokasi transplantasi (in situ dan ex situ). Nephthea sp. hasil transplantasi mengandung enam jenis senyawa metabolit sekunder dan memiliki aktivitas antioksidan.AbstractSoft corals (Nephthea sp.) produce secondary metabolites in their habitat and can be used as marine natural products (MNP). However, Nephthea sp. transplantation not done identified for secondary metabolites. The aim research to identify secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity assay in Nephthea sp. transplant. Samples of Nephthea sp. used from the transplant area of Ujung Kulon National Park (in situ) and from the aquarium as ex situ transplant samples. Both samples extracted by maceration with 70% ethanol (1:3, w/v). Identification of secondary metabolites was carried out qualitatively and using the GC-MS method for quantitative. Antioxidant activity using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-1 picrylhydrazyl) assay. with concentrations of each sample (10 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm, and 200 ppm). Nephthea sp. proven to have secondary metabolites from the alkaloids, tannins and steroids. The result of GC-MS showed that six types of active compounds from the benzene and fatty acid groups. Antioxidant activity obtained was 34.3–73.1% (in situ) dan 33.2–72.3% (ex situ) and was significantly different (P <0.05) at each concentration of the two samples. Antioxidant activity at different transplant locations (in situ and ex situ) in Nephthea sp. did not a significant (P >0.05). Thus, Nephthea sp. transplant were proven to contain six types of secondary metabolite compounds and has antioxidant activity.
Kajian Morfologi dan Hubungan Panjang Dengan Berat Udang Mantis, Harpiosquilla raphidea (Fabricius, 1798) Nurul Oktaviani; Winda Dwi Kartika; Tia Wulandari; Fitriya Shalehati
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 1 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i1.29651

Abstract

 AbstrakUdang mantis (Harpiosquilla raphidea) memiliki karakter morfologi yang berbeda dengan jenis udang lainnya. Selain itu H. raphidea dikenal sebagai hewan air yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis tinggi, khususnya di kawasan mangrove Tanjung Jabung Barat Provinsi Jambi. Pemanfaatan H. raphidea secara ekonomis dianggap perlu diselaraskan dengan kajian morfologi, khususnya yang terkait dengan hubungan panjang dan berat untuk mendukung nilai jual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis morfologi dan pola pertumbuhan H. raphidea. Sampel dikoleksi dari perairan mangrove Pangkal Babu Desa Tungkal 1 Tanjung Jabung Barat. Analisis morfologi menunjukkan bahwa H. raphidea memiliki ciri khas yaitu adanya maksiliped (lengan predator) bercakar tajam dan tidak terdapat perbedaan morfologi antara individu jantan dan betina. H. raphidea yang paling banyak dikoleksi berukuran 168–203mm. Pola pertumbuhan H. raphidea  adalah alometrik negatif yang artinya pertambahan panjang lebih cepat dibandingkan pertambahan beratnya baik untuk individu jantan maupun betina. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa hubungan panjang dan berat H. raphidea dari Perairan Pangkal Babu Tanjung Jabung Barat menunjukkan pola pertumbuhan yang sejalan dengan H. raphidea dari kawasan perairan lainnya di Indonesia.AbstractMantis shrimp (Harpiosquilla raphidea) has morphological characteristics that are different from other types of shrimp. Apart from that, H. raphidea is known as an aquatic animal that has high economic value, especially in the West Tanjung Jabung mangrove area, Jambi Province. The economic use of H. raphidea is considered to need to be harmonized with morphological studies, especially those related to the relationship between length and weight to support selling value. This study aims to analyze the morphology and growth patterns of H. raphidea. Samples were collected from the mangrove waters of Pangkal Babu, Tungkal 1 Tanjung Jabung Barat Village. Morphological analysis shows that H. raphidea has distinctive characteristics, namely the presence of maxilipeds (predatory arms) with sharp claws and there are no morphological differences between male and female individuals. The most commonly collected H. raphidea measures 168–203mm. The growth pattern of H. raphidea is negative allometric, which means that the increase in length is faster than the increase in weight for both male and female individuals. So it can be concluded that the relationship between length and weight of H. raphidea from the Pangkal Babu waters of West Tanjung Jabung shows a growth pattern that is in line with H. raphidea from other water areas in Indonesia. 
The Utilization of Cajuput Leaf Waste as Organic Fertilizer on Plant Tomatoes Growth and Development Ana Widiana; Ukit Ukit; Azat Sudrajat
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.38289

Abstract

AbstractThe annual production of cajuput oil in Indonesia can reach 88,607 tons. This has implications on the accumulation of the waste. One of the efforts to reduce the amount of cajuput waste is to use this waste as organic fertilizer. This study aimed to determine the content of C, N, P, and K of cajuput leaf waste fertilizer and their effect on the growth and development of tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum L.). This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with P0+ treatment (EM4 fertilizer); P0- (no fertilizer); and treatment with the ratio (%) of cajuput leaf waste fertilizer: chicken manure, including P1 (100:0); P2 (75:25); P3(50:50); P4 (25:75); P5(0:100). The results showed that P2 treatment had a higher content of N-total (2.82%) and C-Organic (44.28%) with a C/N ratio of 15.70%, directly proportional to the results of the best vegetative growth response, indicated by a plant height of 125.75 cm, stem diameter 0.665 cm, and the 15.75 number of leaves. The P2 treatment was considered to have the best for tomato plant development by producing fruit sizes (diameter; length) up to 3.40 cm; 3.49 cm with a weight of 20 g.AbstrakProduksi tahunan minyak kayu putih di Indonesia bisa mencapai 88.607 ton. Hal ini berimplikasi pada penumpukan sampah. Salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi jumlah limbah daun kayu putih adalah dengan memanfaatkan limbah tersebut sebagai pupuk organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan C, N, P, dan K pupuk limbah daun kayu putih serta pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum L.). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Perlakuan P0+ (pupuk EM4); P0- (tanpa pupuk); dan perlakuan dengan perbandingan (%) pupuk limbah daun kayu putih dengan kotoran ayam, di antaranya P1 (100:0); P2 (75:25); P3 (50:50); P4 (25:75); P5 (0:100). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan P2 memiliki kandungan N-total (2,82%) dan C-Organik (44,28%) yang lebih tinggi dengan rasio C/N 15,70%, berbanding lurus dengan hasil respon pertumbuhan vegetatif terbaik yang ditunjukkan oleh tinggi tanaman 125,75 cm, diameter batang 0,665 cm dan jumlah daun 15,75. Perlakuan P2 dinilai paling baik untuk perkembangan tanaman tomat dengan menghasilkan ukuran buah (diameter; panjang) hingga 3,40 cm; 3,49 cm dengan berat 20 g. 
Keragaman Lima Aksesi Jawer Kotok (Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br.) Berdasarkan Morfologi dan Marka RAPD Tias Arlianti; Nur Laela Wahyuni Meilawati; Rubi Heryanto; Susi Purwiyanti
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 1 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v16i2.1.25556

Abstract

 AbstrakJawer kotok (Plectranthus scutellariodes (L) R.Br.) selain berfungsi sebagai tanaman obat, sering digunakan sebagai tanaman hias karena bentuk dan warna daunnya yang indah. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat (BALITTRO) memiliki lima aksesi Jawer kotok yang belum teridentifikasi keragaman genetiknya. Koleksi tersebut perlu dikarakterisasi untuk mendapatkan data morfologi tanaman yang dapat digunakan sebagai pembanding antartanaman secara cepat. Identifikasi keragaman genetik dapat menggunakan karakter morfologi ataupun marka molekuler seperti Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keragaman genetik lima aksesi Jawer kotok berdasarkan karakter morfologi dan marka RAPD. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan adalah lima aksesi Jawer kotok koleksi kebun percobaan Cimanggu BALITTRO, Bogor Jawa-Barat. Karakteristik morfologi yang diamati meliputi habitus, daun, batang, dan bunga. DNA diekstraksi dari daun segar dengan metode CTAB kemudian diamplifikasi menggunakan 20 primer RAPD. Analisa kekerabatan menggunakan metode Gower dan UPGMA dengan software PBSTAT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat keragaman pada bentuk daun, bentuk ujung daun, warna daun, dan warna corak daun. Analisis molekuler menunjukkan primer OPK 20, OPB 8, OPD 11, dan OPB 13 merupakan primer dengan polimorfisme tertinggi. Kelima aksesi berdasarkan karakter morfologi dan RAPD memiliki hubungan kekerabatan antara 0,5–0,8. Hubungan kekerabatan terjauh adalah aksesi JK1dan JK5, sedangkan kekerabatan terdekat pada aksesi JK3 dan JK4. Karakter daun merupakan karakter dengan keragaman genetik yang tinggi, dan dapat dijadikan kriteria sebagai penciri utama.AbstractJawer kotok (Plectranthus scutellarioides (L) R.Br.) apart from functioning as a medicinal plant, is often used as an ornamental plant because of the beautiful shape and color of its leaves. The Research Institute for Spices and Medicinal Plants (BALITTRO) has five Jawer kotok accessions whose genetics have not been identified. These collections need to be characterized to obtain plant morphological data that can be used as a quick comparison between plants. Genetic identity can use morphological characters or molecular markers such as Random Appointed Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). This research aims to reveal the genetics of five Jawer kotok accessions based on morphological characters and RAPD markers. The plant materials used were five Jawer kotok accessions from the Cimanggu BALITTRO experimental garden, Bogor, West Java. Morphological characteristics observed include habitus, leaves, stems and flowers. DNA was extracted from fresh leaves using the CTAB method and then amplified using 20 RAPD primers. Relationship analysis uses the Gower and UPGMA methods with PBSTAT software. The research results showed that there was diversity in leaf shape, leaf tip shape, leaf color, and leaf pattern color. Molecular analysis showed that the primers OPK 20, OPB 8, OPD 11, and OPB 13 were the primers with the highest polymorphism. The five accessions based on morphological characters and RAPD have a relationship between 0.5–0.8. The furthest kinship is in accessions JK1 and JK5, while the closest kinship is in accessions JK3 and JK4. Leaf characters are characters with high genetics, and can be used as criteria as main characteristics.
In Silico Evaluation Reveals The Potential Risk of Antimicrobial Resistance in Bifidobacterium Anwar Rovik; Ahmad Reza Maulana; Silmi Qurrotu Aini; Dyah Fitri Kushayarti
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.34873

Abstract

AbstractBifidobacteria have beneficial health effects for their hosts. However, they may acquire antibiotic-resistance genes. They may transfer antibiotic-resistance genes to pathogenic microbes found in the human intestine resulting in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. This study aimed to predict their resistance to antibiotics by analyzing the whole genome sequence. The entire genome data of Bifidobacterium spp. were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). This study included five Bifidobacterium strains of human origin, five strains of animal origin, and three strains isolated from the environment. The genomic sequences were analyzed using ResFinder and CARD web service. Antibiotic-resistance genes were detected in Bifidobacterium spp. from all sample sources. Bifidobacteria were potentially resistant to various antibiotics, such as tetracycline, rifamycin, chloramphenicol, macrolide, lincosamide, streptogramin, and mupirocin-like antibiotics. This study suggests the safety aspect consideration of applying Bifidobacterium spp. as a potential probiotic.AbstrakBifidobacteria memiliki efek kesehatan yang menguntungkan bagi inangnya. Namun, sel Bifidobacteria dapat memperoleh gen resistensi antibiotik. Hal ini memunculkan potensi transfer gen resistensi antibiotik ke mikroba patogen yang ditemukan di usus manusia yang mengakibatkan munculnya patogen yang resisten terhadap antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi resistensi Bifidobacteria terhadap antibiotik dengan menganalisis seluruh urutan genomnya. Seluruh data genom Bifidobacterium spp. diperoleh dari National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Penelitian ini melibatkan lima strain Bifidobacterium yang diisolasi dari manusia, lima strain yang berasal dari hewan, dan tiga strain yang diisolasi dari lingkungan. Sekuens genom dianalisis menggunakan ResFinder dan layanan web CARD. Gen resistensi antibiotik terdeteksi pada Bifidobacterium spp. dari semua sumber sampel. Bifidobacteria berpotensi menjadi resisten terhadap berbagai antibiotik, seperti tetrasiklin, rifamisin, kloramfenikol, makrolida, linkosamida, streptogramin, dan mupirocin-like antibiotics. Penelitian ini menyarankan pertimbangan aspek keamanan dalam menggunakan Bifidobacterium spp. sebagai probiotik potensial. 
Identifikasi DNA Ikan Sapu-sapu (Pterygoplichthys sp.) Pada Siomai dengan DNA Barcoding Dedy Suseno; Intan Razari
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 2 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i2.34277

Abstract

AbstrakSiomai adalah salah satu jenis makanan yang menggunakan bahan baku utama ikan. Pada dasarnya pembuatan siomai dapat menggunakan berbagai jenis ikan, ikan sapu-sapu bisa jadi salah satunya. Ikan sapu-sapu merupakan salah satu jenis ikan yang banyak hidup di perairan Indonesia misalnya pada Sungai Ciliwung. Tercemarnya air Sungai Ciliwung dengan logam berat Hg, Pb, Cd, dan Ag sangat memungkinkan logam-logam berat tersebut terakumulasi pada ikan sapu-sapu. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengidentifikasi DNA ikan sapu-sapu pada sampel siomai dan menganalisis adanya kandungan logam berat pada sampel siomai yang mengandung ikan sapu-sapu. Sampel siomai yang dianalisis sebanyak 28 sampel. Sampel ini didapatkan dari 28 lokasi berbeda di sekitar stasiun kereta api Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Analisis DNA ikan sapu-sapu menggunakan primer spesifik dan analisis logam berat menggunakan metode Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Sebanyak 9 dari 28 sampel memperlihatkan pita berukuran 496 pb pada gel elektroforesis. Pita tersebut terkonfirmasi spesies ikan sapu-sapu (Pterygoplichthys pardalis dan Hypostomus plecostomus) setelah dianalisis menggunakan sequencing sanger. Sebanyak 9 sampel yang teridentifikasi mengandung ikan sapu-sapu juga mengandung logam berat Pb dengan rentang konsentrasi 0,06 mg/kg sampai 0,12 mg/kg dan logam berat Cd <0,007 mg/kg. Kandungan logam berat pada sampel siomai masih di bawah ambang batas aman sesuai ketentuan SNI dan BPOM.AbstractSiomai is a type of food that uses fish as the main ingredient. Siomai can be made by using various types of fish, suckermouth catfish can be one of them. Suckermouth catfish is a type of fish that lives a lot in Indonesian rivers, for example in the Ciliwung River. Pollution of Ciliwung River water with heavy metals Hg, Pb, Cd, and Ag makes it possible for these heavy metals to accumulate in the suckermouth catfish. The purpose of this study is to identify the suckermouth catfish DNA in the siomai sample and analyze the presence of heavy metals in the siomai sample containing suckermouth catfish. Siomai samples analyzed were 28 samples. This sample was obtained from 28 different locations around the DKI Jakarta Provincial train station. DNA Analysis of the suckermouth catfish using specific primers and analysis of heavy metals using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) method. Nine of the 28 samples showed a 496 bp band on the electrophoretic gel. The band was confirmed by the species of suckermouth catfish (Pterygoplichthys pardalis and Hypostomus plecostomus) after being analyzed using Sanger sequencing. A total of 9 samples that were identified as containing suckermouth catfish also contained the heavy metal Pb with a concentration range of 0.06 mg/kg to 0.12 mg/kg and the heavy metal Cd <0.007 mg/kg. The heavy metals content in the siomai sample is still below the safe threshold according to SNI and BPOM provisions.
Respon IAA dan BAP Terhadap Multiplikasi In Vitro Tunas Tanaman Krisan Varietas Suciono (Chrysanthemum indicum L) Didik Pudji Restanto; Nur Lailin Nafiah; Wahyu Indra Duwi Fanata; Tri Ratnasari; Refa Firgiyanto
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 2 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v16i2.1.27417

Abstract

AbstrakTanaman krisan varietas Suciono merupakan tanaman hias yang potensial dikembangkan dan diminati oleh penduduk dunia, yang ditunjukkan dengan permintaan pasar terhadap tanaman krisan meningkat sepanjang tahun. Hal ini menyebabkan perbanyakan krisan secara in vitro sangat penting untuk dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) dan Benzly Amino Purine (BAP) terhadap multiplikasi tunas krisan varietas Suciono. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan satu faktor yakni kombinasi hormon IAA dan BAP yang 9 kombinasi, yakni 0 mg/L +  1,5 mg/L; 0 mg/L + 2 mg/L; 0 mg/L + 2,5 mg/L; 0,5 mg/L + 1,5 mg/L; 0,5 mg/L + 2 mg/L; 0,5 mg/L + 2,5 mg/L; 1 mg/L + 1,5 mg/L; 1 mg/L + 2 mg/L; dan 1 mg/L + 2,5 mg/L dimana setiap kombinasi diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Variabel yang diamati meliputi analisis histologis kalus, waktu muncul tunas, jumlah tunas, tinggi tunas, dan jumlah daun. Hasil analisis ragam atau ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi IAA 0 mg/L dan BAP 2 mg/L merupakan kombinasi konsentrasi terbaik untuk multiplikasi tunas. Penambahan BAP 2 mg/L mampu menghasilkan persentase muncul tunas. 100%, jumlah tunas 3 per-eksplan, tinggi tunas 7 cm, dan jumlah daun sebanyak 16 helai.AbstractThe variety Suciono of chrysanthemum is a potential ornamental plant that is in demand by the world's population, as indicated by the increasing market demand for chrysanthemum plants throughout the year. This  has led to the importance of in vitro propagation of chrysanthemum. The aim of the this study is to determine the effect of Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) and Benzly Amino Purine (BAP) on the multiplication of chrysanthemum shoots of the Suciono variety. The design of this study used nodus explants, treated with a combination of IAA hormones and BAP. It is make 9 combinations, and then the combinations of hormones is 0 mg/L + 1,5 mg/L; 0 mg/L + 2 mg/L; 0 mg/L + 2,5 mg/L; 0,5 mg/L + 1,5 mg/L; 0,5 mg/L + 2 mg/L; 0,5 mg/L + 2,5 mg/L; 1 mg/L + 1,5 mg/L; 1 mg/L + 2 mg/L; and 1 mg/L + 2,5 mg/L.  The observed variables included histological analysis of callus, time of shoot emergence,  number of shoots, shoots height, and number of leaves. The results of the analysis showed that the treatment with 0 mg/L IAA and 2 mg/L BAP was the best concentration for shoots multiplication. The addition of 2 mg/L BAP was able to produce a percentage of shoots emergence of 100%, 3 shoots per explant, shoots height of 7 cm and 16 leaves.
Biometrik dan Kematangan Gonad Ikan Selar Kuning (Selaroides leptolepis Cuvier, 1833) Pada Perairan Muara Badak, Kalimantan Timur Jusmaldi Jusmaldi; Karisma Dewi; Nova Hariani
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 1 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v16i2.1.27010

Abstract

AbstrakAspek biologis ikan Selar kuning Selaroides leptolepis (Cuvier, 1833) pada Perairan Muara Badak, Kalimantan Timur belum pernah diinformasikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aspek biometrik dan kematangan gonad ikan Selar kuning. Pengumpulan sampel ikan dilakukan setiap bulan dari September hingga Desember 2021. Total 530 individu ikan dikoleksi menggunakan metode acak sederhana dari hasil tangkapan nelayan yang ikannya didaratkan di pelabuhan nelayan Toko Lima, Muara Badak. Panjang tubuh ikan diukur menggunakan kaliper digital dan bobot tubuh ditimbang menggunakan neraca digital. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh panjang tubuh ikan berkisar 91,39–145,44 mm dan bobot 7,60–37,60 g. Modus dominan panjang tubuh ikan didapatkan pada rentang kelas 121,39–127,38 mm. Rasio kelamin adalah 1 jantan: 1,03 betina, yang menunjukkan rasio jenis kelamin seimbang. Hubungan panjang dan bobot tubuh memiliki koefisien korelasi yang kuat (r= 0,953), dengan persamaan regresi W= 0,0000003L3,281. Pola pertumbuhan allometrik positif dan nilai faktor kondisi relatif rata-rata 1,04 ± 0,060, yang mencerminkan kondisi pertumbuhan ikan relatif baik. Persentase tertinggi ikan matang gonad didapatkan pada bulan November dan Desember 2021, yang mengindikasikan ikan siap memijah. Kajian ini meginformasikan hubungan panjang dan bobot tubuh, pola pertumbuhan, faktor kondisi, rasio jenis kelamin, dan tingkat kematangan gonad ikan Selar kuning dari Perairan Muara Badak yang dapat digunakan untuk penilaian kesehatan populasi dan strategi pengelolaannya.AbstractBiological aspects of the Yellow-stripe scad Selaroides leptolepis (Cuvier, 1833) from Muara Badak Waters, East Kalimantan have never been informed anywhere. This research aimed to inform biometrics aspects and gonadal maturity of the Yellow-stripe scad. The collection of fish samples was carried out every month from September to December 2021. A total of 530 individual fish were collected using a simple random method from the catches of fishers who landed their fish at the Toko Lima fishing port, Muara Badak. Its body length was measured using a digital caliper and the body weight was weighed using a digital balance. The results of this research showed that the fish’s body length ranged from 91.39–145.44 mm and body weight ranged from 7.60–37.60 g. A modus of fish body length was found in the range class of 121.39–127.38 mm. The sex ratio is 1 male:1.03 female, which indicates a balanced sex proportion. The length and bodyweight relationship has a strong correlation coefficient (r= 0.953), with the regression equation was W= 0.0000003L3.281. The positive allometric growth and the relative condition factor value were an average of 1.04 ± 0.060, reflecting the fish’s relatively good growth conditions.The highest percentage of gonadal maturity of fishes was found in November and December 2021, which indicated that the fishes were ready to spawn. This research provides information on the relationship between length and body weight, growth patterns, condition factors, sex ratio, and gonadal maturity level of the Yellow-stripe scad from Muara Badak waters which can be used for population health assessment and management strategies.

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