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INDONESIA
AL KAUNIYAH
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 19783736     EISSN : 25026720     DOI : 10.15408/kauniyah
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi (p-ISSN: 1978-3736, e-ISSN: 2502-6720) is an Open Access Journal published by Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, and established since 2007. Since 2016 Al-Kauniyah has established a collaboration with the Association of Lecturer in Biology and Biology Education throughout the State Islamic Higher University (PTKIN) in Indonesia. Until 2015, Al-Kauniyah covered environmental biology solely, but since 2016 the journal has been extended to cover the entire field of biological science (bioscience). By publishing biannually, on April and October, Al-Kauniyah is intended to communicate original researches and current issues on the subject of biology. Since volume 9 issue 1 April 2016, Al-Kauniyah had been changes the layout. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Manuscripts can be submitted to AL-KAUNIYAH
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 460 Documents
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Leukocyte Profile of Broiler Chickens (Gallus domesticus) After Consumption of Feed With Spirulina (Spirulina sp.) Feed Additives and Liquid Nano Chitosan Gunawan, Rida Arwanda; Sunarno, Sunarno; Djaelani, Muhammad Anwar; Kasiyati, Kasiyati
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 2 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v18i2.40513

Abstract

Broilers (Gallus domesticus) are prone to stress and immune suppression due to inadequate environmental conditions and feed quality. Spirulina, known for its antioxidant and immunostimulant properties, and liquid nano chitosan, which has antibacterial activity, are considered promising feed additives for broiler health. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Spirulina flour, liquid nano chitosan, and their interaction on broiler leukocyte profiles. A factorial completely randomized design was used, with six treatment groups and four replications. Treatments included a control and diets supplemented with 0; 3; or 6% Spirulina powder, combined with 0 or 5% liquid nanochitosan. The treatments were applied for 26 days. Leukocyte observations were performed using Giemsa-stained blood smears at 400× magnification. Data were analyzed using Two-Way ANOVA (α= 0.05) and the Friedman Test. Results showed normal leukocyte morphology. Spirulina supplementation had no significant effect (P >0.05) on leukocyte, heterophil, or lymphocyte counts. In contrast, 5% liquid nano chitosan significantly affected (P <0.05) leukocyte and lymphocyte numbers. No interaction between the two additives was observed. In conclusion, Spirulina (3–6%) showed potential as a feed additive, while 5% liquid nano chitosan reduced leukocyte and lymphocyte counts. These natural additives may support broiler health without altering leukocyte profiles.
COVER AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI VOL. 18 NO. 2 OKTOBER 2025 oktober, cover
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 2 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v18i2.46194

Abstract

Potential Combination of Cermai (Phyllanthus acidus) and Mulberry (Morus alba) Fruit Extract as a Candidate For Tyrosinase Inhibitor Susanti, Erna; AS, Nour Athiroh; Ramadhan, Majida; Mardhiyah, Mardhiyah; Noor, Mahanem Mat
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 2 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v18i2.42571

Abstract

Melanin, a pigment derived from UV radiation, is crucial in preventing skin damage and can cause aesthetic and dermatological problems such as hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation. Melanogenesis is a complex process involving enzymes and cytokines, with UV being a primary contributor. Tyrosinase is a key enzyme in melanin synthesis. This study aims to test the potential of combining cermai fruit extract (CE) and mulberry fruit (ME) as a tyrosinase inhibitor. The tests included antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, total phenolic content using the Folin Ciocalteu method, flavonoid content using the AlCl3 colorimetric method, and sun protection factor (SPF) value using UV-Vis spectrophotometric method. The results showed that the highest total phenolic content was observed in (CE), followed by the combination of ME: CE in the ratio of 1:3, 1:1, 3:1, and then ME. The same pattern was seen in the flavonoid content assay results. The antioxidant activity, as indicated by the IC50 values, followed the following order CE 418.30%; ME: CE (1:3) 400.49%; ME: CE (1:1) 367.73%; ME: CE (3:1) 358.04%; and ME 344.43%. The highest SPF value was observed in ME. It can be concluded that this study shows that the combination of CE and ME extracts has potential as a tyrosinase inhibitor and skin protective agent from hyperpigmentation due to UV exposure.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae’s Potential Application in Improving Quality of Yogurt Produced in Suboptimal Fermentation Conditions Sukmana, Andreas Binar Aji; Kristiani, Elizabeth Betty Elok; Wicaksono, Rifky Adi
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 2 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v18i2.38675

Abstract

The quality of a yogurt highly depends on the milk’s quality, the culture, and the incubation temperature. However, many home yogurt makers do not have access to fresh milk and incubator which may lead to subpar-quality yogurt. This research explored the potential of using Saccharomyces cerevisiae to improve yogurt quality when fermentation conditions are suboptimal. The experiment was conducted by inoculating ultra-high temperature (UHT)--sterilized milk with a 10% yogurt starter containing Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus, also various S. cerevisiae concentrations (0; 0.156; 0.625; 2.5; and 10%). The inoculated milk was fermented at 30 °C for 24 hours. Their sensory qualities were examined by the panelists. Their acidity, pH, and microorganism count were examined before and after incubation. S. cerevisiae addition at 2.5% displayed better taste and texture without discernable unpleasant aroma. These improvements might be due to the ethanol production by S. cerevisiae. S. cerevisiae addition was also found to slightly inhibit the growth of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus. However, the combined number of these probiotic microorganisms (2.7 × 108 CFU/mL) was still by the national standard.  S. cerevisiae addition potentially improves yogurt quality made from UHT milk incubated at lower temperatures.
Sesquiterpene Content Analysis of Agarwood Inoculated Using The Simpori Technique Pratiwi, Dian; Wahyuni, Resti
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 2 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v18i2.40877

Abstract

Agarwood is a resin formed in plants that belong to the Thymelaeaceae family, including Gyrinops Versteeg, as a result of damage or microbial infection. The content of sesquiterpenes in both the wild and cultivated agarwood indicates its quality. Nevertheless, information regarding the comparison between the content has not been provided. This study aimed at identifying the sesquiterpenes in G. versteegii inoculated using the simpori technique with various dosages of inoculants (3; 9; and 18 mL/porous nail) and harvested at 18 months after inoculation. The harvested agarwood was extracted using n-hexane solvent. The chemical compositions were subsequently analyzed using the GC-MS. Compounds with a similarity index above 80% were analyzed, including their presence and percentage in the agarwood. The statistical significance test was carried out with a 5% level of significance. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed a P-value <0.05, indicating the significant differences between the inoculant dosages on the percentage of sesquiterpenes. Agarwood with F. solani at a dosage of 9 mL/porous nail shows the best result with a Mean Rank of 16 and 23.69% of sesquiterpenes. It contains aromadendrene; α-selinene; (1aS,4aS,8aR)-4a,8,8-trimethyl-2-methylene-1,1a,2,4a,5,6,7,8-ctahydrocyclopropa[d]naphthalene; 6-Methyl-2-(4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl)hepta-1,5-dien-4-ol; alloaromadendrene; and eremophilene. Therefore, this dosage is recommended for optimizing agarwood production.
Effect of Ethanol Extract of Wijaya Kusuma Leaves (Epiphyllum oxypetalum) as An Inhibitor of Salmonella typhi Bacteria Ahada, M Tegar Suhitar; Nazip, Khoiron; Anggraini, Nike
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 2 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v18i2.40587

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of ethanol extract of wijaya kusuma leaves (Epiphyllum oxypetalum) as an inhibitor and determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) against Salmonella typhi bacteria. Quantitative research method with an experimental research design using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and the results were analyzed using One Way ANOVA test and continued with the Tukey test. Test method with disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer) in antibacterial test with extract concentration 0; 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; and 0.6% (g/v) and liquid dilution method in Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) test with extract concentration 0; 0.02; 0.04; 0.06; 0.08; and 0.1% (g/v). The results showed that ethanol extract of wijaya kusuma leaves (Epiphyllum oxypetalum) had a significant effect on Salmonella typhi bacteria with the best concentration of 0.6% which had a mean inhibition zone area of 45.05 ± 4.80 mm2 and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was in the concentration range of 0 to 0.02% (g/v). The ethanol extract of wijaya kusuma leaves (Epiphyllum oxypetalum) has an effect as a growth inhibitor of Salmonella typhi bacteria.
INDEX AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI VOL. 18 NO. 2 OKTOBER 2025 oktober, index
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 2 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v18i2.46196

Abstract

Potensi Kulit Buah Jengkol Sebagai Bioinsektisida Terhadap Rayap (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Menggunakan Metode Baiting Fahrudin, Fahri; Dasumiati, Dasumiati; Angraini, Isty; Hamida, Fathin
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 2 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v18i2.44952

Abstract

Bioinsektisida merupakan bahan hayati pengendali organisme pengganggu yang berpotensi menjadi hama, di antaranya rayap. Bahan hayati yang berpotensi sebagai bioinsektisida adalah kulit buah jengkol. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi optimal dari ekstrak kulit buah jengkol sebagai bioinsektisida rayap. Skrining fitokimia ekstrak kulit buah jengkol dilakukan secara kualitatif. Mahoni dan jati belanda dijadikan sebagai kayu uji yang direndam ekstrak kulit buah jengkol (konsentrasi 0; 2; 4; dan 6%) selama 24 jam. Kedua jenis kayu diuji pada rayap menggunakan metode pengumpanan (Baiting) dengan tiga kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah mortalitas rayap, penurunan berat kayu uji, dan nilai retensi ekstrak. Data dianalisis Anova (95%) dengan uji lanjut DMRT menggunakan SPSS 25. Ekstrak terbukti mengandung alkaloid, fenol, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, dan terpenoid yang berpotensi sebagai racun pencernaan pada rayap. Mortalitas rayap di setiap perlakuan (2; 4; dan 6%) berbeda nyata (P <0,05) dengan perlakuan 0% pada semua kayu uji serta dapat meningkatkan keawetan kayu. Penurunan berat kayu terendah pada perlakuan 6% dan tergolong pada kelas awet I. Ekstrak kulit buah jengkol (6%) mampu meningkatkan kelas awet kayu mahoni dan jati belanda terhadap serangan rayap.
Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus sp.) in The Northern Waters of Jepara Used DNA Barcoding Lazuardhi, Risqi; Sabdaningsih, Aninditia; Ayuningrum, Diah; Saputra, Suradi Wijaya; Hartoko, Agus; Haeruddin, Haeruddin
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 2 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v18i2.38705

Abstract

The Awur Bay and Kartini Beach in Jepara, Central Java, are fishing areas with blue swimming crab as a main catch. This study aims to examine the species of blue swimming crabs captured in the Northern Waters of Jepara from different locations, analyze the molecular characteristics based on gender differences, obtain GenBank accession numbers as genetic conservation, and construct their phylogenetic tree. The research used a quantitative descriptive method. Samples were collected using purposive sampling from fishermen's catches and selected based on the difference in crab claws and carapace color, with a total of 4 samples. The samples were extracted using a DNA extraction kit and tested using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to visualize mitochondrial DNA (COI gene) and processed using MEGA 11. BLAST results showed that the similarity of the samples to Portunus pelagicus ranged from 97.02% to 99.42%. The different colors of claws and carapace did not affect the DNA sequence composition, hence indicating sexual dimorphisms. The DNA sequences from this study were deposited to GenBank with accession number LC836055.1-LC836058.1. Based on the phylogenetic tree construction, the clade of all samples shows a close relationship with the species Portunus pelagicus.
Detection and Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria in Monomorium sp. Ant in The Environment of Kendari City Hospital, Southeast Sulawesi Amirullah, Amirullah; Yanti, Nur Arfa; Surachma, Wahyuni Nurul; Suriana, Suriana
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 2 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v18i2.41032

Abstract

Monomorium sp. ant is one of the insects that are considered pests in the hospital environment and potential to be mechanical vectors that can carry and spread pathogenic bacteria and cause nosocomial infections. This study aims to detect and identify pathogenic bacteria found in Monomorium sp. ants originating from the environment of Kendari City Hospital, Southeast Sulawesi. Sampling of Monomorium sp. was carried out by the bait/sugar trap method in 3 locations of Kendari City Hospital, namely internal inpatient rooms, nutrition installations, and laboratory installations. Detection of pathogenic bacteria was carried out by the pour plate method on selective media, namely MacConkey Agar and Mannitol Salt Agar. The identification of bacteria was carried out by numerical-phenetic analysis based on phenotypic characters using the MVSP 3.1 application. The results of the study identified 5 species of pathogenic bacteria found in Monomorium sp. ants from the Kendari City Hospital environment. Three species of bacteria were found in ants from the internal inpatient room, namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Brevundimonas vesicularis, and two species found in ants from nutrition installations, namely Pseudomonas luteola and Staphylococcus auricularis. No pathogenic bacteria were found in ants from the laboratory installation.

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