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Althea Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23374330     DOI : 10.15850/amj
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
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Thawing Time Difference between Fresh Frozen Plasma Using Ziplock Plastic and non-Ziplock Plastic in Blood Transfusion Unit Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia Rinanty, Rima; Lismayanti, Leni; Harahap, Raja Iqbal Mulya
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v10n3.2795

Abstract

Background: The quality of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) in a clinical setting depends on thawing time. Thawing using a water bath is often used in blood transfusion units because it is easy to perform, affordable, and easy to look for. Protective plastics (Ziplock and non-Ziplock) are used to reduce the risk of contamination,. This study aimed to determine whether there is a difference in thawing time between FFP using Ziplock plastic and non-Ziplock plastic.Method: This experimental design was conducted in the Blood Bank Unit of Hasan Sadikin Hospital from June-August 2021. Samples were divided into two groups, namely thawing using Ziplock and non-Ziplock. Each group consisted of volume 160-200 ml and 201-240 ml.Results: The total samples were 24 FFP bags. In the group of the bag 160-200 ml, the median thawing time using Ziplock plastic was 8 minutes (8-16 minutes), non-Ziplock was 15 minutes (8-16 minutes) (p value 0,111), whereas in a group of bags with volume 201-240 ml, the median thawing time using Ziplock was 15 minutes (8-28 minutes), non-Ziplock was 20 minutes (14-30 minutes) (p- value 0,332). Although there was a time difference in both groups, the difference was non-significant.Conclusion: The thawing time between the small bag with a volume of 160-200 ml and the larger volume of 201-240 ml shows no difference. Ziplock plastic can be used to reduce the risk of contamination.
Prognostic Nutritional Index and Systemic Immune-inflammation Index: Possible New Parameters for COVID-19 Severity Suyoso, Suyoso; Oehadian, Amaylia; Khotijah, Alfreda Amelia; Marthoenis, Marthoenis
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v10n3.3061

Abstract

Background: The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) parameter has been widely used in estimating the severity of COVID-19. In contrast, investigating the role of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in determining the COVID-19 severity is prospective. This study aimed to investigate the potential of PNI and SII parameters to distinguish the severity of symptoms of COVID-19.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted among 209 hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Data were collected from August 2021 to February 2022 in Indonesia’s general COVID-19 referral hospital. Demographic and laboratory data, including PNI and SII, were analyzed and compared between the severe and non-severe symptoms of COVID-19 patients. The statistical analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and area under curve (AUC) was conducted to predict the potential of these parameters in distinguishing the COVID-19 severity. Results: More than half of this study’s patients (54.55%) were non-severe COVID-19. The SII values in patients with severe symptoms were significantly higher than in those with non-severe symptoms (2,445.24 vs. 1,423.28, p=0.005). In contrast, the PNI value in patients with severe COVID-19 symptoms was significantly lower than those with non-severe symptoms (38.04 vs. 33.93, p<0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) value of PNI was 0.694, meanwhile the SII was 0.635. The optimum cut-off for the PNI was <35.407, whereas the SII was >2,212.787. PNI and SII were the potential new diagnostic parameters for COVID-19 severity.Conclusion: PNI and SII parameters can potentially distinguish the severity of symptoms of COVID-19.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards Thalassemia Prevention among College Students in Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia Kusumadewi, Ratu Istihajar; Tansah, Haryono; Widjadjakusumah, Anggraini
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Background: Thalassemia is the most common hereditary anemia disease. Sixty thousand thalassemia major patients are born each year and require continuous blood transfusion to survive, meanwhile 12% die in the perinatal period due to anaemic conditions. Specifically in Indonesia, 10% of the societies are deemed to be carriers, but the studies on thalassemia prevention are still limited.. This study aimed to explore the correlations between knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of college students toward thalassemia prevention.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analytic study conducted in September−October 2015. A total of 536 respondents from various faculties in Universitas Padjadjaran were gathered based on purposive sampling. The data obtained from validated questionnaires were analyzed by Spearman’s Rank correlation test.Results: The correlation between knowledge and attitude was weak, but the p-value was significant (rs= +0.388, ρ= 0.041). Yet, there was no correlation between knowledge and practice (rs= +0.280, ρ= 0.063), nor between attitude and practice (rs = +0.012, ρ= 0.786).Conclusions: Knowledge positively affects college students’ attitude to thalassemia prevention; however, it does not have the same effect on its practice. It is consistent with the attitude, which also does not correlate with the practice of college students toward thalassemia prevention. Therefore, other affirmative actions or direct interventions and programs are still needed to maximize  thalassemia prevention. 
Garcinia Mangostana Pericarp Extract Protection on Reproductive Function of Obese-Diabetic Rats Model Nindita, Yora; Karlowee, Vega; Kesumayadi, Irfan; Istiadi, Hermawan; Muniroh, Muflihatul
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v10n3.2905

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in obese has been considered a risk factor for male infertility. Garcinia mangostana pericarp extract (GMPE) is known to have anti-hyperglycemic, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of GMPE therapy on reproductive function in obese T2DM rats by examining testosterone level, testicular histopathological features, and hs-CRP level.Methods: Thirty-six male Wistar rats, aged 2–3 months, were randomly divided into 6 groups and treated with a standard diet (NC), high-fat diet (HFD) with GMPE 200 mg/kgBW (obese GMPE control/OGC200), HFD with 45 mg/kgBW STZ-NA (obese-diabetic control/ODC), obese-diabetic rats with GMPE 100 (DG100); 200 (DG200); and 400 mg/kgBW (DG400). STZ-NA was administered after 8 weeks of HFD treatment and followed by GMPE for 8 weeks after T2DM was confirmed. The level of hs-CRP and testosterone were measured in the serum using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Testicular histopathological examination was measured after 8 weeks of treatment by using Modified Jonhson Score (MJS) with HE staining. Results: ODC rats significantly showed increased hs-CRP level compared to NC (8.76±0.27 vs 0.30±0.07 ng/mL, p<0.001) and reduced testosterone level and MJS compared to NC (73.69±2.22 vs 170.14±1.34 ng/dL, 4.57±0.93 vs 9.87±0.16 MJS, respectively, P<0.001). Testosterone and hs-CRP levels showed a negative and significant correlation (r=-0.974 and p<0.001). On the treatment group, GMPE significantly reduced hs-CRP and increased testosterone levels in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion: GMPE effectively protects reproductive function in obese DM rats by increasing testosterone levels and advanced spermatogenesis, as well as decreasing hs-CRP level
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of E-Cigarette Users in Indonesia Masan, Gracekeren Evalasdhy; Raksanagara, Ardini S.; Rinawam, Fedri Ruluwedrata
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v10n3.2731

Abstract

Background: Cigarettes, both traditional and electronic, are widely used. In 2018, 9.1% of Indonesians smoked, up from 8.8% in 2016. In several countries, including Indonesia, e-cigarette use has increased. As a result, regulations to minimize the use of e-cigarettes must be implemented. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of e-cigarette users in the Indonesian vaper community.Methods: This study was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional method conducted from September to December 2021. Questionnaires were distributed through social media to 42 randomly selected vaper communities. The minimum sample size was 247 respondents. The analysis used was univariate. Results: Of the 247 respondents, most were aged 17–24 years (78%), mostly male (62.7%), 61.5% were high school graduates or equivalent, and 65.2% had a monthly income of less than 3 million rupiah. A total of 53.1% of respondents had good knowledge scores, and 52.6% had a positive attitude toward e-cigarettes. More than half of the respondents were long-time e-cigarette users (57.9%) and dual users (55.9%). E-cigarettes were used irregularly/occasionally (63.6%). The average number of puffs/days was 50–99 puffs/day. As many as 58.7% of respondents wanted to quit smoking.Conclusions: Slightly more than half of the respondents has good knowledge about e-cigarettes, with a positive attitude towards the use of e-cigarettes. Campaign that e-cigarettes are not a substitute for regular cigarettes and awareness regarding the potential dangers of e-cigarettes need to be increased. Government regulations regarding the control of e-cigarettes need to be considered because underage children are already using them. 
Correlation of Intestinal Protozoa Infection with the Nutritional Status of Toddlers Aged 12–59 Months in Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia Ardyansyah, Rizky Robeth; Armiyanti, Yunita; Astuti, Ida Srisurani Wiji; Hermansyah, Bagus; Utami, Wiwien Sugih; Sulistyaningsih, Erma
Althea Medical Journal Vol 11, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v11n2.3191

Abstract

Background: Intestinal protozoan infection is a problem faced by the global community at all ages. In toddlers, it can cause problems in the form of decreased nutritional status, which is often found in developing countries such as Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between intestinal protozoa infection and the nutritional status of toddlers.Methods: An observational study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted in October–December 2022 on 45 children aged 12–59 months in Sucopangepok Village, Jelbuk District, Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia using, consecutive sampling techniques and a total sample size. Nutritional Status was measured based on body weight to body length using the WHO Anthropometric Calculator. Stool examination used the direct smear method and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Data was analyzed using the Cramer's V test. The p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.. Results: The incidence of wasted children was 15.6% and severely wasted was 2.2%. Intestinal protozoan infection had an incidence of 15.6%. The species detected were Giardia lamblia (6.7%), Cryptosporidium parvum (6.7%), and Blastocystis hominis (2.2%). Statistical analysis showed there was no correlation between intestinal protozoan infection and nutritional status (p= 0.441; r = 0.191).Conclusions: There is no correlation between intestinal protozoan infection and the nutritional status of toddlers. However, comprehensive collaboration between the government and the community needs to be improved, as well as healthy lifestyles for toddlers which also need to be encouraged to overcome nutritional problems in children under five  old and prevent intestinal protozoa infections.
Experiences of patients with Breast Cancer in Selecting Conventional and Complementary Therapies in Remote Areas: A Qualitative Study Senudin, Putriatri Krimasusini; Padeng, Eufrasia Prinata; Laput, Dionesia Octaviany; Raden, Natalia Damayanti Putri; Trisnawati, Reineldis E.; Nanur, Fransiska Nova
Althea Medical Journal Vol 11, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v11n1.3028

Abstract

Background: The selection of therapy is a challenging issue to overcome. The selected therapy must be based on the condition of breast cancer patients and has advantages such as increasing life expectancy, being able to overcome the symptoms and complaints of breast cancer patients and improving the quality of life. This study aimed to explore the experiences of people with breast cancer regarding the reasons for choosing therapy, namely complementary and conventional therapies.Methods: This study was qualitative research with a descriptive phenomenological study approach. Participants obtained using purposive sampling techniques were included until the data was saturated. Research data was collected through in-depth interviews conducted in a semi-structured manner. The thematic analysis used in this study consisted of several stages using the Colaizzi method.Results: This study illustrated that complementary and conventional therapies were beneficial to cancer treatment. The three themes from the analysis results included the benefits of complementary and conventional therapies, access to therapy and treatment costs. The choice of therapy depended on available access and costs for breast cancer treatment.Conclusion: People with breast cancer in remote areas choose complementary therapies, such as herbal medicine, meditation, reflexology, and acupuncture as the first choice and conventional therapies, such as surgery and chemotherapy as alternative therapies. This is because the choice of therapy also depends on the ease of access to treatment and the availability of costs for breast cancer patients.
Front Cover, Editorial Team, Table of Contents, and Back Cover back cover, front
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Cellular Inflammatory Markers and Castelli Risk Indices in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Rahamon, Sheu Kadiri; Oladeji, David Olaniyi; Yaqub, Surajudeen Adebayo; Akinlade, Kehinde Sola
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v10n4.3069

Abstract

Background: The clinical importance of early identification of potential predictors of cardiovascular events in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) cannot be overemphasized. This study aimed to determine the plasma levels of Castelli risk indices (CRI) and selected cellular inflammatory markers in women with GDM.Methods: A total of 40 pregnant women, consisting of 11 women with GDM and 29 women without GDM, were randomly enrolled into this case-control study using the convenient sampling method. Venous blood samples were taken. The plasma lipid profiles were determined using the spectrophotometric methods. White blood cell differential was counted using a microscope. Plasma levels of CRI-I, CRI-II, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and monocyte lymphocyte ratio (MLR) were calculated using the appropriate formula. Student’s t-test, Mann Whitney U, Chi-square, and Spearman’s rho correlations were used for statistical analysis. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The CRI-I [6.58(6.06–7.60) vs 3.42(2.83–3.89)], CRI-II [4.59(4.17–5.28 vs 1.82(1.36–2.16)) and NLR (3.72±0.52 vs 2.63±0.61) were significantly higher in women with GDM. Likewise, the mean age (34.18±3.49), gestational weight (92.82±11.23), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (98.45±6.24), total cholesterol (TC) (310.92(290.81–360.78)), triglyceride (TG) (232.86(221.28–256.00), LDL-C (214.85(206.24–239.80), and neutrophil count (76.36±2.58) were significantly higher in women with GDM (p<0.05). In contrast, HDL-C (45.56(44.90–51.34), lymphocytes (20.82±2.14), and monocytes counts (2.73±1.10) were significantly lower in women with GDM. However, there was no difference in the MLR between the two groups.Conclusion: The CRI-I, CRI-II, and NLR are significantly elevated in women with GDM. Dyslipidemia and systemic inflammation are associated with GDM, which are forerunners of cardiovascular diseases.
Anxiety Levels of Medical Students in Online Learning During COVID-19 Pandemic Amadeus, Joachim Kenneth; Veronica, Fifi; Oktavia, Nandina; Wahyudi, Kurnia; Lydiana, Lynna
Althea Medical Journal Vol 11, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v11n2.3187

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the education sector and caused major changes. This situation provides challenges for students, resulting in increased anxiety, especially for medical students who tend to have higher level of anxiety. This study aimed to determine the proportion of anxiety levels among undergraduate medical students in online learning during the COVID pandemic.Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in September–November 2022, involving 156 undergraduate medical students at Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia batch 2019–2021 who had no history of somatic or psychiatric disease. The stratified simple random sampling method was used. Anxiety levels was assessed using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) questionnaire. Data was analyzed using Pearson’s Correlation.Results:  Participants were dominated by females (71.1%), average age 19.9 years with a grade point average (GPA) of 3.51-4.00 (88.5%). The anxiety level of most participants was mild (67.9%) and 19.2% were at the severe level. Interestingly, severe levels of anxiety seemed to occur more commonly in females, group batch 2020, GPA 2.51-3.00, living alone and in a place other than in the family home or rented house. Furthermore, respiratory manifestations tended to be the mildest, whereas intellectual manifestations were more often severely impacted.Conclusions: The anxiety level of undergraduate medical students in Universitas Padjadjaran is mostly mild. Female more often experience anxiety at a more severe level. Further research is needed to identify and analyze more comprehensively other possible anxiety factors in medical students.

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