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Jurnal Hortikultura
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 08537097     EISSN : 25025120     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Hortikultura (J.Hort) memuat artikel primer yang bersumber dari hasil penelitian hortikultura, yaitu tanaman sayuran, tanaman hias, tanaman buah tropika maupun subtropika. Jurnal Hortikultura diterbitkan oleh Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hortikultura, Badan Litbang Pertanian, Kementerian Pertanian. Jurnal Hortikultura terbit pertama kali pada bulan Juni tahun 1991, dengan empat kali terbitan dalam setahun, yaitu setiap bulan Maret, Juni, September, dan Desember.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,166 Documents
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Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Tomat Kultivar Intan dan Mutiara pada Berbagai Jenis Tanah Holil Sutapradja
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 18, No 2 (2008): Juni 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v18n2.2008.p%p

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Salah satu usaha peningkatan produksi tomat adalah dengan mencari kultivar unggul yang cocok pada berbagai lokasi dengan jenis tanah yang berbeda. Percobaan ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Wera, Subang dari bulan September sampai dengan Desember 2005, pada ketinggian 100 m dpl. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan pola faktorial, terdiri dari 2 faktor (kultivar Intan dan Mutiara) dan 4 jenis tanah (Andosol Lembang, Latosol Jalancagak, Latosol Subang, dan Aluvial Sukamandi) di mana setiap perlakuan diulang 4 kali. Tujuan percobaan adalah, mengetahui pertumbuhan kultivar Intan dan Mutiara yang cocok dan berproduksi baik pada jenis tanah tertentu. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan adanya interaksi antara kultivar dan jenis tanah terhadap bobot buah. Kultivar tomat berpengaruh nyata terhadap perbedaan tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang, diameter batang, jumlah bunga, dan buah. Kultivar Mutiara memperlihatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif dan hasil yang lebih baik. Hasil tertinggi tomat Mutiara pada jenis tanah Andosol Lembang yaitu sekitar 1,8 kg/tanaman.ABSTRACT. Sutapradja, H. 2008. The Growth and Yield of Intan and Mutiara Tomato Cultivar on Several Type of Soil. One of the effort to increase tomato production is the use of superior cultivar which is adaptive to various locations with different types of soil. The experiment was conducted at Wera, Subang Experimental Garden from September until December 2005, with the elevation 100 m asl. The experiment used a factorial completely randomized design, consisting of 2 factors, i.e. the cultivars (Intan and Mutiara) and soil types (Andosol Lembang, Latosol Jalancagak, Latosol Subang, and Aluvial Sukamandi), with 4 replications. The experiment was conducted to determine the tomato cultivars which gave highest yield for the certain soil type. The results showed that there was interaction between cultivar and soil type on fruit weight per plant. While cultivar was significantly affect plant height, branch number, stem diameter, cluster number, flower number, fruit weight, and fruit number per plant. Mutiara cultivar gave better growth and yield compare to Intan cultivar. The highest yield of Mutiara cultivar (1,8 kg/plant) was achieved by Lembang Andosol soil type.
Adopsi Inovasi Teknologi Pengelolaan Terpadu Kebun Jeruk Sehat (PTKJS) di Kabupaten Ponorogo, Jawa Timur Hilmi Kahmir Ridwan; - Sabari; Rofik Sinung Basuki; Rahmat Sutarya; Agus Ruswandi
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 20, No 1 (2010): Maret 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v20n1.2010.p%p

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Produktivitas dan mutu buah jeruk di Indonesia saat ini masih rendah dan perlu ditingkatkan. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hortikultura telah melaksanakan program penelitian dan pengkajian penerapan pengelolaan terpadu kebun jeruk sehat (PTKJS) di beberapa provinsi sentra produksi jeruk. Pengelolaan terpadu kebun jeruk sehat meliputi (a) penggunaan bibit berlabel bebas penyakit, (b) pengendalian OPT terutama vektor penyakit CVPD, (c) sanitasi kebun yang baik, (d) pemeliharaan tanaman secara optimal, dan (e) konsolidasi pengelolaan kebun. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk  mengetahui adopsi inovasi teknologi PTKJS oleh petani. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Ponorogo, Jawa Timur, dari bulan April sampai dengan Desember 2006,  menggunakan metode survai. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa inovasi teknologi PTKJS dari komponen teknologi, seperti penggunaan bibit unggul berlabel bebas penyakit, konsolidasi pengelolaan kebun, dan subkomponen teknologi, seperti penggunaan perangkap kuning, penyiraman tanah dengan insektisida, penggunaan sex feromon, pemberongsongan, penyulaman dengan bibit berlabel, pemangkasan, penyiraman tanaman, dan pemanenan secara benar, tidak diadopsi oleh sebagian besar petani jeruk di Kabupaten Ponorogo.   ABSTRACT. Ridwan, H.K, Sabari, Rofik, S.B., Rahman, S., and Agus, R. 2010. Adoption of Integrated Crop Management for Healthy Citrus Orchard in Ponorogo, East Java. Productivity and quality of citrus fruit in Indonesia were still low and need to be increased. The Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development had conducted research and assessment program of Integrated  Crop Management for Healthy Citrus Orchad (ICMHCO) in several provinces. The technology package of ICMHCO consisted of (a) the used of labeled and free deseases planting materials, (b) pest and deseases control especially for the CVPD vector, (c) good field sanitation, (d) optimum cultural practices, and (e) field management consolidation. The objective of this research was to access the adoption of technology package of ICMHCO by the farmers. The research was conducted at Ponorogo District, East Java, from April to Desember 2006, using survey method. The results showed that only a part of technology package of ICMHCO had been adopted by the citrus farmers in Ponorogo District. There were some technological components that had not been adopted yet by farmers, such as labeled free deseases planting materials, consolidation of orchard management, yellow trap application, drenching of insecticide solution, sex pheromone application, fruit wrapping, replanting with labelled seeds, pruning, irrigation, and good harvesting practices.
Daya Hasil Tomat Hibrida (F1) di Dataran Medium Ety Purwti
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 19, No 2 (2009): Juni 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v19n2.2009.p%p

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli sampai November 2006, di dataran medium Banyuresmi,Kabupaten Garut pada jenis tanah Latosol dengan ketinggian 550 m dpl. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengevaluasi 16genotip tomat hibrida (F1). Materi terdiri atas 16 genotip hibrida, 11 genotip di antaranya berasal dari Balai PenelitianTanaman Sayuran. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan acak kelompok dengan 2 ulangan dan 20 tanaman/plot. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa genotip IVEGRI 06-05 mencapai hasil tertinggi (56,6 t/ha) tetapi tidak berbeda nyatajika dibandingkan dengan varietas Marta (49,25 t/ha) sebagai kontrol, yang merupakan varietas tomat terbanyakditanam oleh petani di daerah Garut. Produksi terendah dicapai oleh genotip IVEGRI 06-01 (40,10 t/ha) dan Blts05-08 (40,0 t/ha) berbeda nyata jika dibandingkan dengan genotip IVEGRI 06-02, 06-03, 06-05, varietas Idola, danSpirit. Kekerasan buah berkisar dari sangat keras (nilai 3,3) sampai agak lunak (nilai 4,5), meskipun demikian buahyang paling keras (nilai 3,3) ialah genotip IVEGRI 06-01 dan varietas Marta. Demikian juga daya tahan simpanbuah kedua genotip ini adalah yang paling lama (24 hari).ABSTRACT. Purwati, E. 2009. Yield Potential of Tomato F1 Hybrid in Medium Land. Sixteen hybrids of tomatogenotypes (F1) were tested, and 11 out of them were hybrid genotypes from Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute(IVEGRI). The research was conducted in Banyuresmi, Garut District, West Java, at Latosol soil type with an altitudeof 550 m asl., from July to November 2006. Randomized complete block design with 2 replications and 20 plants perplot were used for field evaluation. The results indicated that IVEGRI 06-05 genotype gave the highest yield (56.60t/ha) but it was not significantly different to Marta variety (49.25 t/ha) as control. The lowest yields were shown byboth IVEGRI 06-01 (40.10 t/ha) and Blts 05-08 (40.0 t/ha), which were significantly different with IVEGRI 06-02,06-03, 06-05, Idola, and Spirit. In general fruit firmness ranges from hard to soft (value 3.3 – 4.5). However IVEGRI06-01 genotype and Marta’s variety indicated the highest hardness (value 3.3) and the longest selflife (24 days).
Regenerasi Tanaman Sedap Malam Melalui Organogenesis dan Embriogenesis Somatik Ika Rostika; Ika Mariska; R Purnamaningsih
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 4 (2005): Desember 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v15n4.2005.p%p

Abstract

Secara konvensional perbanyakan tanaman sedap malam dilakukan melalui umbi. Semakin kecil ukuran umbi semakin lama tanaman berbunga. Penerapan teknik kultur in vitro diharapkan dapat membantu perbanyakan tanaman secara masal. Hingga saat ini, teknik kultur in vitro tanaman sedap malam belum pernah dilaporkan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh formulasi media yang efektif menginduksi organogenesis dan embriogenesis kultur in vitro tanaman sedap malam serta memacu regenerasinya. Percobaan dibagi menjadi 4 tahap, yaitu (1) induksi tunas, (2) multiplikasi tunas, (3) induksi kalus embriogenik, dan (4) regenerasi kalus embriogenik. Media induksi tunas yang diuji adalah MS+BA 0 ppm, MS+BA 3 ppm, MS+BA 5 ppm, dan MS+BA 7 ppm. Pemacuan multiplikasi tunas lanjut dilakukan pada media subkultur MS+BA 7 ppm+glutamin 100 ppm, MS+BA 7 ppm, DKW+TDZ 7 ppm, dan DKW+TDZ 7 ppm+glutamin 100 ppm. Untuk induksi kalus embriogenik, media induksi kalus yang diujikan adalah MS+2,4-D 2,5 ppm, MS +2,4-D 5 ppm, dan MS+2,4-D 10 ppm. Untuk meregenerasikan kalus embriogenik, media yang diujikan MS+BA 2 ppm+TDZ 0,2 ppm, MS+BA 3 ppm+TDZ 0,4 ppm, MS+zeatin 1ppm+kinetin 1ppm, dan MS+zeatin 0,5 ppm+kinetin 2 ppm. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pembentukan tunas terbanyak diperoleh dari media BA 3 ppm (80%) namun inisiasi tunas tercepat dihasilkan pada media BA 0 ppm. Formula media MS+BA 7 ppm+glutamin 100 ppm menghasilkan jumlah tunas dan akar terbanyak. Penggunaan MS+2,4-D 5 ppm dapat menginduksi kalus embriogenik dengan persentase pembentukan nodul sebesar 18,75% dan jumlah nodul yang terbentuk sebanyak 3,6 dengan visual kalus yang paling baik. Setelah disubkultur, calon tunas terbanyak (17) dihasilkan dari perlakuan MS+BA 2 ppm+TDZ 0,4 ppm. Kalus embriogenik pada media MS+zeatin 0,5 ppm+kinetin 2 ppm dapat berkembang membentuk benih somatik.Regeneration of tuberose through organogenesis and embryogenesis. Tuberose is normally propagated by the tuber. The smaller size of tuber the longer time plant to flower. The application of in vitro culture technique might be used for mass propagation. Up to know, the research of in vitro culture of tuberose in Indonesia has not been reported. The objective of the study was to find out media formulation for organogenesis and embryogenesis. The experiments consisted of 4 steps of (1) shoot induction, (2) shoot multiplication, (3) induction of embryogenic callus, and (4) regeneration of embryogenic callus. The treatments for shoot induction were MS+BA 0 ppm, MS+BA 3 ppm, MS+BA 5 ppm, and MS+BA 7 ppm. The shoots were multiplied on media MS+BA 7ppm+glutamine 100ppm, MS+BA 7 ppm, DKW+TDZ 7 ppm, and DKW+TDZ 7 ppm+glutamin 100 ppm. For induction of embryogenic callus, the treatments were MS+2.4-D 2.5 ppm, MS+2,4-D 5 ppm, and MS+2.4-D 10 ppm. For regeneration of embryogenic callus, the treatments were MS+BA 2 ppm+TDZ 0.2 ppm, MS+BA 3 ppm +TDZ 0.4 ppm, MS+zeatin 1ppm+kinetin 1ppm, and MS+zeatin 0.5 ppm+kinetin 2 ppm. The results showed that the highest shoot formation was obtained from media MS+BA 3 ppm but the earliest shoot initiation was obtained from media MS+BA 0 ppm. The media formulation of MS+BA 7 ppm+glutamine 100 ppm gave the highest number of shoot and root. The application of media MS+2.4-D 5 ppm could induce embryogenic callus with high percentage of nodul formation (18.75%) and high number of nodul (3.6) with the best visual calli. After subculturing, the highest number of nodul (17) was obtained from media MS+BA 2 ppm+TDZ 0.4 ppm. The embryogenic callus from media MS+zeatin 0.5 ppm+kinetin 2 ppm could develop to form somatic seed.
Deteksi Penyakit Virus Pada Bawang Merah Asal Kabupaten Brebes dan Cirebon dan Daerah Pencarnya Menggunakan Teknik RT-PCR (Detection of Viral Diseases on Shallot from Brebes and Cirebon Districts and their Spread Using the RT-PCR Techniques) Neni Gunaeni; Asih K Karyadi; Witono Adiyoga
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 28, No 2 (2018): Desember 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v28n2.2018.p229-238

Abstract

Bawang merah (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum) merupakan salah satu komoditas penting sayuran. Salah satu masalah yang dihadapi dalam budidaya bawang merah adalah adanya penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus yang dapat menurunkan kualitas dan kuantitas hasil. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui kelompok virus yang menginfeksi bawang merah dan daerah pencarnya di Kabupaten Brebes dan Cirebon. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel tanaman pada bulan September 2013 (musim kemarau) dan April 2014 (musim hujan). Identifikasi virus dilakukan di Laboratorium Virologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran menggunakan teknik RT-PCR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) tingginya insiden gejala virus bergantung pada pola tanam, penggunaan varietas, umur tanaman, dan kondisi lingkungan di sekitar tanaman, (2) umumnya petani di Kabupaten Brebes dan Cirebon menanam bawang merah varietas Bima Curut, (3) daerah pencar kelompok Potyvirus, Allexivirus, dan Carlavirus cukup luas di Kabupaten Brebes dan Cirebon, (4) terdeteksi dari kelompok sampel Kabupaten Brebes Potyvirus 92,30%, Allexivirus 92,50%, dan Carlavirus 99%, dan (5) terdeteksi dari kelompok sampel asal Kabupaten Cirebon Potyvirus 96,43%, Allexivirus 96,15%, dan Carlavirus 93%. Implikasi dari infeksi ketiga kelompok virus tersebut pada tanaman bawang merah dapat menurunkan produksi 21,57–54,90%.KeywordsAllium cepa var. ascalonicum; Deteksi; Potyvirus; Allexivirus; CarlavirusAbstractShallot (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum) is one of the important vegetable commodity. The problems encountered in the cultivation of shallot is the disease caused by a virus which can reduce the quality and yield quantity. This study aimed to determine the group of viruses that infect shallot and geographycal distribution in Brebes and Cirebon Districts. The activities carried out by plant sampling in September 2013 (dry season) and April 2014 (rainy season). Identification of virus carried in the Virology Laboratory of Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute to perform testing using RT-PCR. The results showed that: (1) the high incidence of viral symptoms depend on cropping patterns, use of improved varieties, plant age, environmental conditions around the plant, (2) generally famers in Brebes and Cirebon Districts planted Bima Curut varieties, (3) geographycal distribution Potyvirus group, Allexivirus, and Carlavirus quite extensive in Brebes and Cirebon regions, (4) detected viruses from samples of Brebes District : Potyvirus group 92.30%, Allexivirus 92.50%, and Carlavirus 99%, and (5) detected viruses from samples of Cirebon District : Potyvirus group 96.43%, Allexivirus 96.15%, and Carlavirus 93%. The implications of the infection of the above three groups of viruses on the plant can decrease the production of shallots 21.57–51.90%.
Pertumbuhan serta Hasil Umbi Bawang Bombai yang ditanam pada Waktu Berbeda-beda di Dataran Tinggi Etty Sumiati
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 12, No 4 (2002): Desember 2002
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v12n4.2002.p%p

Abstract

Bawang bombai (Allium cepa L.) merupakan sayuran eksotik, di mana umbi untuk konsumsi dan biji untuk benihmasih diimpor. Saat ini terdapat ratusan kultivar hari pendek asal polinasi terbuka dan hibrida, yang dapat tumbuh danberadaptasi di daerah tropika. Usaha pengembangan bawang bombai di In do ne sia perlu segera dimulai, denganmenyeleksi kultivar yang dapat beradaptasi dan waktu tanam yang sesuai. Penelitian dilakukan di dataran tinggiLembang (1.250 m dpl). Digunakan rancangan Split Plot in Time dengan tiga ulangan. Petak utama adalah waktutanam, yaitu tanam bulan Agustus dan Oktober. Anak petak adalah kultivar bawang bombai yang terdiri atas 14kultivar hari pendek asal polinasi terbuka introduksi. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa tidak terjadi interaksiantara waktu tanam dan kultivar terhadap variabel pertumbuhan tanaman dan hasil umbi bawang bombai. Interaksiterjadi terhadap variabel indeks panen dan waktu inisiasi umbi. Empat belas kultivar introduksi dapat beradaptasi dantumbuh baik di dataran tinggi Lembang, Jawa Barat. Bobot umbi to tal yang tertinggi dihasilkan oleh kultivar GladalanBrown asal Aus tra lia. Waktu tanam bawang bombai introduksi pada bulan Agustus lebih baik dari bulan Oktober.Kata kunci : Allium cepa; Seleksi kultivar; Waktu tanam; Hasil umbiAB STRACT. Sumiati, E. 2002. Growth and yield of on ion planted in dif fer ent time in high land. On ion (Alliumcepa L.) is an ex otic veg e ta ble. Both the bulb and the seed are still im ported. There are hun dreds of short-day on ioncultivars from open pol li nated and hy brid which can grow and do nice ad ap ta tion in trop i cal re gions. At tempt to de -velop and pro mote on ion in In do ne sia must be started, by do ing a cultivar se lec tion on in tro duced on ion cultivarswhich suit able un der high land en vi ron men tal con di tions at proper plant ing time. Re search ac tiv ity has been con -ducted in high land Lembang (1,250 m asl). A Split Plot in Time was set up in the field, with three rep li ca tions. Mainplot was plant ing time con sisted plant ing in Au gust and plant ing in Oc to ber. Sub plot was cultivar, com prised of four -teen in tro duced short-day open polinated on ion cultivars. Re search re sults re vealed that there were no in ter ac tion ef -fects be tween plant ing time and cultivars on vari ables of growth and yield of on ion mea sured. In ter ac tion have beenhap pened on vari ables of har vest in dex and on the time of bulbing on set. All the four teen in tro duced cultivars havegood adptation and grow nicely un der high land Lembang, West Java. The high est to tal of bulb yield was gained fromcultivar Gladalan Brown orig i nated from Aus tra lia. The plant ing time set up in Au gust was better than that of in Oc to -ber.
Kekerabatan Genetik Beberapa Spesies Jeruk Berdasarkan Taksonometri - Hardiyanto; E Mujiarto; E S Sulasmi
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 17, No 3 (2007): September 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v17n3.2007.p%p

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Metode karakterisasi yang dilakukan pada koleksi jeruk di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika, Tlekung sampai saat ini masih terbatas pada pengamatan morfologi. D� � � � � Dengan demikian, data yang diperoleh belum cukup untuk menggambarkan kekerabatan spesies jeruk, sebab deskripsinya belum menggambarkan karakter sebenarnya dari berbagai spesies jeruk yang dikoleksi. Tujuan penelitian adalah memperoleh informasi mengenai karakter morfologi varietas-varietas lokal jeruk dari beberapa spesies dan menentukan kedudukan takson/kategori secara hierarki untuk varietas jeruk lokal. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Biologi, Jurusan Biologi, Universitas Negeri Malang dan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika, Tlekung-Batu. Jeruk yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah 3 spesies jeruk komersial masing-masing 3 varietas, yaitu Citrus reticulata Blanco (Cinakonde, Batu, dan Pulung), C. maxima Merr. (Nambangan, Sambas, dan Sri Nyonya), dan C. sinensis Osbeck. (Pacitan, Kupang, dan Punten). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan secara morfologi maupun anatomi diantara spesies jeruk dan varietas jeruk lokal. Tingkat kekerabatan genetik pada 3 spesies jeruk juga sangat rendah. Adapun nilai kekerabatan untuk variets jeruk lokal pada C. maxima merr, C. reticulata Blanco, dan C. sinensis Osbeck masing-masing adalah 68%, 54%, dan 47%. Namun demikian, varietas lokal Nambangan (C. maxima Merr) dan Cinakonde (C. reticulata Blanco) ternyata terpisah dari kelompoknya pada analisis klaster dan menunjukkan ciri-ciri yang berbeda. V� � � � � � � � � � � � Varietas jeruk lokal yang diteliti tidak semua dapat dikategorikan sebagai varietas. Secara hierarki Nambangan dan Cinakonde dapat dikategorikan sebagai varietas, sedangkan varietas jeruk lokal yang lain dikategorikan sebagai subspesies sebab tidak adanya karakter yang membedakan dari kelompoknya secara jelas.ABSTRACT. Hardiyanto, E. Mujiarto, and E.S. Sulasmi. 2007. Genetic Relationship Among Several Citrus Species Based on Taxonometry. Characterization method applied on citrus collection in Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Institute, up to now was only based on morphological observation. Therefore, the obtained data have not really described the citrus relationship because the descriptions have not yet expressed the real characters of collected citrus species. The aim of this research was to obtain some information on morphological characteristics and a hierarchy taxon status of local varieties derived from several species. The research was carried out at Biology laboratorium, Malang University and Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Institute. Three citrus species with 3 varieties, respectively, were used in this research, those were Citrus reticulata Blanco (Cinakonde, Batu, and Pulung), C. maxima Merr. (Nambangan, Sambas, and Sri Nyonya), and C. sinensis Osbeck (Pacitan, Kupang, and Punten). The results indicated that there were morphological and anatomical different among citrus species as well as local citrus varieties. The level of genetic relationship among three citrus species was aslso very low. Moreover, the level of genetic relationship of local citrus varieties of C. maxima Merr, C. reticulata Blanco, and C. sinensis Osbeck was 68, 54, and 47%, repectively. Nevertheless, Nambangan (C. maxima Merr) and Cinakonde (C. reticulata Blanco) were separated from its group based on cluster analysis and showed different characters. It seems that not all citrus varieties studied were categorized as varieties. It was only Nambangan and Cinakonde were categorized as varieties, while other citrus varieties were categorized as subspecies because there was no different character identified within their groups.
Bioefikasi Nematoda Entomopatogen Steinernema spp. Isolat Lembang terhadap Larva Crocidolomia pavonana (F) Pada Tanaman Kubis di Rumahkaca Tinny SUhantini Uhan
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 2 (2005): Juni 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v15n2.2005.p%p

Abstract

Percobaan dilakukan di Rumahkaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang, dari bulan September sampai dengan Desember 2001. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepadatan populasi nematoda entomopatogen yang efektif terhadap larva C. pavonana pada tanaman kubis di rumahkaca serta menekan tingkat kerusakan tanaman kubis. Percobaan dilakukan dengan rancangan acak kelompok dengan enam perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Kepadatan populasi nematoda yang diuji efikasinya terhadap larva C. pavonana adalah 800, 400, 200, 100 JI/ml serta sipermetrin 0,5 ml/l dan kontrol tanpa insektisida. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa Steinernema spp. pada tingkat kepadatan populasi Steinernema spp. 400 JI/ml dan 800 JI/ml efektif terhadap larva Crocidolomia pavonana dengan mortalitas larva masing-masing sebesar 69,2 dan 82,2%. Tingkat kerusakan tanaman kubis karena serangan C. pavonana pada kepadatan populasi Steinernema spp. 400 JI/ml dan 800 JI/ml masing–masing sebesar 24,0 dan 20,0% pada 96 jam setelah infestasi, di mana kerusakan ini setara dengan insektisida sipermetrin 50 EC dosis 0,5 ml/l.Bioefficacy of entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema spp. of Lembang strains against Crocidolomia pavonana larvae on cabbage in the greenhouse. A greenhouse experiment was conducted at the Research Institute of Vegetables at Lembang from September to December 2001. The aim of this study was to investigate the population level of juvenil infective (JI) of Steinernema spp. which is effective against C. pavonana larvae. A randomized complete block design was used in this study with six treatments and four replicates. The treatments tested were four levels of JI population, namely 800, 400, 200, and 100 JI/ml repectively, compared with cypermethrin (0.5 ml/l), and untreated control. Percentage of mortality of C. pavonana larvae was assessed at 24, 36, 48, 72, and 96 hours after JI infestitation. The results showed that the population density of Steinernema spp. at 400 and 800 JI/ml were effective against C. pavonana larvae with the percentage mortality of 69.2 and 82.2%, respectively. The plant damage due to C. pavonana at population densities of Steinernema spp. 400 JI/ml and 800 JI/ml were 24.0% and 20.0% repectively, at 96 hours after infestation. This figures were about the same level of plant damage when treated with cypermethrin at 0.5 ml/l.
Pengaruh Waktu Tanam dan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Mepiquat Klorida terhadap Pembungaan dan Pembijian Bawang Merah (TSS) Rini Rosliani; - Suwandi; Nani Sumarni
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 3 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v15n3.2005.p%p

Abstract

Percobaan dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran di Lembang. Budidaya bawang merah dapat dilakukan melalui penggunaan umbi bibit atau true shallot seed (TSS). Keuntungan TSS adalah lebih mudah, murah, volume lebih sedikit, dan bebas virus. Banyak cara untuk meningkatkan pembungaan dan pembijian bawang merah, antara lain melalui waktu tanam yang tepat atau aplikasi ZPT. Tujuan percobaan adalah untuk mendapatkan waktu tanam yang tepat serta untuk mempelajari pengaruh ZPT terhadap pembungaan dan pembijian bawang merah. Perlakuan terdiri atas petak utama yaitu waktu tanam bulan Juli, Agustus, September, dan Oktober dan anak petak yaitu perlakuan pembungaan: kontrol, mepiquat khlorida, dan mepiquat klorida + polinator buatan dengan tangan. Rancangan percobaan adalah petak terpisah dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat interaksi antara perlakuan waktu tanam dengan perlakuan pembungaan terhadap pertumbuhan, pembungaan, dan pembijian bawang merah di dataran tinggi Lembang. Waktu tanam berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan, pembungaan, dan pembijian bawang merah di dataran tinggi Lembang, sedangkan ZPT mepiquat klorida dan polinator buatan tidak berpengaruh nyata. Penanaman bulan September menghasilkan berat biji per petak tertinggi dengan hasil sebesar 27,5 g per petak luas 9 m2 atau setara dengan 22,92 kg/ha dengan efisiensi lahan 75%. Pemilihan waktu tanam yang tepat dapat digunakan untuk memproduksi biji TSS yang tinggi.Effect of planting time and plant growth regulator mepiquat chloride on flowering and seed-set of shallot. Cultivation of shallot could be conducted by using bulb or true shallot seed (TSS). The benefecial of TSS were easier, cheaper, small volume, and free-virus. Many methods for increasing flowering and seed-set were by appropriate planting time and application of plant growth regulator. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Field of IVEGRI Lembang. The objectives of the experiment were to determine appropriate planting time and the effect of plant growth regulator (PGR) mepiquat chloride on flowering and seed-set of shallot. The treatments were arranged in a split plot design with three replications. Four planting time of July, August, September, and October were assigned to main plots, and pgr treatments of control, pgrpgrpgr mepiquat chloride, and PGR mepiquat chloride + artificial hands pollinator were assigned to subplots. The results showed that there was no interaction between planting time and pgr treatments on flowering and seed-set of shallot grown in Lembang. Planting time influenced significantly the growth, flowering, and seed-set of shallot, meanwhille pgr mepiquat chloride and artificial pollinator by hands had no significant effect. Planting time on September produced the highest seed weight per plot of 27.5 g per 9 m2 or equivalent to 22.92 kg/ha at land efficiency of 75%. The appropriate planting time could be applied to produce the high seed-set of shallot.
Tingkat Kematangan Panen Buah Nenas Sampit untuk Konsumsi Segar dan Selai Sabari Sosro Diharjo; - Suyanti; - Sunarmani
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 16, No 3 (2006): September 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v16n3.2006.p%p

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Nenas Sampit dari Kalimantan Tengah merupakan nenas bermutu terbaik dan dikenal luas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan mendapatkan tingkat kematangan optimum nenas Sampit untuk konsumsi segar dan pembuatan selai nenas. Nenas Sampit dipanen pada 6 tingkat kematangan, yaitu tua, breaker, breaker 25% matang, >25-50% matang, >50-75% matang, dan >75% matang. Nenas dipanen dari sentra produksi nenas di Sampit dan diangkut dengan mobil ke Palangkaraya serta dilanjutkan dengan pesawat terbang ke Jakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nenas Sampit untuk konsumsi segar dapat dipanen pada >breaker-25% matang dengan daging buah 69,92% dan nisbah PTT/asam 18,9. Buah segar tahan disimpan selama 4 hari pada kondisi kamar dan 6 hari pada suhu 150C. Sebagai dasar selai, nenas dapat dipetik pada >breaker-25% matang dan diproses menjadi selai dengan penambahan 65% gula dan 2% asam sitrat. Dengan formula di atas, rendemen selai mencapai 67,30% dengan kualitas baik yang ditunjukkan dengan skor warna dan rasa masing-masing 3,37 dan 3,95. Untuk keperluan industri, menyimpan hancuran daging buah nenas lebih menguntungkan karena tahan simpan selama 30 hari pada suhu 150C. Untuk menjaga mutu dan percepatan proses pemasakan dan meningkatkan rendemen, pencampuran gula dilakukan pada saat 20% air telah diuapkan dan penggunaan 0,5% pektin dalam adonan.ABSTRACT. Sabari, S.D., Suyanti, and Sunarmani. 2006. Maturity of Sampit pineapple for table fruit and jam. Sampit pineapple was a welknown pineapple cultivar produced in Central Kalimantan Province due to its best quality. A study was conducted to determine the proper maturity of pineapple for table fruit as well as for jam. Sampit pineapple cultivar was picked at 6 maturities based on the yellow color development as sign of the ripeness, i.e. breaker, >breaker-25% ripen, >25-50% ripen, >50-75% ripen, and >75% ripen. Harvested pineapple was transported by car from Sampit District to Palangkaraya and continued by plane to Jakarta. The results indicated that as table fruit the pineapple could be harvested at >breaker-25% ripe with 69.92% of flesh and TSS acidity ratio of 18.9. The fresh pineapple stood for 4 days at ambient condition and for 6 days at 150C of storage. For pineapple jam, the proper fruit maturity was at >breaker-25% ripen. At such ripeness, the best jam quality was achieved by the formula of 65% sugar and 2% citric acid, as indicated by 67.30% of rendemen and good quality shown by score of color and taste of 3.37 and 3.95, respectively. The crushed pineapple flesh maintain its quality for 30 days stored at 150C. To improve jam quality, less prosessing time and higer rendemen, the sugar used for jam processing was added at the time when 20% of water was evaporated and the addition of 0.5% pectin

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