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Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 2339076X     EISSN : 25022458     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management is managed by the International Research Centre for the Management of Degraded and Mining Lands (IRC-MEDMIND), research collaboration between Brawijaya University, Mataram University, Massey University, and Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences-China Papers dealing with result of original research, and critical reviews on aspects directed to the management of degraded and mining lands covering topography of a landscape, soil and water quality, biogeochemistry, ecosystem structure and function, and environmental, economic, social and health impacts are welcome with no page charge
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Articles 993 Documents
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Groundwater controls on soil–environment variables and carbon risk in smallholder peatland agriculture of West Kalimantan, Indonesia Mahardika, Rabbirl Yarham; Fadilla, Ulfia; Azizu, Muhamad Noor; Siregar, Hummaira Hasnaya
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.132.9773

Abstract

Smallholder agriculture in Indonesia plays an essential role in sustaining local food production and rural livelihoods. However, management practices remain highly variable and frequently lack adequate environmental safeguards. Groundwater table (GWT) is a primary determinant of peat properties and processes. This study examined soil–environment interactions in Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan, under two dominant smallholder land-use systems: mixed crops (MCR) and pineapple monoculture (PNP). Measurements included key biogeochemical indicators, soil properties, and GWT risk score (SGWT) derived from nationally regulated thresholds (25 cm and 40 cm) and an upper limit of 60 cm. Statistical analysis indicated that GWT exerted a significant influence (p<0.05) on soil moisture and temperature, redox potential, and pH in both systems. However, the strength of these responses differed between land uses. SGWT analysis highlighted distinct hydrological contrasts between sites. The mean GWT at MCR (36.18 cm) lies between the 25- and 40-cm thresholds, whereas PNP (46.44 cm) exceeds both. The result showed that MCR accounted for 31.9% of the risk range above 25 cm (SGWTMCR25 = 0.3194), compared with PNP at 61.3% (SGWTPNP25 = 0.6126). When evaluated against the 40-cm threshold, MCR no longer surpasses the limit (SGWTMCR40 = 0), while PNP remains within 32.2% of the 40–60 cm risk interval (SGWTPNP40 = 0.3220). These hydrological differences correspond to higher estimated CO? emission factors in PNP and greater subsidence risk relative to MCR. The results emphasize the need for site-specific assessment to guide GWT-based peatland management for smallholders.
Impact of land use change on land degradation and hydrological response in the Mati Watershed for sustainable management Jayantari, Made Widya; Eryani, I Gusti Agung Putu; Pawana, I Gusti Ngurah Agung; Pariartha, I Putu Gustave Suryantara
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.132.9803

Abstract

Land-use change is one of the factors contributing to land degradation. Land degradation is characterized by a decrease in vegetation cover, leading to reduced infiltration capacity and increased surface runoff. The Mati Watershed is one of the watersheds in Bali Province that has experienced land changes with a rapid increase in built-up land from 2017 to 2024. Sentinel land cover data serve as remote sensing data that may be applied to the investigation of land transformation. The SWAT+ model is used to simulate changes in hydrological responses resulting from land-use changes. This research initiative aims to characterize the implications of land-use transformations on hydrological dynamics in the Mati watershed, thereby supporting sustainable management methodologies. The SWAT+ model encompasses two land-use scenarios from 2017 and 2014, which were examined using Sentinel land-cover data. The results show significant land use changes in the Mati Watershed, where the built-up area reached 92% of the total watershed area in 2024. This change is causing land degradation in the Mati River watershed, leading to changes in the Mati River’s flow rate. Most channels showed increases of 0.0004–0.0275 m³/s, with the most significant increase in downstream channels 18–20 (up to 0.0420 m³/s). Reduced infiltration capacity due to land-use changes leads to less rainwater absorption and increased surface runoff, increasing the risk of soil erosion and land degradation. To address this issue, sustainable management is needed, emphasizing increased groundwater recharge through low-impact development to reduce surface runoff and minimize environmental degradation in the watershed.
Event-based rainfall windows and topographic controls on landslide susceptibility in West Sumatra: A machine-learning analysis Octova, Adree; Jenni, Nadiyatul; Razi, Pakhrur; Murad, Murad
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.132.9759

Abstract

Landslides caused by rainfall are a chronic cause of land degradation in tropical mountainous areas, where steep terrain and heavy precipitation work together to destabilize slopes and undermine land usability. This study elucidated the combined effects of event-based rainfall windows and topography on the landslide susceptibility in West Sumatra, with the view of supporting degraded land management and mitigation planning. Daily rainfall data from CHIRPS were used with 137 landslide events (2014 to 2024) and an equal number of non-landslide points to create a balanced dataset based on the 7 x 7 m DEMNAS. Geomorphological predictors included slope, aspect, profile curvature, and plan curvature, whereas rainfall was measured at 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, and 30 days. The 3-day and 7-day rainfall windows, slope, and the profile curvature were identified as the most discriminative variables using the Mann-Whitney U test. Afterwards, logistic regression, random forest, and XGBoost models were built, and each achieved high predictive accuracy (AUC>0.93; AP>0.95). The feature importance and SHAP analyses consistently showed that slope was the most influential control factor, with short-term rain windows making a meaningful marginal contribution. Subsequent susceptibility maps have consistently identified the Bukit Barisan range as a high-risk area. This research also shows how event-based rainfall-terrain models can be operationalised to inform degraded land management by focusing mitigation efforts, zoning land use, and supporting rainfall-based early warning strategies in data-sparse tropical areas.
Variability of hydro-physical properties in drained peat soil: A case study of Perigi Village, Ogan Komering Ilir, South Sumatra, Indonesia Imanudin, Momon Sodik; Bakri, Bakri; Prayitno, Muh. Bambang; Sazili, A.; Choi, Eunho
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.132.9847

Abstract

Peatlands have a hydrological function, providing water, controlling floods and weather conditions, and regulating chemical and biological processes in the soil. Among the most important hydrological parameters indicating peatland damage are soil hydraulic conductivity (Ks), bulk density, and porosity. This study aimed to determine the diversity of soil hydraulic conductivity values in peatlands reclaimed for agriculture. Soil sampling was carried out in the peatlands of Perigi Village, included in the Sugihan-Saleh KHG (Peat Hydrological Area). The Ks measurement method in the laboratory uses the constant head method. The research results showed that the vertical permeability coefficient (kv) was 50.21-52.63 cm/h and the horizontal permeability coefficient (kh) was 113.2 cm/h. Spatial variations did not show significant differences, and the Ks value relative to the distance to the drainage channel shows the same inhibiting value of 50.21-52.63 cm/h. Soil porosity values ranged from 92.10 to 95.34%, and soil bulk weights ranged from 0.12 to 0.23 g/cm3. This condition shows that horizontal water movement is very fast and this causes a rapid decrease in the water level if the land is opened up by building channels. Therefore, assessing damage to peatland also determines the number of land drainage networks that have been built. To control the groundwater level so that it does not fall quickly and in accordance with the compliance figure of 40 cm, the construction of canal blocking is absolutely necessary in the drainage system in agricultural and plantation areas.
Assessing environmental degradation in a tropical watershed: Evidence from artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM), and plantation expansion in West Kalimantan, Indonesia Desmaiani, Herda; Akbar, Aji Ali; Romiyanto, Romiyanto; Hermawati, Ery; Suhartoyo, Aji; Rahma, Syafira Nur; Jati, Dian Rahayu; Saziati, Ochih; Sulastri, Aini; Jumiati, Jumiati
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.132.9859

Abstract

This study presents a systematic environmental assessment of the Raya River Sub-Watershed in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, from 2018 to 2025. It addresses a critical data gap in a region heavily impacted by artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) and oil palm expansion. Establishing the first multi-year physicochemical and sedimentological dataset for this tropical catchment enables the identification of key drivers of ecosystem degradation. An analysis was conducted across nine strategic sampling points, with results indicating significant acidification (pH 4.10), elevated total suspended solids (up to 125 mg/L), and heavy metal concentrations in sediments exceeding international quality standards. Utilising X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, the study quantified community exposure to Pb (13.0-45.5 ppm), Fe (290.0-642.3 ppm), Sn (16.0-22.8 ppm), and Mn (67.9-233.0 ppm), signalling persistent toxicological risks. This research establishes a link between in-situ pollution monitoring and human health implications by associating ASGM with agricultural runoff and potential bioaccumulation. These findings provide a scientifically robust baseline, essential for informing targeted remediation strategies, including phytoremediation and erosion control, and for offering a framework for evidence-based environmental governance in contaminated tropical watersheds.
The chemical properties of the soil in various degraded land classes: A case study of the Prafi Watershed, West Papua Kubangun, Siti Hadjar; Baja , Sumbangan; Zubair, Hazairin; Arif , Samsu
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.132.9833

Abstract

Land degradation has become a global environmental issue due to its impact on soil quality and the sustainability of terrestrial ecosystems. However, empirical evidence on soil quality, particularly the chemical properties of degraded soils in the Prafi Watershed, is still limited. This study aimed to analyze the chemical properties of soil in five land classes designated in the national critical land map. A total of 20 composite soil samples were collected from locations representing each degradation class and analyzed for soil chemical properties, including soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available P, soil pH, exchangeable base cations, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and base saturation (BS). Thresholds for each parameter were set based on the soil analysis, and statistical differences among classes were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD. Base saturation, calcium, magnesium, potassium, SOC, and TN significantly differed between undegraded land and the four classes of degraded land, in which leaching and soil disturbance caused losses of organic matter and base cations. Other parameters, including Na, available P, pH, and CEC, were not significantly correlated with the degree of degradation. This is because these parameters are controlled by internal soil reactions and parent material at the study site. These results verify the key role of SOC dynamics and BS status induced by environmental effects in degraded land. Rehabilitation of degraded land can be achieved through reforestation, agroforestry, and the application of organic matter. Additional investigations should be conducted with more equitable sample sizes per land use type to discern the effects of land management.
Synergistic impact of pollution from microplastics and glyphosate herbicides on the biophysics of horticultural land with different soil orders in Baso, West Sumatra, Indonesia Darfis, Irwan; Maulana, Amsar; Harianti, Mimien; Rezki, Dewi; Herviyanti, Herviyanti
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.132.9963

Abstract

Increased use of plastic mulch and glyphosate herbicides may lead to synergistic effects on soil properties, particularly in horticultural land. This study examined the synergistic effects of microplastics and glyphosate herbicides on the biophysics of horticultural land across different soil orders in Baso, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Soil sampling followed a quantitative, random survey approach. Sampling testing was conducted using a 2 x 4 factorial randomized block design with three groups. The first factor comprised two different land uses (forest land as a control and horticultural land), and the second factor comprised four soil orders (Entisols, Inceptisols, Ultisols, and Oxisols) at a depth of 0-20 cm. The transition of horticultural land significantly interacted with differences in soil orders in Baso, affecting bulk density, porosity, the sand fraction, and soil enzymatic activity through synergistic effects of microplastic pollution and glyphosate herbicide residues. The main effect of differences in land use between forest and horticultural land was not significant on biophysical properties, but was significant on pollutants. However, the main effect of different soil orders was insignificant for biophysical properties but significant for pollutants, particularly microplastics. The synergistic impact of microplastic pollution was positively related to glyphosate (r = 0.608**; y = 0.0162x + 2.4476; R² = 0.3697), which has the potential to increase pollutant persistence.
GIS-based morphometric analysis of Kabani River in Kerala, India, using toposheet and CartoSat DEM Sanjayan, M.S.; Brijesh, V.K.
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.132.9875

Abstract

Morphometric analysis of Kabani River Basin in Wayanad district of Kerala was done using two different approaches. The first approach utilized CartoSat DEM with 30m resolution, and second used Survey of India (SOI) topographic maps of 1:50,000 scale. Drainage networks were digitally extracted from SOI toposheet using ArcGIS software. Drainage networks were created from the DEM (Digital Elevation Model) by using Hydrology tool available in ArcGIS. A comparative study of morphometric parameters derived by the two approaches revealed important insights into the advantages and limitations of each dataset for various applications. In the present study, it could be seen that drainage delineation done with CartoSat DEM data matched well with the ground truth than the drainage extracted from toposheets. The linear, areal and relief parameters derived from both the datasets are discussed in detail to show their significance in geomorphological and hydrogeological studies of the terrain.
Integrated laccase-producing consortium and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)-based carbon capture microbial fuel cell (CMFC) for penicillin degradation, energy recovery, and carbon fixation Rothjanawan, Kronsirinut; Sola, Phachirarat; Changkit, Nopparit; Chaijak, Pimprapa
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.132.9905

Abstract

Antibiotic-contaminated wastewater poses a significant environmental challenge worldwide. Among the various treatment technologies, microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have attracted increasing attention due to their ability to simultaneously treat wastewater and generate electricity. In this study, a silver nanoparticle (AgNP)–based photocatalytic system was integrated with a carbon-capture microbial fuel cell (CMFC) to enhance electricity generation, carbon capture, and antibiotic removal performance. The laccase (Lac) activity and penicillin removal efficiency of a bacterial consortium were first evaluated in synthetic wastewater. Penicillin-contaminated wastewater and swine wastewater were then used as the substrate in the AgNP-based CMFC. The electrochemical performance, carbon fixation capacity, and penicillin removal efficiency of the system were systematically investigated. The results demonstrated a maximum Lac activity of 10.88 ± 0.68 U/mL and a penicillin removal efficiency of 93.15 ± 0.13% by the bacterial consortium. The AgNP-based CMFC achieved a maximum current density of 28.02 ± 0.15 A/m3, power density of 12.05 ± 0.25 W/m3, carbon fixation rate of 0.03 ± 0.01 g/L/day and penicillin removal efficiency of 93.15 ± 0.13%. These findings highlight the potential of the AgNP-based CMFC as an effective and sustainable approach for treating antibiotic-contaminated wastewater while simultaneously generating bioelectricity and capturing carbon.
Path analysis of phosphorus dynamics and chili response to low rank coal-derived humic acid in P-deficient Inceptisols Hermawan, Mega Kartika; Sofyan, Emma Trinurani; Sudirja, Rija; Nurbaity, Anne; Fitriatin, Betty Natalie; Mulyani, Oviyanti; Setiawati, Mieke Rochimi; Djuansah, Muhamad Rahman
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.132.9893

Abstract

Jatinangor Inceptisols are formed from volcanic material with a high concentration of iron oxide and a low concentration of phosphorus (P), which leads to high rates of P fixation and low P fertilization efficiency. The situation is exacerbated by intensive agricultural practices. This research was conducted to assess the effect of humic acid derived from low rank coal (AHL) as a soil conditioner in enhancing P availability and chili response in P-deficient Inceptisols. The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of the Soil Chemistry and Plant Nutrition Laboratory at Universitas Padjadjaran. AHL treatments were combined with various doses of SP-36 fertilizer to evaluate their direct and indirect effects on soil chemical properties, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) populations, P uptake, and plant responses. The results showed that AHL application did not cause metal toxicity symptoms and significantly increased potential P, available P, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and total PSB populations. The best results were obtained with a combination of AHL at 30 kg ha?¹ and SP-36 at 125 kg ha?¹, which optimally enhanced P dynamics and chili yields. AHL was proven to reduce the need for inorganic P fertilizer by up to 50% without compromising chili yield or quality. These findings indicate that AHL has great potential to be developed as a locally sourced soil conditioner to support sustainable agriculture and the use of more environmentally friendly low-rank coal.

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