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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 24426636     EISSN : 23553987     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21776
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition (IJHN) merupakan jurnal ilmiah yang memuat artikel penelitian di bidang gizi manusia dan di terbitkan oleh Jurusan Gizi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya Malang dan terbit dua kali dalam setahun (bulan Mei dan November).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 219 Documents
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Malnutrition Factors among Children Under Five with Social, Economic, and Public Health Impacts in Resource-Limited Contexts: A Scoping Review Rizky Saputri, Andini; Ari Nugroho, Fajar; Nila K, Fuadiyah
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2026.013.01.1

Abstract

Malnutrition remains a major public health concern, particularly among children in resource-limited settings. Multiple factors influence its occurrence, including socioeconomic status, environmental conditions, immunization coverage, infections, and the effectiveness of nutrition interventions. This study aims to examine the key determinants of malnutrition among children under five years of age in low- and middle-income countries and to identify evidence-based strategies to reduce its impact. This scoping review followed the Arksey and O’Malley framework and adhered to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A comprehensive search of the PubMed database was conducted for articles published between 2022 and 2023. Titles and abstracts were screened, followed by full-text assessment using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data from eligible studies were charted and analyzed using a descriptive thematic approach to identify determinants of malnutrition and related interventions. A total of 891 articles were identified, and nine studies met the eligibility criteria. Most included studies used observational designs and were conducted in low- and middle-income settings among children under five. The findings show that low socioeconomic status increases the risk of malnutrition due to limited access to nutritious food and healthcare services. Poor sanitation and inadequate immunization were also associated with higher malnutrition risk through increased susceptibility to infectious diseases. Recurrent infections further sustain the cycle of malnutrition and immune dysfunction. The evidence indicates that interventions such as behavior change communication (BCC), micronutrient supplementation, improved protein intake, and integrated WaSH programs can reduce malnutrition. Addressing malnutrition requires a comprehensive and multi-sectoral approach that integrates economic support, healthcare access, improved sanitation, and sustainable food security strategies to improve child health outcomes.
Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Its Impact on Nutritional Status of Preschool Children in Urban Areas Wulan, Anisa Nur; Rosdiana, Delita Septia; Fauza, Ahdiyatul; Santanu, Ayu Mutiara
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2026.013.01.8

Abstract

Due to imbalanced dietary intake during a critical period of growth, preschool children are vulnerable to nutritional issues. This study aimed to examine the relationship between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and the nutritional status of preschool children in urban areas. A cross-sectional study design was carried out with 60 kindergarten children in the working area of the Pasirkaliki Health Center. Nutritional status was assessed using anthropometric measurements, and dietary intake and UPF consumption were evaluated using SQ-FFQ and two 24-hour food recalls. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods with SPSS version 27.0. According to the findings, 79.3% of children had normal nutritional status, whereas 10.3% were classified as overweight and 5.2% as obese. A total of 41.7% of children were categorized as having a high frequency of UPF consumption. Statistical analysis indicated significant relationships between energy intake (p=0.008), protein intake (p=0.010), and fat intake (p=0.001) and nutritional status. A significant relationship was found between the frequency of UPF consumption and nutritional status (p=0.010). In short, frequent consumption of UPF contributes to a high risk of overnutrition, and parental awareness and nutrition literacy are needed in shaping healthy eating patterns to prevent long-term health impacts.
Food Safety Assurance Gaps and Microbial Contamination in Beef from the Arosbaya Slaughterhouse: Implications for Public Health Nutrition Mustofa, Lisa Mufida; Muslihah, Nurul; Rahardjo, Dadik; Kurnijasanti, Rochmah; Helmi Effendi, Mustofa; Rachmawati, Kadek; Mulyoraharjo, Hartanto
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2026.013.01.9

Abstract

Food safety assurance in slaughterhouses depends on adequate infrastructure, hygienic slaughtering practices, competent personnel, and effective microbiological control. However, studies linking regulatory compliance with microbiological safety remain limited in traditional slaughterhouses in Indonesia. This study evaluated the food safety assurance system and microbiological contamination at the Arosbaya Slaughterhouse, Bangkalan Regency, Indonesia. A mixed-methods evaluative design integrated structured field observations and laboratory analyses to assess infrastructure, Good Slaughtering Practices (GSP), human resource competence, and microbial contamination in meat and the slaughtering environment. Field observations examined compliance with national slaughterhouse regulations, while laboratory testing assessed Total Plate Count (TPC), Salmonella spp., and coliform contamination in 30 beef brisket samples and 9 environmental swab samples from knives, cutting boards, and workers’ hands. The slaughterhouse demonstrated non-compliance with infrastructure standards (41.2%) and human resource requirements (53.3%), while GSP implementation was only partially compliant (66.5%). Although all beef samples were negative for Salmonella spp. and most TPC values remained within acceptable limits, more than 60% of environmental swab samples exceeded national coliform thresholds. This study contributes to food safety assurance by demonstrating that regulatory compliance assessment alone is insufficient to determine meat safety without supporting microbiological validation of carcasses, food-contact surfaces, and workers’ hygiene. The findings provide evidence to strengthen slaughterhouse-based preventive controls, sanitation monitoring, and risk-based food safety evaluation to support safer meat consumption and public health nutrition.
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption among College Students: The Role of Fear of Missing Out Permatasari, Riasyah; Muslihah, Nurul; Rahmawati, Widya
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2026.013.01.7

Abstract

Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) have become an important component of dietary patterns associated with weight gain and metabolic disorders among adults. SSB consumption may be influenced by various internal and external factors, including psychological factors such as Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), which may contribute to impulsive purchasing behaviors involving food and beverages. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the differences in Fear of Missing Out levels and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption frequency between college students enrolled in health-related and non-health-related study programs. This research used a cross-sectional design. A total of 423 female respondents were selected using a self-selection sampling method. The results indicated differences in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption between health and non-health students. Respondents with a high category of FoMO were at risk of consuming SSBs at a higher frequency. Variations in sugar content and consumption patterns were also identified across different beverage types, and students from non-health-related programs consumed more SSBs than students from health-related programs. These findings indicate the need for nutritional interventions in this group to reduce health risks associated with excessive sugar-sweetened beverages consumption.
Dietary Quality and Ultra-Processed Food Intake in Relation to Metabolic Syndrome Aryanti Setyaningsih; Yanesti Nuravianda Lestari; Refani Alycia Kusuma; Safira Chairani Dimarti; Muhammad Mukhlis Saputra; Nuzulia Nur Kurniawati; Andriany Purnaningrum; Safna Afifa Putri
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2026.013.01.4

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome is a growing public health concern in Indonesia. The rising prevalence, which reached 21.66% in 2019, is closely linked to a shift toward imbalanced diets and increased consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) driven by globalization. This study aimed to explore the association between dietary quality and ultra-processed food consumption as risk factors for metabolic syndrome among adults in Kedungmundu, Semarang. This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design and was conducted from January to May 2025 in Kedungmundu, Semarang. A total of 75 adults aged 26-45 years were recruited using purposive sampling. Dietary quality was evaluated using the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I), while UPF consumption frequency was assessed via interviews utilizing a modified Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Metabolic syndrome diagnosis adhered to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria. Data analysis involved univariate and bivariate techniques, including the Mann-Whitney U test and the Chi-square test. Metabolic syndrome was identified in 38.7% of respondents, with hyperglycemia, low HDL cholesterol, and central obesity. Approximately 53.3% of respondents had a low diet quality score, and 46.7% reported frequent UPF consumption. Diet quality was associated with metabolic syndrome (p=0.031), whereas intake of ultra-processed foods was not significantly associated (p=0.229). Low diet quality was significantly associated with metabolic syndrome, whereas frequent intake of ultra-processed foods was not among adults in Kedungmundu, Semarang.
Potency of Moringa Leaves on Hemoglobin Levels in Adolescent Girls with Anemia: A Literature Review Khotimah, Nuzulul Husnul; Kurniasari, Fuadiyah Nila; Handayani, Dian
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2026.013.01.2

Abstract

Anemia among adolescent girls remains a major nutritional concern and has significant consequences for growth and well-being. Low adherence to iron supplementation programs has driven the need for acceptable food-based alternatives such as Moringa oleifera. This review aimed to evaluate the potential of moringa leaves in improving hemoglobin levels among anemic adolescent girls and compare their effectiveness with iron supplementation and nutrition education. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published between 2015 and 2025. Studies including adolescent girls or women of reproductive age with anemia who received Moringa oleifera interventions and reported hemoglobin outcomes were included. Most of the seven eligible studies were randomized controlled trials, conducted in community or school settings, with intervention durations ranging from 3 to 6 weeks. Moringa leaves contain iron and micronutrients that promote erythropoiesis and improve non-heme iron absorption. Interventions delivered as capsules, tea, and fortified foods increased hemoglobin levels by 0.41-2.23 g/dL within 3 to 6 weeks. Compared to iron supplementation, moringa-based interventions showed better acceptability and fewer reported side effects. Overall, moringa leaves demonstrate potential as a complementary strategy for anemia management in adolescent girls.
Improving Anthropometric and Nutritional Status among School-Aged Children through Animal Source Food-Snack Intervention Kustiani, Ai; Khalida Dalimunthe, Nathasa; Woro Astuti, Dewi; Syukrina Puteri, Hidayatusy; Nurhartanto, Adhi; Hervidea, Radella
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2026.013.01.6

Abstract

Approximately 49.2% of children consume animal-source food (ASF) derived from ultra-processed products. Unhealthy eating habits established during childhood may shape unhealthy eating behaviors. This study aimed to analyze the effect of an ASF snack intervention on anthropometric indicators and nutritional status among school-aged children in Central Lampung Regency. This research used a one-group pretest-posttest design conducted in elementary schools in Central Lampung Regency, Lampung, from August to October 2024. A total of 240 subjects participated in the study. Data collected included subject and parental characteristics, body weight, height, and nutritional status indicators based on Height-for-Age Z-score (HAZ) and BMI-for-Age Z-score (BAZ). The intervention consisted of providing 20 ASF snack menus within a 10-day menu cycle, administered three times per week for approximately 6.6 weeks. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests with a significance level of 5%. There was no significant change in body weight (p=0.096), but height increased significantly by approximately 2.82 cm (p<0.001). HAZ also improved significantly by +0.41 SD (p=0.000), indicating a shift from stunted to normal nutritional status. In contrast, BAZ decreased significantly by approximately -0.21 SD (p=0.006), remaining within the normal category. School-based ASF snack interventions implemented for approximately 6.6 weeks may contribute to improvements in height and nutritional status based on HAZ and BAZ indicators among school-aged children.
Nutritional Quality, pH, and Sensory Acceptance of Lactobacillus plantarum Soft Cheese Lola Ayu Istifiani; Widyanto, Rahma Micho; Tsalissavrina, Iva; Irma Sarita Rahmawati; Razinah Sharif; Velisia, Lola Saritama Amarsya; Pineda, Aliyyah Bunga Teratai Putri; Luh Asmi Arisanty Dewi; Aisyah Washfa Muthi’ah
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2026.013.01.5

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases in Indonesia, especially hypercholesterolemia, has raised awareness of healthy lifestyles and food choices, including probiotic cheese. The development of probiotic cheese is therefore important, especially in terms of nutritional quality, pH, and sensory characteristics. This study aimed to develop probiotic soft cheese using Lactobacillus plantarum FNCC 0026 and to assess its nutritional quality through proximate analysis, pH measurement, and sensory acceptance. A randomized block design was applied with four treatment levels of Lactobacillus plantarum FNCC 0026 (0%, 5%, 10%, and 20%). Nutritional composition was analyzed using proximate methods, pH was measured using a pH meter, and sensory evaluation was conducted under blinded conditions involving 40 panelists. The results showed that starter concentration significantly affected nutritional quality, pH, and sensory properties of probiotic soft cheese. Increasing probiotic levels increased moisture content (55.11±4.02) and pH values (6.50±0.15), while reducing carbohydrate content (1.23±1.48), whereas protein, fat, ash, and energy contents remained relatively stable. Higher probiotic concentrations reduced acceptability in terms of taste, texture, and overall appearance, while moderate concentrations resulted in a more balanced quality and higher consumer acceptance. In conclusion, the 5% Lactobacillus plantarum FNCC 0026 formulation produced the most favorable balance of nutritional quality, pH stability, and sensory acceptance.
The Effect of Edamame Sprout Milk on Flavonoid Content and Sensory Properties of Yogurt Enriched with Tumeric and Aromatic Ginger Hery Winarsi; Friska Citra Agustia; Dilla Ambar Dewi
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2026.013.01.10

Abstract

Dyslipidemia is a lipid metabolism disorder characterized by oxidative stress resulting from excessive production of reactive oxygen species, which contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, the consumption of antioxidant-rich foods, such as edamame sprout yogurt enriched with turmeric and aromatic ginger, may help alleviate oxidative stress. This study evaluated the effects of edamame sprout milk and skim milk proportions, turmeric–aromatic ginger extract, and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on total flavonoid and vitamin C contents, and hedonic sensory properties of edamame sprout–based yogurt enriched with turmeric and aromatic ginger (Estag-Yo). A factorial randomized block design was used. Proportions of edamame sprout milk (Eds-M) to skim milk were 90:10, 80:20, and 70:30; turmeric–aromatic ginger (Tag) extract levels were 5% and 10%; and LAB concentrations were 0.3% and 0.5%, with three replications. Flavonoids were measured using a quercetin standard, vitamin C via iodometric method, and sensory traits using a scoring method. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and DMRT at a 5% significance level. The optimum formula comprised 70% Eds-M, 30% skim milk, 5% Tag extract, and 0.5% LAB. Estag-Yo contained 882.94 mg QE/100 g flavonoids, 57.84 mg/100 g vitamin C, 2.23x109 CFU/mL probiotics, and was well accepted. These findings suggest that edamame sprout yogurt enriched with turmeric and aromatic ginger has the potential to improve antioxidant status and lipid metabolism, thereby supporting the management of dyslipidemia.

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