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INDONESIA
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
BIOLOGY, MEDICINE, & NATURAL PRODUCT CHEMISTRY, this journal is published to attract and disseminate innovative and expert findings in the fields of plant, animal, and microorganism secondary metabolite, and also the effect of natural product on biological system as a reference source for researchers in these fields, and with the aim to set international standards in their methodology.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 705 Documents
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Histopathological Profile of Wistar Rat Kidney in High-Fat Diet Model Treated with a Combination of Tea and Mango Mistletoe Extracts Rianda Siwi Cholida; Nour Athiroh Abdoes Sjakoer; Ari Hayati
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1621-1628

Abstract

A high-fat diet (HFD) can cause kidney damage through oxidative stress and inflammation. This study aimed to analyze the histopathology of the kidneys in rats given HFD after administering a combination of tea mistletoe leaf extract (Scurrula atropurpurea) and mango mistletoe (Dendrophthoe pentandra) (MESA-DP). Using a randomized pretest-posttest control group design, the rats were divided into a negative control group (G1), an HFD control group (G2), and three treatment groups with combined doses of MESA-DP: 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight (G3, G4, G5). During the 37-day treatment period, microscopic examinations were conducted. The results showed that (G2) experienced an increase in fat accumulation (12%) and glomerulus diameter (1783.1 micrometer), compared to G1 (6%; 1507.5 micrometer). G3 actually worsened the condition (22%; 2003.1 micrometer). G4 successfully reduced fat accumulation to 9% and glomerulus diameter to 1689.4 micrometer, while G5 approached normal levels (7%; 1674.4 micrometer). ANOVA tests on the kidney fat area and glomerulus diameter showed p=0.018 (p<0.05), indicating significant differences among the groups. These results demonstrate that the combination of MESA-DP at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight (G4) can balance the side effects of HFD on kidney tissue and minimize inflammatory side effects in the glomerulus
Green Synthesis of Iron Nanoparticles using Ficus capensis Stem Bark Extract: Characterization, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Evaluations Uchenna Benjamin Okeke; Ejiro Dowe; Oscar Ifeanyichukwu Onyemaobi; Bako Wunia&#039;h; Wande Michael Oluyemi
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1713-1723

Abstract

distinctive properties that support the development of sustainable therapeutic alternatives. This study evaluated the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) synthesized via a green route using Ficus capensis stem bark extract. The plant part was collected from its natural habitat, authenticated, and extracted with 80% methanol. Phytochemical analysis was performed on the extract following standard protocols. FeNPs were prepared using a mixture of 0.1 M ferric chloride and the extract. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Their antioxidant capacity was assessed using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay (RSA), while antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined according to established microbiological methods. The synthesized FeNPs were found to be agglomerated and non-spherical in nature, exhibiting substantial DPPH RSA with an IC50 of 6.474 ± 0.59 mikrogram/mL. The FeNPs showed antibacterial action against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus, with limited activity against Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These results underscore the potential of F. capensis-derived FeNPs as environmentally benign therapeutic agents for addressing oxidative stress and certain bacterial infections.
In Vivo Test of Combined Leaf Extracts of Tea Mistletoe and Mango Mistletoe on Hepatic TNF-alpha Levels in Wistar Rats Nur Aziza; Nour Athiroh Abdoes Sjakoer; Ari Hayati
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1677-1682

Abstract

Tea mistletoe (Scurrula atropurpurea) and mango mistletoe (Dendrophthoe pentandra) are known to contain bioactive compounds with potential anti-inflammatory activity. Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-alpha) is a key proinflammatory cytokine whose hepatic expression can be elevated by a high-fat diet. This study aimed to investigate the effect of combined extracts of tea mistletoe and mango mistletoe and determine the most effective dose in reducing hepatic TNF-alpha levels in Wistar rats induced by a high-fat diet. An in vivo experimental design was employed using 35 male Wistar rats, randomly divided into five groups: negative control, positive control (high-fat diet), and three treatment groups receiving combined extracts at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight for 37 days. Hepatic TNF-alpha levels were quantified using ELISA. The results showed that the combination of tea mistletoe and mango mistletoe extracts significantly reduced TNF-alpha levels in the liver of Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet. Among the tested doses, 200 mg/kg body weight demonstrated the greatest reduction compared to lower doses. In conclusion, the combined extracts exhibit promising anti-inflammatory effects by lowering hepatic TNF-alpha levels, with 200 mg/kg body weight identified as the most effective dose under the conditions of this study.
Optimization of Carbopol 940 Concentration in Bidara Laut Leaf Extract Anti-Acne Gel Preparations: Physical Stability and Inhibitory Effectiveness Study Fhahri Mubarak; Nur Khairi; Dwi Tiva Widyanti S. Humolungo
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1629-1640

Abstract

Acne vulgaris is a widespread skin condition associated with Propionibacterium acnes, and conventional antibiotics often lead to resistance and irritation, underscoring the need for safer, natural therapies. This research explored the antibacterial potential of Strychnos ligustrina (Bidara Laut) leaf extract and its formulation into a topical gel. Leaves collected from Bima, West Nusa Tenggara, were processed into ethanol extracts, which were then screened for phytochemicals, confirming the presence of tannins and phenolics. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using disc diffusion at concentrations of 15%, 20%, and 25%, with clindamycin as the positive control and DMSO as the negative control. Gel formulations containing Carbopol 940 at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% were prepared and evaluated for their physical properties, including organoleptic characteristics, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, adhesion, and stability under accelerated storage conditions. The extract exhibited moderate inhibition of P. acnes, with the most substantial effect observed at a concentration of 25% (7.73 mm). Among the gel formulas, the 1.5% Carbopol gel (Formula 3) was the most stable and produced the largest inhibition zone (12.89 mm), although it was still lower than that of clindamycin (33.87 mm). Overall, the findings suggest that Bidara Laut extract can be formulated into a stable gel with measurable antibacterial activity, indicating its potential as a natural topical option for acne management. However, further refinement is needed to enhance its efficacy. 
Test of the Reduction of Pathogenic Microorganisms in Wastewater from the Agro-food and Domestic Industries by the Essential Oil of Eucalyptus citriodora Sharon Tshibola Mpiana; André Kanjinga Ngoyi; Tania Nkanga Bonona; Bienvenue Mvingu Kamalandua; Francis Tshiswaka Kabongo; Hervé Ngangu Boloki; Thierry Tangou Tabou
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1761-1769

Abstract

The study evaluates Eucalyptus citriodora essential oil (EO) as an eco-friendly alternative to chemical disinfectants for treating wastewater from agro-food and domestic sources. It demonstrates the oil's antimicrobial effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, achieving bacterial growth inhibition at low concentrations. While less potent than chlorine in total microbial elimination, the EO presents fewer environmental and health risks. The study concludes that EO is a viable option for sustainable wastewater disinfection and encourages further research into its applications.

Page 71 of 71 | Total Record : 705

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