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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology
Published by Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
ISSN : 25278045     EISSN : 25281410     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social,
Computer Science & IT Environmental Science
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 220 Documents
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Simultaneous Decolorization of Tartrazine and Production of H2 in a Combined Electrocoagulation and Photocatalytic Processes using CuO-TiO2 Nanotube Arrays: Literature Review and Experiment S. Slamet; Laily Fitri Pelawi; Muhammad Ibadurrohman; Rike Yudianti; R. Ratnawati
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 7, No 3 (2022): IJOST: VOLUME 7, ISSUE 3, December 2022
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v7i3.51315

Abstract

We reported the simultaneous decolorization of tartrazine and H2 production via electrocoagulation and photocatalysis using CuO-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNTA) composites. Tartrazine was removed by the combination of adsorption, electrocoagulation, and photocatalytic degradation, while H2 was produced through water reduction at the cathode and water splitting process on the photocatalyst surface. The photoreactor contains CuO-TNTA as a photocatalyst and is equipped with an 80-W UV lamp. Deposition of CuO on TNTA was conducted using a successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. The nanotubular of the TNTA as well as the distribution of CuO were evaluated employing FESEM and HRTEM. XRD patterns confirmed weak diffraction of CuO and TNTA revealing an anatase crystallite phase. The band gap of the CuO-TNTA was also found to be redshifted from that of pure TNTA. The simultaneous processes with the combined systems (20 V, pH = 11) managed to remove 80% of tartrazine while producing a high H2 yield (1.84 mmol), significantly higher than those obtained by each process.
Artemisia herba alba Essential Oil: GC/MS analysis, antioxidant activities with molecular docking on S protein of SARS-CoV-2 Khaoula Diass; Imane Oualdi; Mohammed Dalli; Salah-eddine Azizi; Mounir Mohamed; Nadia Gseyra; Rachid Touzani; Belkheir Hammouti
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 8, No 1 (2023): IJOST: April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v8i1.50737

Abstract

This study was conceived to work on Artemisia herba alba essential oils (EOs) originating from Eastern Morocco. We investigated the chemical properties and determined the antiradical scavenging activity. The GC-MS technique was used to elucidate the chemical composition of the two studied regions. Jerada Eo was distinguished by the existence of 1,6-Dimethylhepta-1,3,5-triene (36.44%), Camphor (22.50%), and Thujone (7.21%). While, Taourirt EO was found to be rich in Camphor (55.31%), Eucalyptol (14.64%), and Camphene (9.95%). Moreover, the free radical scavenging ability (DPPH•), and ferric reducing power assay (FRAP) were conducted. The EOs tested are found to be weakly active and to have important antioxidant potential. The docking study was also carried out by theoretical investigation with molecular docking of four active predominating components (1,6-dimethylhepta-1,3,5-triene; Chrysanthone; Eucalyptol; Alpha-pinene) against S protein of SARS-CoV‑2, and all the four ligands were found to bind to the S protein 6CS2 of SARS-CoV-2 differently and that the stable complex formed as a result of these interactions may prevent the binding of ACE2 with the spike S protein of SARS-CoV-2.
A Review of Artificial Intelligence in Security and Privacy: Research Advances, Applications, Opportunities, and Challenges Yazan Alaya Al-Khassawneh
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 8, No 1 (2023): IJOST: April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v8i1.52709

Abstract

Artificial intelligence has the potential to address many societal, economic, and environmental challenges, but only if AI-enabled gadgets are kept secure. Many artificial intelligence (AI) models produced in recent years can be hacked by utilizing cutting-edge techniques. This issue has sparked intense research into adversarial AI to develop machine and deep learning models that can withstand various types of attacks. We provide a detailed summary of artificial intelligence in this paper to prove how adversarial attacks against AI applications can be mounted, covering topics such as confrontational knowledge and capabilities, existing methods for actually producing adversarial examples, and existing cyber defense models. In addition, we investigated numerous cyber countermeasures that could defend AI applications against these attacks and offered a systematic approach for demonstrating war strategies against machine learning and artificial intelligence. To safeguard AI applications, we emphasize the importance of understanding the intentions and methods of possible attackers. In the end, we list the biggest problems and most interesting research areas in the field of AI privacy and security.
Strawberry-fortified Yogurt: Production, Sensory, Antioxidant Activity Test, and Model for Practicum Florentina Maria Titin Supriyanti; Dida Roslina; Z. Zackiyah; Islah Hanifa
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 7, No 3 (2022): IJOST: VOLUME 7, ISSUE 3, December 2022
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v7i3.51520

Abstract

This study aims to produce as well as analyze the sensory and antioxidant activity of fortified strawberry yogurt with cryoconcentration and pasteurization preparation methods. The results for the sensory test of strawberry fortified yogurt showed that the pasteurized yogurt is the best for taste and aroma because the use of heat when pasteurizing releases the aroma from strawberries. Reducing the water content using this method allows the strawberry flavor more concentrated. The cryoconcentration method allows the texture and color to be better than other methods. This is influenced by the use of low temperatures in the cryoconcentration method to maintain the anthocyanin content in strawberries which acts as a red pigment. The greater concentration of fortificants added results in higher antioxidant activity gained. Based on the IC100 value, the fortification of strawberries with the cryoconcentration method was significantly different from the pasteurization method in increasing the antioxidant activity of strawberry-fortified yogurt. The benefit of this research is to process milk into yogurt. Thus, it can be consumed by consumers with lactose intolerant sufferers. The addition of strawberries increases the antioxidants to prevent degenerative diseases. In addition, due to its simply design and production, this study is possibly used as a model in the practicum class.
Phytochemical Profile and Anticancer Activity from Medicinal Plants Against Melanoma Skin Cancer: A Review Adryan Fristiohady; Rathapon Asasutjarit; La Ode Muh. Julian Purnama; Sewan Theeramunkong; Wirhamsah Al-Ramadan; Lidya Agriningsih Haruna; Nur Syifa Rahmatika; Syarul Nataqain Baharum; I. Sahidin
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 7, No 3 (2022): IJOST: VOLUME 7, ISSUE 3, December 2022
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v7i3.51325

Abstract

Melanoma skin cancer is a malignant melanocyte tumor considered the most invasive and dangerous skin cancer, with an average five-year survival rate of less than 5% after metastasis. Thus, a new strategy for preventing and treating cancer from the natural product is required. Medicinal plants are the potential as an alternative against cancer. This review article aims to determine natural products from medicinal plants which have the potential as an anticancer in melanoma skin cancer in vitro and in vivo. 40 plants have been selected based on the selection criteria for anticancer compounds. In vitro studies showed that the plant can reduce cell viability through cell cycle inhibition and apoptosis induction and inhibit angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis in human melanoma skin cancer. Therefore, further research is required to explore more plants, especially medicinal plants, their active compounds, and the mechanism of anticancer action to be used as standard herbal medicines.
Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Waste Pretreatment with Benzotriazolium-Based Ionic Liquids for Cellulose Conversion to Glucose: Experiments with Computational Bibliometric Analysis Ahmad Mudzakir; Karina Mulya Rizky; Heli Siti Halimatul Munawaroh; Dhesy Puspitasari
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 7, No 2 (2022): IJOST: VOLUME 7, ISSUE 2, September 2022
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v7i2.50800

Abstract

This study aims to utilize benzotriazolium salt-ionic liquids (ILs) as solvents in the oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) waste pretreatment along with bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer. Three ILs have been synthesized and tested as EFB solvents by a microwave-heating method. Those are organic salts of 1,3-methyl-octyl-1,2,3-benzotriazolium ([MOBzt]+) cation with three kinds of anions such as bromide ([Br]-), acetate ([CH3COO]-), and thiocyanate ([SCN]-). The bibliometric analysis showed that new research needs to be conducted to improve the development of research relating to biomass pretreatment. The highest solubility of EFB is in [MOBzt]CH3COO is about 7,5% w/w. The effect of anions on the ability to dissolve EFB is CH3COO-SCN-Br-. When subject to ILs pretreatment, EFB exhibited increased cellulose crystallinity, changed in the structure of cellulose I to cellulose II, reduced particle size, and decreased lignin content compared to untreated one, improving the glucose yield from enzymatic hydrolysis. The highest glucose yield (1,237 mg/mL) was obtained when the EFB was pretreated by [MOBzt]CH3COO with enzymatic hydrolysis for 24 hours. This research is expected to contribute to the development of new biomass pretreatment methods.
Potential Alternative Energy of Hybrid Coal from Co-pyrolysis of Lignite with Palm Empty Fruit Bunch and the Kinetic Study Rinny Jelita; Iryanti Fatyasari Nata; Chairul Irawan; J. Jefriadi; Meda Nur Anisa; Muhammad Jauhar Mahdi; Meilana Dharma Putra
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 8, No 1 (2023): IJOST: April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v8i1.53149

Abstract

Lignite is classified as a low-rank coal due to its low content of calories. Co-pyrolysis with biomass waste such as palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) here can be used to increase lignite’s economic value. The mixture of these two materials can produce an alternative energy source called hybrid coal (HC). This study aims to determine the optimum temperature for co-pyrolysis of lignite and EFB as well as characterize liquid (tar) and solid product (HC). Its kinetic study was evaluated as well. A raw material of 200 grams with a composition of 22.5% (w/w) EFB to lignite was put into a reactor to react at a temperature range of 300-450oC for 1 hour. To form hybrid coal briquettes (HCB),tapioca adhesive with a concentration of 6% (w/w) was added to the solid product (HC). The results showed that the tar yield increased with increasing temperature from 300 to 450oC. Similarly, the calorific value of HC increased by 14.50% as also occurred in other physical properties of HC. Meanwhile, the kinetic study revealed that the model was well-fitted to the data, and confirmed the obtained results. Thus, this research can support the development of affordable alternative energy to be implemented in large-scale production.
Experimental studies on in-cylinder combustion, exergy performance, and exhaust emission in a Compression Ignition engine fuelled with neat biodiesels Aditya Kolakoti; Ambati Vijay Kumar; Raghu Metta; Muji Setiyo; Muhammad Latifur Rochman
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 7, No 2 (2022): IJOST: VOLUME 7, ISSUE 2, September 2022
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v7i2.49680

Abstract

In the last decade, the search for cleaner fuels like biodiesels is gaining wide popularity, and exergy analysis are widely used in design and performance evaluation to identify the various losses. In this study, three neat biodiesels are tested for energy and exergetic performance in a single-cylinder, four-stroke IDI diesel engine. The experiments are conducted for waste poultry fat biodiesel (WPFBD), palm oil biodiesel (POBD), and waste cooking oil biodiesel (WCOBD) at various loads by maintaining a fixed rpm of 1500. Parameters like exergetic efficiency, exergy destruction, and various heat loss factors are computed from the thermodynamic models. The in-cylinder combustion pressures, heat release rate, and fuel consumption are also measured. Results show that WCOBD dominates the other two biodiesels by achieving high exergetic efficiency (52.74%) and low exergetic destruction (3.74 kJ). The in-cylinder combustion pressures and net heat release for WCOBD show smoother combustion with better torque conversion. In contrast, POBD shows high fuel consumption and more unaccounted heat losses. Better utilization of heat input by converting it into useful work was achieved for WCOBD at 75 and 100% loads. Similarly, the exhaust emissions from WCOBD compared with diesel fuel at all the loads reveal that except for NOx, there is a drastic reduction of CO, UHC, and exhaust smoke.
Experimental Study on The Characterization of Pyrolysis Products from Bagasse (Saccharum Officinarum L.): Bio-oil, Biochar, and Gas Products Siti Jamilatun; Joko Pitoyo; Shinta Amelia; Alfian Ma’arif; Dhias Cahya Hakika; Ilham Mufandi
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 7, No 3 (2022): IJOST: VOLUME 7, ISSUE 3, December 2022
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v7i3.51566

Abstract

Sugarcane bagasse is one of the most abundant biomasses. This study aims to examine the characteristics of bagasse using a pyrolysis system to produce liquid, solid (Biochar), and gaseous. A fixed bed reactor was installed in pyrolysis with temperature variations from 300 to 600°C. The ultimate and proximate analysis was applied to evaluate the characteristic of bagasse. The experimental result found that the maximum bio-oil was obtained at a temperature of 550°C. Several characterizations were done, including gas chromatography and surface area analysis. The Levoglucosan compound of 78% area. The temperature effect on pyrolysis influenced the O/C ratio, H/C ratio, HHV value, and surface area of biochar. The High Heating Value was obtained from 16.698 to 18.496 kJ/kg. Biochar results indicated that the surface area, average pore size, and total pore volume are 180.3-198.0 m2/g, 1.42-4.33 nm, and 0.11-0.12 nm, respectively. The study also analyzed its composition in biochar.
Research Mapping in the Use of Technology for Fake News Detection: Bibliometric Analysis from 2011 to 2021 Budi Gunawan; Barito Mulyo Ratmono; Ade Gafar Abdullah; Nada Sadida; Hendra Kaprisma
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 7, No 3 (2022): IJOST: VOLUME 7, ISSUE 3, December 2022
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v7i3.51449

Abstract

This study aims to (1) determine research developments, (2) produce research distribution maps based on co-authorship analysis, (3) produce research distribution maps based on citation analysis, (4) produce research distribution maps based on co-citation analysis, (5) produce a research distribution map based on co-occurrence analysis, and (6) find out the state-of-the-art research in the use of technology for fake news detection. This study uses a quantitative method with a descriptive approach in bibliometric analysis from 2011 to 2021. From the research results obtained (1) the development of research publications in the field of the use of technology for fake news detection shows an increase, (2) the interrelationships between countries of authors, organizations affiliated with the authors, and among authors, (3) distribution map of citation analysis based on units of countries, sources, and authors, (4) distribution map of co-citation analysis based on unit cited sources and cited authors, (5) connection of keyword in the use of technology for fake news detection publications is related to literacy skills such as media literacy and information literacy, and (6) several research trends that researchers have widely used in the last 2 years including COVID-19, media literacy, and cyber deception. The research results can be used to determine the development of research o in the use of technology for fake news detection and as a reference for developing further research in the use of technology for fake news detection.

Page 18 of 22 | Total Record : 220

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