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MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana)
Published by Universitas Surabaya
ISSN : 25276208     EISSN : 25279017     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology
Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana (MPI) is a journal focusing on pharmaceutical aspects. MPI is dedicated to update and support the development of information and knowledge on pharmaceutical fields. This journal is published twice a year (June and December).
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Articles 17 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER" : 17 Documents clear
Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik Profilaksis Klasifikasi Access pada Pasien Bedah Obstetri-Ginekologi (Obgyn) Zumaroh, Siti; Herawati, Fauna; Yulia, Rika
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7301

Abstract

Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat dan berlebih merupakan penyebab utama resistensi antibiotik. Unit bedah merupakan salah satu unit dengan pemakaian antibiotik yang tinggi, salah satunya adalah jenis bedah Obstetri-Ginekologi (obgyn). Pemerintah telah menetapkan indikator mutu nasional dan mewajibkan seluruh rumah sakit untuk menerapkan Program Penatagunaan Antibiotik (antibiotics stewardship) dengan mengelompokkan antibiotik dalam kategori AWaRe : Access, Watch dan Reserve. Evaluasi penggunaan antibiotik merupakan salah satu indikator mutu program pengendalian resistensi antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pola penggunaan antibiotik profilaksis pada pasien Obstetri-Ginekologi (obgyn) dengan metode Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/Defined Daily Dose (ATC/DDD) dan Drug Utilization (DU) 90%, serta mengevaluasi kesesuaian berdasarkan Pedoman Penggunaan Antibiotik (PPAB) dan Formularium Nasional (FORNAS). Studi observasional retrospektif dilakukan pada 118 pasien Obgyn di sebuah rumah sakit di Surabaya selama Mei- Juni 2024. Hasil menunjukkan 100% pasien menerima antibiotik profilaksis dengan total 55,51 DDD/100 hari rawat. Penggunaan antibiotik didominasi kategori Access (54,5%), namun Ceftriaxone (Watch) paling sering digunakan (16,25 DDD/100 hari rawat). Analisis DU 90% mengidentifikasi empat jenis antibiotik yang diurutkan dari persentase terbanyak: Ceftriaxone (29,28%), Metronidazole (26,48%), Cefazolin (26,26%), dan Cefixime (14,30%). Evaluasi kepatuhan PPAB menunjukkan kesesuaian jenis dan dosis (100%) tinggi, tetapi kesesuaian waktu penyuntikan (46,7%) dan durasi pemberian (75,6%) rendah. Inappropriate and excessive use of antibiotics is the main cause of antibiotic resistance. The surgical unit is one of the sections with high antibiotic use, one of which is the Obstetrics-Gynecology (obgyn) surgical procedure. The government has set national quality indicators and requires all hospitals to implement an Antibiotics Stewardship program by grouping antibiotics into the AWaRe categories: Access, Watch, and Reserve. Evaluation of antibiotic use is one of the quality indicators of the antibiotic resistance control program. This study aims to analyze the pattern of prophylactic antibiotic use in Obstetrics-Gynecology (obgyn) patients using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/Defined Daily Dose (ATC/DDD) and Drug Utilization (DU) 90% methods and evaluate the suitability based on the Antibiotic Use Guidelines (PPAB) and National Formulary (FORNAS). A retrospective observational study was conducted on 118 patients at a hospital in Surabaya in May-June 2024. The results showed that 100% of patients received prophylactic antibiotics with 55.51 DDD/100 bed-days. Antibiotic use was dominated by the Access group (54.5%), but Ceftriaxone (Watch) was the most frequently used 16.25 DDD/100 bed-days. DU 90% analysis identified four main antibiotics: Ceftriaxone (29.28%), Metronidazole (26.48%), Cefazolin (26.26%), and Cefixime (14.30%). PPAB compliance evaluation showed the appropriate type and dose (100%) high, but time (46.7%) and duration of administration (75.6%) low.
Molecular Docking Analysis of Compounds in Coleus blumei Leaves as Potential Antibiotics Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Sukmawaty, Eka; Amanda, Sabilla Suryaning; Hafsan; Nur, Fatmawati; Pratiwi, Afryanti
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7419

Abstract

This study investigated the potential of phytochemical compounds from Coleus blumei leaves as anti-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) candidates through a validated molecular docking and absorption-distribution-metabolism-excretion-toxicology (ADMET)-based screening approach. The ligand structures were energy-minimized using MMFF94 followed by PM7 to obtain stable conformers prior to docking. Protein targets consisted of PBP2a and the extracellular antibiotic-sensing domain of MecR1 (benzylpenicilloyl- and oxacilloyl-acylated forms), both of which play central roles in the mecA-mediated resistance pathway of MRSA. Docking simulations were performed using AutoDock Vina v1.2.7 and validated through redocking of co-crystallized ligands, yielding RMSD values <2.0 Å. Among the eight tested compounds, Hexahydro-3H-1[2’-trifluoromethyl]-6’[4’’-trifluoromethylphenyl]- exhibited the strongest binding affinities, surpassing reference β-lactam antibiotics and demonstrating key interactions with residues involved in allosteric activation of PBP2a and ligand sensing in MecR1. ADMET predictions further supported its drug-likeness and safety profile, although experimental confirmation remains necessary. These findings highlight this compound as a promising anti-MRSA lead candidate and underscore the need for subsequent in vitro and in vivo evaluations to substantiate its mechanistic and therapeutic potential.
Virtual Screening, ADMET Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Approach in the Discovery of Novel Potential Sweetening Agent Yuniarta, Tegar Achsendo; Kesuma, Dini; Putra, Purnawan Pontana
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7437

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive in silico approach aimed at discovering novel artificial sweetener candidates through an integration of shape-based virtual screening, taste classification, ADMET evaluation, homology modeling, and molecular docking. Using saccharin as a template, compounds were screened from a large high-throughput database employing vROCS software, followed by taste prediction via VirtualTaste and Virtuous Sweet/Bitter. Two promising candidates were identified with Compound 1 exhibiting superior binding affinity against a homology-modeled human T1R2-T1R3 receptor, as evidenced by its docking score of –77.81 kcal/mol. ADMET analysis further revealed favorable pharmacokinetic properties for the compounds, suggesting their potential as safer non-caloric sweeteners. The integrative strategy not only streamlines candidate selection but also underlines the utility of molecular modeling in food science. Nevertheless, experimental validation and sensory evaluation are needed to confirm these findings and establish the compounds’ efficacy and safety profiles. These promising results encourage further in vitro and in vivo studies.
Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) Fingerprint Analysis of Moringa oleifera Leaves Extract Jayani, Nikmatul Ikhrom Eka; Jaya , I Gusti Ngurah Sutan; Martins, Merliana Putri Pratiwi; Rani, Karina Citra
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7441

Abstract

Moringa oleifera is known to be rich in nutrients and phytochemicals. M.oleifera is also widely used for herbal medicine and functional food. Fingerprint profiling is one of the methods used to determine the quality and authenticity of M.oleifera leaves and prevent counterfeiting. The study aimed was to determine optimal chromatographic parameters (stationary and mobile phases, blot volume, and detection method) capable to generating the highest number of bands with good separation. The method used was Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), accompanied by stability testing and precision testing. The results showed that fingerprint profile of M. oleifera leaves, created using the mobile phase toluene: ethyl acetate: methanol: formic acid (7:2:1:0.2), stationary phase TLC plate with silica gel 60 F254. Test solution was 70% ethanol viscous extract of M. oleifera leaves, dissolved in methanol with a blotting volume of 5μl, observed in UV 366 nm and obtained eight bands. Stability and precision testing of the TLC condition optimization method showed that the analyte was stable on the TLC plate and in solution. The analyte also showed stability results during the chromatography process, and the repeatability and intermediate precision were met the criteria. The TLC fingerprint analysis method with chromatographic conditions optimized in this study can be used as one of the quality control methods of M. oleifera leaf raw materials.
Kemampuan Mahasiswa S1 Farmasi dalam Merespon Kasus Swamedikasi Diare Akut pada Anak: Studi Simulasi Pasien Astuti, Briandini Dwi; Wibowo, Yosi Irawati; Brata, Cecilia
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7456

Abstract

Mahasiswa farmasi sebagai calon apoteker perlu punya kemampuan untuk dapat merespon kasus swamedikasi dengan tepat, termasuk kasus swamedikasi diare anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan mahasiswa S1 Farmasi dalam merespon kasus swamedikasi diare akut anak (balita) tanpa alarm symptoms dan kasus diare akut anak (bayi) dengan dehidrasi. Penelitian dilakukan di salah satu fakultas farmasi swasta di Indonesia dengan melibatkan 136 mahasiswa S1. Metode simulasi pasien digunakan untuk pengambilan data terkait tipe informasi yang digali, tipe rekomendasi yang diberikan, dan ketepatan rekomendasi. Ketepatan rekomendasi dinilai berdasarkan bukti pada literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kedua kasus diare diatas, partisipan belum dapat menggali informasi secara komprehensif. Ketepatan rekomendasi yang diberikan juga sangat rendah, dimana hanya 21% partisipan memberikan rekomendasi dengan tepat pada kasus diare pada anak (balita) (pemberian produk oralit dan zink) dan hanya 11% partisipan merujuk ke dokter pada kasus diare akut pada anak (bayi). Perlu adanya peningkatan kemampuan mahasiswa farmasi dalam merespon kasus swamedikasi diare anak. Penelitian lanjutan terkait faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kemampuan mahasiswa farmasi dalam merespon kasus-kasus swamedikasi diperlukan untuk mende- sain intervensi yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan mahasiswa. As future pharmacists, pharmacy students must be able to respond appropriately to self-medication cases, including childhood diarrhea. This study aims to describe pharmacy students' ability to respond to a case of acute childhood diarrhea (below 5 years) without alarm symptoms and a case of acute childhood diarrhea (a baby) with dehydration. The patient simulation method was used for data collection, and 136 undergraduate pharmacy students participated. The types of information gathered, the types of recommendations provided, and the appropriateness of the recommendations were the parameters observed. The appropriateness of the recommendations provided by participants was assessed according to the literature. The results showed that in both cases, information gathering was not comprehensive. The appropriateness of the recommendations provided was low, with only 21% of the 136 participants providing appropriate recommendations for a case of diarrhea in a child below 5 years (i.e., recommending oral rehydration salt and zinc) and only 11% of 136 participants recommending medical referral for a case of acute childhood diarrhea in a baby. There is a need to improve the ability of pharmacy students to respond to childhood diarrhea cases. Further research on factors influencing pharmacy students' abilities in responding to self-medication cases is needed so that intervention strategies to improve students’ knowledge and skills can be designed.
The Association of Respondent Characteristics with Hyperglycemia among Obesity at the Outpatient Clinic Aditya, Martanty; Nugraha, Dhanang Prawira; Zita, Hestyana; Yanuar, Michael Resta Surya; Afthoni, Muhammad Hilmi
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7515

Abstract

The prevalence of obesity continues to increase and has become one of the significant risk factors for insulin resistance. This condition contributes to the rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus and various metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the association between risk factors andblood glucose levels in individuals with obesity. The respondents were individuals with obesity who had existing medical records and subsequently registered at the outpatient clinic of IHC Lavalette Hospital, Malang. This research employed an observational study design with a cross-sectional method. Sampling was conducted using purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria, resulting in 121 respondents. Data were collected through interviews and medical records and analysed using Fisher exact test. The results showed that certain risk factors were significantly associated with the occurrence of hyperglycemia, including male (OR = 8.376; 95% CI: 1.619–83.695), age 51–75 years (OR = 10.283; 95% CI: 1.979– 102.917), and not taking OADs (OR = 8.426; 95% CI: 1.855–52.901). No significant associations were observed for employment status, marital status, family history of diabetes mellitus, sleep habits, or class I and II obesity. Results related to comorbidity and several odds ratio estimates had wide confidence intervals, reflecting uncertainty due to the small number of cases. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted.
Design of Casocidin-II Mutation Variants as Antibacterial Candidates against Helicobacter pylori using Bioinformatic Approaches Prasetya, Yulianto Ade; Kok, Tjie
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7601

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori infects about 50% of the global population, with high prevalence in Indonesia, particularly in East Nusa Tenggara (51.4%) and Papua (30.7%). If untreated, this infection can cause gastritis, ulcers, and even gastric cancer. Due to rising antibiotic resistance to this bacterium, alternative treatments are needed. Casocidin-II, an antimicrobial peptide from cows milk (Bos taurus), has antibacterial potential but it is unstable in acidic environments, making it ineffective against H. pylori, which colonizes in the stomach. This research aims to design and analyze Casocidin-II mutations using bioinformatic approaches to improve stability without reducing antibacterial activity. Mutations were conducted using I-Mutant 2.0, and structural modeling was done with PEP-FOLD4. Physicochemical properties were analyzed with ExPASy, and the binding affinity to H. pylori BabA receptor was evaluated using HADDOCK. Molecular interactions were visualized with ChimeraX. Eight stable Casocidin- II mutants (CAS1–CAS8) were identified, with CAS3 and CAS5 showing the best stability, hydrophilicity, and aliphatic index. Docking results showed CAS3 and CAS7 had the highest binding affinities, -121.70 kcal/mol and -123.24 kcal/mol, respectively. CAS3, with the sequence KTKLTVEEKNRLNFLKKISQRYQKFALPQYLKTVYQHQK, was the most effective in inhibiting H. pylori growth and is a strong candidate for further laboratory testing. Besides its high affinity and activity, CAS3’s amino acid profile enhaces target binding and membrane penetration. This research demonstrates that bioinformatics can be used in designing mutation varians to enhance peptide stability and antibacterial properties. CAS3 is a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics for H. pylori treatment, pending further experimental validation.
Effect of Sappanwood Extract (Biancaea sappan (L.) Tod.) on the Elimination Phase of the Pharmacokinetic Profile of Glibenclamide in Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Vidiani, Anak Agung Pradnya Paramitha; Tapun, Margareta Chintami; Sa’adah, Anifatus; Adrianto, Madyo
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7607

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, and glibenclamide remains a commonly used oral antidiabetic. Concomitant consumption of sappanwood extract (Biancaea sappan (L.) Tod.) is widespread in Indonesia, raising concerns about herb–drug interactions. This study investigated whether sappanwood modifies the elimination of glibenclamide in Wistar rats. Rats were randomized into three groups: Group I received glibenclamide 10 mg/kg BW; Group II received sappanwood extract 400 mg/kg BW; Group III received the combination. Blood was collected from the retro‐orbital plexus at 20, 22, and 24 h and analyzed by UV–Vis spectrophotometry. Pharmacokinetic parameters were derived by linear regression and residual analysis. In Group I, the terminal log‐linear profile yielded an elimination rate constant (Ke) of 0.1218 h−1 and an elimination half‐life (t1⁄2) of 5.79 h. In Group III, co‐administration with sappanwood produced Ke = 0.0066 h−1 and t1⁄2 = 105 h, indicating a pronounced slowing of glibenclamide elimination relative to control. Group II did not receive glibenclamide and was excluded from pharmacokinetic calculations. Sappanwood extract markedly altered glibenclamide disposition, consistent with a pharmacokinetic herb–drug interaction. The findings suggest that bioactive flavonoids (e.g., Brazilin and quercetin derivatives) may inhibit metabolic pathways relevant to glibenclamide clearance, leading to prolonged exposure.
Antioxidant Polyphenolics Extraction Techniques from Beluntas Leaves using Choline Chloride-Urea: Comparative Study with 70%-Ethanol Hikmawanti, Ni Putu Ermi; Yumita, Agustin; Amalia, Halisa; Cahyani, Siti Rosidah; Putri, Meira Amalia; Mun'im, Abdul
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7627

Abstract

Pluchea indica L. (Less), known as Indian camphorweed (common name) or Beluntas (Indonesia), is an antioxidant polyphenol-rich plant. In our previous studies, choline chloride-urea (CCU) at a molar ratio of 1:2 was one type of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) in the extraction of P. indica leaves (PIL) polyphenolics. The present study aims to evaluate the comparison of total phenolics (TPC) and flavonoids content (TFC) and antioxidant activity of CCU (1:2) extract of PIL obtained from ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) and magnetic stirrer-assisted extraction (MSAE). Ethanol was used as a comparison to conventional extraction solvents. Determination of TPC and TFC was carried out using colorimetric with a microplate reader, while the antioxidant activity test was carried out using the ferric thiocyanate (FTC) method. The UAE is more effective in terms of PIL flavonoid extraction using CCU compared to MSAE, while PIL phenolic extraction with CCU is more effective with MSAE. CCU extract of PIL from extraction with MSAE at a concentration of 1.56% has an antioxidant capacity equivalent to 500 ppm ascorbic acid in inhibiting lipid peroxidation by about 70%. Thus, CCU combined with the MSAE can be recommended in further development of phenolic antioxidants extraction from PIL.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Tigaron (Crateva religiosa G.Forst) terhadap Bakteri Shigella dysentriae dan Salmonella typhi Laili, Nur; Norazizah, Ufairah; Fitriyanti; Sari, Putri Kartika
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7723

Abstract

Tigaron (Crateva religiosa G.Forst) merupakan tumbuhan yang banyak tersebar di pulau Kalimantan. Secara tradisional tumbuhan ini dimanfaatkan masyarakat untuk membantu mengobati diare yang disebabkan oleh bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung serta mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etil asetat daun tigaron (C. religiosa G.Forst) terhadap bakteri Shigella dysenteriae dan Salmonella typhi. Metode yang digunakan ialah difusi sumuran dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak 0,31 mg/mL; 1,55 mg/mL; 7,75mg/mL; 38,75 mg/mL dan 193,75 mg/mL. Ciprofloxacin 5 μg/disk digunakan sebagai kontrol positif dan Na-CMC 0,5% sebagai kontrol negatif. Hasil penelitian pada konsentrasi tertinggi 193,75 mg/mL terhadap bakteri Shigella dysenteriae menunjukkan rata-rata diameter zona hambat sebesar 17,98 mm dan pada bakteri Salmonella typhi sebesar 14,38 mm. Seluruh data diuji dengan Mann Whitney, didapatkan semua konsentrasi ekstrak etil asetat berbeda signifikan terhadap kontrol positif (p<0,05). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etil asetat daun tigaron (Crateva religiosa G.Forst) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Shigella dysenteriae dan Salmonella typhi namun nilainya berbeda signifikan dengan kontrol positif. Tigaron (Crateva religiosa G. Forst) is a plant widely distributed across the island of Kalimantan. Traditionally, this plant has been utilized by local communities to help treat diarrhea, which can be caused by bacterial infections. This study aims to identify the classes of secondary metabolite compounds contained in the plant and to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the ethyl acetate extract of tigaron (Crateva religiosa G. Forst) leaves against Shigella dysenteriae and Salmonella typhi. The method used was the well diffusion assay with extract concentrations of 0.31 mg/mL, 1.55 mg/mL, 7.75 mg/mL, 38.75 mg/mL, and 193.75 mg/mL. Ciprofloxacin 5 μg/disk was used as the positive control and 0.5% Na-CMC as the negative control. The results showed that at the highest concentration of 193.75 mg/mL, the ethyl acetate extract produced an average inhibition zone diameter of 17.98 mm against Shigella dysenteriae and 14.38 mm against Salmonella typhi. All data were tested using Mann-Whitney, and all concentrations of ethyl acetate extract were significantly different from the positive control (p≥0.05). This indicates that the ethyl acetate extract of tigaron leaves (Crateva religiosa G.Forst) has antibacterial activity against Shigella dysenteriae and Salmonella typhi, but the value is significantly different from the positive control.

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